What’s New in Germany’s Cooperation with Africa?

Germany has gradually increased its investment in Africa.In addition to promoting traditional economic and trade cooperation,Germany has paid more attention to security issues in Africa and to improved cooperation in defense,immigration and counter-terrorism.As Germany explores new models of development aid and encourages renewable energy and environmental protection in African countries,German capability and willingness to cooperate with African nations are on the rise.While Germany welcomes the African consumer market,historic problems centering on value differences and the European Union’s diplomatic constraints obstruct German-African cooperation over the short term.Germany promotes trilateral cooperation with China and Africa but encounters several challenges within its forward momentum.

德国与非洲安全合作的新动向及发展趋势

自2014年以来,随着德国外交政策的转型,德国对非安全政策正由被动应对向积极有所作为方向转变,但德国对于自身作为文明力量、欧洲国家的定位,以及德国国内对军事手段根深蒂固的克制文化并没有发生改变。因此,德国主要通过政治、外交与发展等手段,综合运用贸易协定、发展援助、人道主义援助、机制建设、警察培训、政治对话等政策工具,实现与非洲的安全合作;强调优先采用非军事手段,但不排除必要时采取军事行动。由此,德国逐渐形成了以发展合作与和平安全相结合、危机预防为主、多边主义优先、审慎使用军事部署为特征的综合性对非安全政策取向。从《德国对非洲政策指南》到《非洲马歇尔计划》,其中涵盖的内容充分体现了这一点。导致德国对非安全政策发生上述变化的原因在于:德国在国际舞台上影响力渐升,传统的对外安全合作理念与行为不符合其新的国家身份定位;非洲安全情势发生变化,国际社会与公众舆论对于德国更多地承担国际安全治理充满期待。未来,基于德国的"发展-安全"观,德非安全合作会进一步深化。