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Appraisal of the Production-Oriented Approach: An Introduction 被引量:4
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作者 濮实 《Chinese Journal of Applied Linguistics》 SCIE 2017年第4期452-453,共2页
The production-oriented approach (POA) has been developed over a decade. It is driven by the need to improve English classroom instruction for university students in China (Wen, 2016). It is also motivated by the ... The production-oriented approach (POA) has been developed over a decade. It is driven by the need to improve English classroom instruction for university students in China (Wen, 2016). It is also motivated by the aspiration to enhance the quality of foreign language education in other similar pedagogical contexts outside China. A volume of research has been done by Wen Qiufang and her research team, to formulate the theory of POA and to test its effectiveness in classroom pedagogy (e.g. Wen, 2016, 2015; Yang, 2015; Zhang, 2015). At the moment, the POA is still at an early stage of theory building and almost all empirical research is done in the Chinese context. In order to improve the quality of this theory and to make it intelligible to the international academic community, a one-day symposium was held in Beijing Foreign Studies University on May 15, 2017. The symposium was entitled 'The first international forum on innovative foreign language education in China: Appraisal of the POA'. In the forum, leading experts in applied linguistics were invited to discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the POA and the directions for its future development. The symposium was the first attempt for the POA research team to discuss its latest work with international scholars. This Viewpoint section collects the responses of four experts who participated in the symposium, listed in alphabetical order. The collection of articles covers three topics related to the POA: its pedagogical application, its use for teacher training, and its research. Alister Cumming is Professor Emeritus and the former Head of the Centre for Educational Research on Languages and Literacies, University of Toronto, Canada. His article focuses primarily on POA research as an exemplary case of design-based research. Rod Ellis is Research Professor in the School of Education at Curtin University, Australia. He discusses POA in terms of pedagogy, teacher training and research, with both critiques and constructive suggestions. Paul Kei Matsuda is Professor of English and Director of Second Language Writing at Arizona State University, the writed states. He responds to POA from the perspective of an expert researcher and teacher of L2 writing. Charlene Polio is Professor and Associate Chair in the Department of Linguistics & Germanic, Slavic, Asian & African Languages atMichigan State University, the writed states. She conceptualises POA as a useful method to address some issues in pre-service teacher development. Overall, the articles in this section are insightful and reader-friendly. They are not only useful for the development of POA in particular, but may also be valuable to a broad range of researchers as they touch upon pertaining issues, as well as emerging topics, in the field of applied linguistics. We therefore find it necessary to make them accessible to a wide readership. 展开更多
关键词 The production-oriented approach (POA) has been developed over a decade. It is driven by the need to improve English classroom instruction for university students in China (Wen 2016). It is also motivated by the aspiration to enhance the quality of foreign language education in other similar pedagogical contexts outside China. A volume of research has been done by Wen Qiufang and her research team to formulate the theory of POA and to test its effectiveness in classroom pedagogy (e.g. Wen 2016 2015 Yang 2015 Zhang 2015). At the moment the POA is still at an early stage of theory building and almost all empirical research is done in the Chinese context. In order to improve the quality of this theory and to make it intelligible to the international academic community a one-day symposium was held in Beijing Foreign Studies University on May 15 2017. The symposium was entitled 'The first international forum on innovative foreign language education in China: Appraisal of the POA'. In the forum leading experts in applied linguistics were invited to discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the POA and the directions for its future development. The symposium was the first attempt for the POA research team to discuss its latest work with international scholars. This Viewpoint section collects the responses of four experts who participated in the symposium listed in alphabetical order. The collection of articles covers three topics related to the POA: its pedagogical application its use for teacher training and its research. Alister Cumming is Professor Emeritus and the former Head of the Centre for Educational Research on Languages and Literacies University of Toronto Canada. His article focuses primarily on POA research as an exemplary case of design-based research. Rod Ellis is Research Professor in the School of Education at Curtin University Australia. He discusses POA in terms of pedagogy teacher training and research with both critiques and constructive suggestions. Paul Kei Matsuda is Professor of English and Director of Second Language Writing at Arizona State University the writed states. He responds to POA from the perspective of an expert researcher and teacher of L2 writing. Charlene Polio is Professor and Associate Chair in the Department of Linguistics germanic Slavic Asian african Languages atMichigan State University the writed states. She conceptualises POA as a useful method to address some issues in pre-service teacher development. Overall the articles in this section are insightful and reader-friendly. They are not only useful for the development of POA in particular but may also be valuable to a broad range of researchers as they touch upon pertaining issues as well as emerging topics in the field of applied linguistics. We therefore find it necessary to make them accessible to a wide readership.
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德国与非洲安全合作的新动向及发展趋势 被引量:8
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作者 周瑾艳 《西亚非洲》 CSSCI 北大核心 2017年第5期42-66,共25页
自2014年以来,随着德国外交政策的转型,德国对非安全政策正由被动应对向积极有所作为方向转变,但德国对于自身作为文明力量、欧洲国家的定位,以及德国国内对军事手段根深蒂固的克制文化并没有发生改变。因此,德国主要通过政治、外交与... 自2014年以来,随着德国外交政策的转型,德国对非安全政策正由被动应对向积极有所作为方向转变,但德国对于自身作为文明力量、欧洲国家的定位,以及德国国内对军事手段根深蒂固的克制文化并没有发生改变。因此,德国主要通过政治、外交与发展等手段,综合运用贸易协定、发展援助、人道主义援助、机制建设、警察培训、政治对话等政策工具,实现与非洲的安全合作;强调优先采用非军事手段,但不排除必要时采取军事行动。由此,德国逐渐形成了以发展合作与和平安全相结合、危机预防为主、多边主义优先、审慎使用军事部署为特征的综合性对非安全政策取向。从《德国对非洲政策指南》到《非洲马歇尔计划》,其中涵盖的内容充分体现了这一点。导致德国对非安全政策发生上述变化的原因在于:德国在国际舞台上影响力渐升,传统的对外安全合作理念与行为不符合其新的国家身份定位;非洲安全情势发生变化,国际社会与公众舆论对于德国更多地承担国际安全治理充满期待。未来,基于德国的"发展-安全"观,德非安全合作会进一步深化。 展开更多
关键词 德非关系 安全合作 《德国对非洲政策指南》《非洲马歇尔计划》 “发展-安全”观
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