Contribution of Geographic Information Systems for the Management of Water Resources： Case of Groundwater Resources of the Plain of Mascara （Algeria）

The plain of Mascara includes groundwater resources, heavily exploited for the needs of the population, industry and agriculture. However, this resource is under threat from the point of view of quality and quantity. The degradation of water quality comes from water discharges untreated （domestic and/or industrial） and from the irrational use of fertilizers and pesticides in agriculture. The decrease in reserves is due to the effects of intensive exploitation. Several studies on the water resources of the plain generated a mass of very important data. In most cases, these data are disparate at different institutions managers （water resources, environment, etc.）, and are found recorded in paper documents, difficult to exploit. For this reason, it would be essential to use reliable new techniques, namely the GIS （geographic information systems）. The implementation of the GIS of the plain of Mascara （with extension to all the sub-basin of Wadi Fekan） must permit to organize the data and transform it into information. Integration, crossing and superposition of the data with other variables may contribute to spatial analysis and generate very important thematic maps. The GIS constitutes a very effective decision aid tool for the management, exploitation, preservation and protection of water resources. The exploitation possibilities of GIS are multiple, direct or indirect. We give an example as the coupling with a groundwater flow model that may be the subject of additional work.

Marine Engineering Geological Exploration Information System(MEGEIS):A GIS-based Application to Marine Resources Exploitation

Based on the ArcGIS geographic information system and the ORACLE database management system,this paper reports our studies on the technology of Marine Engineering Geological Exploration Information System(MEGEIS). By analyzing system structure,designing function modules and discussing data management,this paper systematically proposes a framework of technol-ogy to integrate,manage,and analyze the seabed information comprehensively. Then,the technology is applied to the design and development of the Bohai Sea Oilfield Paradigm Area Information System. The system can not only meet the practical demands of marine resources exploration and exploitation in the Bohai Sea oilfield,but also serve as a preparatory work in theory and technology for the realization of the 'Digital Seabed'.

Remote Sensing Investigation Method on Land Resources by A Geographic Information System

The human living and developing depend on the land. The remote sensing images in Keerqinhouqi, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China, were processed . Supported by a geographical information system, the image map was formed by th e boundary making and overlaying to the precision-corrected remote sensed image . Finally, the current land use types were also classified and outlined. The area s were also calculated. The error is less than 10 precent, compared with the sur vey. Thus the proceduce is considered accepfable.

A Review of Mineral Resources and GIS Applications in Mineral Resource Assessment in Northeast China

Northeast China is one of the regions in China that possesses a great abundance of mineral resources. Coal. petroleum, natural gas, gold, iron, magnesite, graphite, talc, molding sand, glass sand and some others account for large portion in reserves and yields of that in the whole country. The region faced also shortages of copper, molybdenum, oil shale, zirconium, tantalum, rare earth, and beryllium, although they have large reserves, but limited by economical and technical factors. Geological mapping and mineral exploration activities have been intensive. Only the north part of Daxinanling Mountains in the region leaves unexplored. GIS applications in mineral resource assessment in the region start not long. Databases for GIS applications are on the way of construction. Well - trained technical staff and expertise do not meet the demand. This article reviews the situation of mineral resources and GIS applications for mineral resource assessment in the region. Suggestions on multi - lateral cooperation and GIS training are also made.

GIS在农业资源管理项目中的应用分析

以粮食生产功能区和重要农产品生产保护区划定管理项目为依托,建立农业资源管理数据库,进而为提高农业资源优化配置和合理开发利用服务。以项目业务流程为主线,分析GIS在生产工序中发挥的作用和遇到的问题,总结问题并提出解决建议,对GIS在行政审批和数据共享方面应用进行展望,为农业资源管理和信息化建设提供参考和借鉴。

基于GIS的林业调查技术研究

随着地理信息系统(GIS)技术的不断发展和应用,基于GIS的林业调查技术在林业资源管理、生态环境保护、林火监测和森林病虫害监测等方面得到了广泛应用。该文通过概述GIS的基本概念和定义,介绍了GIS在林业调查中的应用重要性和现状,并总结了林业调查中常用的GIS技术,比如,遥感、GPS和DEM技术。同时,通过实际案例阐述了GIS在林业调查中的应用技术,并探讨了GIS在林业调查中的优势和挑战。最后,提出了加强技术研究和应用推广的建议,以促进GIS在林业调查中的进一步应用和发展,实现更科学、可持续的林业资源管理和保护。

A Numerical Solution for the Integrated Analysis of Water Resources Management: Application to the Mero River Watershed, La Coruña, Spain

This research is concerned with new developments and practical applications of a physically-based numerical model that incorporates new approaches for a finite elements solution to the steady/transient problems of the joint ground/surface water flows. Python scripts are implemented in Geographic Information System (GIS) to store, represent and take decisions on the simulated conditions related to the water resources management at the scale of the watershed. The proposed surface-subsurface model considers surface and groundwater interactions to be 2-D horizontally distributed and depth-averaged through a diffusive wave approach for surface flood routing. Infiltration rates, overland flows and evapotranspiration processes are considered by a diffuse discharge from surface water, non-saturated subsoil and groundwater table. Recent developments also allow for the management of surface water flow control through the capacity of diversion on river beds, spillways and outflow operations of floodgates in weirs and dams of reservoirs. Practical application regards the actual hydrology of the Mero River watershed, with two important water bodies mainly concerned with the water resources management at the Cecebre Reservoir and the present flooding of a deep coal mining excavation. The MELEF model (Modèle d’éLéments Fluides, in French) was adapted and calibrated during a period of five years (2008/ 2012) with the help of hydrological parameters, registered flow rates, water levels and registered precipitation, water uses and water management operations in surface and groundwater bodies. The results predict the likely evolution of the Cecebre Reservoir, the flow rates in rivers, the flooding of the Meirama open pit and the local water balances for different hydrological components.

Management Implications of Aquifer Fractures on Ecosystem and Habitat Suitability for Panthers in Southern Florida

Our case study analyzed the proximity of previously mapped fractures in the aquifer matrix to 93 Florida panther (Puma concolor coryi) dens mapped from 2007-2016 in south Florida. Dens occurred in five counties (Collier = 77, Dade = 1, Hendry = 9, Lee = 5, and Monroe = 1) and three sub-basins of the Greater Everglades Basin (Big Cypress Swamp = 83, Caloosahatchee = 3, and Everglades = 7). Fractured aquifers occur worldwide, but are not the focus of habitat suitability studies, despite evidence that fractures influence plant species composition and density. Habitat alterations can occur many kilometers from the surface footprint of groundwater alterations in the regional Floridan aquifer system via preferential flow through fractures. Increased natural discharge from and recharge to the aquifer occur at fracture intersections. Greater induced recharge and habitat changes also may occur at fracture intersections. All dens were within 5 km of a previously mapped fracture;36% and 74% were within 1 km and 2 km, respectively, of those fractures;and 47%, 74%, and 90% of dens were within 2 km, 3.25 km and 5 km, respectively, from the nearest fracture intersection. Results suggest fractures influence the suitability and/or availability of habitat for panther dens, selection of den sites, and availability as well as abundance of high quality prey items essential for the nutritional demands of successfully rearing panther kittens in the wild. We recommend more detailed investigations of: a) vegetation characteristics near dens, b) groundwater alterations and cumulative impacts of those alterations associated with fractures in panther habitat (e.g., altered plant species composition and density), and c) influence of aquifer fractures in all habitats underlain by fractures.

沙特NEOM隧道项目BIM与GIS关键技术研究

利用数字仿真模拟方法,在保障施工安全的基础上优化爆破方案。提出了大断面隧道大孔距设计的理论方法,有效控制隧道断面和保留岩体的损伤,并降低成本。通过模拟二维、三维路线的联动,可以对比剖切地质体,按里程桩号实时查询地质体产状及地质风险信息,根据围岩等级对施工方案进行分析,辅助施工决策。通过将项目的BIM模型接入GIS数据平台,可以将地质超前预报的信息与项目进度进行动态关联。采用BIM4D进度管理手段,采用BIM技术和数字化手段管理项目的计划和进度,帮助项目在高质量的基础上合理压缩工期,达到降本增效的目的。

GIS Based Management System for Photovoltaic Panels

This paper provides a proposal of implementation of latest technologies in photovoltaic installation and management system. Punjab Government Cooperative Housing Society was selected to find out suitability for photovoltaic installation and its management after that. Google Earth imagery and scanned maps were selected for the preparation of spatial and attribute data of buildings in the study area by using ArcGIS software. In first stage data were digitized and suitability and potential for each building were estimated. In second stage all the tabular data which consisted of owner information, panel information, its potential and location were linked to each other for management purpose. Selected area for solar panels installation was linked to building information for query and visualization.

A Decision Support System Web—Application for the Management of Forest Road Network

The present study contributes to the development of an online FRMP(Forest Road Management Platform)that aims to assist in the management of forest road network in a holistic way.This is achieved by the proposed methodology which serves as a database using geoprocessing and geospatial technologies for the handling,and the identification of critical issues in the infrastructure of forest road networks,visualization of forest roads,and the optimization of the management of the forest road network by proposing alternative strategies.In this paper,the development of the decision making web-tool,and presented examples to demonstrate effectively its application and resulting advantages are described.The developed web-application may provide assistance to various forest organizations in the management of forest road networks and associated problems in an effective and sustainable way.

铜矿山地理信息系统(GIS)在资源管理中的作用

在众多资源中,矿产资源属于基础性资源,以铜矿资源为例,其是多个行业的重要生产原料。需要加强铜矿资源管理力度,应当充分发挥GIS的作用,全面掌握铜矿山的地质环境、气候特点、水文特征等,为矿山资源开采提供数据支持。

基于GIS的建设用地适宜性和后备资源潜力评价

为协调生态环境保护与经济社会发展的关系,促进土地资源可持续利用,以都匀市2010年和2020年两期遥感影像作为数据源,经遥感影像解译生成两期土地利用数据,从自然环境和社会经济因素选定评价因子,构建建设用地适宜性评价指标体系。运用斑块生成土地利用模拟(PLUS)模型确定指标权重,利用地理信息系统(GIS)空间分析对建设用地适宜性和后备资源潜力进行评价研究。结果表明:适宜区、较适宜区、一般适宜区、欠适宜区和不适宜区分别占研究区土地总面积5.84%、15.76%、24.09%、28.89%、25.43%,适宜性等级以不适宜区为主;在空间分布上,适宜区分布在老城区中心区、匀东经济开发区中心区、甘塘工业园区的中心区和各乡镇的政府驻地,欠适宜区和不适宜区分布在高程较高、坡度较大,林地、草地集中分布的山区;后备适宜建设用地面积为61 982.1 hm^(2),适宜区、较适宜区、一般适宜区分别占后备适宜建设用地面积10.34%、34.6%、55.04%;适宜区规模最小,是城市未来发展的主要方向;建设用地适宜性等级的空间分布与研究区2020年土地利用现状实际分布相符,对区域的规划建设用地工作具有参考意义。

基于GIS+人工智能的市政设施管养系统研发

随着我国城市化进程的加快,城市基础设施数量及复杂程度增加,传统管理模式已不能满足日益增长的需要。因此,将GIS技术与人工智能技术相结合,构建智能市政设施养护管理体系,是提高城市管理效率,优化资源配置,保障居民生活质量的必然选择。本文利用GIS空间信息技术,实现对市政设施的精确定位与空间分析,并与人工智能技术相结合,自动监控与预警市政设施运行状态。通过实时监测与数据分析,可以及时发现设施的故障与异常状况,提前预防与处理,达到设施维护与管理的智能化。

基于GIS的海宁市输电线路及通道管理系统

针对众多的输电线路,如何快速了解线路的路径走向、电压等级等台账信息;如何快速识别输电线路通道内的鸟巢、树障、人工建筑物等危险点信息;如何把输电线路信息高效、安全共享给线路设计等部门;如何快速更新输电线路通道状态信息。针对上述问题,利用GIS技术、信息技术和无人机、地物智能判别等融合手段,构建基于GIS的海宁市输电线路通道管理系统,通过此系统可极大提高输电线路管理效率和实现通道内危险物的自动识别、预警,以保证通道安全。

基于GIS的地质资料数字化管理系统设计与实现

地质资料是我国投入大量勘查资金所获得战略性信息资源,是国家宝贵的财富。传统的地质资料档案管理采用纸质记录、现场查阅的方式,一旦档案损坏是不可逆的,同时也不利于共享与利用,发挥不了地质档案资料的价值。地质资料数字化管理系统集地质资料的数字化汇交、受理、验收、入库、目录著录、检索、管理、借阅以及服务为一体,实现地质资料全业务全流程数字化,促进地勘单位数据交流共享,将提升地质资料管理与服务水平。

基于遥感和GIS的水资源调查与评价方法研究

探讨基于遥感和地理信息系统(Geographic Information System,GIS)技术的水资源调查与评价方法,旨在提高水资源管理的效率和准确性。使用遥感技术进行数据采集和处理,以及利用GIS进行空间数据的管理和分析,研究内容涵盖了水资源量的计算、水质评价、水资源管理策略等方面。结果显示,遥感和GIS技术能有效提供水资源量化评估,识别和分析水质状况,支持水资源的合理分配和可持续利用。遥感和GIS技术在水资源调查和管理中展现出巨大的潜力,但也面临数据精度、处理复杂性和成本效益的挑战。未来研究需要集成跨学科知识,优化技术应用,以更全面、高效地解决全球水资源问题。

GIS技术在水利工程规划与管理中的应用

随着全球水资源压力日益加剧,水利工程的规划与管理显得尤为重要。为了提高水利工程项目的规划精度与管理效率,GIS(地理信息系统)技术的应用提供了一个高效的解决方案。文章通过分析GIS在水利工程选址、设计、维护及管理中的实际应用,展示了GIS技术如何在处理大规模空间数据、进行地形与水文分析、优化水资源管理中发挥关键作用。研究结果表明,GIS不仅能提高水利工程的设计精度,还能有效支持水利设施的维护和灾害管理,从而提升整个水资源系统的可持续性与安全性。

基于云GIS的自然地理野外实习全流程管理系统开发与应用

针对GIS专业自然地理野外实习中地理时空特征认识受限及实习过程闭环管理的要求,引入了云GIS、三维GIS、LBS服务等新技术,设计与开发了一个集成网页端、移动端APP和微信小程序等多端应用的综合自然地理野外实习全流程管理系统,并实现了3个终端信息和数据的共享互通。系统再现了实习区域的自然地理环境,实现了实习全过程的智能信息化管理,满足了师生实习前的理论知识储备和虚拟实习,实习过程中的定位导航、路线查看、数据采集、任务考核、照片视频和笔记记录、知识检索和安全保障等,实习后的成果评价、数据分析等任务需求,有效地提高了实习效果。

“GIS项目管理”应用型课程建设的探索和思考

文章以许昌学院“GIS项目管理”课程为研究对象,在深入分析和总结传统教学存在的不足和问题的基础上,围绕项目驱动课程内容重构、实施过程和课程评价等内容,介绍了该课程应用型建设和改革的方案,以及形成的做法和经验。