Resolving the“Matteo Ricci Puzzle”:Top-Level Design of the Grand Canal of China Based on the Ternary Leadership Theory

Guided by the ternary leadership theory from the perspective of social psychology,this paper explores the impacts of authoritarian,benevolent,and moral leadership on the top design of the Grand Canal of China in terms of its water management practice,while providing reference for resolving the“Matteo Ricci Puzzle”.The research findings are threefold:first,authoritarian as it is,the central government of China formulates relevant laws and regulations to provide legal system insurance for the construction of the Grand Canal Cultural Belt,thus providing the blueprint for constructing the“bright cultural belt,green ecological belt and colorful tourism belt of the Grand Canal”.Second,led by the Central Government,sticking to benevolent and moral leadership,China advocates scientific water management concepts and methods,and gives long-term and comprehensive care to the well-being of the people along the banks of the Grand Canal.Finally,the top-level design of the Grand Canal of China is based on the ternary leadership theory rooted in social psychology and has formulated a set of properly-scheduled,reasonably-coordinated,and flexibly-operated management system for the fundamental interests of the people and long-term goals of the country.

Pollution characteristics of the recent sediments in the Hangzhou section of the Grand Canal,China

Spatial distribution of heavy metals, arsenic and organic matter in recent sediments in the Hangzhou section of the Grand Canal and their relationships were analyzed. The results showed that the concentrations of heavy metals and organic matters varied widely along the canal, and the average geological accumulation factors decreased in the following orders: organic carbon(2.6), zinc(2.1), cadmium(2.0), copper(1.5), lead(1.1), nitrogen(0.9), mercury (0.8), phosphorus(0.4), arsenic(0.2) and chromium(0). Content of heavy metals and organic carbon in the top 10 cm layer were lower than that of lower layers, except for mercury and organic carbon in the S9 section. Contents of organic carbon in the top 50 cm layer of the mud sediments are significantly higher than those underneath. In the bottom mud layer, there is a concentration peak of the pollutants. In the mud sediments of the canal, cadmium mainly occurred in the Fe and Mn oxide fraction, copper in the organic fraction, lead in the Fe and Mn oxide fraction, and zinc in the carbonate and the Fe and Mn oxide fraction.

The Integration and Communication of Regional Culture in Canal Landscape Planning and Design:A Case Study of the Grand Canal in the Gaomin Temple Section of Yangzhou

The Grand Canal is the cultural source of Yangzhou's historical development. The heritage and development of the canal culture are conducive to enhancing the image of Yangzhou, building cultural brands, and enhancing core competitiveness. Taking the canal in the Gaomin Temple section of Yangzhou for example, this study was based on the regional canal culture and the humanistic characteristics of Gaomin Temple, and explored the unique cultural communication mode of the important landscape node of the canal. Through the analysis of the status and development of the landscape of the section, this study concluded corresponding cultural orientation content and direction, and analyzed the integration and communication ideas of regional culture in landscape planning and design, in order to provide a reference for the promotion of cultural brands in the canal city of Yangzhou.

Research on Landscape Optimization Design in Urban Waterfront Area——A Case Study of Jinghang Grand Canal in Suqian City of China

It could find from the survey and analysis that there existed many problems in landscape status of the west bank of Jinghang Grand Canal in Suqian City.For example,land function was scattered,eco-environment was poor,facilities were incomplete and road system was not perfect.Guided by the principle for landscape planning and design of waterfront area,some suggestions had been proposed from the perspective of the design of ecological plants community,design of road transport network,revetment management,control of waterfront buildings,and landscape node design,so as to construct the west bank of Jinghang Grand Canal into the most lively,charming and characteristic waterfront area in Suqian City.

Comparative Analysis of the Spatial-temporal Distribution and Influencing Factors of the Tourism Industry in Three Cities along Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal in China

The temporal-spatial pattern of linear cultural heritage in the context of the tourism industry is closely linked to heritage management.Using the 1800 km long Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal as an example,this study compared the dynamic evolution of tourism businesses in Beijing,Liaocheng,and Yangzhou at three time points(2010,2015,and 2019)via nearest neighbor analysis,kernel density estimation,and the standard deviational ellipse.Next,a Geo-detector was used to examine the influencing factors.The results reveal significant growth regardless of the quantity or agglomeration degree from 2010 to 2019,and the direction of industrial expansion is consistent with the flow direction of the canal.Moreover,the explanatory powers of factors related to socioeconomic development and canal resources are obviously stronger than those of the natural environment.The findings of this study offer theoretical constructs and policy recommendations for the sustainable development of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal and other linear cultural heritage sites.

Management of the Grand Canal and it＇s bid as a world cultural heritage site

The Grand Canal is of incomparable importance to ancient China, which stiU serves it＇s original functions in the current society. Given it＇s outstanding value, the conservation of the Grand Canal in China is drawing an increasing attention, and there is a proposal to inscribe it in the World Heritage List in the near future. The different functions of the Grand Canal determine the roles of the different departments; however, there are some contradictions that will harm it＇s conservation. The current paper attempts to find solutions toward the better management of the Grand Canal in the context of world heritage conservation.

Developing Regional Ecological Networks along the Grand Canal based on an Integrated Analysis Framework

As a complex social ecosystem network,the area along the Grand Canal has a prominent contradiction between the demand for economic development and the protection of natural resources,which means that there is an urgent need for ecological restoration and environmental protection.Using ArcGIS,Conefor,Linkage Mapper and other software platforms,this paper developed an integrated analysis framework,through loose coupling of the attribute-function-structure index system and a series of methods such as the least cost path,circuit theory and moving window search.Based on the framework,we resolve a series of scientific issues in developing regional ecological networks,such as the selection of ecological sources,the simulation of potential ecological corridors,the assessment of the importance of ecological sources and corridors,and the identification of key ecological nodes.Moreover,an overall conservation pattern of the regional ecological network is constructed.The results show that:1)A total of 88 important ecological sources are identified in the study area.The patches with high centrality values are mainly concentrated in the southern mountainous area and the areas with abundant rivers and lakes.2)A total of 138 important ecological corridors are identified,and they are not evenly distributed.Extremely important corridors mostly appear between important patches,and very important corridors are mainly distributed in the central area.3)Fifteen ecological pinch points are extracted,and they are mainly concentrated in the northern part of the study area and eastern Zhejiang Province.The barriers are mostly concentrated in the southern and northern parts of the study area.4)Combining the demands of ecological protection and socioeconomic development,we propose an overall ecological conservation pattern of"one axis,five sections,multiple cores and multiple nodes"to effectively guide future ecological restoration work.These results can provide a useful reference and spatial guidance for decision makers in terms of ecological restoration and cooperation on cross-regional ecological protection along the Grand Canal.

Distribution of heavy-metals in the Grand Canal(Hangzhou section)and its contributing factors

The Grand Canal (Hangzhou section), People's Republic of China, has been highly contaminated by heavy metals from both industrial and municipal sources since 1950s. This study investigated the distribution of heavy metals including As, Cr, Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn. The results showed that these metals are largely accumulated in the top 0 3 meter layer of the river sediment.Despite the contamination, heavy metal concentrations in solution are increased in some locations only. The only exception is Zn whose concentrations are extremely high both in solution and in the top layer sediment. The top layer sediment appears to have reached almost its sorption capacity with respect to aqueous Zn. The extent of contamination is in the sequence of Zn>Cu>Pb>As>Cd. It is speculated that Cu distribution has been significantly affected by its binding to organic matter in the top layer sediment. Based on Pb distribution in both water and sediment, it is suggested that Pb transport in the canal is associated with colloids or particles suspended in water. The study showed that the top layer sediment in the Grand Canal serves as a sink to anthropogenic contaminants consisting of heavy metals as well as organic compounds.

Remote sensing detection and verification of disappeared reservoirs along the Grand Canal of China

Digital Earth is an information-rich expression of the real Earth and is a new way of understanding the Earth in the twenty-first century.Archeology has found great potentialities in Digital Earth,strongly increasing its development and its interdisciplinary experimentations.With the rapid development of remote sensing,the importance of applying Earth observation technology to archeological research has caught a great amount of attention worldwide.The objective of this study is to apply Radarsat-1 and Landsat imagery,historical maps,and aerial photographs in the detection and verification of disappeared reservoirs built 500 years ago as part of the Grand Canal of China.The results of the study show that the potential sites present distinct variations in soil moisture,biomass,and biological vigor,characterized by weak backscattering in Radarsat imagery;high vegetation indices in Landsat imagery;and distinct anomalies in a Landsat principle components image.Historical maps and aerial photographs also verified the existence of the sites of disappeared reservoirs.Since the sites have so far not been extensively explored,the results should represent a significant contribution to the understanding of the Grand Canal of China and its auxiliary facilities.

Scientific significance of ancient maps of Yellow River and Grand Canal for water conservancy in China

Based on the study of ancient maps preserved in China and abroad,the systematic nature and practical meaning of the maps of the Yellow River and Grand Canal is demonstrated.It is pointed out that the ancient maps not only record the spatial information of the established water conservancy engineering for river harnessing but also the management systems of the rivers in history.Besides,the maps provide abundant information on nature,humanity,and geography and possess high value in academic research and art appreciation.

A Holistic Conserving Approach on Heritage of the Grand Canal,China:Cultural Values Assessment of the Canal Under Historical Context of Jiangnan Civilization

This paper presents the development process of the Jiangnan Civilization under the specific condition of the Yangtze River Delta,where numerous rivers and waterways have worked together as a natural and cultural matrix of the canal for thousands of years.To preserve it as a heritage,it is crucial to recognize that the local civilization has very much benefited from the flourishing natural and artificial network of waterways that is an indivisible part of the Grand Canal.This significant characteristic makes the canal as a heritage different from the present concept of "cultural route."

多维空间视角下大运河、长江国家文化公园建设的比较研究

随着国家文化公园先后进入建设关键期,如何高质量推进国家文化公园建设成为亟需解决的关键问题。从多维空间视角比较研究大运河、长江国家文化公园建设,对于高质量推进两大国家文化公园建设具有重要的现实意义。文章尝试分别从地理空间、文化空间、文化认同“想象空间”视角对大运河、长江国家文化公园建设进行了比较研究,提出了利用地理空间特点推进国家文化公园建设的思路,在总结大运河国家文化公园文化空间建构经验的基础上提出长江国家文化公园文化空间建构思路,并从中华民族共同体文化认同“想象空间”视角提出了两大国家文化公园需要重点建构的“想象空间”。

基于遥感监测的沿运洼地内涝特征与影响因素研究

【目的】探究沿运邳苍郯新平原洼地内涝特征及影响因素。【方法】以沿运洼地为重点研究区域,在内涝影响范围内开展勘测、遥感解译等,分析洪涝前后归一化差异水体指数(NDWI)及归一化植被指数(NDVI)特征,研究沿运邳苍郯新平原涝洼地内涝影响范围变化及其对农作物长势影响,探索水利设施建设等对灾害范围的影响。【结果】(1)受灾作物2004年与2005年NDVI的差值为0.5,未受灾区域2004年与2005年NDVI差值为0.25,受灾作物NDVI显著降低,受灾区域内2005年整年作物生长情况弱于2004年。(2)台儿庄节制闸建成后可降低洪涝对附近农田的影响,有效减少洪涝灾害造成的经济损失。【结论】洪涝灾害对洼地内作物长势影响大于洼地外作物,水利设施建设可以有效减少洪涝灾害造成的经济损失;遥感监测技术是防治洪涝灾害的有效手段。

以文旅融合促进大运河文化带流通供应链完善的策略研究——以京津冀运河段为例

2020年我国发布的《大运河文化和旅游融合发展规划》为相关城市发展以及有关产业更新提供了思路,运河沿线的商流在逐渐恢复和壮大。京津冀作为大运河主要流经区域,对运河文旅产业的发展也十分重视。文章主要通过文献研究法,以京津冀运河段为研究对象,通过对京津冀运河段文旅产业发展现状的分析,针对其所存在的问题,探讨以文旅融合促进大运河文化带流通供应链完善的策略。

大运河苏北段非物质文化遗产数字化保护与传承现状——以宿迁市为例

数字化浪潮席卷全球,带动了全球产业的数字化转型。如何借力数字技术更好地实现非物质文化遗产的保护与传承成为学界热议的话题。为了更加深入地了解大运河苏北段非物质文化遗产数字化保护与传承现状,文章将研究对象聚焦于宿迁市,运用实地调研、人物访谈等方法,详细梳理了宿迁市非物质文化遗产数字化保护的现状。总体而言,大运河苏北段非物质文化遗产的数字化保护与传承尚处于起步阶段,存在工作机制不健全、专项保护资金缺乏、数字化传播手段单一等问题。

“非遗”视角下古街巷文化空间保护和重构策略研究——以山东省济宁市运河古街巷为例

本文通过以山东省济宁市运河古街巷为案例,从非物质文化遗产和文化空间的基本概念出发,分析了当地“非遗”资源的保护不平衡和发展不充分问题,提出了基于传统建筑保护和陈列展示空间建设的“非遗”文化空间保护策略以及围绕点状、线性和区块文化空间构建的重构策略,旨在促进“非遗”文化空间的保护与发展,为当地非遗产业规划提供指导。

大运河沿线省市文旅商产业融合发展研究——基于耦合协调、时空演进与发展路径分析

推动大运河沿线省市文旅商产业融合和高质量发展,是有效衔接国家重大发展战略的重要抓手。通过构建文旅商产业评价指标体系,测算大运河沿线省市2012-2020年文旅商产业耦合协调度,分析空间演化特征和影响路径。研究发现:研究期内大运河沿线省市文旅商融合水平整体呈现出逐年上升趋势;文旅商融合水平不同,且具有空间集聚性;在政策保障基础上及文旅商相关因素影响下,文旅商产业通过交叉、渗透和重组,从而实现产业协同发展形成文旅商产业综合体。因此,应采取差异化文旅商融合发展策略,以区域协同发展为基础,以大运河文化带建设为抓手,进一步推动大运河沿线省市形成全域统筹、区域协同的文旅商融合发展格局,实现大运河沿线省市经济社会文化高质量发展。

无锡运河文化遗产的保护与利用策略研究

文化遗产具有普遍的历史、艺术和科学价值,以及特殊的经济和思想价值。基于文献分析、实地调研等方法,对大运河无锡段沿线的物质文化遗产赋存情况进行梳理和统计分析,发现文化遗产保护利用中存在以下问题:内容阐释挖掘不够,价值传播指向模糊;遗产存在诸多历史断点,难以展现文化全貌;遗产地理空间分散,难以连片成面开发;以静态静物展示为主,缺乏沉浸式场景开发。基于文化遗产的普遍价值和特殊价值维度,建议加强内容挖掘、关注文化传播的价值导向,加强顶层设计、增强文化遗产时空连续性,构建场景化主题、开发沉浸式体验空间。

基于声景偏好的运河文化带声景质量优化研究——以里运河文化长廊为例

声景观对遗产地、生态环境、公共游憩空间均有重要作用,运河文化带是涉及文化遗产、生态保护、游憩利用的多重复合空间,因此研究运河文化带的声景观实属必要。本文以里运河文化长廊为案例进行问卷调查,探索人们对于运河声景观的偏好模式,并结合P-F模型分析,提出声景质量改善建议。研究结果显示:人们对于运河声景观的偏好呈现出特殊模式,最喜爱运河特征声,其次是运河生活声,最厌恶扰民声;对体现运河文化、具体河段地方特色的特征性声音的偏好程度高于对非特征性声音的偏好;对反映历史怀旧声音的偏好程度高于对反映当下生活声音的偏好;特殊偏好模式的形成源于人们对情感需求的满足和对运河记忆的建构;年龄、是否当地居民、游览频率也会对运河声景观的偏好产生不同程度的显著影响。因此,相关管理者应深挖和再现运河特征声,改善运河生活声,并对具体声音元素进行正向或负向设计。

大运河的文化标识价值及其立法保护

“大运河国家文化公园”是我国的重大文化工程,也是中华民族的重要文化标识。中国大运河不仅是重要的水利文化遗产、线性文化遗产,也应当成为重要的文化景观遗产,承载“连通五大水系、促进区域交流、助力民族融合”等政治文化理念。当前,我国大运河相关立法主要有《中华人民共和国文物保护法》等国家立法和大运河水利管理、生态环境和文化遗产保护等地方立法。为推进大运河国家文化公园建设,我国应适时制定“大运河国家文化公园法”或“大运河国家文化公园管理条例”,以弘扬大运河的“中华文化标识”价值。