Since the late Ming dynasty to 1856 Qing dynasty,"shu shui gong sha"is the authentic theorem of water-control in lower reaches of Huang-he river,but plan was always used period of time which appeared problem...Since the late Ming dynasty to 1856 Qing dynasty,"shu shui gong sha"is the authentic theorem of water-control in lower reaches of Huang-he river,but plan was always used period of time which appeared problem and to be fail.Based History geography’s view,we can see it was resulted in land-increasing and bayou-extending from bedload which be eroded by water.In Ming and Qing dynasty,the coastline varied prodigiouss near the bayou,the bayou reached 90 km eastwardly,which elongated the riverway in lower reaches of Huang-he river in disguised form,caused the gradient minish,the water flowed slowly,the bedload deposited on riverbed,which conduced the bank bursted easily in the flood season,result flood in a high frequency.Finally,the river to be hang river,the bank difficult to be maintained,the Huang-he river be compelled to flow northly to the Bo-hai sea,the "shu shui gong sha" failed.展开更多
Qì Gōng is a type of exercise that involves meditation and is used for health. With a background from the martial arts, it is known also as an auto healing exercise with three main elements according to Traditio...Qì Gōng is a type of exercise that involves meditation and is used for health. With a background from the martial arts, it is known also as an auto healing exercise with three main elements according to Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM): body focus (posture and movement), breathing and mind focus (meditative elements). Heart rate variability is a tool that allows us to measure the autonomic system velocity to detect and respond to unexpected stimuli. So our goal was to build a systematic review of Qi Gong and Heart rate variability. PUBMED, EBSCO and Science Direct data bases were searched. Key terms (MeSH) were Heart Rate Variability and Ch’i Kung OR Qi Gong with a 10-year filter. Four independent reviewers analyzed all articles and excluded duplicated articles, articles in Chinese and articles with no adherence to the subject. The end result was 5 studies selected. Our results showed no significant improvements in HRV with the practice of Qì Gōng, probably because of data heterogeneity. We found 5 types of Qì Gōng, 3 different instruments and different time intervals to measure HRV and 2 different age groups in the studies. We can conclude that there is evidence that Qì Gōng can improve HRV but studies that would use the same parameters are needed to further confirm that.展开更多
Gong Ju,Member,Chinese Academy of Sciences In 1953 Prof.Gong Ju was recruited by People’s Liberation Army to be a teacher in Department of Anatomy of the Fourth Military Medical University,a school just established a...Gong Ju,Member,Chinese Academy of Sciences In 1953 Prof.Gong Ju was recruited by People’s Liberation Army to be a teacher in Department of Anatomy of the Fourth Military Medical University,a school just established and located in Xi'an,a very back-woods city.The university had little,if any,research facilities.展开更多
Objective: Qi Gong is a mind-and-body intervention to improve health and relieve disease conditions,which has been practiced for thousands of years. Lack of quantitative measures to monitor the quality and progress of...Objective: Qi Gong is a mind-and-body intervention to improve health and relieve disease conditions,which has been practiced for thousands of years. Lack of quantitative measures to monitor the quality and progress of Qi Gong practice has hindered the high-quality study to evaluate its health benefits.Methods: To develop such quantitative measures, vital sign changes in Qi Gong meditation practice of a single individual were monitored for 5 years by wearable devices.Results: This retrospective and exploratory analysis revealed significant changes in blood oxygen saturation, pulse rate, respiration rate, and perfusion index in response to Qi Gong practice and physiological adaptation to its long-term training. Among the physiological changes in vital signs, a physiological state with a significant 2-fold increase in pulse-respiration rate ratio was detected during Qi Gong meditation while the ratios were maintained at 4 under resting, sleeping, and mild cycling conditions.Conclusion: This is an inaugural report of a five-year longitudinal observation of this kind. Once validated in a well-designed cohort study, these non-invasive and easily obtained vital signs may be used as biomarkers to assess the adherence to breathing control during Qi Gong practice and can be applied to quantify the quality of Qi Gong practice in clinical trials with Qi Gong intervention.展开更多
文摘Since the late Ming dynasty to 1856 Qing dynasty,"shu shui gong sha"is the authentic theorem of water-control in lower reaches of Huang-he river,but plan was always used period of time which appeared problem and to be fail.Based History geography’s view,we can see it was resulted in land-increasing and bayou-extending from bedload which be eroded by water.In Ming and Qing dynasty,the coastline varied prodigiouss near the bayou,the bayou reached 90 km eastwardly,which elongated the riverway in lower reaches of Huang-he river in disguised form,caused the gradient minish,the water flowed slowly,the bedload deposited on riverbed,which conduced the bank bursted easily in the flood season,result flood in a high frequency.Finally,the river to be hang river,the bank difficult to be maintained,the Huang-he river be compelled to flow northly to the Bo-hai sea,the "shu shui gong sha" failed.
文摘Qì Gōng is a type of exercise that involves meditation and is used for health. With a background from the martial arts, it is known also as an auto healing exercise with three main elements according to Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM): body focus (posture and movement), breathing and mind focus (meditative elements). Heart rate variability is a tool that allows us to measure the autonomic system velocity to detect and respond to unexpected stimuli. So our goal was to build a systematic review of Qi Gong and Heart rate variability. PUBMED, EBSCO and Science Direct data bases were searched. Key terms (MeSH) were Heart Rate Variability and Ch’i Kung OR Qi Gong with a 10-year filter. Four independent reviewers analyzed all articles and excluded duplicated articles, articles in Chinese and articles with no adherence to the subject. The end result was 5 studies selected. Our results showed no significant improvements in HRV with the practice of Qì Gōng, probably because of data heterogeneity. We found 5 types of Qì Gōng, 3 different instruments and different time intervals to measure HRV and 2 different age groups in the studies. We can conclude that there is evidence that Qì Gōng can improve HRV but studies that would use the same parameters are needed to further confirm that.
文摘Gong Ju,Member,Chinese Academy of Sciences In 1953 Prof.Gong Ju was recruited by People’s Liberation Army to be a teacher in Department of Anatomy of the Fourth Military Medical University,a school just established and located in Xi'an,a very back-woods city.The university had little,if any,research facilities.
文摘Objective: Qi Gong is a mind-and-body intervention to improve health and relieve disease conditions,which has been practiced for thousands of years. Lack of quantitative measures to monitor the quality and progress of Qi Gong practice has hindered the high-quality study to evaluate its health benefits.Methods: To develop such quantitative measures, vital sign changes in Qi Gong meditation practice of a single individual were monitored for 5 years by wearable devices.Results: This retrospective and exploratory analysis revealed significant changes in blood oxygen saturation, pulse rate, respiration rate, and perfusion index in response to Qi Gong practice and physiological adaptation to its long-term training. Among the physiological changes in vital signs, a physiological state with a significant 2-fold increase in pulse-respiration rate ratio was detected during Qi Gong meditation while the ratios were maintained at 4 under resting, sleeping, and mild cycling conditions.Conclusion: This is an inaugural report of a five-year longitudinal observation of this kind. Once validated in a well-designed cohort study, these non-invasive and easily obtained vital signs may be used as biomarkers to assess the adherence to breathing control during Qi Gong practice and can be applied to quantify the quality of Qi Gong practice in clinical trials with Qi Gong intervention.