Intraperitoneal administration of the non-selective adenosine receptor agonist 5’-N-ethylcarboxamide-adenosine (NECA) (0.1 or 0.3 mg/kg) increased fasting serum glucose levels in mice. To clarify the mechanism respon...Intraperitoneal administration of the non-selective adenosine receptor agonist 5’-N-ethylcarboxamide-adenosine (NECA) (0.1 or 0.3 mg/kg) increased fasting serum glucose levels in mice. To clarify the mechanism responsible for this, the expression of liver glucose 6-phosphatase (G6Pase: a gluconeogenic enzyme) was analyzed, and it was found that G6Pase mRNA was increased by NECA treatment. Administration of 0.3 mg/kg NECA resulted in elevated serum glucose levels at 1 h and were further elevated at 6 h. Administration of 0.1 mg/kg NECA increased serum glucose levels at 1 h and had returned to control levels by 6 h. The increase in fasting serum glucose levels induced by NECA are thought to be caused, in part, by elevated G6Pase expression.展开更多
Intermittent fasting can benefit breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy or immunotherapy.However,it is still uncertain how to select immunotherapy drugs to combine with intermittent fasting.Herein we observed ...Intermittent fasting can benefit breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy or immunotherapy.However,it is still uncertain how to select immunotherapy drugs to combine with intermittent fasting.Herein we observed that two cycles of fasting treatment significantly inhibited breast tumor growth and lung tissue metastasis,as well as prolonged overall survival in mice bearing 4T1 and 4T07 breast cancer.During this process,both the immunosuppressive monocytic-(M-)and granulocytic-(G-)myeloid-derived suppressor cell(MDSC)decreased,accompanied by an increase in interleukin(IL)7R^(+)and granzyme B^(+)T cells in the tumor microenvironment.Interestingly,we observed that Ly6G^(low)G-MDSC sharply decreased after fasting treatment,and the cell surface markers and protein mass spectrometry data showed potential therapeutic targets.Mechanistic investigation revealed that glucose metabolism restriction suppressed the splenic granulocytemonocyte progenitor and the generation of colony-stimulating factors and IL-6,which both contributed to the accumulation of G-MDSC.On the other hand,glucose metabolism restriction can directly induce the apoptosis of Ly6G^(low)G-MDSC,but not Ly6G^(high)subsets.In summary,these results suggest that glucose metabolism restriction induced by fasting treatment attenuates the immune-suppressive milieu and enhances the activation of CD3^(+)T cells,providing potential solutions for enhancing immune-based cancer interventions.展开更多
Objective:To examine the effects of Sapium ellipticum(SE) leaf extract on the hepatic activities of glucokinase and glucose-6-phosphatase in streptozotocin-induced diabetic Wistar rats.Methods:STZ-induced diabetic Wis...Objective:To examine the effects of Sapium ellipticum(SE) leaf extract on the hepatic activities of glucokinase and glucose-6-phosphatase in streptozotocin-induced diabetic Wistar rats.Methods:STZ-induced diabetic Wistar rats(four groups,n = 8) were used in this study.SE was assessed at two different doses,400 and 800 mg/kg BW,in comparison with metformin(METF)(12 mg/kg BW) as a reference antidiabetic drug.All treatments were done orally(p.o),twice daily at 8 h interval for a period of 21 days.Glucokinase and glucose-6-phosphatase activities were respectively determined using standard protocols.Hepatic and muscle glycogen contents were estimated as well.Results:STZ caused significant decrease in glucose-6-phosphatase activity and concomitant increase in glucokinase activity.SE extract especially at 400 mg dosage significantly reversed the alterations by increasing glucokinase activity by 40.31% and inhibiting glucose-6-phosphatase activity by 37.29% compared to diabetic control animals.However,the effects were significantly lower than that of METF which enhanced glucokinase activity by94.76% and simultaneously inhibited glucose-6-phosphatase activity by 49.15%.The extract also improved hepatic glycogen level by 32.37 and 27.06% at 400 and 800 mg dosage respectively.HPLC-MS analysis of some SE fractions in dynamic MRM mode(using the optimized compound-specific parameters) revealed among other active compounds,the presence of amentoflavone,which has been associated with antidiabetic function.Conclusions:The ability of SE extract to concurrently inhibit glucose-6-phosphatase and activate glucokinase in this study suggests that it may be a treatment option for type 2 diabetes patients,and the presence of amentoflavone in the plant extract may account for its anti-diabetic potential.展开更多
The lens HK, G6PD, AR activity and its relationship with fetal age was determined.There is a positive correlation between the age of fetus and the activity(IU/mg pro.) of HK and G6PD(r=0.8069, 0.8204, P<0.01) and a...The lens HK, G6PD, AR activity and its relationship with fetal age was determined.There is a positive correlation between the age of fetus and the activity(IU/mg pro.) of HK and G6PD(r=0.8069, 0.8204, P<0.01) and a negetive correlation between the age of fetus and activity of AR(r=-0.810 1,0.05>P>0.01).展开更多
目的研究孕早期妇女血清补体C1q/肿瘤坏死因子相关蛋白6(C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein 6,CTRP6)的表达水平,探讨其与妊娠糖尿病(gestational diabetes mellitus,GDM)的关系。方法前瞻性连续选取2021年3月至2022年3月在郑...目的研究孕早期妇女血清补体C1q/肿瘤坏死因子相关蛋白6(C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein 6,CTRP6)的表达水平,探讨其与妊娠糖尿病(gestational diabetes mellitus,GDM)的关系。方法前瞻性连续选取2021年3月至2022年3月在郑州大学第二附属医院门诊产检的孕10~13周孕妇,收集孕妇的年龄、身高、体质量、末次月经时间,检测孕早期总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、三酰甘油(triglyceride,TG)、高密度脂蛋白(high density lipoprotein,HDL)、低密度脂蛋白(low density lipoprotein,LDL)、空腹血糖(fasting plasma glucose,FPG)、糖化血红蛋白(glycosylated hemoglobin,HbA1c)、空腹胰岛素(fasting insulin,FINS)、CTRP6水平,计算孕前体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)、基线BMI、产前BMI和胰岛素抵抗指数(亦称胰岛素抵抗的稳态模型评估,homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance,HOMA-IR)。所有孕妇均于孕24~28周行75g口服葡萄糖耐量试验,根据试验结果分为GDM组和糖耐量正常(normal glucose tolerance,NGT)组。比较两组孕妇孕早期的临床资料及实验室指标,分析孕早期血清CTRP6与各指标的相关性及其与GDM的关系。结果共纳入孕妇213例,完整随访203例,其中52例孕妇被诊断为GDM,GDM发病率25.62%。GDM组孕妇的孕早期血清CTRP6、年龄、孕前BMI、基线BMI、产前BMI、TC、LDL、FPG、HbA1c、FINS、HOMA-IR均较NGT组升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。孕早期CTRP6与年龄、孕前BMI、基线BMI、产前BMI、TG、LDL、FPG、HbA1c、FINS、HOMA-IR呈正相关,与HDL呈负相关(P<0.05)。校正年龄、BMI、糖脂代谢指标及HOMA-IR后,孕早期CTRP6为GDM发病的独立影响因素。结论孕早期血清CTRP6升高与GDM相关,是GDM的独立危险因素。展开更多
In order to investigate the functions of the gene PsG6PDH and the mechanisms underlying freezing tolerance of Populus suaveolens, the recombinant expression vector pET-G （pET30a-G6PDH）, which contained full encoding...In order to investigate the functions of the gene PsG6PDH and the mechanisms underlying freezing tolerance of Populus suaveolens, the recombinant expression vector pET-G （pET30a-G6PDH）, which contained full encoding region of PsG6PDH gene, was established. The recombinant was identified by lawn-PCR and double enzyme digestion and then transformed into expression host XA90 and induced by isopropyl-a-D-thiogalactoside （IPTG） to express 100 kD polypeptide of G6PDH fusion protein. The results showed that the expressed amount of the fusion protein culminated after 1 mmol·L^-1 IPTG treatment for 4h and that pET-G product was predominately soluble and not extra-cellular secreting.展开更多
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase(G6PD) is a cytoplasmic enzyme with an important function in cell oxidative damage prevention.Erythrocytes have a predisposition towards oxidized environments due to their lack of mito...Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase(G6PD) is a cytoplasmic enzyme with an important function in cell oxidative damage prevention.Erythrocytes have a predisposition towards oxidized environments due to their lack of mitochondria,giving G6 PD a major role in its stability.G6 PD deficiency(G6PDd) is the most common enzyme deficiency in humans:it affects approximately 400 million individuals worldwide.The overall G6 PDd allele frequency across malaria endemic countries is estimated to be 8%.corresponding to approximately 220 million males and 133 million females.However,there are no reports on the prevalence of G6 PDd in Andean communities where bartonellosis is prevalent.展开更多
A 1 207 bp cDNA fragment (PsG6PDH) was amplified by RT-PCR from cold-induced total RNA of the freez- ing-tolerant P. Suaveolens, using primers based on the highly conserved region of published plant glucose-6-phospha...A 1 207 bp cDNA fragment (PsG6PDH) was amplified by RT-PCR from cold-induced total RNA of the freez- ing-tolerant P. Suaveolens, using primers based on the highly conserved region of published plant glucose-6-phosphate dehydro- genase (G6PDH) genes. The sequence analysis showed that PsG6PDH coding region had 1 101 bp and encoded 367 predicted amino acid residues. Moreover, the nucleotide sequence of PsG6PDH showed 83%, 82%, 79%, 79% and 78% identity, and the derived amino acid sequence shared 44.2%, 44.7%, 42.0%, 40.5% and 43.9% identity with those of the Solanum tuberosum, Nicotiana ta- bacum, Triticum aestivum, Oryza sativa and Arabidopsis thaliana, respectively. The results show that PsG6PDH is a new member of G6PDH gene family and belongs to the cytosolic G6PDH gene. This is the first report on cloning of the G6PDH gene from woody plants.展开更多
Plastids of nongreen tissues import carbon as a source of biosynthetic pathways and energy, and glucose 6-phosphate is the preferred hexose phosphate taken up by nongreen plastids. A cDNA clone encoding glucose 6-phos...Plastids of nongreen tissues import carbon as a source of biosynthetic pathways and energy, and glucose 6-phosphate is the preferred hexose phosphate taken up by nongreen plastids. A cDNA clone encoding glucose 6-phosphate/phosphate translocator (GPT) was isolated from a cDNA library of immature seeds of rice and named as OsGPT. The cDNA has one uninterrupted open reading frame encoding a 42 kDa polypeptide possessing transit poptide consisting of 70 amino acid residues. The OsGPT gene maps on chromosome 8 of rice and is linked to the quantitative trait locus for 1000-grain weight. The expression of OsGPT is mainly re-stricted to heteretrephic tissues. These results suggest that glucose 6-phosphate imported via GPT can be used for starch biosynthesis in rice nongreen展开更多
Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is the most common enzyme deficiency of human erythrocyte affecting more than 400 million people worldwide. In India, G6PD deficiency was first reported in 1963 and ...Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is the most common enzyme deficiency of human erythrocyte affecting more than 400 million people worldwide. In India, G6PD deficiency was first reported in 1963 and since then various investigations have been conducted across country. The objective of this work was to study the prevalence of G6PD deficiency in different ethnic, caste and linguistic groups of Indian population. A systematic search of published literature was undertaken and the wide variability of G6PD deficiency has been observed ranging from 0% - 30.7% among the different caste, ethnic, and linguistic groups of India. It was observed that the incidence of G6PD deficiency was found to be considerably higher among the tribes (9.86%) as compared to other ethnic groups (7.34%) and significantly higher in males as compared to females.展开更多
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase has been purified from pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) seeds and subjected to characterization. The enzyme was purified 123.69 fold with a yield of 21.37% by ammonium sulphate fractionatio...Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase has been purified from pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) seeds and subjected to characterization. The enzyme was purified 123.69 fold with a yield of 21.37% by ammonium sulphate fractionation, PEG-4000 precipitation, CM cellulose column chromatography and DEAE cellulose column chromatography. The catalytically active enzyme is a dimer of 113 KDa with a subunit molecular weight of 55 KDa. Thermal inactivation of enzyme follows first order kinetics at 30°C and 40°C with half life of 6 and 1.5 min respectively. Km value for glucose-6-phosphate and NADP+ was found to be 2.68 mM and 0.75 mM respectively whereas Vmax value was found to be 0.11 U/mL and 0.13 U/mL respectively. The enzyme shows more affinity towards NADP+ than glucose-6-phosphate. The pKa value was found to be 10.41 indicating that the amino acid residue at active site might be lysine. The enzyme exhibited maximum catalytic activity at pH 8.2. The enzyme was found to be highly thermosensitive with gradual loss of activity above 30°C temperature.展开更多
Background: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is the most common human enzymopathy affecting 400 million people, globally. G6PD deficiency is an X-linked genetic condition, which is more likely to af...Background: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is the most common human enzymopathy affecting 400 million people, globally. G6PD deficiency is an X-linked genetic condition, which is more likely to affect males than females. Heterozygous females go undetected in a commonly used method. The aim of the study was to identify & rationalize different biochemical methods for detections of G6PD deficiency. Methods: Cross section retrospective study was conducted on 1584 (800 males, 784 females) blood samples collected from King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH) and King Fahd Armed force hospital (KFAFH) in Jeddah, Western Saudi Arabia. Blood samples were screened for G6PD activity by fluorescence spot test, semi quantitative color reduction test and spectrometric quantitative evaluation. Hemoglobin (Hb) was measured on the same sample by BC-3200 Auto hematology Analyser. G6PD activity was recorded as U/g Hb. Samples identified as deficient with cutoff ≤4.6 U/gHb. Results: The prevalence of G6PD deficiency identified by fluorescence spot test was 73(4.6%) and all were deficient male. By semi quantitative method, the prevalence rate was 51(3.2%) and again all were male deficit patients. However, when quantitative spectrometric method was used, the prevalence was found in 90(5.7%), where in 73(4.6%) deficient patients were males and 17(1.1%) were females. Conclusion: Since the fluorescence spot test did not miss any G6PD deficient male, it should be restricted to males and quantitative test should be done on females. Each ethnic group should cultivate their own cutoff value for categorization of deficient patients.展开更多
Novozym-435 Lipase-catalyzed transesterification of glucose with 11-dodecenoic ethyl ester in ionic liquids was investigated. The effect of substrate ratio, lipase content, and temperature on the activity and stabilit...Novozym-435 Lipase-catalyzed transesterification of glucose with 11-dodecenoic ethyl ester in ionic liquids was investigated. The effect of substrate ratio, lipase content, and temperature on the activity and stability of lipase was also studied. The highest yield of sugar ester was obtained in 1-buty-3-methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate [Bmim][BF4] under such conditions as the reaction temperature of 55℃, the enzyme concentration of 20 mg/mL, the mole ratio of glucose/11-dodecenoic ethyl ester of 1:2, the water content of the system of 2%, Lipase Novozym-435 can use repeatedly 7 times. The structure of production was characterized by FTIR, HPLC, MS and NMR. The results show that the production is 6-O-(11-dodecenoic)-glucose ester.展开更多
The sweet taste receptors comprised of T1r2 and T1r3, sense glucose concentrations in the gastrointestine. While hyperglycemia was reported to decrease the T1R2 and T1R3 tanscript levels in healthy subjects, no change...The sweet taste receptors comprised of T1r2 and T1r3, sense glucose concentrations in the gastrointestine. While hyperglycemia was reported to decrease the T1R2 and T1R3 tanscript levels in healthy subjects, no change was observed in type 2 diabetes patients. We investigated which glucose level and nutrients affect those transcript levels in MIN 6 and primary cultured taste buds cells using quantitative Reverse Trancription Polymerase Chain Reaction. High glucose diminished T1r2 transcript levels in MIN 6 and primary cultured taste buds cells. Resveratrol and its analogue augmented transcript levels of T1r1 and T1r2 above normal levels in MIN 6 cells in the medium with 25 mM glucose. Adenine, but not guanine, augmented T1r2 transcript levels of MIN 6 cells in the medium with 25 mM glucose. These results imply that nutrients in meals could affect sweet taste sensitivity by modulating T1r2 transcript levels in response to blood glucose levels.展开更多
文摘Intraperitoneal administration of the non-selective adenosine receptor agonist 5’-N-ethylcarboxamide-adenosine (NECA) (0.1 or 0.3 mg/kg) increased fasting serum glucose levels in mice. To clarify the mechanism responsible for this, the expression of liver glucose 6-phosphatase (G6Pase: a gluconeogenic enzyme) was analyzed, and it was found that G6Pase mRNA was increased by NECA treatment. Administration of 0.3 mg/kg NECA resulted in elevated serum glucose levels at 1 h and were further elevated at 6 h. Administration of 0.1 mg/kg NECA increased serum glucose levels at 1 h and had returned to control levels by 6 h. The increase in fasting serum glucose levels induced by NECA are thought to be caused, in part, by elevated G6Pase expression.
基金supported by the Postdoctoral Research Funds of Hebei Medical University(30705010016-3759)Natural Science Foundation of China(32272328)+4 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(B2022321001)National Key Research Project of Hebei Province(20375502D)Postdoctoral Research Project of Hebei Province(B2022003031)Science and Technology Research Program of Hebei Provincial Colleges(QN2023229)Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Health(2023YDYY-KF05)。
文摘Intermittent fasting can benefit breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy or immunotherapy.However,it is still uncertain how to select immunotherapy drugs to combine with intermittent fasting.Herein we observed that two cycles of fasting treatment significantly inhibited breast tumor growth and lung tissue metastasis,as well as prolonged overall survival in mice bearing 4T1 and 4T07 breast cancer.During this process,both the immunosuppressive monocytic-(M-)and granulocytic-(G-)myeloid-derived suppressor cell(MDSC)decreased,accompanied by an increase in interleukin(IL)7R^(+)and granzyme B^(+)T cells in the tumor microenvironment.Interestingly,we observed that Ly6G^(low)G-MDSC sharply decreased after fasting treatment,and the cell surface markers and protein mass spectrometry data showed potential therapeutic targets.Mechanistic investigation revealed that glucose metabolism restriction suppressed the splenic granulocytemonocyte progenitor and the generation of colony-stimulating factors and IL-6,which both contributed to the accumulation of G-MDSC.On the other hand,glucose metabolism restriction can directly induce the apoptosis of Ly6G^(low)G-MDSC,but not Ly6G^(high)subsets.In summary,these results suggest that glucose metabolism restriction induced by fasting treatment attenuates the immune-suppressive milieu and enhances the activation of CD3^(+)T cells,providing potential solutions for enhancing immune-based cancer interventions.
文摘Objective:To examine the effects of Sapium ellipticum(SE) leaf extract on the hepatic activities of glucokinase and glucose-6-phosphatase in streptozotocin-induced diabetic Wistar rats.Methods:STZ-induced diabetic Wistar rats(four groups,n = 8) were used in this study.SE was assessed at two different doses,400 and 800 mg/kg BW,in comparison with metformin(METF)(12 mg/kg BW) as a reference antidiabetic drug.All treatments were done orally(p.o),twice daily at 8 h interval for a period of 21 days.Glucokinase and glucose-6-phosphatase activities were respectively determined using standard protocols.Hepatic and muscle glycogen contents were estimated as well.Results:STZ caused significant decrease in glucose-6-phosphatase activity and concomitant increase in glucokinase activity.SE extract especially at 400 mg dosage significantly reversed the alterations by increasing glucokinase activity by 40.31% and inhibiting glucose-6-phosphatase activity by 37.29% compared to diabetic control animals.However,the effects were significantly lower than that of METF which enhanced glucokinase activity by94.76% and simultaneously inhibited glucose-6-phosphatase activity by 49.15%.The extract also improved hepatic glycogen level by 32.37 and 27.06% at 400 and 800 mg dosage respectively.HPLC-MS analysis of some SE fractions in dynamic MRM mode(using the optimized compound-specific parameters) revealed among other active compounds,the presence of amentoflavone,which has been associated with antidiabetic function.Conclusions:The ability of SE extract to concurrently inhibit glucose-6-phosphatase and activate glucokinase in this study suggests that it may be a treatment option for type 2 diabetes patients,and the presence of amentoflavone in the plant extract may account for its anti-diabetic potential.
文摘The lens HK, G6PD, AR activity and its relationship with fetal age was determined.There is a positive correlation between the age of fetus and the activity(IU/mg pro.) of HK and G6PD(r=0.8069, 0.8204, P<0.01) and a negetive correlation between the age of fetus and activity of AR(r=-0.810 1,0.05>P>0.01).
文摘目的研究孕早期妇女血清补体C1q/肿瘤坏死因子相关蛋白6(C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein 6,CTRP6)的表达水平,探讨其与妊娠糖尿病(gestational diabetes mellitus,GDM)的关系。方法前瞻性连续选取2021年3月至2022年3月在郑州大学第二附属医院门诊产检的孕10~13周孕妇,收集孕妇的年龄、身高、体质量、末次月经时间,检测孕早期总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、三酰甘油(triglyceride,TG)、高密度脂蛋白(high density lipoprotein,HDL)、低密度脂蛋白(low density lipoprotein,LDL)、空腹血糖(fasting plasma glucose,FPG)、糖化血红蛋白(glycosylated hemoglobin,HbA1c)、空腹胰岛素(fasting insulin,FINS)、CTRP6水平,计算孕前体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)、基线BMI、产前BMI和胰岛素抵抗指数(亦称胰岛素抵抗的稳态模型评估,homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance,HOMA-IR)。所有孕妇均于孕24~28周行75g口服葡萄糖耐量试验,根据试验结果分为GDM组和糖耐量正常(normal glucose tolerance,NGT)组。比较两组孕妇孕早期的临床资料及实验室指标,分析孕早期血清CTRP6与各指标的相关性及其与GDM的关系。结果共纳入孕妇213例,完整随访203例,其中52例孕妇被诊断为GDM,GDM发病率25.62%。GDM组孕妇的孕早期血清CTRP6、年龄、孕前BMI、基线BMI、产前BMI、TC、LDL、FPG、HbA1c、FINS、HOMA-IR均较NGT组升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。孕早期CTRP6与年龄、孕前BMI、基线BMI、产前BMI、TG、LDL、FPG、HbA1c、FINS、HOMA-IR呈正相关,与HDL呈负相关(P<0.05)。校正年龄、BMI、糖脂代谢指标及HOMA-IR后,孕早期CTRP6为GDM发病的独立影响因素。结论孕早期血清CTRP6升高与GDM相关,是GDM的独立危险因素。
文摘In order to investigate the functions of the gene PsG6PDH and the mechanisms underlying freezing tolerance of Populus suaveolens, the recombinant expression vector pET-G （pET30a-G6PDH）, which contained full encoding region of PsG6PDH gene, was established. The recombinant was identified by lawn-PCR and double enzyme digestion and then transformed into expression host XA90 and induced by isopropyl-a-D-thiogalactoside （IPTG） to express 100 kD polypeptide of G6PDH fusion protein. The results showed that the expressed amount of the fusion protein culminated after 1 mmol·L^-1 IPTG treatment for 4h and that pET-G product was predominately soluble and not extra-cellular secreting.
文摘Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase(G6PD) is a cytoplasmic enzyme with an important function in cell oxidative damage prevention.Erythrocytes have a predisposition towards oxidized environments due to their lack of mitochondria,giving G6 PD a major role in its stability.G6 PD deficiency(G6PDd) is the most common enzyme deficiency in humans:it affects approximately 400 million individuals worldwide.The overall G6 PDd allele frequency across malaria endemic countries is estimated to be 8%.corresponding to approximately 220 million males and 133 million females.However,there are no reports on the prevalence of G6 PDd in Andean communities where bartonellosis is prevalent.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 30271093)
文摘A 1 207 bp cDNA fragment (PsG6PDH) was amplified by RT-PCR from cold-induced total RNA of the freez- ing-tolerant P. Suaveolens, using primers based on the highly conserved region of published plant glucose-6-phosphate dehydro- genase (G6PDH) genes. The sequence analysis showed that PsG6PDH coding region had 1 101 bp and encoded 367 predicted amino acid residues. Moreover, the nucleotide sequence of PsG6PDH showed 83%, 82%, 79%, 79% and 78% identity, and the derived amino acid sequence shared 44.2%, 44.7%, 42.0%, 40.5% and 43.9% identity with those of the Solanum tuberosum, Nicotiana ta- bacum, Triticum aestivum, Oryza sativa and Arabidopsis thaliana, respectively. The results show that PsG6PDH is a new member of G6PDH gene family and belongs to the cytosolic G6PDH gene. This is the first report on cloning of the G6PDH gene from woody plants.
文摘Plastids of nongreen tissues import carbon as a source of biosynthetic pathways and energy, and glucose 6-phosphate is the preferred hexose phosphate taken up by nongreen plastids. A cDNA clone encoding glucose 6-phosphate/phosphate translocator (GPT) was isolated from a cDNA library of immature seeds of rice and named as OsGPT. The cDNA has one uninterrupted open reading frame encoding a 42 kDa polypeptide possessing transit poptide consisting of 70 amino acid residues. The OsGPT gene maps on chromosome 8 of rice and is linked to the quantitative trait locus for 1000-grain weight. The expression of OsGPT is mainly re-stricted to heteretrephic tissues. These results suggest that glucose 6-phosphate imported via GPT can be used for starch biosynthesis in rice nongreen
文摘Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is the most common enzyme deficiency of human erythrocyte affecting more than 400 million people worldwide. In India, G6PD deficiency was first reported in 1963 and since then various investigations have been conducted across country. The objective of this work was to study the prevalence of G6PD deficiency in different ethnic, caste and linguistic groups of Indian population. A systematic search of published literature was undertaken and the wide variability of G6PD deficiency has been observed ranging from 0% - 30.7% among the different caste, ethnic, and linguistic groups of India. It was observed that the incidence of G6PD deficiency was found to be considerably higher among the tribes (9.86%) as compared to other ethnic groups (7.34%) and significantly higher in males as compared to females.
文摘Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase has been purified from pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) seeds and subjected to characterization. The enzyme was purified 123.69 fold with a yield of 21.37% by ammonium sulphate fractionation, PEG-4000 precipitation, CM cellulose column chromatography and DEAE cellulose column chromatography. The catalytically active enzyme is a dimer of 113 KDa with a subunit molecular weight of 55 KDa. Thermal inactivation of enzyme follows first order kinetics at 30°C and 40°C with half life of 6 and 1.5 min respectively. Km value for glucose-6-phosphate and NADP+ was found to be 2.68 mM and 0.75 mM respectively whereas Vmax value was found to be 0.11 U/mL and 0.13 U/mL respectively. The enzyme shows more affinity towards NADP+ than glucose-6-phosphate. The pKa value was found to be 10.41 indicating that the amino acid residue at active site might be lysine. The enzyme exhibited maximum catalytic activity at pH 8.2. The enzyme was found to be highly thermosensitive with gradual loss of activity above 30°C temperature.
文摘Background: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is the most common human enzymopathy affecting 400 million people, globally. G6PD deficiency is an X-linked genetic condition, which is more likely to affect males than females. Heterozygous females go undetected in a commonly used method. The aim of the study was to identify & rationalize different biochemical methods for detections of G6PD deficiency. Methods: Cross section retrospective study was conducted on 1584 (800 males, 784 females) blood samples collected from King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH) and King Fahd Armed force hospital (KFAFH) in Jeddah, Western Saudi Arabia. Blood samples were screened for G6PD activity by fluorescence spot test, semi quantitative color reduction test and spectrometric quantitative evaluation. Hemoglobin (Hb) was measured on the same sample by BC-3200 Auto hematology Analyser. G6PD activity was recorded as U/g Hb. Samples identified as deficient with cutoff ≤4.6 U/gHb. Results: The prevalence of G6PD deficiency identified by fluorescence spot test was 73(4.6%) and all were deficient male. By semi quantitative method, the prevalence rate was 51(3.2%) and again all were male deficit patients. However, when quantitative spectrometric method was used, the prevalence was found in 90(5.7%), where in 73(4.6%) deficient patients were males and 17(1.1%) were females. Conclusion: Since the fluorescence spot test did not miss any G6PD deficient male, it should be restricted to males and quantitative test should be done on females. Each ethnic group should cultivate their own cutoff value for categorization of deficient patients.
文摘Novozym-435 Lipase-catalyzed transesterification of glucose with 11-dodecenoic ethyl ester in ionic liquids was investigated. The effect of substrate ratio, lipase content, and temperature on the activity and stability of lipase was also studied. The highest yield of sugar ester was obtained in 1-buty-3-methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate [Bmim][BF4] under such conditions as the reaction temperature of 55℃, the enzyme concentration of 20 mg/mL, the mole ratio of glucose/11-dodecenoic ethyl ester of 1:2, the water content of the system of 2%, Lipase Novozym-435 can use repeatedly 7 times. The structure of production was characterized by FTIR, HPLC, MS and NMR. The results show that the production is 6-O-(11-dodecenoic)-glucose ester.
文摘The sweet taste receptors comprised of T1r2 and T1r3, sense glucose concentrations in the gastrointestine. While hyperglycemia was reported to decrease the T1R2 and T1R3 tanscript levels in healthy subjects, no change was observed in type 2 diabetes patients. We investigated which glucose level and nutrients affect those transcript levels in MIN 6 and primary cultured taste buds cells using quantitative Reverse Trancription Polymerase Chain Reaction. High glucose diminished T1r2 transcript levels in MIN 6 and primary cultured taste buds cells. Resveratrol and its analogue augmented transcript levels of T1r1 and T1r2 above normal levels in MIN 6 cells in the medium with 25 mM glucose. Adenine, but not guanine, augmented T1r2 transcript levels of MIN 6 cells in the medium with 25 mM glucose. These results imply that nutrients in meals could affect sweet taste sensitivity by modulating T1r2 transcript levels in response to blood glucose levels.
