Governance of Marine Protected Areas： An Approach Using Public Participation Geographic Information Systems--The MARGov Project

The MARGov Project consisted in strengthening the interaction among the Professor Luiz Saldanha Marine Park stakeholders, and to collaboratively construct, with social and institutional actors, a governance model for the Marine Park, located in the municipality of Sesimbra （Portugal）. To pursue this goal, a PPGIS （public participation geographic information system） was developed, allowing the interaction, discussion and public participation of the stakeholders and actors involved. This PPGIS emerged as a crowdsourcing tool, with the purpose of assisting the georeferenced contributes from the local users of the Marine Park, regarding several relevant subjects, such as pollution, economic activities, opportunities and threats to the Marine Park, providing visual, analytical, and demonstrative qualities.

Integration of Location-Allocation and Accessibility Models in GIS to Improve Urban Planning for Health Services in Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia

In this study, accessibility and location-allocation models have been integrated into GIS to improve spatial planning and environmental sustainability of health services in Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah. This integration provides a planning framework in order to check the efficiency of the spatial allocation of health services and to generate alternatives either by proposing an active service or to improve an existing one. To achieve these objectives, the accessibility to the service area was analyzed within the analysis of health services networks, which are divided into eight types: public hospitals, specialized hospitals, health units, healthcare centers, infirmaries, clinic complexes, the Red Crescent Center, and ambulance facilities, with time intervals of (5 minutes - 10 minutes - 15 minutes) to access coverage ranges, and the location-allocation model was used based on the maximum coverage model within a response time not exceeding 15 minutes, The results of the study revealed the poor distribution of health services Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah suffers from weak accessibility to health services coverage areas and is unable to meet the needs of its population at present. The current need for health services reached twenty-four locations, including two public hospitals, three specialized hospitals, two health centers, three ambulance facilities, four infirmaries, three clinic complexes, four health units, and three Red Crescent centers.

ENERGY ASSESSMENT OF URBAN BUILDINGS BASED ON GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM

Urban building energy analysis has attracted more attention as the population living in cities increases as does the associated energy consumption in urban environments.This paper proposes a systematic bottom-up method to conduct energy analysis and assess energy saving potentials by combining dynamic engineering-based energy models,machine learning models,and global sensitivity analysis within the GIS(Geographic Information System)environment for large-scale urban buildings.This method includes five steps:database construction of building parameters,automation of creating building models at the GIS environment,construction of machine learning models for building energy assessment,sensitivity analysis for choosing energy saving measures,and GIS visual evaluation of energy saving schemes.Campus buildings in Tianjin(China)are used as a case study to demonstrate the application of the method proposed in this research.The results indicate that the method proposed here can provide reliable and fast analysis to evaluate the energy performance of urban buildings and determine effective energy saving measures to reduce energy consumption of urban buildings.Moreover,the GIS-based analysis is very useful to both create energy models of buildings and display energy analysis results for urban buildings.

GIS Application in Urban Flood Risk Analysis: Midar as a Case Study

The significance of this study lies in its exploration of the advanced applications of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in assessing urban flood risks, with a specific focus on Midar, Morocco. This research is pivotal as it showcases that GIS technology is not just a tool for mapping, but a critical component in urban planning and emergency management strategies. By meticulously identifying and mapping flood-prone areas in Midar, the study provides invaluable insights into the potential vulnerabilities of urban landscapes to flooding. Moreover, this research demonstrates the practical utility of GIS in mitigating material losses, a significant concern in flood-prone urban areas. The proactive approach proposed in this study, centered around the use of GIS, aims to safeguard Midar’s population and infrastructure from the devastating impacts of floods. This approach serves as a model for other urban areas facing similar challenges, highlighting the indispensable role of GIS in disaster preparedness and response. Overall, the study underscores the transformative potential of GIS in enhancing urban resilience, making it a crucial tool in the fight against natural disasters like floods.

Enhanced geographic information system-based mapping of local climate zones in Beijing, China

The vague urban-rural dichotomy severely restricts effective comparisons and communications among urban heat island studies.A local climate zone(LCZ) scheme has therefore been developed to classify urban and natural landscapes in a standardized and universal manner. Despite LCZ mapping efforts in worldwide cities, this study attempts to propose an enhanced geographic information system-based workflow to enable the hierarchical classification of LCZs with fewer indicators but higher accuracies while considering supplementary classes and subclasses. Specifically, five morphological and coverage indicators that were easily obtained and well differentiated among LCZs were derived from a city street map and satellite images, and 25 LCZs(including 16 standard, 3 supplementary, and 6 sub-classified zones) were determined at a block-level according to the indicator hierarchy and criteria. The method was performed over Beijing, China, and evaluations by field surveys and google earth images showed a high accuracy with little noise and sharp boundaries, outperforming the widely-used remote sensing-based method of the World Urban Database and Access Portal Tools, particularly in terms of building height and heavy industry. Results also demonstrate that the Beijing core was dominated by open(including extremely open) mid-rise buildings(28.7%) and open lowrise buildings(12.8%), forming an inner-low-middle-high-outer-low annular building-height pattern. Significant land surface temperature differences were detected among the LCZs, where the low-rise and compact LCZs had higher temperatures than the mid-/high-rise and open LCZs during daytime, and subclasses LCZ XB/C/D(LCZ XE/F) generated lower(higher) temperatures than their parent classes in May. This method was proposed to augment the LCZ mapping system and further support applications(e.g., urban planning/management and climate/weather modeling) in high-density cities similar to Beijing.

Spatial distribution characteristics of urban thermal conditions: application of GIS and remote sensing

The urban thermal distribution characteristics and its variation are dynamically monitored and synthetically analyzed by using GIS technology. The meteorological satellite data serve as main information source, assisted as auxiliary information sources by the landsat satellite TM data, land use thematic maps and meteorological observed data. A correlated pattern on the ground surface brightness temperatures and air temperatures has been studied and established with good performance of application.

基于GIS的青岛市绿地景观生态格局与网络构建

定量化研究绿地景观生态格局和网络构建能够为城市绿地系统和国土空间的科学规划提供理论依据与方法支撑。研究基于无线电高空测候(RS)和地理信息系统(GIS)技术,运用总体景观生态格局分析和梯度分析方法,选取12个景观指数,对沿海城市——青岛市的绿地景观生态格局从斑块类型水平和景观水平两方面进行了定量研究。结果表明:斑块类型水平上,区域绿地以大型斑块为主且占优势地位,防护绿地以大中型斑块为主,二者虽空间分布不均匀,但生态效益较好;附属绿地以中小型斑块为主,缺乏大面积绿地建设,景观破碎度高但符合公众游憩需求;公园绿地以小型斑块为主且数量较少,在城区集中分布。景观水平上,城市绿地景观类型较齐全,但整体破碎度高,中部地区景观破碎度高,南部与中北部地区绿地类型多样,景观破碎度高且景观形状较复杂。在此基础上,进而分析了青岛城市绿地景观生态格局存在的问题,提出了“一轴、三核、廊汇成网、节点密布”的城市绿地生态网络优化与构建方案,以提高各类城市绿地连接度水平,发挥绿地生态系统的整体效益。

Food Tourism Planning Support System within Urban Sightseeing Areas in Japan

The present study aimed to design, develop, operate and evaluate a tourism planning support system that can be used to decide on places to eat lunch and dinner, sightseeing spots to visit along the way, and routes for visiting these destinations. This system was developed by integrating a web geographic information system (Web-GIS) and a sightseeing plan creation system (an eatery search system and a sightseeing route creation system). Additionally, the system was operated for one month in Central Yokohama City of Kanagawa Prefecture in Japan, and the total number of users was 79. Based on the results of the web questionnaire survey, user evaluations were particularly high for the function of sightseeing spot selection and the function of display of sightseeing plan information, and also for the entire system. From the results of the access analysis of users’ log data, the total number of sessions in the system was 263, 67% used mobile devices, and smartphones were used most frequently. Therefore, it is evident that the system was used by different types of devices just as it was designed for, and that the system was used according to the purpose of the present study, which is to support the food tourism planning of users.

基于GIS的城市扩张监测与驱动力分析

准确的城市建设用地信息,能够反映城市扩张的动态变化,对于提供决策指导城市化建设和规划具有非常重要的意义。本文以南昌市作为研究区域,选取2000年、2010年、2020年三期30m全球地表覆盖数据(GlobeLand30)影像数据作为主要数据源,利用土地利用转移矩阵模型对城市用地变化情况的变化量和动态度进行定量分析,利用扩张指数模型等研究了南昌市20年间的扩张面积、速度、强度、紧凑度、分形维数、重心转移距离和扩张方位等,对城市扩张的驱动力进行了定性分析,并利用灰色关联分析法进行了定量分析。结果表明,南昌市经济和人口因素与城市扩张显著相关,研究内容在土地管理与合理利用土地、城市发展和规划以及城市的健康发展方面为管理部门提供了支持。

城乡规划专业GIS应用课程教学改革与探索

地理信息系统在城乡规划领域的应用日益广泛,已成为推动城乡规划科学化和现代化发展的重要工具。然而,在实践教学中,城乡规划专业GIS应用课程存在教学内容宽泛、针对性不强,教学方法单一、创新性不足,教学资源有限、支撑性不足,学生认知偏差、主动性不强等问题,本研究通过提出优化教学内容、创新教学模式、加强校企合作、完善考核方案等措施来应对当前存在的问题,以期为城乡规划专业GIS应用课程的发展提供借鉴与指导,促进城乡规划专业高质量发展。

Exploration of the spatial pattern of urban residential land use with geographically weighted regression technique: a case study of Nanjing,China

As the traditional methods and technical means cannot meet the quantitative research needs of the urban land use patterns, quantitative research methods for the urban land use pattern are established via the GIS （geographic information system ） technique combined with the related theories and models. Taking the city of Nanjing as an example, a spatial database of urban land use and other environmental and socio-economic data is constructed. A multiple linear regression model is developed to determine the statistically significant factors affecting the residential land use distributions. To explain the spatial variations of urban land use patterns, the geographically weighted regression （GWR） is employed to establish spatial associations between these significant factors and the distribution of urban residential land use. The results demonstrate that the GWR can provide an effective approach to the exploration of the urban land use spatial patterns and also provide useful spatial information for planning residential development and other types of urban land use.

GIS-Based Spatial Analysis for the Integrated Transport-Land Use-Energy Planning:An Application to the Greater London

This work focuses on examining the possible advantages for the urban sustainability,derived from the integration of transport,land use and energy systems.The main aim is to develop a GIS-based method that can help decision makers,either public or private,improve the economic,social and environmental sustainability of urban areas through an integrated transformation approach.As a result,it was possible to provide a spatial analysis technique based on seven synthetic variables and on the application of a cluster method able to identify the portions of urban areas where investments and urban integrated transformation processes can be more suitable,according to the dynamic relationships among transport,land use and energy systems.The methodology was applied to the Greater London area and led to significant results:the cluster classes follow the transport railway network evolution within the study area boundary.The paper is organized as follows:in Section 1 the integration of transport,land use and energy planning is investigated;following the introduction,in Section 2,the GIS-based method is presented,followed by a description of the application to the Greater London area;in Section 4,findings of the methodology are explained.In the last section,results and future developments are discussed.

应用型本科院校城乡规划专业GIS课程教学改革研究

地理信息系统(Geographic Information System,GIS)是城乡规划方案设计与编制、实施与管理的重要手段。应用型本科院校城乡规划专业中均开设了GIS课程,通过分析GIS课程的教学特点,针对当前应用型本科院校城乡规划专业GIS课程教学存在的问题,对GIS课程进行教学改革,增强课程教学效果,显著提升城乡规划专业学生熟练应用GIS平台解决城乡规划设计问题的能力,提高城乡规划专业的人才培养质量。

城市规划设计中地理信息系统(GIS)技术的应用

文章利用GIS技术获取了案例城市规划区相关数据,基于GIS软件的数字高程模型、地形坡度及坡向模型、现状三维模拟技术,结合水文条件分析及建设用地适宜性评价功能,构建出了规划区地形模型图、遥感数据叠加三维影像图、基地数字坡度图、地形改造区填方深度示意图、地形改造结构图、规划区地面汇水流线模拟图、城市建设用地适宜性评价图,分析了规划区的自然环境状况,计算了地形改造中的填方量及深度,验证了规划区的水系规划可行性,评价了规划区建设用地适用性,为该城市的规划设计方案科学制定提供了可靠参考。

一种基于GIS呈现的密集城区CRAN区分裂评估方法

文章提出了一种基于地理信息系统(Geographic Information System,GIS)呈现的密集城区集中无线接入网络(Centralized Radio Access Network,CRAN)区分裂评估方法。该方法利用GIS技术,通过数据收集和参数GIS呈现,综合评估CRAN区域内微网格的业务需求和设备接入能力。通过现网环路带宽分析和判断是否需要分裂,制订最优匹配调整CRAN范围和CRAN分裂回传组网的方案,满足网络的健康发展和适应未来需求。该方法为密集城区CRAN网络规划和优化提供了科学的参考和决策依据。

GIS技术在城乡规划设计中的应用及分析

随着社会经济的飞速发展及科学技术的日新月异,城乡一体化建设不断加快,人们的生产方式不断变化,生活水平进一步改善。城乡规划是实现城乡一体化发展的重要前提,本文从可持续发展的角度出发,把城乡规划与GIS技术有机地结合起来。这是一种行之有效的战略,其可以使城乡规划更加科学、合理,并有效地利用各种资源,更好地适应当前城乡融合发展的需要。

GIS技术在水利工程规划与管理中的应用

随着全球水资源压力日益加剧,水利工程的规划与管理显得尤为重要。为了提高水利工程项目的规划精度与管理效率,GIS(地理信息系统)技术的应用提供了一个高效的解决方案。文章通过分析GIS在水利工程选址、设计、维护及管理中的实际应用,展示了GIS技术如何在处理大规模空间数据、进行地形与水文分析、优化水资源管理中发挥关键作用。研究结果表明,GIS不仅能提高水利工程的设计精度,还能有效支持水利设施的维护和灾害管理,从而提升整个水资源系统的可持续性与安全性。

A GIS-based Spatial Analysis of Housing Price and Road Density in Proximity to Urban Lakes in Wuhan City, China

As one of the essential urban open spaces, lakes usually contribute immensely to the quality of residents′ daily lives. Different from hedonic approach employed in existing researches on urban open spaces in China, this paper integrates housing price surface with road density to analyze the spatial characteristics in proximity to urban lakes in Wuhan City, China. With the expansion of Wuhan City, urban lakes became polluted, they shrunk or even disappeared, leading to unfavorable conditions for sustainable development of the city. To better understand the spatial relationship between the city and lakes, we classify the urban lakes in Wuhan central area into ′lakes in the urban center′ and ′lakes in urban fringe′. Based on housing price surface we explore the spatial characteristics in proximity to different lakes and differences between the lakes. We also use Geographic Information System(GIS) tool to calculate road density as a supplementary indicator to reflect the accessibility in proximity to urban lakes. The results indicate that relative independence exists between different towns, and the spatial characteristics are different depending on scales and locations. In most of cases, the road density is lower where closer to the lakeshore while the housing price exhibits an opposite pattern. We conclude that city governments and urban planners should give more considerations to these spatial differences, somewhere should be better planned and protected as an important waterfront and somewhere the control of unreasonable real estate development nearby should be strengthened.

Models and Methods for Urban Power Distribution Network Planning

The models, methods and their application experiences of a practical GIS(geographic information system)-based computer decision-making support system of urban power distribution network planning with seven subsystems,termed CNP,are described.In each subsystem there is at least one or one set of practical mathematical methobs.Some new models and mathematical methods have been introduced.In the development of CNP the idea of cognitive system engineering has been insisted on,which claims that human and computer intelligence should be combined together to solve the complex engineering problems cooperatively.Practical applications have shown that not only the optimal plan can be automatically reached with many complicated factors considered, but also the computation,analysis and graphic drawing burden can be released considerably.

Urban flood risk assessment under rapid urbanization in Zhengzhou City,China

With accelerated urbanization and climate change,urban flooding is becoming more and more serious.Flood risk assessment is an important task for flood management,so it is crucial to map the spatial and temporal distribution of flood risk.This paper proposed an urban flood risk assessment method that takes into account the influences of hazard,vulnerability,and exposure,by constructing a multi-index urban flood risk assessment framework based on Geographic Information System(GIS).To determine the weight values of urban flood risk index factors,we used the analytic hierarchy process(AHP).Also,we plotted the temporal and spatial distribution maps of flood risk in Zhengzhou City in 2000,2005,2010,2015,and 2020.The analysis results showed that,the proportion of very high and high flood risk zone in Zhengzhou City was 1.362%,5.270%,4.936%,12.151%,and 24.236%in 2000,2005,2010,2015,and 2020,respectively.It is observed that the area of high flood risk zones in Zhengzhou City showed a trend of increasing and expanding,of which Dengfeng City,Xinzheng City,Xinmi City,and Zhongmu County had the fastest growth rate and the most obvious increase.The flood risk of Zhengzhou City has been expanding with the development of urbanization.The method is adapted to Zhengzhou City and will have good adaptability in other research areas,and its risk assessment results can provide a scientific reference for urban flood management personnel.In the future,the accuracy of flood risk assessment can be further improved by promoting the accuracy of basic data and reasonably determining the weight values of index factors.The risk zoning map can better reflect the risk distribution and provide a scientific basis for early warning of flood prevention and drainage.