多枝赖草Glutathione Reductase基因克隆及胁迫表达分析

为了获得完整的谷胱甘肽还原酶基因序列,根据已克隆到的谷胱甘肽还原酶cDNA片段设计引物,利用RACE扩增获得了基因全长序列,应用Southern印迹杂交法分析基因存在状态,Northern印迹杂交法研究基因表达情况.结果表明,该基因全长1580 bp,含一个1 140 bp的开放阅读框架,编码380个氨基酸,与其它植物谷胱甘肽还原酶氨基酸序列的同源性在77%-92%之间;Southern杂交表明该基因有一个拷贝;Northern杂交表明在逆境胁迫下GR基因表达加强.

Polymorphisms of the oxidant enzymes glutathione S-transferase and glutathione reductase and their association with resistance of Plasmodium falciparum isolates to antimalarial drugs

Objective:To investigate the association between amplification of the two regulatory genes controlling glutathione(GSH) levels,glutathione reductase(PfGR) and glutathione S-transferase (PfGST) genes and sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum(P.falciparum) isolates collected from different malaria endemic areas of Thailand to standard antimalarial drugs.Methods:A total of 70 P.falciparum isolates were collected from endemic areas of multi-drug resistance (Tak,Chantaburi and Ranong Provinces) during the year 2008-2009.The in vitro assessment of antimalarial activity of P.falciparum clones(K1- and Dd2 chloroquine resistant and 3D7- chloroquine sensitive) and isolates to chloroquine,quinine,mefloquine and arteusnate was performed based on SYBR Green modified assay.Results:68(97.14%),11(15.71%) and 28(40%) isolates respectively were classified as chloroquine-,quinine- and mefloquine-resistant isolates. With this limited number of P.falciparum isolates included in the analysis,no significant association between amplification of PfGST gene and sensitivity of the parasite to chloroquine, quinine,mefloquine and quinine was found.Based on PCR analysis,Dd2,Kl and 3D7 clones all contained only one copy of the PfGST gene.All isolates(70) also carried only one copy number of PfGST gene.There appears to be an association between amplification of PfGR gene and chloroquine resistance.The 3D7 and Dd2 clones were found to carry only one PfGR gene copy, whereas the K1 clone carried two gene copies.Conclusions:Chloroquine resistance is likely to be a consequence of multi-factors and enzymes in the GSH system may be partly involved. Larger number of parasite isolates are required to increase power of the hypothesis testing in order to confirm the involvement of both genes as well as other genes implicated in glutathione metabolism in conferring chloroquine resistance.

Artesunate Effect on Schistosome Thioredoxin Glutathione Reductase and Cytochrome c Peroxidase as New Molecular Targets in Schistosoma mansoni-infected Mice

Objective To investigate the possible effect of artesunate （ART） on schistosome thioredoxin glutathione reductase （TGR） and cytochrome c peroxidase （CcP） in Schistosoma mansoni-infected mice. Methods A total of 200 laboratory bred male Swiss albino mice were divided into 4 groups （50 mice in each group）. Group I： infected untreated group （Control group） received a vehicle of 1% sodium carbonyl methylcellulose （CMC-Na）; Group II： infected then treated with artesunate; Group III infected then treated with praziquantel, and group IV： infected then treated with artesunate then praziquantel. Adult S. mansoni worms were collected by Animal Perfusion Method, tissue egg counted, TGR, and CcP mRNA Expression were estimated of in $. mansoni adult worms by semi-quantitative rt-PCR. Results Semi-quantitative rt-PCR values revealed that treatment with artesunate caused significant decrease in expression of schistosome TGR and CcP in comparison to the untreated group. In contrast, the treatment with praziquantel did not cause significant change in expression of these genes. The results showed more reduction in total worm and female worm count in combined ART-PZQ treated group than in monotherapy treated groups by either ART or PZO, Moreover, complete disappearance （100%） of tissue eggs was recorded in ART-PZQ treated group with a respective reduction rate of 95.9% and 68.4% in ART- and PZQ-treated groups. Conclusion The current study elucidated for the first time that anti-schistosomal mechanisms of artesunate is mediated via reduction in expression of schistosome TGR and CcP. Linking these findings, addition of artesunate to praziquantel could achieve complete cure outcome in treatment of schistosomiasis.

Glutathione Reductase, Liver Transaminases and Atypical Lymphocytes Count as Early Predictive Biomarkers in Diagnosis of Thrombocytopenia in Dengue Viral Infection

Objective: The aim of the study is to identify whether Atypical Lymphocyte (AL), liver transaminases, and Glutathione Reductase (GR) can be used as potential biomarkers in the assessment of severity and thrombocytopenia in dengue. Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was carried out on diagnosed dengue patients admitted to Nawaloka Hospital, Sri Lanka. Blood samples were taken from patients (n = 50) on the day of admission, 3rd and 5th day from admission for analysis of GR, aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, platelets, white blood cells, and Atypical Lymphocytes (AL). Results: GR level of all three measured stages had a higher area under the curve (>88%), high sensitivity and specificity compared to liver transaminases. A significant regression model represents on admission GR and AL levels as predictive variables to platelet levels in day 03 from admission (Day 3 Platelet level = 127155.3 - 383 * GR - 0.431 * AL). Conclusion: Liver transaminases, GR, and AL% can be considered as a profile of predictive biomarkers in early diagnosis of severity of dengue infection. The degree of thrombocytopenia can be predicted using on admission GR and AL% level in acute dengue viral infection.

大豆谷胱甘肽还原酶基因的扩增及连作胁迫应答

利用数据库Phytozome获得大豆胱甘肽还原酶(Glutathione reductase,GR)基因4个成员的编码序列(Coding sequence,CDS)序列,以大豆叶片和根中RNA为模板,经RT-PCR扩增获得Glyma10g03740和Glyma02g16010基因,二者大小均为1638 bp,基因结构相似;获得Glyma16g27210和Glyma02g08180基因,二者结构相似,基因大小均为1506 bp。系统进化分析显示,Glyma10g03740/Glyma02g16010和Glyma16g27210/Glyma02g08180蛋白聚类于不同分支,但分别都与豇豆、尖叶菜豆和芸豆亲缘关系最近。4个成员的结构域相同,均含有FAD/NAD-binding_dom结构域和Pyr_nucl-dis_OxRdtase_dimer结构域。三级结构显示Glyma16g27210和Glyma02g08180构象相似,Glyma10g03740和Glyma02g16010构象相似,4个蛋白均以二聚体结构存在,互作蛋白完全相同,包括2个硫氧还蛋白还原酶和8个硫氧还蛋白。RT-qPCR方法分析GRs基因对连作逆境的响应,结果显示,在连作胁迫下,敏感品种HF55的GRs基因表达在根中启动较早(出苗后15 d内),而叶片中启动较晚,出苗后45 d时表达仍呈上升趋势;对于抗性品种KX8,根和叶片中GRs基因各成员均在出苗后15~45 d表达量达到最高,30 d时根中GRs基因总表达量增加达19.03倍,叶片中GRs基因总表达量增加2.50倍。

联合检测GR、NO、IL-6对儿童病毒性心肌炎的评价

目的联合几项免疫介导的血清学指标来提高对儿童儿童病毒性心肌炎(VMC)的诊断效率,为临床提供早期的诊断价值,避免漏检对患儿引起的不良结局。方法收集泗洪医院2018年1月至2022年6月在儿科住院就诊符合条件的45例VMC病例纳入VMC组,45例单纯病毒感染患儿纳入NVMC组以及体检的50名正常儿童纳入对照组。收集研究对象一般资料,包括白细胞介素6(IL-6)、谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)、一氧化氮(NO)以及心肌酶谱、肌钙蛋白结果。用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线各单项指标对VMC的价值分析,并采用Logistic回归模型构建模型来预判VMC。结果VMC组的肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)、NO、IL-6含量明显高于NVMC组和对照组,而GR含量则明显低于后两组;用各单项指标来对VMC进行ROC曲线分析,结果显示特异性最高的是cTnI的0.907,敏感性最高的是IL-6的0.912,AUC面积最大的是NO,为0.883;由cTnI、CK-MB、GR、NO、IL-6等5项指标联合建立的回归模型,当诊断界值定为0.55时,模型对VMC的AUC为0.976,敏感性为0.977,特异性为0.982,此时约登指数最大为0.959。结论用NO、GR、IL-6联合cTnI、CK-MB构建的回归模型对VMC的诊断特异性以及敏感性明显高于其他的单一指标。能够为临床医生及早的诊断儿童VMC提供有力的依据和辅助。

Glutathione Enzymes and Liver Injury in Acute Dengue Viral Infection

Identification of redox markers may be of clinical significance in the management of dengue patients. This study is to identify the association between antioxidant enzymes, hematological parameters and liver transaminases in patients with acute dengue infection. Blood samples were taken from patients on the day of admission, day 05 and 07 from admission for analysis of glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione reductase (GR), aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) and hematological parameters. AST and ALT levels were significantly elevated (p < 0.05) on day 05 in dengue patients. In contrast, GPX and GR showed significantly low levels on day 05 compared to on the day of admission and day 07. Although there was a decline in the trend of platelets towards day 05, values were not significantly different. Dengue associated with liver injury appears to peak around day 05 when the GPX and GR enzymes levels in patients were the lowest suggesting that increased viral load in the acute phase of dengue infection has initiated an antioxidant imbalance. Thus, timely investigation of antioxidant enzymes (GR and GPX) and liver transaminases around day 05 of admission may be of value in the management of patients with dengue infection similar to as seen in platelet counts.

Influence of temperature on glutathione level and glutathione-related enzyme activities of Antarctic ice microalgae Chlamydomonas sp.ICE-L

GSH system plays a role in the control of the redox balance state, anti-oxidation and protecting life from injury of ROS （ reactive oxygen species）. In present paper, the possible GSH system of Chlamydomonas sp. ICE-L has been investigated by evaluating GSH and GSH-related enzymatic responses at different temperatures using spectrophotometer methods. The results showed that the GSH system is correlated positively to low temperature, and other factors but GR are correlated negatively to high temperature. So GSH and GSH-related enzymes play an important role in the adaptation of Antarctic ice microalgae to low temperature.

The effect of high fat food on erythrocyte phospholipids, fatty acids composition and glutathione redox-system of rats with alimentary dyslipidemia

To evaluate the effects of high fat food consisted of tallow (19% of total diets) and cholesterol (2%) on modification of erythrocyte phospholipids, fatty acids composition and glutathione redox- system of male Wistar rats with alimentary dysli- pidemia. The results demonstrated that after 30 and 180 days of high-fat feed erythrocyte phos- phatidylinositol and phosphatidylcholine levels were reduced, phosphatidylserine were in-creased. Only on the 90 days of the experiment phosphatidylinositol level increased. In all grow- ups the erythrocyte 18:0 saturated fatty acids and 20:4n6, 22:4n6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were increased. Deficit of n3 PUFA- 20:5n3 and 22:6n3 after 90 and 180 days high fat feed promoted compensatory synthesis from 18:1n9 on 20:3n9. Erythrocyte maleic dialde-hyde increased, glutathione level decreased in all groups of rats after fed with high-fat feed. Glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxi-dase activity decreased in erythrocytes after 30 and 180 days of high-fat feed. In conclusion: high-fat diet during 30-90 days started adaptive answer in lipids of membrane and glutathione redox-system. Important mechanism of adapta-tion of a cellular membrane to high-fat diet is increase major, structuring a membrane phos-phatidylethanolamine and minor, most meta-bolic significant fractions phospholipids (phos- phatidylinositol), keeps homeostasis of 18:2n6 and 22:6n3, 20:3n9 compensatory synthesis, decrease in activity of processes lipid peroxi-dation, activation of enzymes of redox-system glutathione. But prolonging the high-fat feeding (180 days and more) formed failure compensa-tory processes (dysadaptation). It is a risk factor of developmening atherosclerosis, diabetes, steatogepatitis and other diseases.

镉胁迫下杂交狼尾草微量元素Fe、Zn、Mn、Cu的吸收和转运

为探究杂交狼尾草(Pennisetum americanum×P. purpureum)对镉(Cd)胁迫的响应机制,采用盆栽试验,研究了不同浓度Cd胁迫下必需微量金属元素铁(Fe)、锌(Zn)、锰(Mn)、铜(Cu)的吸收、转运。结果表明:Cd处理下杂交狼尾草株高、分蘖数和生物产量均显著降低(P <0.05),70 mg·kg^(-1)Cd处理下杂交狼尾草仍保持21.26%的生物量。与对照相比,26 mg·kg^(-1)Cd处理对根中Fe、Zn、Mn、Cu含量无显著影响(P> 0.05),60 mg·kg^(-1)Cd处理下根中Fe、Zn含量显著增加、 Mn含量略有增加,70 mg·kg^(-1)Cd处理下根中Fe、 Zn、 Mn含量均显著增加,增幅分别高达97.69%、45.14%和13.00%。Cd处理显著降低地上部分Mn含量,对地上部分Fe、Zn、Cu含量无显著影响。Cd胁迫增大了根部Fe和Zn吸收系数、减小了地上部分Zn和Mn吸收系数,降低了Fe、Zn、Mn向上运输的能力。60~70mg·kg^(-1)Cd胁迫下杂交狼尾草根中Cu含量略有增加、地上部Cu含量略有下降(P> 0.05),Cu向上转运能力被显著抑制(P <0.05)。Cd处理下叶片硝酸还原酶活性显著下降(P <0.05),谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性显著升高(P <0.05)。研究结果表明,杂交狼尾草对Cd具有一定的耐受性,地上部分Fe、Zn、Cu水平无显著变化、Mn水平被抑制,Mn相关酶活性变化大;这为开发缓解Cd毒害的生理阻控材料提供了科学依据。

高血压伴冠脉病变患者的影响因素及谷胱甘肽还原酶诊断价值

目的:研究高血压(HTN)伴冠脉病变患者的影响因素及谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)诊断价值。方法:选取2022年1—10月在南京中医药大学附属苏州市中医医院心内科住院的140例HTN患者作为研究对象,所有患者均进行冠脉CT检查,根据冠脉病变(有、无)情况分为阳性组(n=90)和阴性组(n=50)。比较两组一般资料、GR水平,采用logistic回归分析HTN伴冠脉病变患者的影响因素,分析GR对冠脉病变的诊断价值。结果:两组年龄、合并疾病比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);但两组性别、吸烟史、GR水平比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。logistic分析结果显示,性别、吸烟史、GR均是发生冠脉病变的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。GR诊断冠脉病变的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.760(95%CI:0.679,0.841,P<0.05),最佳截断值为49.65 U/L时,敏感度为0.678,特异度为0.740。结论:HTN伴冠脉病变患者GR水平升高,性别、吸烟史、GR是HTN患者发生冠脉病变的独立影响因素,GR对HTN患者发生冠脉病变具有一定的辅助诊断价值。

两种不同品牌谷胱甘肽还原酶检测试剂盒的性能评价

目的评价Beckman Coulter AU5800全自动生化分析仪检测两种不同品牌血清谷胱甘肽还原酶检测试剂盒的分析性能。方法利用CNAS GL-037《临床化学定量检验程序性能验证指南》评估血清谷胱甘肽还原酶检测试剂盒的正确度、精密度、线性范围和参考区间。评价安徽大千生物工程有限公司和山东中拓生物医学工程科技有限公司两种检测试剂盒的分析性能。结果精密度:安徽大千的总精密度为3.31%和1.33%,山东中拓的总精密度为1.74%和2.15%。正确度:安徽大千的偏倚为6.36%,山东中拓的偏倚为8.0%。线性范围:安徽大千的线性范围为10~200U/L,山东中拓的线性范围为4~300U/L。参考范围:安徽大千和山东中拓均为33~73U/L。结论安徽大千和山东中拓的检测性能指标均符合相关要求。利用CNAS GL-037文件同时可进行同一项目不同试剂品牌的性能比较。

血清谷胱甘肽还原酶在HBV相关性肝病中的应用研究

目的探究血清谷胱甘肽还原酶(glutathione reductase,GR)在乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)相关性肝病中的应用。方法选取2021年4月至2022年4月于我院收治的120例HBV相关性肝病患者作为研究对象,40例健康人群为对照组;病例组为有乙型肝炎病史或乙型肝炎表面抗原阳性超过6个月的患者,同时将病例组分为慢性肝炎(CHB)组55例、肝硬化(HBV-LC)组40例和肝细胞癌(HBV-HCC)组25例。结果4组分析对比影响患者发生HBV相关性肝病与年龄、性别无关(P>0.05),与血清GR、肿瘤分期、总胆红素(total bilirubin,TBIL)、白球比(Alb/Glb,A/G)、γ-谷氨酰基转移酶(γ-glutamyltransfer-ase,γ-GGT)、谷丙转氨酶(alanine aminotransferase,ALT)、血氨(NH_(3))、甲胎蛋白(alpha fetal protein,AFP)及乙肝病毒的脱氧核糖核酸(hepatitis B virus-DNA,HBV-DNA)有关,且与对照组对比,CHB组患者血清GR、肿瘤分期、TBIL、HBV-DNA、GGT、A/G、NH_(3)、ALT及AFP表达上升;与CHB组患者比较,HBV-LC组血清GR、肿瘤分期、A/G、AFP、TBIL、NH_(3)、GGT、ALT及HBV-DNA水平升高;与HBV-LC组相比,HBV-HCC组患者血清GR、肿瘤分期、A/G、ALT、AFP、GGT、NH_(3)、TBIL及HBV-DNA表达有所提升(P<0.05)。血清GR及A/G、TBIL、ALT、GGT、AFP、NH_(3)、HBV-DNA与HBV相关性肝病均呈正相关,水平表达越高预示着病情越严重(P<0.05)。ROC曲线显示,血清GR联合ALT、TBIL、NH_(3)、AFP对HBV相关性肝病有较高的诊断效能(P<0.05)。结论患者发生HBV相关性肝病后血清GR呈高表达,血清GR水平变化与HBV相关性肝病患者病情严重程度有关,且血清GR检测可有效提高对此病症的诊断水平。

氧化应激标志物在前列腺增生患者中的表达水平及应用价值

目的探讨氧化应激标志物在前列腺增生患者中的表达水平及应用价值。方法选择鄂尔多斯市东胜区人民医院2019年7月—2022年7月收治的120例前列腺增生患者作为研究对象,纳入研究组;另外选择在本院健康体检的同期120名健康志愿者作为对照组。比较研究组与对照组以及不同病情严重程度患者的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)以及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)表达水平;分析前列腺增生严重程度与SOD、GSH-Px和GR水平的相关性;比较SOD、GSH-Px和GR单独与联合检测对前列腺增生的诊断效能。结果研究组SOD、GSH-Px水平均明显低于对照组[SOD(μmol/L):68.67±1.27比99.13±1.93,GSH-Px(mmol/L):24.17±1.52比32.84±1.92,均P<0.05],GR水平明显高于对照组(U/L:98.47±1.41比33.49±1.46,P<0.05);Ⅲ~Ⅳ度前列腺增大患者的SOD、GSH-Px水平均明显低于Ⅰ~Ⅱ度患者[SOD(μmol/L):65.56±3.72比72.33±2.83,GSH-Px(mmol/L):19.62±3.82比29.54±2.85,均P<0.05],GR水平明显高于Ⅰ~Ⅱ度患者(U/L:143.52±3.94比45.22±3.31,P<0.05)。相关性分析显示,患者的前列腺增生的严重程度与SOD、GSH-Px水平呈负相关,与GR水平呈正相关;SOD、GSH-Px和GR联合检测诊断前列腺增生的准确度、灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别为97.50%、99.17%、99.14%、95.97%、99.14%,明显高于单一指标诊断;受试者工作特征曲线(ROC曲线)结果显示,SOD、GSH-Px和GR联合检测诊断前列腺增生的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)明显高于单一指标检测。结论SOD、GSH-Px和GR在前列腺增生中的表达水平与疾病的严重程度呈现显著的相关性,可作为临床诊断的重要依据。

谷胱甘肽还原酶、α1酸性糖蛋白水平检测在原发性肝癌患者中诊断价值及临床分期的相关性研究

目的探讨谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)、α1酸性糖蛋白(α1-AG)水平检测在原发性肝癌患者中诊断价值及临床分期的相关性。方法选取2018年1月至2020年12月本院就诊的98例原发性肝癌患者作为研究组,另选择同期本院98名健康体检者为参照组。两组均接受GR、α1-AG检测,比较两组GR、α1-AG水平,研究组不同临床特征的GR、α1-AG水平,并采用Pearson相关分析GR与α1-AG相关性。结果研究组GR、α1-AG水平均高于参照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。原发性肝癌患者中不同性别、年龄、体重指数、肿瘤直径、乙肝病毒感染情况、分化程度等临床特征的α1-AG水平比较差异无统计学意义。不同性别、年龄、体重指数、乙肝病毒感染情况、分化程度等临床特征的GR水平比较,差异无统计学意义;临床分期Ⅲ、Ⅳ期GR、α1-AG水平均高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ期患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。肿瘤直径≥5 cm患者GR水平高于<5 cm患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Pearson相关分析结果显示,GR与α1-AG呈正相关(r=0.298,P=0.015)。结论GR、α1-AG可作为原发性肝癌的诊断指标,呈正相关关系,其检测水平与原发性肝癌的临床分期、肿瘤直径有关,有利于判断疾病进展情况。

长期染砷致家兔肝脏蛋白巯基水平及巯基代谢相关酶活力下降

目的探讨长期砷暴露对家兔肝脏蛋白巯基水平及与巯基代谢相关酶活力的影响及机制。方法家兔以自由饮水方式慢性暴露于无机3价砷(iAsⅢ)及5价砷(iAsⅤ),18周后,测定肝脏组织中蛋白巯基、非蛋白巯基、硫氧还蛋白(TRX)水平,以及硫氧还蛋白还原酶(TR)、谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)活性,同时检测血、尿及毛发中无机砷及其代谢产物甲基砷(MMAs)和二甲基砷(DMAs)。结果经过18周的砷暴露,两个染毒组血和尿中iAs、MMAs、DMAs以及毛发中iAs、DMAs均显著高于对照组;iAsⅤ组血中iAs、MMAs及尿中MMAs水平显著低于iAsⅢ组,而尿及毛发中iAs水平显著高于iAsⅢ组。iAsⅤ组总巯基及蛋白巯基水平显著低于对照组。iAsⅤ组TRX水平、TR及GR活力以及iAsⅢ组TR活力与对照组相比亦显著下降。结论家兔长期砷暴露导致肝脏中蛋白巯基水平及与巯基代谢密切相关的TR、GR活力显著下降,提示慢性无机砷暴露会引起肝脏内氧化及抗氧化失衡从而引发组织氧化损伤。

温度对南极衣藻ICE-L(Chlamydomonas sp.ICE-L)谷胱甘肽含量及其相关酶活性的影响

采用分光光度法研究了在不同温度下(包括最适温度、低于或高于最适温度)南极衣藻ICE-L(Chlamydomonassp.ICE-L)谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量、蛋白含量、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPx)、谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)和谷胱甘肽硫转移酶(GST)活性,同时分析了已适应高温(16℃)的衣藻重新适应低温(8℃)时这些指标的变化,以期阐明谷胱甘肽系统与南极冰藻低温适应性的关系。结果表明,当温度低于对照组(最适温度8℃)时,蛋白含量降低,而GSH含量、GPx、GST和GR活性上升,已适应高温的衣藻重新适应低温时也出现类似的结果。但当温度高于最适温度时,GSH含量、GST和GPx活性下降,而蛋白含量和GR活力有上升的趋势,GR活力增长幅度比低于最适温度时的变化小。由此可见谷胱甘肽系统在南极衣藻低温适应过程中,GSH、GPx、GR、GST与低温适应呈正相关,同时除GR外其他因子与南极衣藻高温适应呈负相关,GSH及其相关酶在南极冰藻低温适应中具有重要作用。

胎儿发育时期肾上腺的抗氧化功能

目的 了解胎儿发育期间肾上腺的抗氧化功能及其特征。方法 差速离心法制备胎组织亚细胞组分 ,测定多种抗氧化酶活性 ,并进行相关性分析。结果 肾上腺细胞胞浆内谷胱甘肽S 转移酶 (GST)α、π和 μ亚型活性分别是肝细胞浆的 0 .5倍、4 .4倍和 8.3倍 ,胎肾上腺和肝脏胞浆πGST活性皆随胎龄递减 (r =- 0 .5 79;r =- 0 .6 32 )。微粒体和线粒体中也可检测到πGST和πGST。肾上腺中超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和谷胱甘肽还原酶活性分别为肝脏的 2 .1倍、1.8倍和 5 .0倍 ,而过氧化氢酶活性则明显低于肝脏。电镜下显示 ,8月龄胎肾上腺细胞核周粗面内质网及游离核糖体明显增多 ,可见多个溶酶体 ,次级溶酶体和吞噬小体。结论 胎儿发育时期 ,肾上腺已具有较完善的抗氧化酶系统 。

水稻幼苗叶绿体保护系统对干旱的反应

干旱条件下水稻耐旱品种湘中籼２号比不耐旱品种湘早籼１２号具有较低的质膜相对透性、叶绿素含量降低较少，表明耐旱品种受伤害较轻，两个品种的抗坏血酸。过氧化物酶（ＡｓＡ－ＰＯＤ）均降低，但耐旱品种降低较少。耐旱品种的谷胱甘肽还原酶（ＧＲ）活性在干旱初期提高，不耐旱品种的则变化不大。０．０１ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ的百草枯和０．１ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ的Ｈ２Ｏ２亦能诱导耐旱品种的ＧＲ活性，但对不耐旱品种的ＧＲ活性不受影响，说明可能是干旱诱导的氧化胁迫诱导了ＧＲ活性。干旱条件下两品种的抗坏血酸（ＡｓＡ）和还原型谷胱甘肽（ＧＳＨ）含量均是先升后降，但耐旱品种提高幅度较大。结果表明，耐旱品种的叶绿体保护系统的活性比不耐旱品种的高。

α-萘酚对小球藻谷胱甘肽及其还原酶的影响

研究了--萘酚对2种小球藻谷胱甘肽-包括还型谷胱甘肽GSH与氧化型谷胱甘肽GSSG-含量及其还原酶-GR-活性的影响.结果表明,低浓度--萘酚对藻细胞的谷胱甘肽水平和GR活性有显著的激发作用,随着--萘酚浓度的升高,普通小球藻和蛋白核小球藻的GSH含量、谷胱甘肽总量及GR活性均有所提高,并分别在5mg/L和10mg/L时达到最大值,而GSSG均不断下降且在相同浓度下-2 mg/L-至最小后开始上升.GSSG/GSH先降后升的变化说明藻细胞在--萘酚胁迫下膜脂过氧化加剧,而GSH、GR在清除活性氧、消除过氧化方面起了重要作用.