Case Report: Observation of Postoperative Refractive Status of Glaucoma Combined with Cataract and Irregular Astigmatism

Significance: So far, many scholars have studied the astigmatism caused by glaucoma surgery, but they cannot provide enough useful help for the clinic. When a patient has glaucoma, cataracts and irregular astigmatism at the same time, it is often difficult to achieve satisfactory results. Purpose: This study intends to describe a case of a patient with glaucoma, irregular astigmatism, and cataract who was successfully treated. Additionally, it can serve as a useful source of inspiration for the future care of patients like this. Case Presentation: A 24-year-old male with keratoconus in the past. He had undergone a corneal crosslinking operation in the right eye and a penetrating keratoplasty in the left eye due to his long history of keratoconus in both eyes. Right now, the keratoconus in that eye is stable. Unfortunately, he has now been diagnosed with open-angle glaucoma and complicated cataracts in both eyes, and he was admitted to our hospital for surgery. The right eye had significant irregular astigmatism, which was discovered during the preoperative assessment, and the implantation of a Toric intraocular lens was unable to produce good results. Finally, we chose to perform EXPRESS glaucoma drainage device implantation + phacoemulsification + intraocular lense (ZEISS CT ASPHINA 409MP) implantation. The patient had stable postoperative astigmatism with rule thanks to the traction effect of the scleral flap suture. Astigmatism was typically stable six months after surgery, and the corrected visual acuity with glasses had improved to 20/25. Conclusion: This patient suffers from cataracts, keratoconus, glaucoma, and irregular astigmatism. Due to the interconnectedness of these four disorders, simultaneous success is challenging. We realized that surgically induced astigmatism, frequently affects vision early after filtering surgery for glaucoma patients. In the instance of this patient, we tightly sutured the scleral flap and using tractive action, established regular astigmatism. After the patient’s astigmatism stabilized, optometry was given to correct the vision. This technique should result in much better visual acuity. Finally, it came to pass.

Phacoemulsification versus combined phacotrabeculectomy in the treatment of primary angle-closure glaucoma with cataract: a Meta-analysis

AIM： To compare the efficacy and safety of phacoemulsification（Phaco） against combined phacotrabeculectomy（Phacotrabe） in primary angle-closure glaucoma（PACG） with coexisting cataract.·METHODS： By searching electronically the Pub Med,EMBASE, Scientific Citation Index and Cochrane Library published up from inception to January 2014, all randomized controlled trials that matched the predefined criteria were included. The quality of included trials was evaluated according to the guidelines developed by the cochrane collaboration. And the outcomes estimating efficacy and safety of two different surgical treatments were measured and synthesised by Rev Man 5.0.· RESULTS： Five randomized controlled trials were selected and included in Meta-analysis with a total of468 patients（468 eyes） with both PACG and cataract. We found that Phacotrabe had a greater intraocular pressure（IOP） lowing effect [preoperative IOP： weighted mean difference（WMD）=0.58, 95% confidence intervals（95% CI,-0.53 to 1.69）, P =0.31; postoperative IOP： WMD =1.37,95% CI（0.45 to 2.28）, P =0.003], a lower number of antiglaucoma medications [risk ratio（RR）=0.05, 95% CI（0.02 to 0.18）, P 〈0.00001] needed postoperatively and less serious damage of optic nerve [RR =0.48, 95% CI（0.21 to 1.07）, P =0.07], but a higher risk of complications[odds ratio（OR）=0.04, 95% CI（0.01 to 0.16）, P 〈0.00001]compared with Phaco. The rest studies indicated that there had no significantly difference between the two surgical methods for postoperative best-corrected visual acuity（BCVA） [WMD =-0.05, 95% CI（-0.14 to 0.05）, P =0.32] and loss of visual field [RR=1.06, 95% CI（0.61 to1.83）, P =0.83].·CONCLUSION： Phaco alone compared with Phacotrabe had a better effect in IOP reduction, whereas the securitydecline. Considering the number of sample size, our results remains to be further studied.

Meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of combined surgery in the management of eyes with coexisting cataract and open angle glaucoma

AIM： To conduct a systematic review and quantitative Meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of combined surgery for the eyes with coexisting cataract and open angle glaucoma.METHODS： We performed a systematic search of the related literature in the Cochrane Library, PubM ed, EMBASE, Web of Science databases, CNKI, CBM and Wan Fang databases, with no limitations on language or publication date. The primary efficacy estimate was identified by weighted mean difference of the percentage of intraocular pressure reduction（IOPR%） from baseline to end-point, the percentage of number of glaucoma medications reduction from pre-to post-operation, and the secondary efficacy evaluations were performed by odds ratio（OR） and 95% confidence interval（CI） for complete and qualified success rate. Besides, ORs were applied to assess the tolerability of adverse incidents. Meta-analyses of fixed or random effect models were performed using Rev Man software 5.2 to gather the consequences. Heterogeneity was evaluated by Chi^2 test and the I^2 measure.RESULTS： Ten studies enrolling 3108 patients were included. The combined consequences indicated that both glaucoma and combined cataract and glaucoma surgery significantly decreased IOP. For deep sclerectomy vs deep sclerectomy plus phacoemulsification and canaloplasty vs phaco-canaloplasty, the differences in IOPR% were not all statistically significant while trabeculotomy was detected to gain a quantitatively greater IOPR% compared with trabeculotomy plus phacoemulsification. Furthermore, there was no statistical significance in the complete and qualified success rate, and the rates of adverse incidents for trabeculotomy vs trabeculotomy plus phacoemulsification.CONCLUSION： Compared with trabeculotomy plus phacoemulsification, trabeculectomy alone is more effective in lowering IOP and the number of glaucoma medications, while the two surgeries can not demonstrate statistical differences in the complete success rate, qualified success rate, or incidence of adverse incidents.

Outcomes of 1.8-3.0 mm incision phacoemulsification combined with trabeculectomy for primary angle-closure glaucoma with cataract

●AIM:To compare efficacy of coaxial microincisions(1.8 mm,2.2 mm)and small incisions(3.0 mm)on phacoemulsification combined with trabeculectomy for primary angle-closure glaucoma(PACG)with cataract.●METHODS:Ninety-six patients(96 eyes)with PACG and cataract were recruited and randomly divided into three groups between January 2015 and June 2017.Group A(3.0 mm incision),B(2.2 mm incision),and C(1.8 mm incision)comprised 30,34 and 32 eyes respectively.All cases were treated with clear corneal incision phacoemulsification combined with trabeculectomy.Data including best corrected visual acuity(BCVA),corneal astigmatism,corneal endothelial cell counts(CECC),intraocular pressure(IOP),and complications were collected before the operation,and at postoperative 1 d,1 and 3 mo.●RESULTS:All the patients were successfully treated with surgery.The BCVA of groups B and C were significantly improved as compared to group A at postoperative 1 d,1 and 3 mo(all P<0.05),but there was no difference between groups B and C at each time interval(all P>0.05).The corneal astigmatism of group A was statistically higher than that of group B(P=0.026);corneal astigmatism of group B was statistically higher than that of group C at postoperative 1 d(P=0.006).The corneal astigmatism of group A at postoperative 3 mo was significantly higher than that before operation(P=0.003).At postoperative 1 and 3 mo,corneal astigmatism of groups B and C were significantly lower than that of group A(all P<0.05).The CECC in group B was significantly higher than that of group A(P=0.020),and CECC in group C was significantly higher than that of group B(P=0.034)at postoperative 1 d.At postoperative 1 and 3 mo,CECC of groups B and C were significantly higher than that of group A(all P<0.05).In each group,postoperative mean IOP at each time interval was significantly lower than preoperative IOP(all P<0.05).●CONCLUSION:Coaxial microincision phacoemulsification combined with trabeculectomy for PACG with cataract has better curative efficacy in reducing postoperative corneal astigmatism and corneal endothelial cell injury than traditional small incision combined surgery,and the 1.8 mm microincision has better curative efficacy than 2.2 mm microincision in the early postoperative period.

The change of anterior segment parameters after cataract surgery in normal-tension glaucoma

AIM： To investigate the change of anterior chamber angle morphology and intraocular pressure （lOP） reduction after cataract surgery in patients with normal-tension glaucoma （NTG） using swept-source optical coherence tomography （SS-OCT）. METHODS： This prospective, comparative, observational study recruited patients into two groups. Group 1 was the control group including normal subjects except those with cataracts （cataract group, n=67 eyes of 67 patients）, and group 2 was NTG group including patients who were diagnosed with NTG and cataracts （n=43 eyes of 43 patients）, which were treated with phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation. Before surgery, and at postoperative 1 and 6too, anterior chamber angles were evaluated by SS-OCT under dark conditions using three- dimensional angle analysis scan protocol. Angle opening distance （AOD）, angle recess area （ARA）, and trabecular- iris surface area （TISA） at four quadrants （temporal, nasal, superior, and inferior） were calculated automatically by SS-OGT, after the observer marked scleral spurs. RESULTS： A total of 106 patients （54 males and 52 females） were enrolled in the study. Angle parameters, AOD, ARA, and TISA were increased after surgery in both groups. However, changes of angle parameters were only significant in group 2. In group 2, preoperative lOP was 13.2＋2.9 mm Hg, and postoperative lOP at 1 and 6mo were 10.5＋3.0 and 10.7＋2.8 mm Hg, respectively. In group 1, preoperative lOP was 12.42.8 mm Hg, and postoperative lOP at 1 and 6mo were 11.6＋2.5 and 12.0＋2.8 mm Hg, respectively. After cataract surgery, angle parameters changed significantly while IOP significantly reduced and was maintained in group 2 （P〈0.001）. The changes in angle parameters （＆AOD500, ATISAS00 at temporal; ＆AOD500, S, RA500 at nasal） were linearly correlated with postoperative IOP changes. CONCLUSION： Cataract surgery may have improved antedor chamber angle parameters and decreased lOP in NTG patients.

Evaluation of the Ex-PRESS~ P-50 implant under scleral flap in combined cataract and glaucoma surgery

AIM： To evaluate the efficacy and safety of glaucoma drainage device Ex-PRESS~ P-50 for combined cataract surgery and glaucoma.·METHODS： Patients having cataract and open angle glaucoma or patients with open advanced glaucoma which needed two or more antiglaucoma medications were included. Combined cataract surgery and glaucoma with Ex-PRESS~ P-50 model placed under scleral flap was performed.·RESULTS： Out of 40 eyes of 40 patients（55% male and45% female） completed the study during one-year follow-up. The mean of age was 76.6 ±11.02 y. The intraocular pressure（IOP） decreased significantly during the 12-month follow-up from 23.5 mm Hg to 16.8 mm Hg（Wilcoxon signed ranks test, P 〈0.001）. A 59.5% of patients did not need any topical treatment, 10.8% of them needed one active principle, 27% needed two active principles, and 2.7% of them needed three active principles for successful IOP control（〈21 mm Hg）.·CONCLUSION：Combinedsurgeryofphacoemulsification with Ex PRESS~ P-50 lowers IOP from the preoperative baseline and reduces significantly the number of antiglaucoma active principles for IOP control after the operation.

Secondary glaucoma after pediatric cataract surgery

AIM: To determine the incidence and risk factors of secondary glaucoma after pediatric cataract surgery.METHODS: Two hundred and forty nine eyes of 148 patients underwent cataract surgery without intraocular lens (IOL) implantation (group 1), and 220 eyes of 129 patients underwent cataract surgery with IOL implantation (group 2) retrospectively, were evaluated between 2000 and 2011. The outcome measure was the presence or absence of post-cataract surgery glaucoma, defined as an intraocular pressure (IOP) ≥26mmHg, as measured on at least two occasions along with corneal or optic nerve changes.RESULTS: The mean follow-up periods of group 1 and 2 were (60.86 ±30.95) months (12-123 months) and (62.11±31.29) months (14-115 months) respectively. In group 1, 12 eyes of 8 patients (4.8% ) developed glaucoma. None of the patients developed glaucoma after surgery in group 2. The mean age of the patients at the cataract surgery was (2.58±0.90) months (1 month-4 months) and the average period for glaucoma development after surgery was (9.50 ±4.33) months (4-16 months) in group 1. Three of the 12 glaucomatous eyes were controlled with antiglaucomatous medication and 9 eyes underwent trabeculectomy+mitomycinC surgery.Onepatientunderwent a second trabeculectomy+mitomycin C operation for both of his eyes.CONCLUSION:The incidence of glaucoma after pediatric cataract surgery is very low in patients in whom IOL is implanted. The aphakic eyes after pediatric cataract surgery are at an increased risk for glaucoma development particularly if they underwent surgery before 4 months of age.

A Comparative Analysis of Anxiety and Depression among Glaucoma and Cataractous Patients in Southwest Nigeria

Background: Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. An appreciable proportion of glaucoma patients have been found to have hidden psychiatric disorders that often go undetected. Anxiety and depression have been found to be major contributors to these psychological issues. This present study aims to compare the prevalence of anxiety and depression amongst glaucoma and cataract patients and to identify risk factors for anxiety and depression amongst these patients. Materials and Methods: A comparative crossectional study was carried out among 197 Primary Open Angle Glaucoma (POAG) patients and 197 controls (non-POAG patients that have no ocular disorder other than cataract) attending Deseret Community Vision Institute, Ijebu Imushin, Ogun state from 1st of April to 31st May 2014. POAG was defined as patients with open anterior chamber angles based on gonioscopy, pale and cupped discs (Cup: Disc ratio ≥ 0.4), and corresponding visual field defects with or without an elevated intraocular pressure. Cataract was defined as patients with opacification of the crystalline lens in either or both eyes. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to assess anxiety and depression among the participants. Data were analyzed using SPSS Version 20 using Chi-square, Independent student T-test and Logistic regression. Results: The mean age of glaucoma subjects was 62.24 years and the cataract subjects was 64.2 years. There was a male preponderance with a male: female ratio of 1.5:1. Anxiety as defined by the HADS was seen in 35.5% of glaucoma patients and 21.8% of the cataract patients but there was no statistically significant difference after controlling for sociodermographic and clinical characteristics on logistic regression. The risk factors for anxiety among the glaucoma participants were those younger than 60 (OR 2.9, 95% CI: 1.3 - 6.5 p = 0.009) and those with severe glaucoma (OR 9.5, 95% CI: 1.7 - 54.4 p = 0.011). The risk factors for anxiety among cataract patients were sociodermographic factors. Those employed (OR 6.4. 95% CI: 2.1 - 20.0 p = 0.001) and those separated and divorced (OR 10.3, 95% CI: 1.4 - 78.4 p = 0.002). Visual status was not a risk factor amongst the cataract participants. Depression as defined by HADS was seen in 24.4% of glaucoma participants and 3.6% of cataract participants. Glaucoma participants were four times more likely to be depressed than the cataract participants after controlling for clinical and sociodermographic variables (OR 4.0, 95% CI: 1.5 - 10.8 p = 0.007). The risk factors for depression among the glaucoma participants were those younger than 60 (OR 4.7, 95% CI: 1.7 - 13.5 p = 0.004), those with primary (OR 6.6, 95% CI: 1.5 - 28.4) p = 0.010) and secondary education (OR 8.0, 95% CI: 2.1 - 29.9 p = 0.002) as compared to those with tertiary education, those unemployed (OR 2.0, 95% CI: 1.0 - 7.2 p = 0.042) as compared to those employed. Those blind (OR 10.8. 95% CI: 2.8 - 42.4 p = 0.001) as compared to those without visual impairment and those that had had surgery (OR 3.7, 95% CI: 1.4 - 10.0 p = 0.011). Conclusion: Anxiety and Depression were found in 35.5% and 24.4% of glaucoma patients as compared to 21.8% and 3.6% of cataract patients respectively. Glaucoma patients were 4 times more likely to be depressed than patients with cataracts. There was no significant difference in anxiety between the two groups but glaucoma patients had a four times higher risk of being depressed as compared to cataract patients. There is a need to address these psychological issues at the community level in order to improve the quality of life of these patients. It is also important to identify those at risk in order to curb this growing trend/concern.

Supraciliary microstenting with phacoemulsification in patients with open-angle glaucoma and cataracts

Elevated intraocular pressure(IOP)is a major risk factor for the development or progression of glaucoma.Lowering IOP is the only proven therapeutic approach to the management of glaucoma.IOP can be lowered by medication,laser treatment or surgery(1).Generally,instillation of IOP-

Phaco联合房角分离术治疗急性闭角型青光眼合并白内障患者的疗效及对视盘血流密度的影响

目的:探讨白内障超声乳化吸出(Phaco)联合房角分离术治疗急性闭角型青光眼(APACG)合并白内障患者的疗效及对视盘血流密度的影响。方法:选取100例APACG合并白内障患者为研究对象,依据手术方式不同分为对照组和观察组,每组各50例。对照组患者实施Phaco+小梁切除术治疗;观察组患者实施Phaco+房角分离术治疗,随访2个月。比较两组患者术后2个月临床疗效;术前、术后7 d、术后1及2个月最佳矫正视力(BCVA);术前及术后2个月眼压、散光度、前房深度及前房角度;术前、术后1 d、术后7 d、1个月及2个月视盘及盘周血流密度;治疗及随访期间并发症发生情况。结果:观察组术后2个月临床总有效率高于对照组(96.00%vs.84.00%,P<0.05)。术后随时间推移,两组患者BCVA均上升(P<0.05),且观察组各时间点均高于对照组(P<0.05)。术后2个月,两组患者眼压均下降(P<0.05),但组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);散光度均上升(P<0.05),但观察组低于对照组(P<0.05);前房深度均上升,但组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);前房角度均上升(P<0.05),且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05)。术后1 d,两组患者视盘整体血流密度均下降(P<0.05),术后7 d开始上升(P<0.05),术后1个月与术前无统计学差异(P>0.05),术后2个月较术前升高(P<0.05),且术后各时间点观察组均高于对照组(P<0.05)。术前及术后各时间点两组盘周血流密度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组总并发症发生率低于对照组(8.00%vs.24.00%,P<0.05)。结论:相较于Phaco+小梁切除术,Phaco联合房角分离术能进一步提升APACG合并白内障患者临床疗效,能更好改善患者术眼散光度及前房角度,提升患者视盘血流密度,且并发症较少。

超声乳化联合房角分离术治疗白内障合并闭角型青光眼患者的效果及对术后并发症的影响

目的探讨超声乳化联合房角分离术治疗白内障合并闭角型青光眼患者的临床效果以及对并发症产生的影响。方法选取2018年2月—2024年4月期间收治的白内障合并闭角型青光眼患者100例,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组(各50例)。对照组治疗方案为超声乳化+人工晶体植入术,观察组治疗方案为超声乳化+人工晶体植入术联合房角分离术。以治疗效果、术后并发症发生情况、生活质量改善情况作为观察指标。结果与对照组比较分析,观察组治疗总有效率较高(P<0.05)。观察组术后并发症发生率低于对照组,差异显著(P<0.05)。生活质量指标在治疗前,两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗后,两组生活质量指标均升高,观察组高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论超声乳化+人工晶体植入术联合房角分离术治疗白内障合并闭角型青光眼具有突出作用效果,可减少患者术后并发症发生,利于其生活质量改善,值得广泛应用于临床。

PEI联合术中房角镜下房角分离及房角切开术治疗中晚期PACG合并白内障

目的:评价超声乳化白内障吸除人工晶状体植入术(PEI)联合术中房角镜直视下房角分离术(GSL)及房角切开术(GT)治疗中晚期原发性闭角型青光眼(PACG)合并白内障的效果。方法:回顾性病例系列研究方法。收集2021-12-01/2023-03-31在安徽医科大学第二附属医院手术的中晚期PACG合并白内障患者62例65眼,根据手术方式不同分为两组:观察组30例32眼行PEI+GSL+GT,对照组32例33眼行PEI+GSL。评估两组患者术前,术后1 d, 1 wk, 1、3、6 mo眼压、最佳矫正视力(BCVA)和抗青光眼药物使用数量。术前和术后6 mo时分别评估视野、杯盘比、前房角开放范围、前房深度、RNFL平均厚度。结果:PEI+GSL+GT组术后6 mo眼压和平均眼压降幅(16.68±2.65、11.12±8.53 mmHg)与PEI+GSL组(18.71±2.51、8.32±4.17 mmHg)有显著差异(P<0.05),眼压降幅率无差异(44.57%±21.79%和35.20%±17.94%,P>0.05)。术后6 mo两组抗青光眼药物使用数量、BCVA、前房深度、房角关闭范围均较术前改善(均P<0.01),PEI+GSL+GT组术后6 mo的药物减少数量和房角开放范围均大于PEI+GSL组(P<0.05),其余指标两组间比较均无差异(均P>0.05)。两组术后6 mo的视野平均偏差、杯盘比及RNFL平均厚度较术前均无差异(均P>0.05)。PEI+GSL+GT组手术完全成功率为81%(26/32),手术条件成功率为94%(30/32);PEI+GSL组手术完全成功率为58%(19/33),手术条件成功率为76%(25/33)。两组间手术成功率均有差异(完全成功率χ^(2)=4.275,P=0.039;条件成功率χ^(2)=4.040,P=0.044)。两组患者均未见危及视力的并发症及再次手术。结论:对于中晚期原发性闭角型青光眼合并白内障患者,采用PEI+GSL+GT治疗比PEI+GSL治疗更有效。

重视先天性白内障术后高眼压和青光眼的防治

先天性白内障是严重影响婴幼儿视功能的疾病。随着白内障手术和人工晶体植入手术技术的发展,先天性白内障患者术后多可获得高质量的视觉康复。然而,如何更好防治手术相关的不良事件和并发症、先天性白内障伴随的其他眼部发育不良疾病的治疗以及形觉剥夺性弱视的治疗,仍然是先天性白内障手术后需要重视的临床问题。文章对先天性白内障摘除及人工晶体植入术后高眼压和继发性青光眼的发生、相关危险因素、治疗和预防的手段进行总结,以期进一步提高对先天性白内障术后高眼压和青光眼防治的认识,减少术后并发症对视功能造成的进一步损害。

原发性闭角型青光眼合并白内障术后视觉质量变化及影响因素

近年来,白内障超声乳化吸除加人工晶状体植入联合房角分离手术逐渐成为治疗原发性闭角型青光眼合并白内障的主要有效手段,然而随着医疗技术不断进步,术后眼压的控制不再是唯一的追求,患者对术后的视觉质量期望越来越高。为了使患者术后拥有更好的屈光状态和更高的视觉质量,需减少因原发性闭角型青光眼所带来的负面影响,个性化选择不同人工晶状体或计算公式等。视觉质量评价指标包括视力、对比敏感度、高阶像差、主观感受等。因此,本文就原发性闭角型青光眼合并白内障患者行白内障超声乳化吸除加人工晶状体植入联合房角分离手术术后屈光漂移、高阶像差、对比敏感度变化及其影响因素以及人工晶状体的选择做出综述。

脉络膜脱离1例

61岁男性,因“左眼前黑影遮挡伴视力下降近2周”就诊。患者4年前、2年前和1年前分别行左眼小梁切除术,右眼穿透性角膜移植术和右眼白内障超声乳化+人工晶状体(IOL)植入术。半年前因左眼颗粒状角膜营养不良,于我院行左眼深板层角膜移植术,手术顺利,术后规律复诊。左眼角膜移植术后3个月和4个月,分别行左眼部分角膜缝线拆除,左眼白内障超声乳化+人工晶体植入术。左眼角膜移植术后半年,再次行左眼角膜缝线拆除。此次拆线术后2周至门诊复诊,主诉“左眼前黑影遮挡伴视力下降近2周”,查体如下。裸眼视力:左眼CF/10 cm;眼压:左眼5 mmHg。左眼角膜植片透明,位置良好,前房清,瞳孔圆,光反射存在,IOL明。眼底:左眼脉络膜广泛脱离,未查见裂孔及出血。B超查及脉络膜脱离回声。经扩瞳、局部及全身抗炎治疗5天后,脉络膜脱离仍未见明显好转,遂决定行左眼玻璃体切除+脉络膜脱离复位术。术中可放出大量微黄色脉络膜上腔液体,复位脉络膜,未见视网膜裂孔,术毕气体填充,术后患者脉络膜复位良好,视力逐渐提高。追问病史,患者第2次角膜拆线过程中,痛感非常明显,术中高度紧张,存在用力屏气过程。讨论体会:患者角膜拆线时的Valsava动作很有可能是该例脉络膜脱离发生的原因,要详细了解病情,做好术前沟通、加强人文关怀,术中充分麻醉,密切关注患者术中情况,做好患教工作,术后尽早随访,以便及时发现特殊并发症。

经内路房水通路重建术联合微切口超声乳化白内障吸除术治疗原发性开角型青光眼合并白内障的效果

目的:分析经内路房水通路重建术联合微切口超声乳化白内障吸除术治疗原发性开角型青光眼合并白内障的效果。方法:纳入2021年1月—2023年1月孝感市第一人民医院眼科收治的120例原发性开角型青光眼合并白内障患者为研究对象,用随机数字表法分为两组。对照组(n=60)采用超声乳化术+人工晶状体植入术+小梁切除术,观察组(n=60)采用经内路房水通路重建术联合微切口超声乳化白内障吸除术治疗。对比两组眼压、最佳矫正视力、黄斑区神经节细胞复合体(GCC)厚度、角膜中央厚度(CCT),以及角膜内皮功能指标、视盘血流情况。结果:术后3个月观察组眼压、术眼最佳矫正视力均低于对照组,术后1周黄斑区GCC厚度大于对照组、CCT小于对照组(P<0.05);术后1周两组角膜内皮细胞密度、六角形细胞比例均有所降低,但观察组上述指标均高于对照组(P<0.05);术后1周,观察组角膜内皮细胞变异系数低于对照组(P<0.05);术后3个月观察组视盘内所有血管血流密度、毛细血管血流密度均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:原发性开角型青光眼合并白内障患者采用经内路房水通路重建术联合微切口超声乳化白内障吸除术治疗能减轻对角膜内皮细胞功能的损伤,降低眼压,促进视力恢复。

高血压与相关眼部疾病的研究进展

高血压是我国最常见的慢性疾病,是多种眼部疾病的突出危险因素。研究表明,高血压在缺血性视神经病变、青光眼、白内障等多种眼病的发生、发展和转归中扮演重要角色;高血压后视网膜血流灌注减少、微循环障碍、氧化应激和炎症反应、内皮损伤和新生血管形成是相关眼部疾病发生的共同病理改变。目前我国高血压患病率逐年上升,由其引发的眼部疾病也日益增加,本文就高血压与几种相关眼病关系进行综述,以期为高血压相关眼病在临床中的预防和治疗提供思路。

青光眼合并白内障患者联合手术的临床疗效及影响术后屈光误差的因素

目的探究青光眼合并白内障患者联合手术的临床疗效并分析术后屈光误差的影响因素。方法选取河南省人民医院2021年1月至2023年1月收治的78例青光眼合并白内障患者(78眼),所有患者接受超声乳化联合小梁切除术治疗,检测患者平均眼压、视力水平、最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、屈光误差、眼轴长度(AL)、前房深度(ACD)、晶状体厚度、晶体拱高(LV)、角膜曲率(K)值、中央角膜厚度及白到白距离等。收集患者资料,单因素及多因素logistic回归分析影响患者术后屈光误差的因素。结果青光眼合并白内障患者术后平均眼压低于术前(P<0.05),平均视力及BCVA高于术前(P<0.05);术后3个月,青光眼合并白内障患者远视屈光误差41眼(52.56%),近视屈光误差12眼(15.38%),无屈光误差25眼(32.05%),绝对屈光误差为(0.52±0.06)D。屈光误差组AL、ACD低于无屈光误差组(P<0.05),晶状体厚度、平均视力高于无屈光误差组(P<0.05);将差异有统计学意义的因素行多因素logistic回归分析,结果显示AL、ACD及晶状体厚度为影响屈光误差发生的因素(P<0.05)。结论青光眼合并白内障患者联合手术治疗后可有效提高视力,但是发生屈光误差的比例较高,AL、ACD及晶状体厚度为影响其发生的重要因素。

复明片临床应用专家共识

复明片自上市以来,在临床得到广泛应用,治疗青光眼、白内障等疾病取得明显疗效,可改善患者眼部症状,提高视功能。但目前尚无相关规范文件指导复明片的临床应用,为了进一步提高临床医生对复明片应用的认识,更合理使用复明片,中华中医药学会眼科分会组织中、西医眼科专家、药学专家及方法学专家成立项目组,按照《中华中医药学会中成药临床应用专家共识技术方案(试行)》的相关要求,充分考虑循证证据并借鉴专家临床经验,编制了《复明片临床应用专家共识》,供眼科同道临床应用参考。

超声乳化白内障吸除术配合房角分离术治疗原发性急性闭角型青光眼合并白内障的临床效果和安全性分析

目的评定超声乳化白内障吸除术配合房角分离术治疗原发性急性闭角型青光眼合并白内障患者的效果及安全性。方法选取100例原发性急性闭角型青光眼合并白内障患者为研究对象,随机分为试验组和对照组,每组50例。试验组施以超声乳化白内障吸除术配合房角分离术治疗,对照组施以超声乳化白内障吸除术配合小梁切除术治疗。比较两组治疗效果,术前、术后3个月最佳矫正视力、眼压、前房深度、前房角宽度与并发症发生情况。结果试验组总有效率(98.00%)较对照组(86.00%)更高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);术前,试验组最佳矫正视力为(0.23±0.08)、眼压为(43.60±3.45)mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)、前房深度为(2.35±0.27)mm、前房角宽度为(13.52±2.63)°,对照组分别为(0.24±0.10)、(43.52±4.17)mm Hg、(2.46±0.35)mm、(13.44±3.07)°;术后3个月,试验组最佳矫正视力为(0.47±0.03)、眼压为(15.26±1.75)mm Hg、前房深度为(3.30±0.14)mm、前房角宽度为(30.21±1.27)°,对照组分别为(0.38±0.04)、(18.38±2.07)mm Hg、(3.02±0.25)mm、(26.35±1.14)°。两组术后3个月最佳矫正视力、前房深度、前房角宽度均高于术前,眼压水平均低于术前,且试验组术后3个月最佳矫正视力、前房深度、前房角宽度更高,眼压水平更低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组并发症发生率(6.00%)较对照组(20.00%)更低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论原发性急性闭角型青光眼合并白内障患者施以超声乳化白内障吸除术配合小梁切除术方案与配合房角分离术方案均能取得一定效果,其中超声乳化白内障吸除术配合房角分离术方案的应用能获取优质的效果,更好改善最佳矫正视力、眼压、前房深度、前房角宽度等指标水平,减少并发症发生的几率,意义重大。