This thesis analyzes the book King Gesar and its English version through cognitive metaphors or concept metaphors.It studies on the three types of metaphors among them and the target domain coming from emotions,nature...This thesis analyzes the book King Gesar and its English version through cognitive metaphors or concept metaphors.It studies on the three types of metaphors among them and the target domain coming from emotions,nature and animals.Its purpose is to provide a cognitive understanding for translation practices.展开更多
“Gesar”Thangka is an important type of Tibetan Tangka.With the generation and spread of Gesar epic,“Gesar”Thangka is also undergoing complex historical changes in the social and historical process of Tibetan areas...“Gesar”Thangka is an important type of Tibetan Tangka.With the generation and spread of Gesar epic,“Gesar”Thangka is also undergoing complex historical changes in the social and historical process of Tibetan areas.Since the 1980s,in the context of the rescue of Gesar epic,the rise of market economy,and the protection of intangible cultural heritage,“Gesar”Thangkar has gained creative vitality and experienced modern changes,presenting the aesthetic characteristics of secularization,sanctification,and art.展开更多
The Gesar Epic is not only a literary work and cultural icon of the Tibetan people but a symbol of maintaining ethnic boundaries.In particular,in the community mixed with both Hor and Tibetan residents,the cultural me...The Gesar Epic is not only a literary work and cultural icon of the Tibetan people but a symbol of maintaining ethnic boundaries.In particular,in the community mixed with both Hor and Tibetan residents,the cultural memory of Gesar is considered as one of the greatest distinguishing factors to tell the Self Group from the Other-Group.Khre-Tse Sde-Bzhi(referring to the four villages),a marginal group in Tibetan-inhabited area of Rebgong,is called Hor or DorDo by local Tibetans.When it comes to ethnic identification,the ethnic group is commonly recognized as Tu ethnicity.In fact,in the community of Khre-Tse Sde-Bzhi,local residents are distinguished by whether they are Hor(a branch of Mongolian language family)or Bod(Tibetan);moreover,there remains a relatively obvious sense of ethnic identity.And yet,in addition to the dominant characteristics of local languages,it is the Gesar culture that has become one of the main features to differentiate between Bod and Hor.More importantly,people of Bod and Hor identify themselves by whether the others tell the complete version of the Gesar Epic or whether they have the authentic King Gesar enshrined,in order to determine their cultural identity.展开更多
King Gesar,an epic created orally by the Tibetans long ago,covers ethnic groups, language,religion,civil affairs,literature and arts, history,politics,military,ethic,ecology and psychology.etc.Thus it is viewed as Tib...King Gesar,an epic created orally by the Tibetans long ago,covers ethnic groups, language,religion,civil affairs,literature and arts, history,politics,military,ethic,ecology and psychology.etc.Thus it is viewed as Tibetan encyclopedia.A study of the epic shows that in view of the forefathers of the Tibetans,man and nature both have souls and are equal life forms with religious dignity.It is mainly represented in following aspects.the idea of“respecting life and nature”as its core.展开更多
King Gesar is an encyclopedia with contents covering social develop-ment, history, wars, religious belief, folklore, linguistics and exchanges between different tribes.In Tibet, folk balladeers declare they can sing u...King Gesar is an encyclopedia with contents covering social develop-ment, history, wars, religious belief, folklore, linguistics and exchanges between different tribes.In Tibet, folk balladeers declare they can sing up to 1,000 volumes of the epic, passed down through history orally and enriched in contents by the public themselves. The Central Government sets great store by the gathering, compiling and publishing of the epic, considered to be展开更多
Effort made to preserve King Gesar began soon after the end of the chaotic "cultural revolution" (1966-76). In 1980, the Tibet Autonomous Region set up an office to deal with the work; it was placed under th...Effort made to preserve King Gesar began soon after the end of the chaotic "cultural revolution" (1966-76). In 1980, the Tibet Autonomous Region set up an office to deal with the work; it was placed under the Tibet Academy of Social Sciences in 1985.Office members found a total of 40-odd folk balladeers able to sing the epic. They ranged from the elderly to youngsters. Nineteen of them were invited to put their voice on tape, and 122 volumes of the singing editions were recorded on 4,500 tapes.展开更多
Rope and other patterns on pottery unearthed from the Karub cultural sites, dating back some 5,000 years, are considered to be the earliest examples of painting art known so far. Rock paintings believed to have come l...Rope and other patterns on pottery unearthed from the Karub cultural sites, dating back some 5,000 years, are considered to be the earliest examples of painting art known so far. Rock paintings believed to have come later constitute the embryo of Tibetan painting art.Tangka painting is closely related to frescoes in terms of painting art. Tangka is created to reproduce what is painted in the fresco. Cultures prevalent in China’s hinterland, India and Nepal exerted deep influence on Tibetan painting art.Both Princess Wencheng and Princess Jincheng brought the Han Chinese culture into Tibet, which proved to be a boon for the development of Tibetan painting art. With construction of the Potala Palace, Jokhang, Qamzhub and other monasteries, Tibetan painting art developed apace. Frescoes in Jokhang Monastery, Qamzhub Monastery and Potala Palace, still visible today, feature a simple nature, with rich colors and concise lines, while figures were painted in展开更多
King Gesar has been circulating among Tibetans for some 1,000 years or more.The longest epic in the world, passed down through the ages in the oral form, has even drawn the concern of the international community. UNES...King Gesar has been circulating among Tibetans for some 1,000 years or more.The longest epic in the world, passed down through the ages in the oral form, has even drawn the concern of the international community. UNESCO has approved activities in honor of the millennium of the epic. Public opinion hails this as a major event important for the protection of traditional Tibetan culture and the promotion of various ethnic groups in the world.The epic is a concentration of ancient tales, legends, sayings, and various kinds of folk arts. Thus far, 150 volumes have been located; they contain some 1.5 milion lines.展开更多
Tibetan folk artists created and passed down through succeeding generations the story of King Gesar. All of them had an extraordinarily good memory. Of the known editions of the epic, only 10 percent are in written fo...Tibetan folk artists created and passed down through succeeding generations the story of King Gesar. All of them had an extraordinarily good memory. Of the known editions of the epic, only 10 percent are in written form with the remainder have been sung and passed down through history orally.A general survey of the folk editions of the epic in the 1980s showed that some 40 folk balladeers could sing more than 10 editions of King Gesar. Efforts have since been made to save, compile and publish these. Thus far, we have recorded 122 volumes of the epic in展开更多
Recently, we interviewed Cewang Jigmei, President of the Tibet Academy of Social Sciences, on the efforts Tibet has made to save King Gesar.QUESTION: The 31st UNESCO Session held in Paris in October 2001 decided unani...Recently, we interviewed Cewang Jigmei, President of the Tibet Academy of Social Sciences, on the efforts Tibet has made to save King Gesar.QUESTION: The 31st UNESCO Session held in Paris in October 2001 decided unanimously to include activities to celebrate the millennium anniversary of King Gesar in the list of projects undertaken with UNESCO involvement in 2002-2003. Could you please tell me your views on this?ANSWER: This shows the international recognition of, and appreciation for, the展开更多
In November 2001, UNESCO approved China’s proposal for celebrating the millennium anniversary of King Gesar in 2002-2003. The Chinese deem this as a confirmation of their efforts to rescue, compile, translate and pub...In November 2001, UNESCO approved China’s proposal for celebrating the millennium anniversary of King Gesar in 2002-2003. The Chinese deem this as a confirmation of their efforts to rescue, compile, translate and publish the longest epic in the world. Efforts have since been made to prepare for the event. The National King Gesar Office joined hands with local branch offices to sponsor celebration activities from last June.——Garze in Sichuan held a meeting in the hometown of Gesar in June;展开更多
文摘This thesis analyzes the book King Gesar and its English version through cognitive metaphors or concept metaphors.It studies on the three types of metaphors among them and the target domain coming from emotions,nature and animals.Its purpose is to provide a cognitive understanding for translation practices.
基金the National Social Science Foundation in 2017:stage achievement of"The Study of'Gesar'Thangka in the Inheritance of Tibetan Epic Culture"(Project Number 17BH153)the stage achievements of 2017 National Social Science Foundation major project"Investigation and Research on Image Culture of Hero Epic'Gesar'and Database Construction"(Project Number 17ZDA160).
文摘“Gesar”Thangka is an important type of Tibetan Tangka.With the generation and spread of Gesar epic,“Gesar”Thangka is also undergoing complex historical changes in the social and historical process of Tibetan areas.Since the 1980s,in the context of the rescue of Gesar epic,the rise of market economy,and the protection of intangible cultural heritage,“Gesar”Thangkar has gained creative vitality and experienced modern changes,presenting the aesthetic characteristics of secularization,sanctification,and art.
基金This paper is financially funded by the Belief Mechanism of“Harmony and Co-existence”and Survival Strategy of Tu Ethnic Groupsunder the Impact of Sino-Tibetan Culture(19MZWT07),a special fund project for Research Center for studies of Ethnic groups in Northwest China of Northwest Minzu University in 2019.This paper is the phased achievement of Research on Religious Diversity Dialogue Symbiosis and Gesar Belief of Hor People on the Sino-Tibetan Marginal Areas(17xmz073)funded by Annual National Social Science Fund Project in 2017,and is the phased research on the Multi-ethnic Epic and Oral Tradition(31920180110)funded by basic scientific research business of central universities.
文摘The Gesar Epic is not only a literary work and cultural icon of the Tibetan people but a symbol of maintaining ethnic boundaries.In particular,in the community mixed with both Hor and Tibetan residents,the cultural memory of Gesar is considered as one of the greatest distinguishing factors to tell the Self Group from the Other-Group.Khre-Tse Sde-Bzhi(referring to the four villages),a marginal group in Tibetan-inhabited area of Rebgong,is called Hor or DorDo by local Tibetans.When it comes to ethnic identification,the ethnic group is commonly recognized as Tu ethnicity.In fact,in the community of Khre-Tse Sde-Bzhi,local residents are distinguished by whether they are Hor(a branch of Mongolian language family)or Bod(Tibetan);moreover,there remains a relatively obvious sense of ethnic identity.And yet,in addition to the dominant characteristics of local languages,it is the Gesar culture that has become one of the main features to differentiate between Bod and Hor.More importantly,people of Bod and Hor identify themselves by whether the others tell the complete version of the Gesar Epic or whether they have the authentic King Gesar enshrined,in order to determine their cultural identity.
文摘King Gesar,an epic created orally by the Tibetans long ago,covers ethnic groups, language,religion,civil affairs,literature and arts, history,politics,military,ethic,ecology and psychology.etc.Thus it is viewed as Tibetan encyclopedia.A study of the epic shows that in view of the forefathers of the Tibetans,man and nature both have souls and are equal life forms with religious dignity.It is mainly represented in following aspects.the idea of“respecting life and nature”as its core.
文摘King Gesar is an encyclopedia with contents covering social develop-ment, history, wars, religious belief, folklore, linguistics and exchanges between different tribes.In Tibet, folk balladeers declare they can sing up to 1,000 volumes of the epic, passed down through history orally and enriched in contents by the public themselves. The Central Government sets great store by the gathering, compiling and publishing of the epic, considered to be
文摘Effort made to preserve King Gesar began soon after the end of the chaotic "cultural revolution" (1966-76). In 1980, the Tibet Autonomous Region set up an office to deal with the work; it was placed under the Tibet Academy of Social Sciences in 1985.Office members found a total of 40-odd folk balladeers able to sing the epic. They ranged from the elderly to youngsters. Nineteen of them were invited to put their voice on tape, and 122 volumes of the singing editions were recorded on 4,500 tapes.
文摘Rope and other patterns on pottery unearthed from the Karub cultural sites, dating back some 5,000 years, are considered to be the earliest examples of painting art known so far. Rock paintings believed to have come later constitute the embryo of Tibetan painting art.Tangka painting is closely related to frescoes in terms of painting art. Tangka is created to reproduce what is painted in the fresco. Cultures prevalent in China’s hinterland, India and Nepal exerted deep influence on Tibetan painting art.Both Princess Wencheng and Princess Jincheng brought the Han Chinese culture into Tibet, which proved to be a boon for the development of Tibetan painting art. With construction of the Potala Palace, Jokhang, Qamzhub and other monasteries, Tibetan painting art developed apace. Frescoes in Jokhang Monastery, Qamzhub Monastery and Potala Palace, still visible today, feature a simple nature, with rich colors and concise lines, while figures were painted in
文摘King Gesar has been circulating among Tibetans for some 1,000 years or more.The longest epic in the world, passed down through the ages in the oral form, has even drawn the concern of the international community. UNESCO has approved activities in honor of the millennium of the epic. Public opinion hails this as a major event important for the protection of traditional Tibetan culture and the promotion of various ethnic groups in the world.The epic is a concentration of ancient tales, legends, sayings, and various kinds of folk arts. Thus far, 150 volumes have been located; they contain some 1.5 milion lines.
文摘Tibetan folk artists created and passed down through succeeding generations the story of King Gesar. All of them had an extraordinarily good memory. Of the known editions of the epic, only 10 percent are in written form with the remainder have been sung and passed down through history orally.A general survey of the folk editions of the epic in the 1980s showed that some 40 folk balladeers could sing more than 10 editions of King Gesar. Efforts have since been made to save, compile and publish these. Thus far, we have recorded 122 volumes of the epic in
文摘Recently, we interviewed Cewang Jigmei, President of the Tibet Academy of Social Sciences, on the efforts Tibet has made to save King Gesar.QUESTION: The 31st UNESCO Session held in Paris in October 2001 decided unanimously to include activities to celebrate the millennium anniversary of King Gesar in the list of projects undertaken with UNESCO involvement in 2002-2003. Could you please tell me your views on this?ANSWER: This shows the international recognition of, and appreciation for, the
文摘In November 2001, UNESCO approved China’s proposal for celebrating the millennium anniversary of King Gesar in 2002-2003. The Chinese deem this as a confirmation of their efforts to rescue, compile, translate and publish the longest epic in the world. Efforts have since been made to prepare for the event. The National King Gesar Office joined hands with local branch offices to sponsor celebration activities from last June.——Garze in Sichuan held a meeting in the hometown of Gesar in June;
