In boys, central precocious puberty （CPP） is the appearance of secondary sex characteristics driven by pituitary gonadotropin secretion before the age of 9 years. In the last years, relevant improvements in the trea...In boys, central precocious puberty （CPP） is the appearance of secondary sex characteristics driven by pituitary gonadotropin secretion before the age of 9 years. In the last years, relevant improvements in the treatment of CPP have been achieved. Because CPP is rare in boys, the majority of papers on this issue focus on girls and do not address specific features of male patients regarding end results and safety. In the present paper, recent advances of CPP management with GnRH analogs in men are summarized. End results in untreated and treated patients are also reviewed by an analysis of the recently published literature on treatment of CPP in men. The available data indicate that therapy with GnRH analogs can improve final height into the range of target height without significant adverse short-term and long-term effects, but longer follow-up of larger series of patients is still required to draw definitive conclusions.展开更多
Objective: To study the effect of Guizhi Fuling Pill combined with gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog (GnRH-a) on cell proliferation and invasion as well as MEK/ERK pathway in endometriosis lesions. Methods: Patien...Objective: To study the effect of Guizhi Fuling Pill combined with gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog (GnRH-a) on cell proliferation and invasion as well as MEK/ERK pathway in endometriosis lesions. Methods: Patients who were diagnosed with endometriosis in Bazhong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine between November 2014 and March 2017 were selected as the research subjects and randomly divided into two groups, observation group received preoperative Guizhi Fuling Pill combined with GnRH analog therapy, and control group received preoperative GnRH analog monotherapy. After surgical resection, the endometriosis lesion was collected to determine the mRNA expression of proliferation and invasion-related genes as well as the protein expression of MEK/ERK pathway molecules. Results: Id-1, Sema3A, c-IAP1, OPN and uPA mRNA expression as well as p-MEK, p-EKR1/2, caspase-3 and MMP2 protein expression in endometriosis lesion of observation group were significantly lower than those of control group while Bak, Smac, PAI-1, TIMP1 and TIMP2 mRNA expression as well as caspase-3 protein expression were significantly higher than those of control group. Conclusion: Guizhi Fuling Pill combined with GnRH analog can inhibit the cell proliferation and invasion as well as the MEK/ERK pathway activation in endometriosis lesions.展开更多
Background：In central precocious puberty （CPP）,the pulse secretion and release ofgonadotropin-releasing hormone （GnRH） are increased due to early activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis,resulting in...Background：In central precocious puberty （CPP）,the pulse secretion and release ofgonadotropin-releasing hormone （GnRH） are increased due to early activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis,resulting in developmental abnormalities with gonadal development and appearance of secondary sexual characteristics.The CPP without organic disease is known as idiopathic CPP （ICPP）.The objective of the study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of domestic leuprorelin （GnRH analog） in girls with ICPP.Methods：A total of 236 girls with ICPP diagnosed from April 2012 to January 2014 were selected and were randomized into two groups.One hundred fifty-seven girls in the test group were treated with domestic leuprorelin acetate,79 girls in the control group were treated with imported leuprorelin acetate.They all were treated and observed for 6 months.After 6-month treatment,the percentage of children with peak luteinizing hormone （LH） ≤3.3 U/L,the percentage of children with peak LH/peak follicle stimulating hormone （FSH） ratio 〈0.6,the improvements of secondary sexual characteristics,gonadal development and sex hormone levels,the change of growth rate of bone age （BA） and growth velocity,and drug adverse effects between two groups were compared.Results：After the treatment,the percentage of children with a suppressed LH response to GnRH,defined as a peak LH ≤3.3 U/L,at 6 months in test and control groups were 96.80% and 96.20%,respectively,and the percentage of children with peak LH/FSH ratio ≤0.6 at 6 months in test and control groups were 93.60% and 93.70%,respectively.The sizes of breast,uterus and ovary of children and the levels of estradiol （E2） were significantly reduced,and the growth rate of BA was also reduced.All the differences between pre-and post-treatment in each group were statistically significant （P 〈 0.05）,but the differences of the parameters between two groups were not significant （P 〉 0.05）.Conclusions：Domestic leuprorelin is effective and safe in the treatment of Chinese girls with ICPP.Its effectiveness and safety are comparable with imported leuprorelin.展开更多
文摘In boys, central precocious puberty （CPP） is the appearance of secondary sex characteristics driven by pituitary gonadotropin secretion before the age of 9 years. In the last years, relevant improvements in the treatment of CPP have been achieved. Because CPP is rare in boys, the majority of papers on this issue focus on girls and do not address specific features of male patients regarding end results and safety. In the present paper, recent advances of CPP management with GnRH analogs in men are summarized. End results in untreated and treated patients are also reviewed by an analysis of the recently published literature on treatment of CPP in men. The available data indicate that therapy with GnRH analogs can improve final height into the range of target height without significant adverse short-term and long-term effects, but longer follow-up of larger series of patients is still required to draw definitive conclusions.
文摘Objective: To study the effect of Guizhi Fuling Pill combined with gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog (GnRH-a) on cell proliferation and invasion as well as MEK/ERK pathway in endometriosis lesions. Methods: Patients who were diagnosed with endometriosis in Bazhong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine between November 2014 and March 2017 were selected as the research subjects and randomly divided into two groups, observation group received preoperative Guizhi Fuling Pill combined with GnRH analog therapy, and control group received preoperative GnRH analog monotherapy. After surgical resection, the endometriosis lesion was collected to determine the mRNA expression of proliferation and invasion-related genes as well as the protein expression of MEK/ERK pathway molecules. Results: Id-1, Sema3A, c-IAP1, OPN and uPA mRNA expression as well as p-MEK, p-EKR1/2, caspase-3 and MMP2 protein expression in endometriosis lesion of observation group were significantly lower than those of control group while Bak, Smac, PAI-1, TIMP1 and TIMP2 mRNA expression as well as caspase-3 protein expression were significantly higher than those of control group. Conclusion: Guizhi Fuling Pill combined with GnRH analog can inhibit the cell proliferation and invasion as well as the MEK/ERK pathway activation in endometriosis lesions.
文摘Background：In central precocious puberty （CPP）,the pulse secretion and release ofgonadotropin-releasing hormone （GnRH） are increased due to early activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis,resulting in developmental abnormalities with gonadal development and appearance of secondary sexual characteristics.The CPP without organic disease is known as idiopathic CPP （ICPP）.The objective of the study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of domestic leuprorelin （GnRH analog） in girls with ICPP.Methods：A total of 236 girls with ICPP diagnosed from April 2012 to January 2014 were selected and were randomized into two groups.One hundred fifty-seven girls in the test group were treated with domestic leuprorelin acetate,79 girls in the control group were treated with imported leuprorelin acetate.They all were treated and observed for 6 months.After 6-month treatment,the percentage of children with peak luteinizing hormone （LH） ≤3.3 U/L,the percentage of children with peak LH/peak follicle stimulating hormone （FSH） ratio 〈0.6,the improvements of secondary sexual characteristics,gonadal development and sex hormone levels,the change of growth rate of bone age （BA） and growth velocity,and drug adverse effects between two groups were compared.Results：After the treatment,the percentage of children with a suppressed LH response to GnRH,defined as a peak LH ≤3.3 U/L,at 6 months in test and control groups were 96.80% and 96.20%,respectively,and the percentage of children with peak LH/FSH ratio ≤0.6 at 6 months in test and control groups were 93.60% and 93.70%,respectively.The sizes of breast,uterus and ovary of children and the levels of estradiol （E2） were significantly reduced,and the growth rate of BA was also reduced.All the differences between pre-and post-treatment in each group were statistically significant （P 〈 0.05）,but the differences of the parameters between two groups were not significant （P 〉 0.05）.Conclusions：Domestic leuprorelin is effective and safe in the treatment of Chinese girls with ICPP.Its effectiveness and safety are comparable with imported leuprorelin.
