Based on the option prioritization in graph model for conflict resolution of two decision makers(DMs),new logical and matrix representations of four stability concepts for DMs′attitude are proposed.The logical repres...Based on the option prioritization in graph model for conflict resolution of two decision makers(DMs),new logical and matrix representations of four stability concepts for DMs′attitude are proposed.The logical representation of attitude is defined,and converted to the matrix form in order to develop a decision support system(DSS)efficiently.Compared with existing definitions of DMs′attitude based on states,the proposed definitions of attitude based on options are convenient and more effective to generate preferences since that of states can be significantly larger than that of options in a large conflict.In addition,it is easier to obtain the information of the prioritization of option statements than to obtain preference of states for users.The proposed representations are applied to the process conflict during aircraft manufacturing to demonstrate the efficiency of the new approach.展开更多
A comparison of two decision analysis tools for the analysis of strategic conflicts, the Analytic Network Process （ANP） and the graph model for conflict resolution, is carried out by applying them to the China-US TV...A comparison of two decision analysis tools for the analysis of strategic conflicts, the Analytic Network Process （ANP） and the graph model for conflict resolution, is carried out by applying them to the China-US TV dumping conflict. Firstly, the graph model is introduced along with practical procedures for modeling and analyzing conflicts using the decision support software, GMCR Ⅱ. Next, ANP is explained, emphasizing structural features and procedures for synthesizing priorities. Then a framework for employing ANP to analyze strategic conflicts is designed and used to compare ANP to the graph model. The case study of the China-US TV dumping conflict provides a basis for the graph model and ANP to be compared; different features of the approaches are highlighted. The study shows that because of different theoretical backgrounds, ANP and the graph model for conflict analysis both provide useful information which can be combined to furnish a better understanding of a strategic conflict.展开更多
A formal methodology for analyzing the importance of weighing a decision maker＇s attitudes in a conflict is introduced and applied to the problem of negotiating a fair transfer of a brownfield property. A decision ma...A formal methodology for analyzing the importance of weighing a decision maker＇s attitudes in a conflict is introduced and applied to the problem of negotiating a fair transfer of a brownfield property. A decision maker＇s attitudes are expressed in his consideration of his own preferences, as well as those of his opponents. Dominating attitudes are used to suggest that in a circumstance in which a decision maker takes into account multiple perspectives due to his attitudes, he may favor one perspective more heavily. The analysis of a brownfield acquisition conflict illustrates the types of insights that this methodology reveals.展开更多
A novel two-level hierarchical graph model is developed to analyze international climate change negotiations with hierarchical structures:the negotiations take place between two nations and between each nation and its...A novel two-level hierarchical graph model is developed to analyze international climate change negotiations with hierarchical structures:the negotiations take place between two nations and between each nation and its provincial governments.The two national government are two decision makers at the top level.Within each nation,the two provincial governments negotiate with the national government at the lower level.The theoretical structure of this novel model,including decision makers,options,moves,and preference relations,are developed.The interrelationship between the stabilities in the two-level hierarchical graph model and the stabilities in local models are investigated by theorems.These theorems can be utilized to calculate complete stabilities in the two-level hierarchical graph model when the stabilities in local graph models are known.The international climate change negotiations as the illustrative example is then investigated in detail.The extra equilibrium,uniquely obtained by this novel methodology,suggests that opposition may still be from one provincial government when the national government does not sign the international climate agreement and implements existing environmental laws.Compared with other approaches,this novel methodology is an effective and flexible tool in analyzing hierarchical conflicts at two levels by providing decision makers with strategic resolutions with broader vision.展开更多
目的分析我国床位资源优化利用过程中涉及的各主体之间的利益关系,为解决床位资源供求失衡、利用倒置问题提供参考建议。方法利用冲突分析图模型(Graph Model for Conflict Resolution,GMCR)和层次分析法(Analytic Hierarchy Process,AH...目的分析我国床位资源优化利用过程中涉及的各主体之间的利益关系,为解决床位资源供求失衡、利用倒置问题提供参考建议。方法利用冲突分析图模型(Graph Model for Conflict Resolution,GMCR)和层次分析法(Analytic Hierarchy Process,AHP),构建GMCR-AHP模型,分析优化床位资源利用过程中有关利益主体之间的矛盾冲突,探讨均衡各方利益的全局稳定状态。结果冲突模型均衡解为YNNYNYYN,即当政府推行分级诊疗并对医院进行政策约束、大医院依靠医联体组织、基层医院积极加入医疗联合体并提高医疗服务质量、患者合理就医时,有利于解决医疗机构床位利用不足和过度利用的极端化问题。结论为缓解床位资源合理利用中的各方利益冲突,政府应该对大医院收治住院患者给予一定的政策约束,各级医院充分发挥联动互助作用,提升整体卫生服务质量,同时积极发展基层医疗卫生服务,提高基层医院公信力。展开更多
A multiple criteria decision analysis （MCDA） approach is designed for capturing the relative preference information of a decision maker involved in ＇a conflict. More specifically, an MCDA approach based on the outr...A multiple criteria decision analysis （MCDA） approach is designed for capturing the relative preference information of a decision maker involved in ＇a conflict. More specifically, an MCDA approach based on the outranking method, ELECTRE III, is employed for ranking states or possible scenarios in the conflict from most to least preferred, where ties are allowed, for a decision maker according to his or her value system. To demonstrate how this preference elicitation methodology can be conveniently implemented in practice within the framework of the Graph Model for Conflict Resolution, it is applied to a real world water supply crisis which occurred in the town of North Battleford, located in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan.展开更多
Formal systems engineering approaches to modeling misperceptions and attitudes are employed within the framework of the graph model for conflict resolution to systematically study the War of 1812 between the United St...Formal systems engineering approaches to modeling misperceptions and attitudes are employed within the framework of the graph model for conflict resolution to systematically study the War of 1812 between the United States of America and Great Britain in order to provide enhanced insights into the causes of the war. More specifically, relational definitions for preferences, movements and stability concepts are defined for describing the attitudes and associated behavior of decision makers involved in a conflict. To capture misperceptions of decision makers in the War of 1812, attitudes are studied within the structure of a hypergame. Combining attitudes and misperceptions within the paradigm of the graph model furnishes the flexible analytical tool which demonstrates that misunderstanding of attitudes by Great Britain and the United States may have contributed to the outbreak of this nasty war.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.71071076,71471087,and 61673209)
文摘Based on the option prioritization in graph model for conflict resolution of two decision makers(DMs),new logical and matrix representations of four stability concepts for DMs′attitude are proposed.The logical representation of attitude is defined,and converted to the matrix form in order to develop a decision support system(DSS)efficiently.Compared with existing definitions of DMs′attitude based on states,the proposed definitions of attitude based on options are convenient and more effective to generate preferences since that of states can be significantly larger than that of options in a large conflict.In addition,it is easier to obtain the information of the prioritization of option statements than to obtain preference of states for users.The proposed representations are applied to the process conflict during aircraft manufacturing to demonstrate the efficiency of the new approach.
文摘A comparison of two decision analysis tools for the analysis of strategic conflicts, the Analytic Network Process （ANP） and the graph model for conflict resolution, is carried out by applying them to the China-US TV dumping conflict. Firstly, the graph model is introduced along with practical procedures for modeling and analyzing conflicts using the decision support software, GMCR Ⅱ. Next, ANP is explained, emphasizing structural features and procedures for synthesizing priorities. Then a framework for employing ANP to analyze strategic conflicts is designed and used to compare ANP to the graph model. The case study of the China-US TV dumping conflict provides a basis for the graph model and ANP to be compared; different features of the approaches are highlighted. The study shows that because of different theoretical backgrounds, ANP and the graph model for conflict analysis both provide useful information which can be combined to furnish a better understanding of a strategic conflict.
基金the Centre for International Governance Innovation(CIGI) for financially supporting Dr.Sean Bernath Walker during his PhD studies in Systems Design Engineering at the University of Waterloo(UW) under the project entitled Multiple Participant-Multiple Objective Decision Making in International Governance,headed by K.W.Hipelfunded by the UW Faculty of EngineeringThe Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council(NSERC) of Canada
文摘A formal methodology for analyzing the importance of weighing a decision maker＇s attitudes in a conflict is introduced and applied to the problem of negotiating a fair transfer of a brownfield property. A decision maker＇s attitudes are expressed in his consideration of his own preferences, as well as those of his opponents. Dominating attitudes are used to suggest that in a circumstance in which a decision maker takes into account multiple perspectives due to his attitudes, he may favor one perspective more heavily. The analysis of a brownfield acquisition conflict illustrates the types of insights that this methodology reveals.
基金The authors would like to thank the anonymous referees for carefully reading this paper and having provided meaningful suggestions which helped improve the quality of paper.This paper should be dedicated to Dr.Ye Chen who was a coauthor and passed away in June,2019.This research was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.71601096,China Postdoctoral Science Foundation under Grant No.2019M661838,the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities(China)under Grant No.NS2020061,and the Natural Science Young Scholar Foundation of Jiangsu,China,under Grant No.BK20160809.
文摘A novel two-level hierarchical graph model is developed to analyze international climate change negotiations with hierarchical structures:the negotiations take place between two nations and between each nation and its provincial governments.The two national government are two decision makers at the top level.Within each nation,the two provincial governments negotiate with the national government at the lower level.The theoretical structure of this novel model,including decision makers,options,moves,and preference relations,are developed.The interrelationship between the stabilities in the two-level hierarchical graph model and the stabilities in local models are investigated by theorems.These theorems can be utilized to calculate complete stabilities in the two-level hierarchical graph model when the stabilities in local graph models are known.The international climate change negotiations as the illustrative example is then investigated in detail.The extra equilibrium,uniquely obtained by this novel methodology,suggests that opposition may still be from one provincial government when the national government does not sign the international climate agreement and implements existing environmental laws.Compared with other approaches,this novel methodology is an effective and flexible tool in analyzing hierarchical conflicts at two levels by providing decision makers with strategic resolutions with broader vision.
文摘目的分析我国床位资源优化利用过程中涉及的各主体之间的利益关系,为解决床位资源供求失衡、利用倒置问题提供参考建议。方法利用冲突分析图模型(Graph Model for Conflict Resolution,GMCR)和层次分析法(Analytic Hierarchy Process,AHP),构建GMCR-AHP模型,分析优化床位资源利用过程中有关利益主体之间的矛盾冲突,探讨均衡各方利益的全局稳定状态。结果冲突模型均衡解为YNNYNYYN,即当政府推行分级诊疗并对医院进行政策约束、大医院依靠医联体组织、基层医院积极加入医疗联合体并提高医疗服务质量、患者合理就医时,有利于解决医疗机构床位利用不足和过度利用的极端化问题。结论为缓解床位资源合理利用中的各方利益冲突,政府应该对大医院收治住院患者给予一定的政策约束,各级医院充分发挥联动互助作用,提升整体卫生服务质量,同时积极发展基层医疗卫生服务,提高基层医院公信力。
文摘A multiple criteria decision analysis （MCDA） approach is designed for capturing the relative preference information of a decision maker involved in ＇a conflict. More specifically, an MCDA approach based on the outranking method, ELECTRE III, is employed for ranking states or possible scenarios in the conflict from most to least preferred, where ties are allowed, for a decision maker according to his or her value system. To demonstrate how this preference elicitation methodology can be conveniently implemented in practice within the framework of the Graph Model for Conflict Resolution, it is applied to a real world water supply crisis which occurred in the town of North Battleford, located in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan.
文摘Formal systems engineering approaches to modeling misperceptions and attitudes are employed within the framework of the graph model for conflict resolution to systematically study the War of 1812 between the United States of America and Great Britain in order to provide enhanced insights into the causes of the war. More specifically, relational definitions for preferences, movements and stability concepts are defined for describing the attitudes and associated behavior of decision makers involved in a conflict. To capture misperceptions of decision makers in the War of 1812, attitudes are studied within the structure of a hypergame. Combining attitudes and misperceptions within the paradigm of the graph model furnishes the flexible analytical tool which demonstrates that misunderstanding of attitudes by Great Britain and the United States may have contributed to the outbreak of this nasty war.
