Reproduction technologies(RTs)can provide for the reliable reproduction of amphibians,as well as perpetuation of species genetic variation with the use of biobanks.In 1982,in anticipation of the biodiversity conservat...Reproduction technologies(RTs)can provide for the reliable reproduction of amphibians,as well as perpetuation of species genetic variation with the use of biobanks.In 1982,in anticipation of the biodiversity conservation crisis,major Russian institutions collaborated in a dynamic program to develop and implement RTs for the sustainable management of amphibian biodiversity.An initial primary focus was the captive breeding of threatened Russian endemic anuran and caudate species,using RTs that varied from environmental manipulation to the use of exogenous gonadotropic hormones to stimulate reproduction.These species were mostly from Palearctic or cool mountain regions,but also included a wide range of species from warm regions.Other early achievements included the successful cryopreservation of anuran spermatozoa and anuran diploid pluripotent cell nuclei,in order to store both the matrilineal and patrilineal genomes in biobanks,with their subsequent development to the blastula stage after implantation into enucleated oocytes.After the turn of the 21st Century,in support of the priorities of the Amphibian Conservation Action Plan(2007),we developed RTs for the refrigerated storage of testicular or urinary spermatozoa for days to weeks at 4℃,the cryopreservation of urinary spermatozoa using anovel cryoprotectant,the in vitro fertilisation of hormonally induced oocytes either fresh or after refrigerated ex situ or in situ storage,and the artificial insemination of salamanders with fresh spermatozoa.In this article,we describe previously unpublished techniques and techniques from obscure Russian sources.展开更多
Mutations in the haemochromatosis gene (HFE) influence iron status in the general population of Northern Europe, and excess iron is associated with the impairment of spermatogenesis. The aim of this study is to inve...Mutations in the haemochromatosis gene (HFE) influence iron status in the general population of Northern Europe, and excess iron is associated with the impairment of spermatogenesis. The aim of this study is to investigate the association between three mutations (C282Y, H63D and S65C) in the HFEgene with idiopathic male infertility in the Chinese Han population. Two groups of Chinese men were recruited: 444 infertile men (including 169 with idiopathic azoospermia) and 423 controls with proven fertility. The HFEgene was detected using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique. The experimental results demonstrated that no C282Y or $65C mutations were detected. Idiopathic male infertility was not significantly associated with heterozygous H63D mutation (odds ratio=O.801, 95% confidence interval=0.452-1.421, X2=0.577, P=0.448). The H63D mutation frequency did not correlate significantly with the serum luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and testosterone (T) levels in infertile men (P=0.896, P=0.404 and P=O.05, respectively). Our data suggest that the HFEH63D mutation is not associated with idiopathic male reproductive dysfunction.展开更多
In the present study, a model is suggested to describe hormone control in male blue gourami (<i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Trichogaster trichopterus</span></i><span style=&...In the present study, a model is suggested to describe hormone control in male blue gourami (<i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Trichogaster trichopterus</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) along the gonadotropic brain</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Verdana;">pituitary</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Verdana;">- </span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Verdana;">gonad axis (BPG axis) and the hypothalamic-pituitary-somatotropic axis (HPS axis). This model is based on the cloning</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and transcription of genes encoding hormones of the two axes involved in spermatogenesis during blue gourami reproduction. Gene transcription is affected by environmental, biological, </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and behavioral factors. Mature males were examined in two different stages—nonreproductive in high-density habitats and reproductive in low-density </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">habitats. Based on gene transcription, gonadotropin-releasing hormone 1 (GnRH1) was involved in controlling spermatogenesis (spermatogonia to spermatids) via the BPG axis in nonreproductive and reproductive stages by controlling follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), 11-ketotestosterone (11KT) and 17</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">β</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-estradiol (E</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">). However, GnRH3 had a larger effect during the reproductive stage via the BPG axis (spermatids to sperm) on luteinizing hormone (LH), 11KT, and 17</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">α</span></i></span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Verdana;">hydroxyprogesterone (17P). At the same time, the HPS axis was involved in spermatogenesis via pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) and its related peptide PRP (formerly known as GHRH-like peptide) in the brain, and growth hormone (GH) in the pituitary affected synthesis of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) in the liver.</span>展开更多
The authors have observed, using an electron microscope, that the number of thesecretory granules and the development of various organelles in the apical epithelial cellof the Hatschek’s pit showed a positive correla...The authors have observed, using an electron microscope, that the number of thesecretory granules and the development of various organelles in the apical epithelial cellof the Hatschek’s pit showed a positive correlation with the gonadal development andmaturity. At the same time, only the epithelial cells respond to GnRH-A(gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue). Both cytological and endocrinological experiments demon-strate that the cell may be the primitive gonadotropic cell of amphioxus.展开更多
基金performed within the framework of State projects 122041100276-0 and 075-01027-2200。
文摘Reproduction technologies(RTs)can provide for the reliable reproduction of amphibians,as well as perpetuation of species genetic variation with the use of biobanks.In 1982,in anticipation of the biodiversity conservation crisis,major Russian institutions collaborated in a dynamic program to develop and implement RTs for the sustainable management of amphibian biodiversity.An initial primary focus was the captive breeding of threatened Russian endemic anuran and caudate species,using RTs that varied from environmental manipulation to the use of exogenous gonadotropic hormones to stimulate reproduction.These species were mostly from Palearctic or cool mountain regions,but also included a wide range of species from warm regions.Other early achievements included the successful cryopreservation of anuran spermatozoa and anuran diploid pluripotent cell nuclei,in order to store both the matrilineal and patrilineal genomes in biobanks,with their subsequent development to the blastula stage after implantation into enucleated oocytes.After the turn of the 21st Century,in support of the priorities of the Amphibian Conservation Action Plan(2007),we developed RTs for the refrigerated storage of testicular or urinary spermatozoa for days to weeks at 4℃,the cryopreservation of urinary spermatozoa using anovel cryoprotectant,the in vitro fertilisation of hormonally induced oocytes either fresh or after refrigerated ex situ or in situ storage,and the artificial insemination of salamanders with fresh spermatozoa.In this article,we describe previously unpublished techniques and techniques from obscure Russian sources.
基金We are grateful to the staff and volunteer participants for their close cooperation and significant contributions. We thank Mr Lian-Ping He (Department of Preventive Medicine, Wannan Medical College) for the statistical analysis. This work was supported by National Basic Research Program of China (No. 2010CB945102), National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30973197), National Science & Technology Pillar Program of China (No. 2008BAH24B05) and National Infrastructure Program of Chinese Genetic Resources (No. 2006DKA21300).
文摘Mutations in the haemochromatosis gene (HFE) influence iron status in the general population of Northern Europe, and excess iron is associated with the impairment of spermatogenesis. The aim of this study is to investigate the association between three mutations (C282Y, H63D and S65C) in the HFEgene with idiopathic male infertility in the Chinese Han population. Two groups of Chinese men were recruited: 444 infertile men (including 169 with idiopathic azoospermia) and 423 controls with proven fertility. The HFEgene was detected using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique. The experimental results demonstrated that no C282Y or $65C mutations were detected. Idiopathic male infertility was not significantly associated with heterozygous H63D mutation (odds ratio=O.801, 95% confidence interval=0.452-1.421, X2=0.577, P=0.448). The H63D mutation frequency did not correlate significantly with the serum luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and testosterone (T) levels in infertile men (P=0.896, P=0.404 and P=O.05, respectively). Our data suggest that the HFEH63D mutation is not associated with idiopathic male reproductive dysfunction.
文摘In the present study, a model is suggested to describe hormone control in male blue gourami (<i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Trichogaster trichopterus</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) along the gonadotropic brain</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Verdana;">pituitary</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Verdana;">- </span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Verdana;">gonad axis (BPG axis) and the hypothalamic-pituitary-somatotropic axis (HPS axis). This model is based on the cloning</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and transcription of genes encoding hormones of the two axes involved in spermatogenesis during blue gourami reproduction. Gene transcription is affected by environmental, biological, </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and behavioral factors. Mature males were examined in two different stages—nonreproductive in high-density habitats and reproductive in low-density </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">habitats. Based on gene transcription, gonadotropin-releasing hormone 1 (GnRH1) was involved in controlling spermatogenesis (spermatogonia to spermatids) via the BPG axis in nonreproductive and reproductive stages by controlling follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), 11-ketotestosterone (11KT) and 17</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">β</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-estradiol (E</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">). However, GnRH3 had a larger effect during the reproductive stage via the BPG axis (spermatids to sperm) on luteinizing hormone (LH), 11KT, and 17</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">α</span></i></span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Verdana;">hydroxyprogesterone (17P). At the same time, the HPS axis was involved in spermatogenesis via pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) and its related peptide PRP (formerly known as GHRH-like peptide) in the brain, and growth hormone (GH) in the pituitary affected synthesis of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) in the liver.</span>
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘The authors have observed, using an electron microscope, that the number of thesecretory granules and the development of various organelles in the apical epithelial cellof the Hatschek’s pit showed a positive correlation with the gonadal development andmaturity. At the same time, only the epithelial cells respond to GnRH-A(gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue). Both cytological and endocrinological experiments demon-strate that the cell may be the primitive gonadotropic cell of amphioxus.