Numerical Study on the Aerodynamic and Fluid−Structure Interaction of An NREL-5MW Wind Turbine

A 5-MW wind turbine has been modeled and analyzed for fluid-structure interaction and aerodynamic performance.In this study, a full-scale model of a 5-MW wind turbine is first developed based on a computational fluid dynamics(CFD) approach, in which the unsteady, noncompressible Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS) method is used. The main focus of the study is to analyze the tower shadow effect on the aerodynamic performance of the wind turbine under different inlet flow conditions. Subsequently, the finite element model is established by considering fluid/structure interactions to study the structural stress, displacement, strain distributions and flow field information of the structure under the uniform wind speed. Finally, the fluid-structure interaction model is established by considering turbulent wind and the tower shadow effect. The variation rules of the dynamic response of the one-way and two-way fluid-structure interaction(FSI) models under different wind speeds are analyzed, and the numerical calculation results are compared with those of the centralized mass model. The results show that the tower shadow effect and structural deformation are the main factors affecting the aerodynamic load fluctuation of the wind turbine, which in turn affects the aerodynamic performance and structural stability of the blades. The structural dynamic response of the coupled model shows significant similarity, while the structural displacement response of the former exhibits less fluctuation compared with the conventional centralized mass model. The one-way fluid-structure interaction(FSI)model shows a higher frequency of stress-strain and displacement oscillations on the blade compared with the two-way FSI model.

Interaction of two edge dislocations in free-space propagation

This paper studies in detail the interaction of two edge dislocations nested in a Gaussian beam propagating in free space. It shows that in free-space propagation the edge dislocations are unstable and vanish, and two noncanonical vortices with opposite topological charge take place when off-axis distances cl and c2 of two edge dislocations are nonzero, and the condition k2w08＋ 32c1c2（w02- 2C1C2）Z2 〉 0 is fulfilled （k-wave number, w0-waist width）. A noncanonical vortex appears when one off-axis distance is zero. However, one edge dislocation is stable when two edge dislocations are perpendicular and one off-axis distance is zero. Two perpendicular edge dislocations both with zero off-axis distance are also stable. The analytical results are illustrated by numerical examples.

Interactive Media Visual Interpretation of Traditional Chinese Graphics in Urban Public Spaces

This paper focuses on the application of interactive media technology in the visual interpretation of traditional graphic urban public spaces in China.Case studies and practical exploration show that interactive media technologies such as projection mapping,interactive devices,virtual reality technology,etc.,have realized the diversity of traditional graphics display forms in urban public space.The rich interactive experience design enhances the sense of participation and experience of urban citizens and tourists and promotes the visual culture transmission of traditional Chinese graphics.The future urban public space exhibition is destined to continue to deepen the integration of technology and graphics,promote the visual communication of traditional Chinese graphics visual interpretation in urban public space,and promote sustainable innovation in cultural output in urban public space exhibitions around the world.

Dynamic soil-tunnel interaction in layered half-space for incident plane SH waves

The dynamic soil-tunnel interaction is studied by indirect boundary element method （IBEM）, using the model of a rigid tunnel in layered half-space, which is simplified to a single soil layer on elastic bedrock, subjected to incident plane SH waves. The accuracy of the results is verified through comparison with the analytical solution. It is shown that soil-tunnel interaction in layered half-space is larger than that in homogeneous half-space and this interaction mechanism is essentially different from that of soil-foundation-superstructure interaction.

Identification of the Wave-Particles Interaction in Space Plasma Using Higher-Order Statistics

The interaction of wave-particles and wave-wave in the space plasmas are essentially non-linear or non-Gaussian processes. Using the higher-order statistical analyses methods (higher-order moments and bi-tri correlation or bi-tri spectrum), its physical properties can be described. The question addressed in this paper is that of the usefulness of higher-order statistical analysis for identification of the wave-particles interaction in space plasmas. The signals handled are from the ARCAD-3 ISOPROBE experiment on ELF frequency range, then strong electrostatic turbulence and electron density irregularities. Second and third order statistical analyses are applied: first, on time series associated with each type of measurement, then, on the two types. All results are presented for one typical case. Correlation functions estimated over the corresponding time intervals point out the existence of a, non-linear interaction between these fluctuations and electrostatic filed.

MODELS FOR π-π INTERACRIONS IN “MOLECULAR METALS” IONIZATION ENERGIES, ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE AND THROVGH-SPACE/THROUGH-BOND INTERACTIONS IN [2,2] PARACYCLOPHANE

The through-space and through-bond interactions of molecular orbitals in [2,2] paracyclophane are studied by the approved MS-X. method with overlapping atomic-sphere. The calculation results show the through-space interactions are exponential flareout with increasing of the distance of two orbitals, and.both through-space interactions and through-bond interactions are sizable but those two interactions oppose each other causing the net splitting to be small. Transition-state procedure was used to calculate ionization potentials, the results are in agreement with the PE-spectra.

Dynamic soil-tunnel interaction in layered half-space for incident P-and SV-waves

The dynamic soil-tunnel interaction is studied by the model of a rigid tunnel embedded in layered half-space, which is simplified as a single soil layer on elastic bedrock to the excitation of P- and SV-waves. The indirect boundary element method is used, combined with the Green＇ s function of distributed loads acting on inclined lines. It is shown that the dynamic characteristics of soil-tunnel interaction in layered half-space are different much from that in homoge- neous half-space, and that the mechanism of soil-tunnel interaction is also different much from that of soil-founda- tion-superstructure interaction. For oblique incidence, the tunnel response for in-plane incident SV-waves is com- pletely different from that for incident SH-waves, while the tunnel response for vertically incident SV-wave is very similar to that of vertically incident SH-wave.

THROUGH—SPACE AND THROUGH—BOND INTERACTIONS IN 1,5-CYCLOOCTADIYNE; THE ASSIGNMENT OF ITS PHOTOELECTRON SPECTRA

The through--space and through--bond interactions in 1, 5 -- Cyclooctadiyne are studied. It is shown, with the assistance of improved MS--X_α method, that the through- space interactions decrease with the distance of the orbitals, and both through--space and through--bond interactions of 1, 5- Cyclooctadiyne are sizable but those two interactions oppose each other causing the net splitting to be small for π_z orbital. The calculated ionization potentials are in good agreement with the experiment of photoelectron spectra.

The Interaction between Culture and Space and the Experience of an Architectural Studio

The issues of analyzing the cultural differences in architecture, and the interaction between culture and space have gained importance in many respects both in practice and in education. ＂Culture＂ and conservation of the ＂cultural heritage＂ have a place in the conditions for the ＂architectural education＂ put forward by the UNESCO （The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization）/UIA （International Union of Architects） Council during the 2002 meeting in Berlin. For this purpose, cultural, social, urban, environmental and architectural values and issues of architectural heritage were defined as specific subjects that should be considered in the preparation of the curriculum to build up a sense of responsibility. From this point of view, this paper aims to propose an educational process for dealing with the sense of cultural heritage and its survival in the modern world, and shares the products of the work carried out at the Project 4 Studio at Faculty of Fine Arts, Department of Interior Architecture, Yeditepe University, as the studio training is the main component of architectural education. The main issue of the paper is to present some examples of the student projects and to consider the importance of design studio, which can gain knowledge about cultural and architectural heritage and develop students＇ skills to adopt and be respectful to traditional values.

INTERACTION OF STRONG AND WEAK SINGULARITIES FOR HYPERBOLIC SYSTEM OF CONSERVATION LAWS IN MULTIDIMENSIONAL SPACE

In this paper we study the interaction of strong and weak singularities for hyperbolic system of conservation laws in multidimensional space. Under the assumption of transversal intersect of the shock front with the bicharacteristics bearing weak singularities we proved a theorem on regularity propagation across the shock front.

STUDY ON THE THROUGH-SPACE AND THROUGH-BOND INTERACTIONS IN TRICYCLO 4,2,2,2 DODECADIENE-1.5

Through-space interactions of pi orbiatl and sigma orbital in molecule tricycle 4,2,2,2,dodecadiene -1.5 were studied by means of DV-X alpha SVF method using a model molecule that consists of two ethylenes with interdeck distance D. The results show the through-space interactions of the title molecule decrease with the increasing of D,the through-space interactions of pi orbital are larger than that of sigma orbital. Furthermore, through-bond interactions of the pi orbtial and sigma orbital were analyzed basing on the calculations of the electronic structure of the title molecule. Both through-space and through-bond interactions are Large and,the net interactions are small. The calculated ionization potential energies of the title molecule which were obtained by transition-state procedure are in good agreement with the PE spectroscopy.

Integrated Simulation Method for Interaction between Manufacturing Process and Machine Tool

The interaction between the machining process and the machine tool （IMPMT） plays an important role on high precision components manufacturing. However, most researches are focused on the machining process or the machine tool separately, and the interaction between them has been always overlooked. In this paper, a novel simplified method is proposed to realize the simulation of IMPMT by combining use the finite element method and state space method. In this method, the transfer function of the machine tool is built as a small state space. The small state space is obtained from the complicated finite element model of the whole machine tool. Furthermore, the control system of the machine tool is integrated with the transfer function of the machine tool to generate the cutting trajectory. Then, the tool tip response under the cutting force is used to predict the machined surface. Finally, a case study is carried out for a fly-cutting machining process, the dynamic response analysis of an ultra-precision fly-cutting machine tool and the machined surface verifies the effectiveness of this method. This research proposes a simplified method to study the IMPMT, the relationships between the machining process and the machine tool are established and the surface generation is obtained.

Line-integral representations for extended displacements, stresses,and interaction energy of arbitrary dislocation loops in transversely isotropic magneto-electro-elastic bimaterials

In addition to the hexagonal crystals of class 6 mm, many piezoelectric materials （e.g., BaTiO3）, piezomagnetic materials （e.g., CoFe2O4）, and multiferroic com-posite materials （e.g., BaTiO3-CoFe2O4 composites） also exhibit symmetry of transverse isotropy after poling, with the isotropic plane perpendicular to the poling direction. In this paper, simple and elegant line-integral expressions are derived for extended displace-ments, extended stresses, self-energy, and interaction energy of arbitrarily shaped, three-dimensional （3D） dislocation loops with a constant extended Burgers vector in trans-versely isotropic magneto-electro-elastic （MEE） bimaterials （i.e., joined half-spaces）. The derived solutions can also be simply reduced to those expressions for piezoelectric, piezo-magnetic, or purely elastic materials. Several numerical examples are given to show both the multi-field coupling effect and the interface/surface effect in transversely isotropic MEE materials.

Elastic interaction between inclusions and tunable periodicity of superlattice structure in nanowires

The elastic stress distribution and the variation of the elastic energy with spacing between two inclusions of arbitrary sizes in an infinite isotropic cylindrical rod are obtained by an analytical approach and the phase field microelasticity(PFM)simulation.The results show a near-attraction and far-repulsion elastic interaction between two inclusions with hydrostatic dilatation.The critical spacing,at which the interaction changes from attraction to repulsion,is on the order of the radius of the rod,dependent on the length and Poisson’s ratio of inclusions.Furthermore,the elastic energy calculations and PFM simulation results indicate that applying the local radial stress on the rod surface can modulate the elastic interaction between inclusions and adjust the periodicity of the superlattice nanowire structure.This can provide some guidelines for the tunable construction of superlattice nanowire structures.

WEAK SOLUTION TO THE INCOMPRESSIBLE VISCOUS FLUID AND A THERMOELASTIC PLATE INTERACTION PROBLEM IN 3D

In this paper we deal with a nonlinear interaction problem between an incompressible viscous fluid and a nonlinear thermoelastic plate.The nonlinearity in the plate equation corresponds to nonlinear elastic force in various physically relevant semilinear and quasilinear plate models.We prove the existence of a weak solution for this problem by constructing a hybrid approximation scheme that,via operator splitting,decouples the system into two sub-problems,one piece-wise stationary for the fluid and one time-continuous and in a finite basis for the structure.To prove the convergence of the approximate quasilinear elastic force,we develop a compensated compactness method that relies on the maximal monotonicity property of this nonlinear function.

Analysis of the Interaction between Protagonist and Environment in Black Boy

Richard Wright was one of America’s greatest black writers andone of the first African American writers to achieve liter⁃ary fame and fortune.Black Boy(1945)ishis autobiographical novel,consisting of Southern Nightand Fear and Honor,which tells the story of the protagonist's experiences in five different environments and his great changes.This thesis explores the interaction between space and characters.It finds that,on the one hand,space provides a place for the characters to move around,which af⁃fects them physically and psychologically and shapes their personality.On the other hand,characters make resistances against space,and their behavior and living conditions further reflect the characteristics of each space.Through research,the protagonist grows under the change of spaces,and such growth also highlights the characteristics of different spaces.The interaction between the two carries all the transitions between the stories.

Interaction of Building Frame with Pile Foundation

The study deals with physical modeling of a typical building frame resting on a pile group embedded in cohesive soil mass using complete three-dimensional finite element analysis. The elements of the superstructure frame and that of the pile foundation are discretized using twenty node isoparametric continuum elements. The interface between the pile and pile cap is idealized using sixteen node isoparametric surface elements. The more improved finite element mesh is used for modeling soil element as compared to the one used in the study reported in the literature. The soil elements are discretized using eight node, nine node and twelve node continuum elements. Both the elements of superstructure and substructure (i.e., foundation) including soil are assumed to remain in elastic state at all the time. The interaction analysis is carried out using sub-structure approach to attempt a parametric study. The effect of the parameter such as spacing between the piles in a group and diameter of pile is evaluated on the response of superstructure. The response includes the displacement at the top of the frame. The effect of the soil-structure interaction is observed to be significant for the type of foundation and soil considered in the present study.

Research on the Application and Development of Digital Media Art in Urban Public Space Design

Digital media art is an emerging art form that combines digital technology and media art.It has huge potential to bring innovation to urban public spaces and provide them with vibrant artistic experiences.This article analyzes the design significance and value of digital media art in urban public space,its various forms of application in urban public space design,and the innovative ideas and paths that digital media art can take in urban public space to guide the future.The application and innovative methods of digital media art in urban public space design provide certain theoretical and practical references for urban planners and designers.

城乡要素交互作用下乡村文化消费空间的建构模式——以瓷颜咖啡店为例

随着乡村振兴战略的深入实施,中国城乡要素流动进入加速期,乡村文化消费空间作为乡村功能由生产向消费的转型工具而涌现。基于空间生产理论,以邯郸市彭城镇瓷颜咖啡店为案例地进行实地调研,通过质性研究和计量研究进行实证分析,演绎提出了乡村文化消费空间建构模式。结果显示:1)瓷颜咖啡店以政府、企业的决定型物质构建为基础,以“传统文化”与“城市现代文化”有机结合的消费符号固着于实体建筑为概念,以乡村居民视角下的“新型休闲消费空间”与城市游客视角下的“桃花源”为亲历性空间。2)瓷颜咖啡店作为城乡文化整合的一个节点,其发展模式为物质空间拼贴式发展、社会空间嵌入式发展、文化空间整合式发展。3)乡村文化消费空间的生产是城乡居民精神文化需求等内在需求力和政策、资本等外在供给力以及乡土传统消费文化等潜在阻力共同作用的结果。4)乡村文化消费空间的发轫所代表的乡村社会空间转变实质上是乡村结构功能的转变,其空间实践也表征了乡村绅士化的过程。

元宇宙服务的人机交互综述

近年来,元宇宙飞速发展,已成为未来数字世界的一个重要发展方向。元宇宙中的人机交互是实现虚实融合的核心,其解决了元宇宙中的多用户协作、沟通、社交等挑战,促进了创新和合作。为了深入探讨元宇宙作为虚拟和现实世界融合的数字化空间,其服务如何与人机交互相结合,创造出丰富、沉浸式、个性化的用户体验,调研了元宇宙和人机交互技术,并从人机交互的角度对元宇宙的概念进行了定义。讨论了元宇宙服务和人机融合的可行性与优势,并整理归纳了现有的挑战。最后探讨了元宇宙服务的未来发展趋势。