The Practice and Exploration of Applying EBM to Bilingual Teaching of Medical Genetics at OSBCM

In the process of teaching medical genetics of undergraduate clinical medicine, the practice and exploration of applying EBM to the bilingual teaching of OSBCM medical genetics are carried out. Using CBL and PBL as the carrier can make up for the shortcomings of a single teaching mode, synthesize the advantages of multiple teaching modes. It starts from integrating the basic theoretical knowledge of medicine and clinical practice knowledge, improving students’ bilingual level of medical genetics, cultivating students’ literature retrieval ability, and promoting early clinical, multi-clinical and repeated clinical consciousness for medical students. Therefore, it is more conducive to cultivate students’ ability to learn independently, accurately analyze and solve problems, improve medical students’ clinical thinking ability and scientific research awareness, improve medical students’ ability of international communication, and lay a solid foundation for improving medical students’ future post competence, innovative spirit and lifelong learning ability.

Optogenetics:a novel optical manipulation tool for medical investigation

Optogenetics is a new and rapidly evolving gene and neuroengineering technology that allows optical control of specific populations of neurons without affecting other neurons in the brain at high temporal and spatial resolution. By heterologous expression of the light-sensitive membrane proteins, cell type-specific depolarization or hyperpolarization can be optically induced on a millisecond time scale. Optogenetics has the higher selectivity and specificity compared to traditional electrophysiological techniques and pharmaceutical methods. It has been a novel promising tool for medical research. Because of easy handling, high temporal and spatial precision, optogenetics has been applied to many aspects of nervous system research, such as tactual neural circuit, visual neural circuit, auditory neural circuit and olfactory neural circuit, as well as research of some neurological diseases. The review highlights the recent advances of optogenetics in medical study.

What is the purpose of launching the World Journal of Medical Genetics?

Congratulations to the publisher,members of the editorial board of the journal,all the authors and readers for launching the World Journal of Medical Genetics(WJMG)as a new member of the World series journal family!Following the completion of the Human Genome Project,medical genetic research has seen spectacular progress over the last decade.The number of genes that have been linked to Mendelian human traits has grown exponentially and currently this process is peaking with the access to robust genome-wide sequencing power.The genomics revolution is also seen for elucidation of rare and common DNA variants that increase risk for common disorders.Given this fast progress,there is an increasing need for making the results of genetics and genomics studies rapidly and freely available to the larger community.Thus,the decision for inaugurating this new journal is a timely one.The WJMG is a peer-reviewed,open-access periodical centered in all aspects of medical genetics research,with multidisciplinary coverage:from human phenotype to genetic and genomic mutations and variations to the study of pathological mechanisms.If you want to share new results of your research with a link to medical genetics with your peers,you will find the WJMG a good media to publish your papers!

PROSPECT OF MEDICAL GENETICS IN CHINA FROM A HISTORICAL POINT OF VIEW

The history of medical genetics is briefly reviewed.It is evident that medical genetics with its inseparable part,clinical genetics,started out as a clinical science from the very beginning.Its robust development in the developed countries is the result of a close interaction between the basic sciences and clinical genetics.In China,however,clinical genetics has not received due emphasis and medical genetics is still not recognized as one of the medical specialties.This is in marked contrast to the situation in the West.It is high time to acknowledge that medical genetics is a medical specialty and to promote clinical genetics service in qualified hospitals in our country.

Genetics in medical school curriculum:A look at the University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry

Genetics is assuming an increasingly important role in medicine. As a result,the teaching of genetics should also be increased proportionally to ensure that future physicians will be able to take advantage of the new genetic technology,and to understand the associated ethical,legal and social issues. At the University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry,we have been able to incorporate genetic education into a four-year medical curriculum in a fully integrated fashion. This model may serve as a template for other medical curriculum still in development.

An efficient method for constructing a random insertional mutant library for forward genetics in Nannochloropsis oceanica

Insertional mutation,phenotypic evaluation,and mutated gene cloning are widely used to clone genes from scratch.Exogenous genes can be integrated into the genome during non-homologous end joining(NHEJ)of the double-strand breaks of DNA,causing insertional mutation.The random insertional mutant library constructed using this method has become a method of forward genetics for gene cloning.However,the establishment of a random insertional mutant library requires a high transformation efficiency of exogenous genes.Many microalgal species show a low transformation efficiency,making constructing random insertional mutant libraries difficult.In this study,we established a highly efficient transformation method for constructing a random insertional mutant library of Nannochloropsis oceanica,and tentatively tried to isolate its genes to prove the feasibility of the method.A gene that may control the growth rate and cell size was identified.This method will facilitate the genetic studies of N.oceanica,which should also be a reference for other microalgal species.

Reliable Data Collection Model and Transmission Framework in Large-Scale Wireless Medical Sensor Networks

Large-scale wireless sensor networks(WSNs)play a critical role in monitoring dangerous scenarios and responding to medical emergencies.However,the inherent instability and error-prone nature of wireless links present significant challenges,necessitating efficient data collection and reliable transmission services.This paper addresses the limitations of existing data transmission and recovery protocols by proposing a systematic end-to-end design tailored for medical event-driven cluster-based large-scale WSNs.The primary goal is to enhance the reliability of data collection and transmission services,ensuring a comprehensive and practical approach.Our approach focuses on refining the hop-count-based routing scheme to achieve fairness in forwarding reliability.Additionally,it emphasizes reliable data collection within clusters and establishes robust data transmission over multiple hops.These systematic improvements are designed to optimize the overall performance of the WSN in real-world scenarios.Simulation results of the proposed protocol validate its exceptional performance compared to other prominent data transmission schemes.The evaluation spans varying sensor densities,wireless channel conditions,and packet transmission rates,showcasing the protocol’s superiority in ensuring reliable and efficient data transfer.Our systematic end-to-end design successfully addresses the challenges posed by the instability of wireless links in large-scaleWSNs.By prioritizing fairness,reliability,and efficiency,the proposed protocol demonstrates its efficacy in enhancing data collection and transmission services,thereby offering a valuable contribution to the field of medical event-drivenWSNs.

Interaction between diet and genetics in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

In this editorial,we comment on the article by Marangoni et al,published in the recent issue of the World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023;29:5618-5629,about“Diet as an epigenetic factor in inflammatory bowel disease”.The authors emphasized the role of diet,especially the interaction with genetics,in promoting the inflam-matory process in inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)patients,focusing on DNA methylation,histone modifications,and the influence of microRNAs.In this editorial,we explore the interaction between genetics,gut microbiota,and diet,in an only way.Furthermore,we provided dietary recommendations for patients with IBD.The Western diet,characterized by a low fiber content and deficiency the micronutrients,impacts short-chain fatty acids production and may be related to the pathogenesis of IBD.On the other hand,the consumption of the Mediter-ranean diet and dietary fibers are associated with reduced risk of IBD flares,particularly in Crohn’s disease(CD)patients.According to the dietary guidance from the International Organization for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases(IOIBD),the regular consumption of fruits and vegetables while reducing the consumption of saturated,trans,dairy fat,additives,processed foods rich in maltodextrins,and artificial sweeteners containing sucralose or saccharine is recommended to CD patients.For patients with ulcerative colitis,the IOIBD recommends the increased intake of natural sources of omega-3 fatty acids and follows the same restrictive recommendations aimed at CD patients,with the possible inclusion of red meats.In conclusion,IBD is a complex and hetero-geneous disease,and future studies are needed to elucidate the influence of epigenetics on diet and microbiota in IBD patients.

Associative Tasks Computing Offloading Scheme in Internet of Medical Things with Deep Reinforcement Learning

The Internet of Medical Things(Io MT) is regarded as a critical technology for intelligent healthcare in the foreseeable 6G era. Nevertheless, due to the limited computing power capability of edge devices and task-related coupling relationships, Io MT faces unprecedented challenges. Considering the associative connections among tasks, this paper proposes a computing offloading policy for multiple-user devices(UDs) considering device-to-device(D2D) communication and a multi-access edge computing(MEC)technique under the scenario of Io MT. Specifically,to minimize the total delay and energy consumption concerning the requirement of Io MT, we first analyze and model the detailed local execution, MEC execution, D2D execution, and associated tasks offloading exchange model. Consequently, the associated tasks’ offloading scheme of multi-UDs is formulated as a mixed-integer nonconvex optimization problem. Considering the advantages of deep reinforcement learning(DRL) in processing tasks related to coupling relationships, a Double DQN based associative tasks computing offloading(DDATO) algorithm is then proposed to obtain the optimal solution, which can make the best offloading decision under the condition that tasks of UDs are associative. Furthermore, to reduce the complexity of the DDATO algorithm, the cacheaided procedure is intentionally introduced before the data training process. This avoids redundant offloading and computing procedures concerning tasks that previously have already been cached by other UDs. In addition, we use a dynamic ε-greedy strategy in the action selection section of the algorithm, thus preventing the algorithm from falling into a locally optimal solution. Simulation results demonstrate that compared with other existing methods for associative task models concerning different structures in the Io MT network, the proposed algorithm can lower the total cost more effectively and efficiently while also providing a tradeoff between delay and energy consumption tolerance.

A Theory of Bio-Quantum Genetics

The physical mechanism of heredity or inheritance of genes is a quantum mechanical and/or quantum computational process. A theory of bio-quantum genetics is established in this paper. Principle of Bio-quantum Genetics is suggested. I propose and define the soft-genes of genetics controlling the processes of heredity or inheritance of genes. This research deals with the quantum mechanisms of Mendel plant heredity and family inheritance as examples of bio-quantum genetics, deepening our understanding of heredity or inheritance. I believe that more contributions will be made to promote researches of bio-quantum genetics or quantum biology at large.

Adapter Based on Pre-Trained Language Models for Classification of Medical Text

We present an approach to classify medical text at a sentence level automatically.Given the inherent complexity of medical text classification,we employ adapters based on pre-trained language models to extract information from medical text,facilitating more accurate classification while minimizing the number of trainable parameters.Extensive experiments conducted on various datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach.

Evaluation of Attending Medical Teams and Their Impact on the DRG Components of Cholecystectomy

Objective:This study assessed the role of the attending medical team in the cost control of the cholecystectomy DRG components.Methods:The association between team structure,workflow,and treatment outcomes was analyzed using a mixed-methods approach combining quantitative data and qualitative interviews from 628 patients.Results:Inter-professional teamwork significantly affected length of stay,treatment costs,and recurrence rates,with experienced teams performing better in terms of emergency response and collaborative efficiency.Patient satisfaction was generally high,indicating that good teamwork enhances treatment outcomes.Significance:The study highlights the importance of optimizing team configuration to improve the quality,efficiency,and cost control of healthcare.

Analysis of the Effect of Extended Rehabilitation Care at Home on the Psychological Condition and Adherence to Medical Compliance Behavior of Patients with Coronary Heart Disease Combined with Heart Failure

Objective:To analyze the effects of providing extended rehabilitation nursing services at home to patients with coronary heart disease(CHD)combined with heart failure(CHF)on psychological improvement and adherence to medical compliance behavior.Methods:79 patients with CHD with CHF admitted to Sijia Town Central Health Hospital,Haimen District,Nantong City,Jiangsu Province,between June 2021 and June 2023 were selected and grouped according to the randomized numerical table method.The control group(39 cases)was provided with conventional nursing care and extended rehabilitation nursing care at home was provided to the observation group(40 cases).The psychological status,adherence to medical behaviors,cardiac function,and complications between both groups were compared.Results:The scores of anxieties and depression self-assessment scales(SAS,SDS)of patients in the observation group were lower than those of the control group(t=2.954,3.212;P<0.05);the compliance of patients in the observation group was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).The levels of left ventricular ejection fraction,end-systolic and end-diastolic internal diameters(LVEF,LVESD,LVEDD)of patients in the observation group at 58.02±5.34%,44.49±5.16 mm,and 49.16±5.76 mm respectively were better than those of the control group after nursing care(t=3.205,3.288,2.633;P<0.05);the complication rate of the observation group was lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Extended rehabilitation nursing at home exhibited a psychological regulation effect on CHD with CHF patients,improved their medical compliance,improved cardiac function,reduced the incidence of complications,and had significant application value.

Research on the Construction Status of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Medical Talent Community and the Countermeasures for Its Realization

In April 2015,the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee adopted the“Outline of the Plan for the Coordinated Development of Beijing,Tianjin,and Hebei.”In July 2017,the“Plan for the Integrated Development of Beijing,Tianjin,and Hebei Talents(2017–2030),”jointly prepared by the leading groups of the three regions,was officially released.The core of the coordinated development of these three regions is the orderly removal of non-capital functions from Beijing.Talents,especially medical talents,are integral to this transition.The construction of a medical talent community across these three regions promotes the further development of a healthier China,meets the growing needs of the people for a better life,and embodies the concept of putting people first.This paper begins by examining the current situation of the construction of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei medical talent community,reviewing the progress made,analyzing existing problems,and proposing targeted countermeasures and suggestions.

Importance-aware 3D volume visualization for medical content-based image retrieval-a preliminary study

Background A medical content-based image retrieval(CBIR)system is designed to retrieve images from large imaging repositories that are visually similar to a user′s query image.CBIR is widely used in evidence-based diagnosis,teaching,and research.Although the retrieval accuracy has largely improved,there has been limited development toward visualizing important image features that indicate the similarity of retrieved images.Despite the prevalence of 3D volumetric data in medical imaging such as computed tomography(CT),current CBIR systems still rely on 2D cross-sectional views for the visualization of retrieved images.Such 2D visualization requires users to browse through the image stacks to confirm the similarity of the retrieved images and often involves mental reconstruction of 3D information,including the size,shape,and spatial relations of multiple structures.This process is time-consuming and reliant on users'experience.Methods In this study,we proposed an importance-aware 3D volume visualization method.The rendering parameters were automatically optimized to maximize the visibility of important structures that were detected and prioritized in the retrieval process.We then integrated the proposed visualization into a CBIR system,thereby complementing the 2D cross-sectional views for relevance feedback and further analyses.Results Our preliminary results demonstrate that 3D visualization can provide additional information using multimodal positron emission tomography and computed tomography(PETCT)images of a non-small cell lung cancer dataset.

Mindfulness training in medical education as a means to improve resilience,empathy,and mental health in the medical profession

The high rates of depression,burnout,and increased risk of suicide among medical students,residents,and physicians in comparison with other careers signal a mental health crisis within our profession.We contend that this crisis coupled with the inadequate acquisition of interpersonal skills during medical education results from the interaction between a challenging environment and the mental capital of individuals.Additionally,we posit that mindfulness-based practices are instrumental for the development of major components of mental capital,such as resilience,flexibility of mind,and learning skills,while also serving as a pathway to enhance empathy,compassion,self-awareness,conflict resolution,and relational abilities.Importantly,the evidence base supporting the effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions has been increasing over the years,and a growing number of medical schools have already integrated mindfulness into their curricula.While we acknowledge that mindfulness is not a panacea for all educational and mental health problems in this field,we argue that there is currently an unprecedented opportunity to gather momentum,spread and study mindfulness-based programs in medical schools around the world as a way to address some longstanding shortcomings of the medical profession and the health and educational systems upon which it is rooted.

Special Issue: The Global Cross-cultural Integration of TCM in the Mainstream Healthcare, Medical Education and the Practice of Medicine

Ioannis Solos Ph.D.,M.D.(China),L.Ac.currently serves as President and CEO at the Saint George Clinic and Research Institute,Scottsdale,AZ.,and Associate Editor for Chinese Medicine and Culture.Professor Solos has earned his Master of Medicine in Traditional Diagnosis at the Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,and his Medical Ph.D.in Chinese and Western Integrative Medicine at the Jinan University in Guangzhou.He practices and teaches integrative clinical medicine,Jing Fang(经方TCM formulas),martial lineage acupuncture,and his personalized style of“tendon and fascia reconditioning manipulations for bone and joint disease”.

Knowledge of Hospital Acquired Infections (HAIs) among Medical Students in a Tertiary Hospital in Jos North Local Government Area, Plateau State, Nigeria

Background: Hospital Acquired Infections (HAIs) remain a common cause of death, functional disability, emotional suffering and economic burden among hospitalized patients. Knowledge of HAIs is important in its prevention and control. This study seeks to assess the knowledge of Hospital Acquired Infections (HAIs) among medical students in a Tertiary Hospital in Jos North Local Government Area, Plateau State, Nigeria. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study done in October 2019 among clinical medical students using a Multistage sampling technique. Data was collected using a self-administered structured questionnaire and analyzed using the IBM SPSS 20 (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences). Ethical approval was granted by Bingham University Teaching Hospital, Ethics Committee, Jos, Plateau State. Results: A total of 219 students in the clinical arm of the College of Medicine and Health Sciences were selected. A higher proportion (97.7%) of respondents knew about Hospital Acquired Infections and 85.4% knew that Hospital Acquired infections occur in the hospital, and (86.3%) considered patients contagious with half (58.9%) considered patients as the most important source of HAIs, followed by care givers (13.2%), then doctors including medical students and interns (10.0%) and lastly nurses (8.7%). The majority of respondents (70.8%) considered Surgical Wound Infections to be the most commonly occurring HAI, followed by UTIs (69.9%), RTIs (61.2%), BSIs (37.0%) and others (0.9%). The clinical thermometer was the instrument that most commonly transmits HAIs (82.6%), then followed by stethoscope (62.1%), white coats (53.9%), and blood pressure cuff (51.1%). Most respondents knew the infectious substances, like blood (96.3%), nasal discharge (82.6%), saliva (85.3%), and faeces (79.4%) transmitted HAIs, 72.6% of the respondents said that they were aware of the recommended hand washing techniques by WHO. Conclusion: The majority of students 91.3% had good knowledge while 8.7% had poor knowledge of HAIs. Lower classes had more respondents with poor knowledge. This finding was statistically significant (p = 0.002, Chi-square 12.819). Students are encouraged to keep up the level of knowledge they have about HAIs. These students can help improve the knowledge of those whose knowledge level is low. Government and NGOs should support sponsorship for capacity-building events targeted at HAIs for healthcare workers and medical students.

Fractional-order heterogeneous memristive Rulkov neuronal network and its medical image watermarking application

This article proposes a novel fractional heterogeneous neural network by coupling a Rulkov neuron with a Hopfield neural network(FRHNN),utilizing memristors for emulating neural synapses.The study firstly demonstrates the coexistence of multiple firing patterns through phase diagrams,Lyapunov exponents(LEs),and bifurcation diagrams.Secondly,the parameter related firing behaviors are described through two-parameter bifurcation diagrams.Subsequently,local attraction basins reveal multi-stability phenomena related to initial values.Moreover,the proposed model is implemented on a microcomputer-based ARM platform,and the experimental results correspond to the numerical simulations.Finally,the article explores the application of digital watermarking for medical images,illustrating its features of excellent imperceptibility,extensive key space,and robustness against attacks including noise and cropping.

Robust zero-watermarking algorithm based on discrete wavelet transform and daisy descriptors for encrypted medical image

In the intricate network environment,the secure transmission of medical images faces challenges such as information leakage and malicious tampering,significantly impacting the accuracy of disease diagnoses by medical professionals.To address this problem,the authors propose a robust feature watermarking algorithm for encrypted medical images based on multi-stage discrete wavelet transform(DWT),Daisy descriptor,and discrete cosine transform(DCT).The algorithm initially encrypts the original medical image through DWT-DCT and Logistic mapping.Subsequently,a 3-stage DWT transformation is applied to the encrypted medical image,with the centre point of the LL3 sub-band within its low-frequency component serving as the sampling point.The Daisy descriptor matrix for this point is then computed.Finally,a DCT transformation is performed on the Daisy descriptor matrix,and the low-frequency portion is processed using the perceptual hashing algorithm to generate a 32-bit binary feature vector for the medical image.This scheme utilises cryptographic knowledge and zero-watermarking technique to embed watermarks without modifying medical images and can extract the watermark from test images without the original image,which meets the basic re-quirements of medical image watermarking.The embedding and extraction of water-marks are accomplished in a mere 0.160 and 0.411s,respectively,with minimal computational overhead.Simulation results demonstrate the robustness of the algorithm against both conventional attacks and geometric attacks,with a notable performance in resisting rotation attacks.