A Win-Win Undergraduate Graduation Design Model for Students, Teachers, and Training Platforms

Undergraduate graduation design is an important link in the process of undergraduate training,and university platforms have invested a lot of manpower and material resources for this purpose.However,while carrying out student training,it has gradually become the consensus of most university platforms to achieve a win-win situation for teachers and training platforms in order to achieve optimization of resource allocation and motivation of student training.After discussion and practice,this paper proposes a set of undergraduate graduation design training concepts and training modes with a win-win situation for students,teachers,and training platforms.

新时代工科研究生多维度全过程培养探讨

交通运输工程研究生培养面向国家交通强国建设需要,培养适应未来科技进步、德智体全面发展,掌握交通运输工程学科基础理论和专业知识的交通运输工程领域系统人才,能够胜任大型工程技术研发与管理等方面工作,具有良好的创新能力、国际视野和领导意识的高层次工程技术应用型人才。该文从培养方案顶层设计、学术素养与国际视野、导师多方位跟踪制培养、课题组团队精神文明建设、高年级学长逐级传帮带、专业实践与社会实践教育、年度思政与过程考核、工程项目研究与技能训练、学位论文撰写与评审九个维度开展新时代工科研究生的全过程培养。

基于核Fisher判别分析的船舶中央冷却器状态评估

为实现船舶系统或设备的实时状态评估,本文采用核Fisher判别分析法,以船舶中央冷却器为例,选择合适的核函数及核参数,利用其正常数据和异常数据建立状态评估模型,即最佳投影方向,并利用过程数据验证其有效性。结果表明,核Fisher判别分析法无需深入分析中央冷却器的结构与原理即可有效识别中央冷却器的正常工况和异常工况,同时能够通过投影值准确描述过程工况的变化过程。在故障发展初期,根据运行参数投影值的变化趋势,可判断船舶系统或设备状态的发展趋势,为早期发现船舶系统或设备的重复性故障提供有效手段。对于船舶系统或设备而言,具有重要的工程实际应用意义。

中职院校机械设备装调实践课程教学模式探索与优化

机械设备装调实践课程可以培养学生机械设备的安装、调试和维护能力,提高实际操作水平。该文通过分析机械设备装调实践传统课程存在的理论与实践脱节、教学资源有限等问题,提出一种基于项目导向的教学方法,通过实际项目和任务引导学生进行自主学习和实践操作,增强学生的动手能力和问题解决能力。同时,优化教学资源配置,充分利用现代化教学工具和设备,促进教学质量的提升,旨在为中职院校机械专业教学改革提供参考。

新能源电压型PWM变流器定频直接功率控制

在新能源电压型脉宽调制(PWM)变流器的控制中,空间矢量调制直接功率控制(DPC-SVM)成为研究的热点。传统DPC-SVM方法瞬时有功功率在变流器两侧的传输速度相差很大,当负载变化较大较快时,会引起直流电压产生过冲,对设备造成损害。本文对影响功率动态响应能力的因素进行了深入分析,推导了瞬时功率动态响应能力与变流器相关参数之间的关系,提出了利用动态过程中的瞬时无功功率加快能量在变流器两侧交换速度的一种控制方法。实验结果表明这种控制方法实现了快速功率响应控制,并且其稳态运行性能良好。该控制方法实现简单,具有一定的实用价值。

水平定向钻施工技术在水利工程中的应用

结合唐山市滦河下游输水干渠西延工程,深入研究了水平定向钻的关键施工技术,包括钻孔曲线设计、扩孔施工、管线焊接与防腐、管线焊缝检测、管线检验等多个方面,同时提出了相应的施工质量控制措施。通过对水平定向钻施工技术在水利工程中的应用进行深入研究,结合水平定向钻施工技术的环保、高效、减少对地表和环境破坏等优势,建议在复杂地质条件和环境敏感区域广泛采用该技术进行管道铺设和水利设施建设。

A Comparative Analysis of RAD and Agile Technique for Management of Computing Graduation Projects

Computing students face the problem with time and quality of the work while managing their graduation/senior projects.Rapid Application Development(RAD)model is based on continual user involvement for the process of requirement gathering via prototyping.After each iteration,the developers can validate the requirements that are completed in the iteration.Managing a project with RAD is easier but not flexible.On the other hand,Agile project management techniques focus on flexibility,agility,teamwork and quality based on user stories.Continual user involvement is avoided,which requires extensive maintenance time for fixing iteration and release of the story points.This also makes it necessary to provide onsite training to the users of the application.This research provides the pros and cons of RAD and Agile project management techniques,to help students in deciding the best approach for managing their graduation projects.For the evaluation of these techniques,similar case studies were given to the senior project students(having similar CGPAs)for building similar functionality-based applications.The two projects“Life Organizer”developed and managed using RAD and“Smart Patient Assistant(SPA)”developed and managed through Agile methodology were evaluated against the quality assurance criteria for senior projects.The study found that the project developed with RAD methodology performed 13.33%better in providing extensive and elaborated documentation than the students following the Agile technique.On the other hand,SPA-Agile based project,due to teamwork had 2.5%better implementation than Life Organizer-RAD based project.

Radial Basis Function Interpolation and Galerkin Projection for Direct Trajectory Optimization and Costate Estimation

This work presents a novel approach combining radial basis function(RBF)interpolation with Galerkin projection to efficiently solve general optimal control problems.The goal is to develop a highly flexible solution to optimal control problems,especially nonsmooth problems involving discontinuities,while accounting for trajectory accuracy and computational efficiency simultaneously.The proposed solution,called the RBF-Galerkin method,offers a highly flexible framework for direct transcription by using any interpolant functions from the broad class of global RBFs and any arbitrary discretization points that do not necessarily need to be on a mesh of points.The RBF-Galerkin costate mapping theorem is developed that describes an exact equivalency between the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker(KKT)conditions of the nonlinear programming problem resulted from the RBF-Galerkin method and the discretized form of the first-order necessary conditions of the optimal control problem,if a set of discrete conditions holds.The efficacy of the proposed method along with the accuracy of the RBF-Galerkin costate mapping theorem is confirmed against an analytical solution for a bang-bang optimal control problem.In addition,the proposed approach is compared against both local and global polynomial methods for a robot motion planning problem to verify its accuracy and computational efficiency.

A CLASS OF MULTIWAVELETS AND PROJECTED FRAMES FROM TWO-DIRECTION WAVELETS

This article aims at studying two-direction refinable functions and two-direction wavelets in the setting R^s, s 〉 1. We give a sufficient condition for a two-direction refinable function belonging to L^2（R^s）. Then, two theorems are given for constructing biorthogonal （orthogonal） two-direction refinable functions in L^2（R^s） and their biorthogonal （orthogonal） two-direction wavelets, respectively. From the constructed biorthogonal （orthogonal） two-direction wavelets, symmetric biorthogonal （orthogonal） multiwaveles in L^2（R^s） can be obtained easily. Applying the projection method to biorthogonal （orthogonal） two-direction wavelets in L^2（R^s）, we can get dual （tight） two-direction wavelet frames in L^2（R^m）, where m ≤ s. From the projected dual （tight） two-direction wavelet frames in L^2（R^m）, symmetric dual （tight） frames in L^2（R^m） can be obtained easily. In the end, an example is given to illustrate theoretical results.

Face recognition using illuminant locality preserving projections

A novel supervised manifold learning method was proposed to realize high accuracy face recognition under varying illuminant conditions. The proposed method, named illuminant locality preserving projections （ILPP）, exploited illuminant directions to alleviate the effect of illumination variations on face recognition. The face images were first projected into low dimensional subspace, Then the ILPP translated the face images along specific direction to reduce lighting variations in the face. The ILPP reduced the distance between face images of the same class, while increase the dis tance between face images of different classes. This proposed method was derived from the locality preserving projections （LPP） methods, and was designed to handle face images with various illumi nations. It preserved the face image＇ s local structure in low dimensional subspace. The ILPP meth od was compared with LPP and discriminant locality preserving projections （DLPP）, based on the YaleB face database. Experimental results showed the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm on the face recognition with various illuminations.

DIRECT VOXEL-PROJECTION FOR VOLUMETRIC DATA RENDERING IN MEDICAL IMAGERY

The volumetric rendering of 3 D medical image data is very effective method for communication about radiological studies to clinicians. Algorithms that produce images with artifacts and inaccuracies are not clinically useful. This paper proposed a direct voxel projection algorithm to implement volumetric data rendering. Using this algorithm, arbitrary volume rotation, transparent and cutaway views are generated satisfactorily. Compared with the existing raytracing methods, it improves the projection image quality greatly. Some experimental results about real medical CT image data demonstrate the advantages and fidelity of the proposed algorithm.

Design and Validation of Leadership Education Integrating Simulation and Project Based Learning

All engineering students need to develop their important skills of leadership in project management. Many students have never been leaders in their social and school lives. A leading role is unimaginable to them and hence they cannot imagine how to achieve it. The purpose of this paper is to report a result of a new leadership education program which links a variety of simulated experiences with real actions of students in project based learning （PBL） to develop their leadership ability. The first step is for graduate students to gain knowledge in the leadership arena. Then, they utilize simulation to experience leadership actions many times. Simulation provides a safe environment in which they can try out many different approaches in taking leadership in various situations. In the next step, students as a team utilize PBL, so that the above simulated experiences can help them to actually take leadership. Students can apply trained leadership to actual projects. It is highly effective to apply conscious leadership to a project aimed at a specific goal in limited circumstances. This education repeats both of the steps above, raising leadership abilities in an upward spiral. In terms of students＇ evaluation of leadership education in project management, 360-degree assessments were carried out by teachers, senior, and junior students before and after the course, and authors compare their assessments thoroughly. As a result, authors are assured that students not only gained knowledge but also raised leadership abilities in their actions after this education. Six months after the time of leadership education employing simulated experiences and PBL, follow-up interviews were conducted on its effects. Authors recognized the cyclic period that students apply simulated experiences to PBL and that they seek different approaches in simulation for solving problems found in reality. This research concludes that this cycle of simulator and PBL can produce effective leadership actions.

The Role of Nuclear Regulators in Reviewing Population Growth Projections

One of the roles of nuctear regulators is to review population projections calculated by applicants for populations lying in the vicinity of nuclear power plants. This paper examines methods of calculating rates of growth and thus calculating future population growth. This paper is concerned about regulators making sure that nuclear power plants are not located near densely populated centers and that population centers located near nuclear power plants do not become densely populated. In the case of El Dabaa city in the north coast of Egypt, south west of the nominated plant site, three rates of growth 1.5%, 2.5% and 3% were identified. The first is the current population growth rate of the city, the second is the average national growth rate and the third is the expected growth rate of the city when the nuclear power plant gets constructed and operated. In all three cases, this city is a population center and rules of distance from the nuclear power plant shall apply. Thus the further natural growth of this city should be controlled and directed away from the downwind of the plant.

工科类本科生毕业设计管理模式探索

本科生毕业设计是工科类本科生培养过程中的重要实践性教学环节。该文阐述本科毕业设计管理模式研究的重要性,调研中外部分优秀高校工科类本科毕业设计在选题、时间安排、过程管理和知识方法指导方面的管理模式与方法,并运用实证调研的方法研究国内工业工程专业案例。发现目前仍存在选题实践性不够、时间安排不够灵活、欠缺指导等问题。最后提出增进产学研合作、加强规范化管理、增加知识能力培养等建议。

On Relatively Semi-projective and Direct-projective Modules

In this paper, the ＂relative＂ version of semi-projectivity is considered. Let M and N be modules. N is called M-semi-projective, if any homomorphism from N to an M-eyclie submodule f（M） of N can be factored through to a homomorphism from N to M and f, where f∈[M, N]. Some properties of relative semi-projectivity are obtained. Next, we consider a wider class of ＂elatively semi-projective＂ modules such as ＂elatively direct-projective＂ modules which were introduced by Nicholson and Zhou. Several properties of their homomorphisms are also obtained.

Practice Research on Standardization of Undergraduate Graduation Design of Tunnel and Underground Engineering

Graduation project(thesis)is an important practice part in undergraduate education,which forms an organic whole with theoretical teaching link,and it is the continuation,deepening and examination of the theoretical teaching part.This paper focuses on the constitution that the lack of quality standards for undergraduate graduation design,resulting in different depth and breadth standards;the graduation design materials are scattered and lack of standardization,which leads to the lack of systematic reference materials for students,taking the tunnel and underground engineering major as an example,this paper carries out the practice research on the standardization of the graduation design of tunnel and underground engineering through investigation and combining the teaching resources accumulated in the past decades.Through the study of practice,the content of undergraduate graduation design of tunnel and underground engineering is standardized,the breadth and depth of graduation design is defined,and the“Guide for undergraduate graduation design of tunnel and underground engineering”is organized and compiled,which can provide reference for the standardization and guidance of undergraduate graduation design of tunnel and underground engineering.

研究生高阶思维培养的项目式教学模式研究

项目式教学模式的设计以项目研究为基础,遵循问题导向性、交叉融合性、前瞻研究与动态建设的原则,强调学生的自主探索与协同合作,是培养研究生沟通、合作、创新、批判、决策等高阶思维的最佳教学模式。调研了研究生的兴趣项目,以学生的学习能力、实操能力、理论知识掌握能力、独立思考能力、独立解决问题能力五个核心维度进行评价。实践效果表明:项目式教学对学生在学习能力、实操能力与理论知识应用能力的培养方面效果尤为突出,对独立思考能力与独立解决问题的能力培养稍弱,是后期教学改革的重点;充分说明了此种教学模式符合当代研究生的学习需求及其个人能力发展需要。项目式教学可为教师开展教学设计与案例研讨、教学资源建设与运用、教学改革,以及研究并遵循教学之道提供借鉴。

基于项目的团队学习结合翻转课堂在护理研究教学中的应用

目的探索基于项目的团队学习结合翻转课堂的混合式教学在护理研究中的应用效果。方法采用整群随机分组方法,将2019级本科护理专业4个平行班的学生分为对照组(103名)和观察组(103名),对照组护理研究课程采用传统教学法,观察组采用基于项目的团队学习结合翻转课堂的混合式教学法。结果除期末考试客观题得分外,观察组护理研究课程期中测验、期末考试主观题、科研项目申报书评分显著高于对照组(均P<0.05)。课程后,观察组学生自主学习能力得分显著高于课程前(P<0.05)。结论基于项目的团队学习结合翻转课堂的混合式教学有利于提高本科生护理研究课程教学效果。

基于多模型融合的室内行人航迹推算建模与性能分析

针对行人航位推算(pedestrian dead reckoning,PDR)室内信号易受到环境和多径效应干扰的问题,提出一种基于多模型融合的室内PDR优化建模方法.给出多模型融合的室内PDR建模方法系统模型,包括步数检测、步长推算、方向推算以及位置推算4个关键阶段.该方法在步数检测阶段融合了峰值检测算法、局部最大值算法以及提前过零检测算法;在步长推算阶段融合Weinberg方法和Kim方法,并利用卡尔曼滤波算法校正步数检测和步长推算的误差.基于不同场景从步数、步长、方向、位置误差方面与传统算法进行比较.结果表明,该组合模型结合了传统步数检测和步长推算算法的特征识别结果,可实现对步数检测、步长推算过程中信号特征的优化处理;在手持场景下,步数检测识别准确,步长推算中值误差在0.060 m以内,方向推算平均绝对误差最小为3.06°,位置推算平均误差为0.2353 m,取得较好的室内步行状态识别与定位性能.