“社会”与Society的中英语义差别对比分析

翻译过程中,中英文同一组词的语义不对等问题引起语义学者兴趣,而高频互译的“社会”与society这组词在译者与读者视角下语义对等性极强,由此语义差别研究较少且研究空间较大。该文研究该组词的字典释义,对比探究两者的语义不对等性,归纳语义差别背后原因。研究发现,“社会”和society存在语义不对等;“社会”一词包含“社交”和“公共”两大含义,而society一词对应其中“社交”之意,表现出一定的不对等性。

Combinations of Transportation Policies to Promote BRT Usage Using Artificial Society Model

Various transportation systems have been developed in recent years.In this study,an artificial society model is developed to examine the combination of transportation policies in urban areas.In this model,each trip maker selects the primary and terminal transportation modes.An artificial society model is applied to the southeastern region of Osaka City,Japan.The effects of introducing BRT(bus rapid transit,primary transportation)and on-demand buses(terminal transportation)are investigated.The results confirm that BRT is used by a certain number of users.An increase in the use of BRT will increase the amount of walking,thus resulting in a healthy city.However,on-demand buses are rarely used as terminal transportation.Additionally,the development of bicycle parking stations near BRT stops is shown to be effective in the northern section of the BRT route.

Hungry and Angry Society: Implications for Sustainable Development in Nigeria

Hunger is a physiological need,but the production and consumption of adequate and balanced food is a function of social forces.At every point,social,political,and economic processes intervene,for better or(more common)for worse.Food is one fundamental need of human beings for survival.But in Nigeria there is widespread food shortage and hunger.Development scholars have put forward reasons why poverty,hunger persists in the country,from the platitudes about population growth,inadequate implementation of agricultural policies,and neglect of agriculture,bad leadership,corruption,and the issue of distribution.Nigeria is richly blessed with arable land and citizens eager to unlock its food potentials.Unfortunately,this is far from being realized as the country depends on foreign countries for food,a situation that is tragic and sad.She spends about$10 billion a year importing food and agricultural products,the majority of which are wheat,rice,poultry,fish,and consumer-oriented foods.The pressure on the exchange rate results in devaluation-triggered inflation and food costs that fly up beyond the grasp of people at the bottom of the ladder as it is now is one of the negative repercussions of high food importation bills.Examining the effects of hunger is one of this paper’s key concerns and goals,and anger crisis for achieving sustainable development in the country using the Frustration-Aggression Theory,The Relative Deprivation and Political Economy Approach as guide.

Influence of Civil Authority on Rural Grass-roots Democracy and Social Autonomy in Northwest Minority Regions

System of villagers autonomy is one of the basic political systems in China and one of those systems ensuring that the people are the masters of the country. Northwest minorities generally live in the remote northwestern China where economy and education are relatively underdeveloped compared with those in central and eastern China and civil authority has great influence on rural grass-roots democracy as well as social autonomy there,which causes difficulties to the development of rural democracy and social autonomy. Assisting northwest minority regions in overcoming the difficulties of developing grass-roots democracy and social autonomy,carrying out effective measures to properly guide the development and influence of civil authority and finally achieving the construction of new socialist countryside have great significance in ensuring that people there are the masters of their country.

Resource Dependence Relationship between Grass-roots Government and Farmers' Specialized Cooperatives

Based on theories of resource dependence and government functions,this paper analyzed benefit interaction between grass-roots government and farmers' specialized cooperatives in Hubei Province. It was intended to make clear the path dependence relationship between grassroots government and farmers' specialized cooperatives and find out problems in between. Besides,from the perspective of grass-roots government and farmers' specialized cooperatives,it came up with corresponding recommendations,to promote constant improvement of farmers' specialized cooperatives,and help them to become key forces of leading farmers to get rich,pull agricultural economic development,and promote new socialist countryside construction.

Construction of Rural Grass-roots Water Conservancy Service System in the Context of Institutional Changes

At present,it is urgent to solve problems of reforming and improving grass-roots water conservancy management mode in rural areas and improving rural water conservancy public service ability. Through analyzing institutional changes of grass-roots water conservancy management in rural areas,this paper discussed current situations and outstanding problems in grass-roots water conservancy services in rural areas of Kunming City. On the basis of current situations and problems,it came up with policy recommendations from reform of management institutions,reform of personnel system,construction of human resources,development of rural water use cooperation organizations,and improvement of fund input mechanism,to build rural grass-roots water conservancy service system.

The Grass-Roots Governance of the National Government in Tianjin Recovery Area After the Triumph of the Anti-Japanese War

The national government wants to penetrate into the grass-roots unit after the triumph of the Anti-Japanese War in the recovery area.Through the reorganization of the Baojia system,the government expects to achieve local autonomy and then solve the people’s livelihood issues.The new Baojia system provides a platform for people to achieve their own demands,which presents the vision of civil rights to a certain extent.However,because of the complexity of the postwar social environment,the Baojia system cannot completely represent the will of the people,and finally becomes a militarized organization that was used as a tool to carry out the government decree.

"Emperor's Power Far Away from the Countryside"and"Town in Charge of Village Affairs":The Extreme Grass-roots Management System is Not Conducive to the Healthy Development of the Countryside

This paper compares the two different rural management methods of"emperor’s power far away from the countryside"and"town in charge of village affairs",which shows that the extreme grass-roots management system is not conducive to rural development.This paper also points out that rural development needs to find a road of sustainable development in line with its own characteristics,which is the fundamental shortcut to change poverty and become rich for a long time.

电影《Dead Poets Society》中对教育共情力的思考

共情力是个体在观察和理解他人情感的基础上,产生与观察对象相似的情感体验并表现出相应行为反应的一种能力。在教育过程中,家庭和学校对个体的教育最为直接,学生阶段是个体人生成长的重要时期,好的教育是需要共情力的。本文以美国影片《Dead Poets Society》为例,针对“共情教育”,启发家长、教师在教育过程中的共情能力对个体心理发展所具有的积极作用。提出加强教育者共情意识,家校合力,建立轻松和谐的交往氛围,促进教育者与受教育者之间关系融洽。

An Analysis of the Current State of Civil Society Participation in Ensuring the National Security of Mongolia

In this article, the researchers tried to evaluate the contribution of civil society to Mongolian democracy and the problems faced by civil society. In addition, the article aimed to determine the unique national criteria of Mongolian democracy and the need to create an organization to monitor the process of democracy. The process of identifying important documents and ideals for the development of Mongolian civil society today is still in its early stages. It can be said that the approval of the democratic constitution and the first free and fair parliamentary elections as a country that has newly and restored democracy became another impetus for the creation of a new type of citizen organization. It is characterized by trying to study the changes that have occurred since this historical period at the intersection of political science and security studies. One of the most important issues today is to find out how many non-governmental and civil society organizations exist in Mongolia today, which are Western-oriented, focused on specific issues, have their own position and opinion, are specialized, and are capable of influencing government policy. On the other hand, in this article, we emphasize whether non-governmental and civil society organizations, which aim to hold the government accountable, and carry out influence and control activities, are fully developed.

How Does the Film Raise the Red Lantern Explore the Oppression of Women by the Patriarchal Society in China

With the gradual improvement of Chinese women’s status in the 21st-century,gender studies and gender relations had become one of the hottest topics in Chinese society,which consequently prompted Chinese Women’s Cinema to attract the attention of larger audiences.Therefore,many researchers have focused their research on Chinese Women’s Cinema,but at present,it seems that there is still a research gap to discuss and analyze the changes in women’s status and identity in China in recent years.This paper will take the famous early Chinese Women’s Cinema Raise the Red Lantern as an example for discussion and analysis.The purpose of this paper is to discuss the oppression of women in Chinese feudal patriarchal society through the details in the film Raise the Red Lantern.The significance of this paper is to appeal for gender equality in China by analyzing the oppression of women by the feudal patriarchal society in the film Raise the Red Lantern.Through careful analysis and research,it is concluded that the film Raise the Red Lantern profoundly criticizes the oppression and exploitation of women and vulnerable groups by the Republic of China through shooting details.At the same time,it is in sharp contrast with the independent thought and social status of Chinese women in the 21st-century.

The Protection of the Right to Equality of the Elderly in the Digital Society

The inequality faced by the elderly in a digital society is the digital inequality caused by both public and private actions,as well as the societal inequality exacerbated by the digital inequality.The essence of this issue lies in the unequal social participation due to the expansion of digital space under digital inequality.The characteristics of the elderly,combined with their inherent human dignity,determine that the ultimate goal of protecting their right to equality in a digital society is not limited to equal digital rights alone.Instead,it aims to ensure that the elderly have equal opportunities for social participation in both digital and non-digital spaces by eliminating digital inequality and curbing the expansion of digital space.This ensures the autonomy of the elderly in the digital society.Accordingly,the State should implement two policies based on both prohibitive obligations that prevent direct infringements and protective obligations that safeguard the equal rights of the elderly against encroachments from private entities.The first policy,“Digital Integration”,empowers the elderly with digital skills and helps them actively integrate into the digital society.The second policy,“Digital Coexistence,”ensures that the elderly can equally participate in society even when they choose to abstain from digital technology.

Procreation Anxiety in Climate Crisis:Comparative Analysis of The Smog Society and Diary of an Interesting Year

The deterioration of the environment caused by climate change has been entangled with other factors to wane people’s desire for having children.This paper takes two climate short stories,The Smog Society by the Chinese SF author Chen Qiufan and Diary of an Interesting Year by the British writer Helen Simpson as case studies,comparing the writing of the climate change induced fertility anxiety in the two stories from both the individual and community perspectives.By associating the textual analysis with the social reality about fertility rate in China and Britain,the paper explores performance and coping methods of fertility anxiety in the face of climate crisis,aimed at providing possible solutions for the sustainable development of population.

青年“低欲望躺平”:全球图景、影响因素与引导策略

在全球图景下,以“躺平”为代表的青年低欲望现象已成为世界各国共同面临的难题。文章聚焦美国、英国、日本、韩国、巴西、印度、南非等国的青年低欲望现象,展现了世界各国的差异化表现,并剖析其产生原因。研究指出,全球青年低欲望现象的形成受到外源性因素和内源性因素的影响。其中,外源性因素包括经济下行时期青年就业困难,宗教信仰和社会文化中的男权色彩,以及社会舆论对“躺平”的负面评价;内源性因素包括与青年关系紧密的初级群体的基础素养,以及青年对教育体系和社会现状的不满,而且部分青年的低欲望表现已成为他们抵御社会异化的另类方式。研究提出,面对这一全球普遍存在的社会现象,我们既要承认青年低欲望现象的合理性,营造宽松和谐的社会环境,也要通过政府、媒体、家庭和个人的多方联动,加强青年社交情感发展和能力培养,帮助青年从“躺平”中站起来。

六十载风雨同舟 四代人薪火相传——广东图书馆学会六十年之传统与精神

文章采用历史研究方法,回顾广东图书馆学会60年(1963-2023)的发展历史,以丰富详实的史料阐述杜定友先生“爱国、爱馆、爱书、爱人”的图书馆精神、广东图书馆学会“一个宗旨”“两个法宝”的学会精神和现代图书馆“自由、平等、开放、共享”的专业精神,认为这三种精神是一个不可分割的整体,是广东图书馆学会的优良传统和广东图书馆事业繁荣发展的根本。

2023年ESMO会议食管癌药物治疗进展

2023年欧洲肿瘤内科学会(European Society for Medical Oncology,ESMO)年会于2023年10月20日~24日在西班牙马德里隆重召开。本次大会报道多项食管癌领域的最新前沿研究。本文将从食管癌围手术期治疗和晚期食管癌药物治疗方面整理并解读此次会议中食管癌的重要进展。

从中国地质学会创立看青年的作为

本文简要回顾了中国地质学会成立的过程,分析了学会成立背景中青年的作用,从制度的建立、奖项设置、组织建设、学术活动上等方面梳理了学会百年历程中对青年会员工作的重视,提出传承优良传统,坚定地质文化自信,丰富并开拓新的服务方式,凝聚广大地质青年,发挥青年会员在学会服务地质科学和经济社会发展中的作用。

“研究翻译话翻译”对话录

20世纪缘起的翻译标准大讨论方兴未艾。在新的历史发展时期,由于翻译研究的多元化和有关评价体系的变化,翻译实践这一经典问题有了重新讨论和阐释的必要。翻译实践在译学界的地位和功能是什么?翻译专业学生培养如何与社会需求有效对接?为此,周领顺教授、孟祥春教授、冯全功教授、任东升教授、李正栓教授和王理行编审以“翻译实践之史”“翻译实践之理”“翻译实践之功”“翻译实践之练”“翻译实践之趣”和“翻译实践之需”为主题发表了真知灼见,以期对译学界学者的翻译研究以及现阶段翻译专业硕士和未来翻译专业博士的培养发挥积极的指导或借鉴作用。

美国现代荒野保护运动的兴起和早期发展

美国现代荒野保护运动兴起于两次世界大战之间。它以美国社会主流荒野观的变化为背景,直接促成因素是汽车旅游的普及对荒野构成了威胁。在奥尔多·利奥波德和罗伯特·马歇尔等荒野保护主义者的推动下,联邦林务局在该时期推出了一系列保护荒野的举措,通过制定行政法规等方式,将一些荒野区纳入保护。该时期的荒野保护是由白人“精英”发起的,要保护的主要是荒野的审美娱乐和精神文化价值。两次世界大战之间的荒野保护是在19世纪末20世纪初兴起的自然保护主义的基础上发展起来的,而二战后荒野保护的发展也并非完全是环境主义影响的结果,它实际上是此前的荒野保护运动在二战后的延续和深入。两次世界大战之间的荒野保护在美国现代荒野保护史上占有重要地位,它为二战后的荒野保护奠定了思想和组织基础,提供了重要的立法先例。

人类学对中国式现代化的探索:从原型描述到转型剖析

在新一轮全球知识生产的涌动中,中国人类学正站在一个前所未有的历史节点上,既面临着传统研究取向的挑战,也拥有着在中国式现代化实践中建设自身学科体系、学术体系与话语体系的历史性机遇。在社会整体转型与文化变迁的今日,早期人类学基于前现代简单社会与本质主义的“原型”研究范式已难以解释当前现代性、复杂性与网链性交叉其中的复杂社会与组织。中国人类学需从研究对象、研究方法、研究范式等方面做出学科的内部变革,从追溯原型、探究简单社会到理解转型、剖析复杂社会,进而建立起对现代社会、复杂社会与复杂组织的新研究方向。