This paper introduces the state of waterlands in China and discribes the applications of Remote Sensing （RS）, Geographical Information System （G1S） and Global Positioning System （GPS） in wetland research, includ...This paper introduces the state of waterlands in China and discribes the applications of Remote Sensing （RS）, Geographical Information System （G1S） and Global Positioning System （GPS） in wetland research, including land-coverclassification and change detection, wetland evolutionary processes, landscape-change analyses, channel migration, flood and wetlands resource monitoring and spatial quantitative analyses/modeling, ecosystem service evaluation, ecological processes and risk assessments, disease control, water quality monitoring/modeling, pollution monitoring/modeling, wetlands hydrology, wetland information systems and WebGIS. The limitations and needs for optimal use of these technologies are discussed, such as the limited advanced technical knowledge and skills, low awareness and capacity, unclear link between GIS output and policy making, lack of supporting policies and standards, lack of a wetlands geo-information networklimite, and the use of these techniques in wetland research. It is suggested that for realising true applications of RS, GIS and GPS technologies, the availability, accessibility, reliability, homogeneity, and continuity of wetlands-related geo-information enabling environment, policies and standards, and funding are needed.展开更多
Using soil data of the Second National Field Survey,the soil fertility of wetland ecosystem of Dongting Lake was evaluated by using the technology of GIS and method of fuzzy evaluation.Integrated with the wetland actu...Using soil data of the Second National Field Survey,the soil fertility of wetland ecosystem of Dongting Lake was evaluated by using the technology of GIS and method of fuzzy evaluation.Integrated with the wetland actuality of Dongting Lake and particularity of paddy,seven factors (including soil organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,total potassium,available phosphorus,available potassium,and pH value),closely related with soil fertility,were chosen to establish the index system of synthetical evaluation.Based on the effect degree of each selected index on soil fertility,a judgment matrix was built,and the weight coefficient was determined by the method of correlation coefficient.Finally,under the support of the spatial analysis module of GIS (Geographic Information System),the spatial distribution properties of soil fertility in wetland ecosystem of Dongting Lake were studied.The results show that the soil fertility of Dongting Lake wetland ecosystem is not very good,and the area of type III and type IV achieves 69.8%.As a result,many countermeasures should be taken to improve the soil fertility.As for the spatial properties,the soil fertility level of central and west Dongting Lake is much higher than that of north and south part.The soil fertility of paddy field surpasses that of red soil,and the contents of soil organic matter and total nitrogen in paddy field are large.展开更多
Historical thematic maps and remote sensing data were applied to address spatiotemporal dynamics of land use/land cover(LULC)changes and its impact on wetlands sustainability based on eight LULC datasets from 1954 to ...Historical thematic maps and remote sensing data were applied to address spatiotemporal dynamics of land use/land cover(LULC)changes and its impact on wetlands sustainability based on eight LULC datasets from 1954 to 2015 in Baoqing County,Northeast China.This study demonstrated that LULC drastically changed in the past six decades due to conversion of wetlands,woodland,and grassland into cropland.The cropland was 578.8 km^2 in 1954,accounting for 5.8% of the area in Baoqing County,and it increased to 54.3% in 2015,which was nearly equivalent to 9.4 times of that in 1954.Cropland increased 4843.6 km^2 from 1954 to 2015 with average increased area of 79.4 km^2/yr.The conversion of wetlands was the main reason for cropland increase(49.7%),and woodland(18%)and grassland(16.3%)conversion were other reasons.Results also revealed that 78% of wetlands were lost during the past six decades,of which 91.2% were converted cropland.Population increasing(population across Baoqing in 2015 was 7.8 times of that in 1949),agricultural technology development was the main reason for cropland increase,institutional and economic policies also played important roles for cropland dynamics,particularly paddy field influenced by market price.Agricultural development has caused severe wetlands degradation both in area and functionality,and still being the major threads for wetlands sustainable development.Several suggestions concerning the future land use policy formulation and wetlands sustainability were proposed.They are adjusting the‘food first’agricultural policy,reinforce management for wetlands nature reserves,creating infrastructure for the rational use of surface and groundwater,harnessing the degraded cultivated land.展开更多
当前配电网地理信息系统(geographical information system,GIS)与数据采集监控系统(supenvisory control and data acquisiton,SCADA)的集成策略存在着功能重复、数据描述及界面不统一等问题。通过对2系统的功能结构进行分析,引进组件...当前配电网地理信息系统(geographical information system,GIS)与数据采集监控系统(supenvisory control and data acquisiton,SCADA)的集成策略存在着功能重复、数据描述及界面不统一等问题。通过对2系统的功能结构进行分析,引进组件对象模型技术,对各个功能模块在底层开发平台上进行集成,避免了重复开发,还提供了开放的子接口以便进行灵活的二次开发。对集成系统数据库的结构进行了分析,利用ActiveX数据对象技术等对数据库进行统一管理,GIS与SCADA等子系统之间基于平台接口函数直接交换数据,实现了无缝连接,保证了数据的一致性和系统的实时性。展开更多
基金This project was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 30270275） Acknowledgement We thank State Forest Administration and the Chinese Academy of Sciences with its many research institutes for providing the information required for this paper. Also, a sincere thank to Bai Yajun for her patience and endless support in discussions and email correspondence.
文摘This paper introduces the state of waterlands in China and discribes the applications of Remote Sensing （RS）, Geographical Information System （G1S） and Global Positioning System （GPS） in wetland research, including land-coverclassification and change detection, wetland evolutionary processes, landscape-change analyses, channel migration, flood and wetlands resource monitoring and spatial quantitative analyses/modeling, ecosystem service evaluation, ecological processes and risk assessments, disease control, water quality monitoring/modeling, pollution monitoring/modeling, wetlands hydrology, wetland information systems and WebGIS. The limitations and needs for optimal use of these technologies are discussed, such as the limited advanced technical knowledge and skills, low awareness and capacity, unclear link between GIS output and policy making, lack of supporting policies and standards, lack of a wetlands geo-information networklimite, and the use of these techniques in wetland research. It is suggested that for realising true applications of RS, GIS and GPS technologies, the availability, accessibility, reliability, homogeneity, and continuity of wetlands-related geo-information enabling environment, policies and standards, and funding are needed.
基金Projects(40971170,51039001) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2007AA10Z222) supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China
文摘Using soil data of the Second National Field Survey,the soil fertility of wetland ecosystem of Dongting Lake was evaluated by using the technology of GIS and method of fuzzy evaluation.Integrated with the wetland actuality of Dongting Lake and particularity of paddy,seven factors (including soil organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,total potassium,available phosphorus,available potassium,and pH value),closely related with soil fertility,were chosen to establish the index system of synthetical evaluation.Based on the effect degree of each selected index on soil fertility,a judgment matrix was built,and the weight coefficient was determined by the method of correlation coefficient.Finally,under the support of the spatial analysis module of GIS (Geographic Information System),the spatial distribution properties of soil fertility in wetland ecosystem of Dongting Lake were studied.The results show that the soil fertility of Dongting Lake wetland ecosystem is not very good,and the area of type III and type IV achieves 69.8%.As a result,many countermeasures should be taken to improve the soil fertility.As for the spatial properties,the soil fertility level of central and west Dongting Lake is much higher than that of north and south part.The soil fertility of paddy field surpasses that of red soil,and the contents of soil organic matter and total nitrogen in paddy field are large.
基金Under the auspices of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41730104,41701423)the ‘One Hundred Talents’ Program Granted to Dr. Kaishan+1 种基金the National Key Research and Development Project(No.2016YFB0501502,2016YFA0602301-1)The Chifeng College Academician Expert Workstation Project(No.CFXYYS201702)
文摘Historical thematic maps and remote sensing data were applied to address spatiotemporal dynamics of land use/land cover(LULC)changes and its impact on wetlands sustainability based on eight LULC datasets from 1954 to 2015 in Baoqing County,Northeast China.This study demonstrated that LULC drastically changed in the past six decades due to conversion of wetlands,woodland,and grassland into cropland.The cropland was 578.8 km^2 in 1954,accounting for 5.8% of the area in Baoqing County,and it increased to 54.3% in 2015,which was nearly equivalent to 9.4 times of that in 1954.Cropland increased 4843.6 km^2 from 1954 to 2015 with average increased area of 79.4 km^2/yr.The conversion of wetlands was the main reason for cropland increase(49.7%),and woodland(18%)and grassland(16.3%)conversion were other reasons.Results also revealed that 78% of wetlands were lost during the past six decades,of which 91.2% were converted cropland.Population increasing(population across Baoqing in 2015 was 7.8 times of that in 1949),agricultural technology development was the main reason for cropland increase,institutional and economic policies also played important roles for cropland dynamics,particularly paddy field influenced by market price.Agricultural development has caused severe wetlands degradation both in area and functionality,and still being the major threads for wetlands sustainable development.Several suggestions concerning the future land use policy formulation and wetlands sustainability were proposed.They are adjusting the‘food first’agricultural policy,reinforce management for wetlands nature reserves,creating infrastructure for the rational use of surface and groundwater,harnessing the degraded cultivated land.
文摘当前配电网地理信息系统(geographical information system,GIS)与数据采集监控系统(supenvisory control and data acquisiton,SCADA)的集成策略存在着功能重复、数据描述及界面不统一等问题。通过对2系统的功能结构进行分析,引进组件对象模型技术,对各个功能模块在底层开发平台上进行集成,避免了重复开发,还提供了开放的子接口以便进行灵活的二次开发。对集成系统数据库的结构进行了分析,利用ActiveX数据对象技术等对数据库进行统一管理,GIS与SCADA等子系统之间基于平台接口函数直接交换数据,实现了无缝连接,保证了数据的一致性和系统的实时性。
