The oil palm (<i>Elaeis</i> <i>guineensis</i> Jacq.) is one of the major cultivated crops among the economically important palm species. It is cultivated mainly for its edible oil. For a perenn...The oil palm (<i>Elaeis</i> <i>guineensis</i> Jacq.) is one of the major cultivated crops among the economically important palm species. It is cultivated mainly for its edible oil. For a perennial crop like oil palm, the use of Marker Assisted Selection (MAS) techniques helps to reduce the breeding cycle and improve the economic products. Genetic and physical maps are important for sequencing experiments since they show the exact positions of genes and other distinctive features in the chromosomal DNA. This review focuses on the role of genome mapping in oil palm breeding. It assesses the role of genome mapping in oil palm breeding and discusses the major factors affecting such mapping. Generating a high-density map governed by several factors, for instance, marker type, marker density, number of mapped population, and software used are the major issues treated. The general conclusion is that genome mapping is pivotal in the construction of a genetic linkage map. It helps to detect QTL and identify genes that control quantitative traits in oil palm. In perspective, the use of high-density molecular markers with a large number of markers, a large number mapping population, and up-to-date softw<span style="color:;">are </span><span>is necessary</span><span style="color:;"> for oil pal</span>m genome mapping.展开更多
ON April 14, 2003, scientists from China, the United States. Japan, Germany, France and Britain announced they had completed sequence mapping of the human genome, marking the end of the Human Genome Project （HGP） st...ON April 14, 2003, scientists from China, the United States. Japan, Germany, France and Britain announced they had completed sequence mapping of the human genome, marking the end of the Human Genome Project （HGP） started in 1990. Yang Huanming, an academician from the Chinese Academy of Sciences （CAS） and Chairman of the Shenzhen branch of the Beijing Genomics Institute （BGI）. led the group of Chinese experts that contributed to the project. The Chinese team played an integral part in the research unti August 26, 2001.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the performance of optical genomemapping(OGM)in identifying an inversion located in the short armof chromosome 8(8p,8p23.1),flanked by regions of complex segmental duplication(SD),using the GRCh3...Objective:To evaluate the performance of optical genomemapping(OGM)in identifying an inversion located in the short armof chromosome 8(8p,8p23.1),flanked by regions of complex segmental duplication(SD),using the GRCh38 and telomere-to-telomere(T2T)genome references.Methods:We investigated a couple suspected of carrying the 8p23.1 inversion due to a terminal deletion combined with an interstitial duplication of 8p found in their abortus.OGM was performed on both individuals.The data were mapped to the current GRCh38 and the updated T2T genome references,respectively.Results:The 8p23.1 inversion was observed in the female when mapping OGM data to the T2T assembly.In contrast,under the GRCh38 reference,the orientation between the suspected breakpoints within the SD regions could not be distinguished.Additional variants of uncertain significance were also identified in both individuals.Conclusion:Our findings highlight the superiority of the T2T reference in recognizing structural variations involving SD regions.The enhanced SV detection using the T2T reference may contribute to a better understanding of genome instability and human diseases.展开更多
Recombinant inbred lines(RILs) serve as powerful tools for genetic mapping.RILs are obtained by crossing two inbred lines followed by repeated selfing or sib-mating to create a set of new
In August 1992, the State S&T Commission(SSTC) of China announced that China would launch a Rice Genome Program, a counterpart to the US Program of Human Genome, in a bid to decipher the genetic code of rice at th...In August 1992, the State S&T Commission(SSTC) of China announced that China would launch a Rice Genome Program, a counterpart to the US Program of Human Genome, in a bid to decipher the genetic code of rice at the molecular level and then apply the obtained results to the cultivation of improved strains of the crop.展开更多
Objective To confirm previous effort to identify type 2 diabetes susceptibility genes in a Northern Chinese population by conducting a new genome scan with both an increased number of type 2 diabetes families and a n...Objective To confirm previous effort to identify type 2 diabetes susceptibility genes in a Northern Chinese population by conducting a new genome scan with both an increased number of type 2 diabetes families and a new set of microsatellite markers within the previously localized regions.Methods A genome scan method was applied. After multiplexed PCR, electrophoreses, genescan and genotyping analysis, we obtained size information for all loci , and then a further study was done by both parametric and non-parametric linkage analysis to investigate the P values and Z values of these loci.Results We surveyed 34 microsatellite markers which distributed within 5 regions along chromosome 1, and a total of 12?000 genotypes were screened. Evidence of linkage with diabetes was identified for 8 of the 34 loci. All P values of the 8 loci were lower than 0.05, and the highest Z value was 2.17. A very interesting finding is that all 5 markers at the p- terminal 1p36.3-1p36.23 region, spanning a long range of 16.9?cM, were identified to have a low P value of less than 0.05, which suggests that this region may contain multiple susceptibility genes. Regions 4 and 5 also confirmed the previous findings, and we narrowed these two regions to a 2.7?cM and 2.5?cM regions, respectively.Conclusions We further confirmed the results gained in the previous genome-wide scan using an increased number of NIDDM families and a new set of microsatellite markers lying within the initially localized regions. The fact that all 5 loci at the p- terminal region displayed a low P value of less than 0.05 suggests that more than 1 susceptibility gene may reside in this region.展开更多
A starting point of curating bioinformatic resources for the public is marked by the establishment of the US National Center for Biotechnology Information（NCBI）in 1988[1].One of its many purposes is certainly to ech...A starting point of curating bioinformatic resources for the public is marked by the establishment of the US National Center for Biotechnology Information（NCBI）in 1988[1].One of its many purposes is certainly to echo the initiative of the Human Genome Project（HGP）––when two landmark reports were published at the same time：‘‘Mapping and Sequencing the Human Genome’’by the National Research Council[2]and‘‘Mapping Our Genes––The Genome Project：How Big,How Fast？’’by the US Congress[3].展开更多
文摘The oil palm (<i>Elaeis</i> <i>guineensis</i> Jacq.) is one of the major cultivated crops among the economically important palm species. It is cultivated mainly for its edible oil. For a perennial crop like oil palm, the use of Marker Assisted Selection (MAS) techniques helps to reduce the breeding cycle and improve the economic products. Genetic and physical maps are important for sequencing experiments since they show the exact positions of genes and other distinctive features in the chromosomal DNA. This review focuses on the role of genome mapping in oil palm breeding. It assesses the role of genome mapping in oil palm breeding and discusses the major factors affecting such mapping. Generating a high-density map governed by several factors, for instance, marker type, marker density, number of mapped population, and software used are the major issues treated. The general conclusion is that genome mapping is pivotal in the construction of a genetic linkage map. It helps to detect QTL and identify genes that control quantitative traits in oil palm. In perspective, the use of high-density molecular markers with a large number of markers, a large number mapping population, and up-to-date softw<span style="color:;">are </span><span>is necessary</span><span style="color:;"> for oil pal</span>m genome mapping.
文摘ON April 14, 2003, scientists from China, the United States. Japan, Germany, France and Britain announced they had completed sequence mapping of the human genome, marking the end of the Human Genome Project （HGP） started in 1990. Yang Huanming, an academician from the Chinese Academy of Sciences （CAS） and Chairman of the Shenzhen branch of the Beijing Genomics Institute （BGI）. led the group of Chinese experts that contributed to the project. The Chinese team played an integral part in the research unti August 26, 2001.
基金supported by funding for Clinical Trials from the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital,Medical School of Nanjing University(2022-LCYJ-MS-06).
文摘Objective:To evaluate the performance of optical genomemapping(OGM)in identifying an inversion located in the short armof chromosome 8(8p,8p23.1),flanked by regions of complex segmental duplication(SD),using the GRCh38 and telomere-to-telomere(T2T)genome references.Methods:We investigated a couple suspected of carrying the 8p23.1 inversion due to a terminal deletion combined with an interstitial duplication of 8p found in their abortus.OGM was performed on both individuals.The data were mapped to the current GRCh38 and the updated T2T genome references,respectively.Results:The 8p23.1 inversion was observed in the female when mapping OGM data to the T2T assembly.In contrast,under the GRCh38 reference,the orientation between the suspected breakpoints within the SD regions could not be distinguished.Additional variants of uncertain significance were also identified in both individuals.Conclusion:Our findings highlight the superiority of the T2T reference in recognizing structural variations involving SD regions.The enhanced SV detection using the T2T reference may contribute to a better understanding of genome instability and human diseases.
文摘Recombinant inbred lines(RILs) serve as powerful tools for genetic mapping.RILs are obtained by crossing two inbred lines followed by repeated selfing or sib-mating to create a set of new
文摘In August 1992, the State S&T Commission(SSTC) of China announced that China would launch a Rice Genome Program, a counterpart to the US Program of Human Genome, in a bid to decipher the genetic code of rice at the molecular level and then apply the obtained results to the cultivation of improved strains of the crop.
基金ThisworkwassupportedbytheNationalNaturalSciencesFoundationofChina (No .398962 0 0 ) theNationalHighTechnologyResearchandDevelopmentProgram (No .10 2 10 0 2 0 2 ) theNationalProgramforKeyBasicResearchProject (No .G19980 5 10 16)
文摘Objective To confirm previous effort to identify type 2 diabetes susceptibility genes in a Northern Chinese population by conducting a new genome scan with both an increased number of type 2 diabetes families and a new set of microsatellite markers within the previously localized regions.Methods A genome scan method was applied. After multiplexed PCR, electrophoreses, genescan and genotyping analysis, we obtained size information for all loci , and then a further study was done by both parametric and non-parametric linkage analysis to investigate the P values and Z values of these loci.Results We surveyed 34 microsatellite markers which distributed within 5 regions along chromosome 1, and a total of 12?000 genotypes were screened. Evidence of linkage with diabetes was identified for 8 of the 34 loci. All P values of the 8 loci were lower than 0.05, and the highest Z value was 2.17. A very interesting finding is that all 5 markers at the p- terminal 1p36.3-1p36.23 region, spanning a long range of 16.9?cM, were identified to have a low P value of less than 0.05, which suggests that this region may contain multiple susceptibility genes. Regions 4 and 5 also confirmed the previous findings, and we narrowed these two regions to a 2.7?cM and 2.5?cM regions, respectively.Conclusions We further confirmed the results gained in the previous genome-wide scan using an increased number of NIDDM families and a new set of microsatellite markers lying within the initially localized regions. The fact that all 5 loci at the p- terminal region displayed a low P value of less than 0.05 suggests that more than 1 susceptibility gene may reside in this region.
基金supported by the National High-tech R&D Program of China (863 Program Grant Nos: 2012AA020402 and 2012AA02A202)
文摘A starting point of curating bioinformatic resources for the public is marked by the establishment of the US National Center for Biotechnology Information（NCBI）in 1988[1].One of its many purposes is certainly to echo the initiative of the Human Genome Project（HGP）––when two landmark reports were published at the same time：‘‘Mapping and Sequencing the Human Genome’’by the National Research Council[2]and‘‘Mapping Our Genes––The Genome Project：How Big,How Fast？’’by the US Congress[3].
