The seasonal fluctuation of the plasmodia ofMyxobolus gibelioiWu et Wang, 1982 in the gill filaments of the allogynogenetic gibel carpCarassius auratus gibelio(Bloch) in a fish pond in Hubei Province of China was inve...The seasonal fluctuation of the plasmodia ofMyxobolus gibelioiWu et Wang, 1982 in the gill filaments of the allogynogenetic gibel carpCarassius auratus gibelio(Bloch) in a fish pond in Hubei Province of China was investigated from August 1999 to July 2000. A total of 445 fish was examined; the overall prevalence of the plasmodium infection in the fish was 64.94% and mean abundance of plasmodia was 11.65 ± 27.85 (mean ± SD). Significant seasonal changes in prevalence and mean abundance, with higher levels of the plasmodia infection from late spring to autumn, were observed.展开更多
Specific immunoglobulin (IgY) from egg yolk against Aeromonas hydrophila was produced by immunization of White Leghorn hens with formalin-killed whole cells of A. hydrophila. ELISA test using A. hydrophila as the coat...Specific immunoglobulin (IgY) from egg yolk against Aeromonas hydrophila was produced by immunization of White Leghorn hens with formalin-killed whole cells of A. hydrophila. ELISA test using A. hydrophila as the coating antigen revealed that the specific antibody titer started to increase in the egg yolk at the 13th day post-immunization (P/N=2.18), reached the peak at the 56th day (P/N=13.82), and remained at high level until day 133 (P/N=7.03). The antibody was purified by saturated ammonium sulphate with a recovery rate of 63.5%. The specific IgY inhibited the growth of A. hydrophila at a concentration of 1.0 mg/ml during the 18 h incubation. Pre-treatment of polyploid gibel carps Carassius auratus Gibelio with specific IgY had a protection rate of 60% (6/10) against challenge with A. hydrophila, while none of the fishes in the control groups receiving sterile phosphate buffered saline (PBS) or non-specific IgY survived the challenge. Treatment of fishes with the specific IgY 4 h after the challenge also had lower mortality (70%, 7/10), a 30% reduction against the control PBS or non-specific IgY groups (10/10). These results indicate that specific IgY antibodies could be obtained easily from hens immunized with an inactivated A. hydrophila and could provide a novel alternative approach to control of diseases in fishes caused by this organism.展开更多
Frequent outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases in fish,such as Carassius auratus herpesvirus(CaHV)infection has caused great economic losses in China.However,the lack of a sensitive cell culture system has limited...Frequent outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases in fish,such as Carassius auratus herpesvirus(CaHV)infection has caused great economic losses in China.However,the lack of a sensitive cell culture system has limited studies of CaHV.In the present study,a new cell line(gibel carp skin cell,GiCS)derived from gibel carp(Carassius gibelio)skin tissue was established to create a valuable tool for research of the virus.The GiCS cells consisted mainly of epithelial-like cells,which grew well at 25℃in L-15 medium supplemented with 10–20%fetal bovine serum.Chromosomal analysis revealed that the skin cell line remained amphitriploid,with most chromosome counts being 156(54%).The GiCS cells can be efficiently transfected and expressed exogenous genes.In particular,the GiCS cells showed high susceptibility to CaHV infection,which was confirmed by virus infection tests,detection of viral gene expression,and ultrastructural observation.To our knowledge,it is the first cell line that is highly permissive to CaHV infection.In addition,the cells also showed susceptibility to several aquatic animal viruses from different families including Iridoviridae,Rhabdoviridae,and Reoviridae.In conclusion,these results indicated that the establishment of the GiCS cell line is a significant advance that will be beneficial to future studies of CaHV and other aquatic animal viruses.展开更多
Cyprinid herpesvirus II （CyHV-2） infection is identi- fied in cultured gibel carp, Carassius auratus gibelio, with high mortality in China in recent years. Histological pathology includes acute hepatocellular necros...Cyprinid herpesvirus II （CyHV-2） infection is identi- fied in cultured gibel carp, Carassius auratus gibelio, with high mortality in China in recent years. Histological pathology includes acute hepatocellular necrosis, splenic necrosis, kidney necrosis, hyperplasia of the secondary lamellae with focal necrosis. Acute necrotic myocarditis and granulocytes are prominent within the cardiac lumen in infected fish. In addition, necrosis is observed in the submucosa and mucosa epithelium of intestinal tract. Edemas are observed in renal glomerulus, submucosa and mucosa epithe- lium of intestinal tract, myocardial cells and neurons. Transmis- sion electron microscopy indicates the cytoplasmic inclusions in splenocytes, glomerulus cells and hematopoietic tissue cells of kidney, epithelial cells of gills and brain cells. The histopathology and ultrastructural pathology in CyHV-2 infected gibel carp are characterized with extensive necrosis and cytoplasmic inclusions in spleen, kidney, gill and brain, which suggests that CyHV-2 may mainly infect the spleen, kidney, gill and brain of fish.展开更多
实验以异育银鲫"中科3号"幼鱼(3.2±0.5)g为实验对象,研究螺旋藻粉蛋白替代饲料鱼粉蛋白(0、20%、40%、60%、80%和100%)对鱼摄食、生长、饲料利用和蛋白沉积的影响。实验设计了6种等氮(38%)等脂(10%)等能(16.50 k J)的饲...实验以异育银鲫"中科3号"幼鱼(3.2±0.5)g为实验对象,研究螺旋藻粉蛋白替代饲料鱼粉蛋白(0、20%、40%、60%、80%和100%)对鱼摄食、生长、饲料利用和蛋白沉积的影响。实验设计了6种等氮(38%)等脂(10%)等能(16.50 k J)的饲料,每处理3个重复。采用室内循环水养殖系统,表观饱食投喂。实验水温为(28±3)℃,实验共持续60d。结果发现:随藻粉替代比例的增加,鱼摄食率显著上升;饲料效率则呈显著下降趋势;特定生长率在20%替代组与鱼粉组无显著差异(P>0.05),其他各替代组均显著低于鱼粉组(P<0.05);蛋白沉积率在20%、60%替代时与鱼粉组无显著差异(P>0.05),其他替代组显著低于鱼粉组(P<0.05);肥满度在各替代组均显著低于鱼粉组(P<0.05);鱼体蛋白随藻粉替代比例的增加呈现先持平后降低的趋势,鱼体脂肪则呈先降低后升高的变化;20%、40%和60%替代组全鱼灰分均高于全鱼粉组;肠道消化酶(胰蛋白酶、脂肪酶和α-淀粉酶)在替代组和对照组间均无显著差异(P>0.05);干物质表观消化率随藻粉蛋白替代比例的增加而呈显著上升,蛋白的表观消化率则呈显著下降趋势,总磷表观消化率在20%替代时最低,在100%替代时最高。综合特定生长率和蛋白沉积率情况,当鲫幼鱼饲料中鱼粉含量约为50%,且鱼粉为唯一蛋白源时,螺旋藻粉蛋白可替代饲料中20%鱼粉蛋白。展开更多
文摘The seasonal fluctuation of the plasmodia ofMyxobolus gibelioiWu et Wang, 1982 in the gill filaments of the allogynogenetic gibel carpCarassius auratus gibelio(Bloch) in a fish pond in Hubei Province of China was investigated from August 1999 to July 2000. A total of 445 fish was examined; the overall prevalence of the plasmodium infection in the fish was 64.94% and mean abundance of plasmodia was 11.65 ± 27.85 (mean ± SD). Significant seasonal changes in prevalence and mean abundance, with higher levels of the plasmodia infection from late spring to autumn, were observed.
基金Project (No. 2004C26026) supported by the Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Province, China
文摘Specific immunoglobulin (IgY) from egg yolk against Aeromonas hydrophila was produced by immunization of White Leghorn hens with formalin-killed whole cells of A. hydrophila. ELISA test using A. hydrophila as the coating antigen revealed that the specific antibody titer started to increase in the egg yolk at the 13th day post-immunization (P/N=2.18), reached the peak at the 56th day (P/N=13.82), and remained at high level until day 133 (P/N=7.03). The antibody was purified by saturated ammonium sulphate with a recovery rate of 63.5%. The specific IgY inhibited the growth of A. hydrophila at a concentration of 1.0 mg/ml during the 18 h incubation. Pre-treatment of polyploid gibel carps Carassius auratus Gibelio with specific IgY had a protection rate of 60% (6/10) against challenge with A. hydrophila, while none of the fishes in the control groups receiving sterile phosphate buffered saline (PBS) or non-specific IgY survived the challenge. Treatment of fishes with the specific IgY 4 h after the challenge also had lower mortality (70%, 7/10), a 30% reduction against the control PBS or non-specific IgY groups (10/10). These results indicate that specific IgY antibodies could be obtained easily from hens immunized with an inactivated A. hydrophila and could provide a novel alternative approach to control of diseases in fishes caused by this organism.
基金supported by grants from the National Key R&D Plan of the Ministry of Science and Technology,China(2023YFD2400201,2022YFF1000302)the Strategic Pilot Science and Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Project(XDA24030203).
文摘Frequent outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases in fish,such as Carassius auratus herpesvirus(CaHV)infection has caused great economic losses in China.However,the lack of a sensitive cell culture system has limited studies of CaHV.In the present study,a new cell line(gibel carp skin cell,GiCS)derived from gibel carp(Carassius gibelio)skin tissue was established to create a valuable tool for research of the virus.The GiCS cells consisted mainly of epithelial-like cells,which grew well at 25℃in L-15 medium supplemented with 10–20%fetal bovine serum.Chromosomal analysis revealed that the skin cell line remained amphitriploid,with most chromosome counts being 156(54%).The GiCS cells can be efficiently transfected and expressed exogenous genes.In particular,the GiCS cells showed high susceptibility to CaHV infection,which was confirmed by virus infection tests,detection of viral gene expression,and ultrastructural observation.To our knowledge,it is the first cell line that is highly permissive to CaHV infection.In addition,the cells also showed susceptibility to several aquatic animal viruses from different families including Iridoviridae,Rhabdoviridae,and Reoviridae.In conclusion,these results indicated that the establishment of the GiCS cell line is a significant advance that will be beneficial to future studies of CaHV and other aquatic animal viruses.
基金Supported by the Earmarked Fund for China Agriculture Research System(CARS-46-11)the Special Scientific Research Funds for Central Non-profit Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences(2014A06XY07)the Wuhan Science and Technology Plan Grant,Hubei Province(2014020202010138)
文摘Cyprinid herpesvirus II （CyHV-2） infection is identi- fied in cultured gibel carp, Carassius auratus gibelio, with high mortality in China in recent years. Histological pathology includes acute hepatocellular necrosis, splenic necrosis, kidney necrosis, hyperplasia of the secondary lamellae with focal necrosis. Acute necrotic myocarditis and granulocytes are prominent within the cardiac lumen in infected fish. In addition, necrosis is observed in the submucosa and mucosa epithelium of intestinal tract. Edemas are observed in renal glomerulus, submucosa and mucosa epithe- lium of intestinal tract, myocardial cells and neurons. Transmis- sion electron microscopy indicates the cytoplasmic inclusions in splenocytes, glomerulus cells and hematopoietic tissue cells of kidney, epithelial cells of gills and brain cells. The histopathology and ultrastructural pathology in CyHV-2 infected gibel carp are characterized with extensive necrosis and cytoplasmic inclusions in spleen, kidney, gill and brain, which suggests that CyHV-2 may mainly infect the spleen, kidney, gill and brain of fish.
文摘实验以异育银鲫"中科3号"幼鱼(3.2±0.5)g为实验对象,研究螺旋藻粉蛋白替代饲料鱼粉蛋白(0、20%、40%、60%、80%和100%)对鱼摄食、生长、饲料利用和蛋白沉积的影响。实验设计了6种等氮(38%)等脂(10%)等能(16.50 k J)的饲料,每处理3个重复。采用室内循环水养殖系统,表观饱食投喂。实验水温为(28±3)℃,实验共持续60d。结果发现:随藻粉替代比例的增加,鱼摄食率显著上升;饲料效率则呈显著下降趋势;特定生长率在20%替代组与鱼粉组无显著差异(P>0.05),其他各替代组均显著低于鱼粉组(P<0.05);蛋白沉积率在20%、60%替代时与鱼粉组无显著差异(P>0.05),其他替代组显著低于鱼粉组(P<0.05);肥满度在各替代组均显著低于鱼粉组(P<0.05);鱼体蛋白随藻粉替代比例的增加呈现先持平后降低的趋势,鱼体脂肪则呈先降低后升高的变化;20%、40%和60%替代组全鱼灰分均高于全鱼粉组;肠道消化酶(胰蛋白酶、脂肪酶和α-淀粉酶)在替代组和对照组间均无显著差异(P>0.05);干物质表观消化率随藻粉蛋白替代比例的增加而呈显著上升,蛋白的表观消化率则呈显著下降趋势,总磷表观消化率在20%替代时最低,在100%替代时最高。综合特定生长率和蛋白沉积率情况,当鲫幼鱼饲料中鱼粉含量约为50%,且鱼粉为唯一蛋白源时,螺旋藻粉蛋白可替代饲料中20%鱼粉蛋白。
