Science and Technology Promotion Policies of Strategic Emerging Industries in Anhui Province

In recent years,based on advantages of industry,market,science and technology and other development environment,strategic emerging industries in Anhui Province are developing rapidly,and emerging industries such as new energy,new materials,new generation of information technology occupy an important market share in China and even the world.However,there are still a number of problems in the process of development,and the policy support has a greater impact.In this paper,the development status of strategic emerging industries in Anhui Province was discussed firstly,and then the challenges and problems of the development was discussed.Finally,some science and technology promotion policies of strategic emerging industries in Anhui Province were proposed.

Possibility of Strategic Alliance from Competition: A Game Analysis

The possibility for two competitive firms to form a strategic alliance was quantitatively analyzed with the game theory. The strategic alliance could be formed in an infinitely repeated game with complete information or a finitely repeated game with incomplete information. In the former situation, the discount ratio is important. If the discount ratio is large enough, alliance would be a possible solution. In the latter situation, the bigger the possibility of the rationality is, the more possible is for both firms to make strategic alliance.

China-Russia Partnership and Competition Impact on Strategic Security in Asia

Russia and China are celebrating their“strategic partnership”,and have been vastly expanding their cooperation since 2014.Their close alliance is based on economic and geopolitical considerations.While it is mutually beneficial,it also has its limitations.China and Russia mostly agree with each other on structural issues such as redefining the parameters of international governance.However,they also continue to encounter disagreements and conflicts over conjectural issues such as energy and arms trade.We conclude that in the Asia-Pacific,China and Russia will likely develop a more comprehensive relationship that may have greater practical implications for the region's security and stability.China and Russia continue to seek to align their strategies more comprehensively against the backdrop of the evolving geopolitical environment by working to overcome existing disagreements and exploring new areas of cooperation.

Strategic interaction among local governments, fiscal spending competition and regional economic growth

Using a spatial econometric model, this paper investigates strategic interaction among provincial governments regarding expenditures, the mechanism behind expenditures interaction and their effects on economic growth in China. Our conclusion is as follows: Significant strategic interaction exists among provincial governments regarding expenditures mainly owing to fiscal competition mechanism in China, and expenditures interaction has changed significantly since tax sharing system reform, which has had positive effects on regional economic growth. This conclusion has significant implications for the optimization of public functions, size and structure of local governments in China.

Research About Measures of Enhancing Stability of Competitive Strategic Alliance

With the global economy and the intensification of market competition, more and more enterprises in the same industry to establish a new alliance---competitive strategic alliance. Competitive strategic alliance is not only in the strategic choice of the existence of a potential to create value, but also the existence of synergy. Competition and cooperation between the two conflicting complex logic relations coexist in the competitive strategic alliances （CSA）. Therefore maintaining the relative stability of alliance is the premise and necessary condition of alliance to success. In this paper, on the basis of the literature review, we discuss the significance and principles of improving CSA＇s stability; in the way of case analysis and expert interviews construct the hierarchy analysis model of improving CSA＇s stability; and then further put forward a series of measures which can maintain the CSA＇s stability, such as strengthen the ability of technological innovation, protection and development of the core ability of the enterprise, to develop a coherent strategy alliance target, choose a suitable alliance partner, coordinate the corporate culture between partners, establish alliance risk prevention mechanism, and so on. It will provide theoretical support and practical guidance to relevant departments and relevant personnel in policy decision-making and problem-solving

The Biden Administration’s Scientific and Technological Competition Strategy toward China

Scientific and technological(S&T) competition has become a core and frontier issue in the ongoing China–U.S. strategic competition and the main focus of both countries. Currently, the Biden administration is adopting an S&T competition strategy toward China based on the “small yard, high fence” tactical logic, which involves three pillars: investment to make America strong, alignment to get things under control, and competition to weaken China. In the current context of the China–U.S. competition entering a new normal, five inherent contradictions, namely, the gap between strategic expectations and policy effects, shortfall between action capabilities and policy objectives, push-and-pull between strategic deployment and domestic politics, clash between strategic intentions and the S&T innovation ecosystem, and divergences between American priorities and the interests of American allies, will dictate how this administration will implement its S&T competition strategy toward China.

Voluntary Disclosure and the Type of Product Market Competition： Capacity vs. Price

This paper investigates empirically the effect of different types of product market competition on levels of voluntary disclosure of proprietary information in financial markets. The author proposes that there are two types of strategic interaction settings relevant to disclosure： capacity competition and price competition. Capacity competition drives firms to disclose more information to attain financial market valuation-related benefits, while price competition drives them to disclose less to protect long-term product market advantages. The author finds that the type of product market competition affects the level of voluntary disclosure over and above the finn＇s external financing needs documented in the previous literature. That is, firms engaged in capacity competition disclose relatively more information than those in price competition. Further analysis shows that capacity competition firms disclose more information than no-strategic-interaction benchmark firms but that price competition firms do not disclose less information than the benchmark firms.

战略差异度、技术创新与企业全要素生产率——来自A股上市公司的经验证据

战略差异度对企业的影响是学术界关注的重要问题,而企业能否通过加大战略差异度进而提升全要素生产率为研究企业战略决策方面提供了不同的切入点。采用2009-2020年沪深A股上市公司的数据样本,实证检验了战略差异度对企业全要素生产率的影响。研究结果表明,战略差异度对企业全要素生产率起到显著的正向作用,技术创新在战略差异度影响企业全要素生产率的传导路径上存在中介效应。进一步研究发现,高行业竞争水平、高信息透明度和低融资约束企业的战略差异度越大对全要素生产率的正向作用越显著。研究丰富了全要素生产率的相关文献,并为其提供了研究的新视角。同时有助于企业利益相关者理解战略决策的经济后果,对指导和促进企业进行战略变革及获取竞争优势提供理论参考。

国会及其特设机构在美国对华战略竞争中的角色与影响

拜登政府执政后提出“竞赢中国”战略,全面开展对华战略竞争,明确美国对华战略以及美中关系的主导范式将由“竞争”来定义,“竞争”成为两国关系的“主导性框架”。美国国会两党也逐渐统一对华战略竞争共识,广泛介入中美关系,开展以遏制中国为目的的对华立法和政策行动。众议院美中战略竞争特设委员会在这一背景下成立,并通过调查研究涉华议题,为美国国会制定对华强硬政策和立法提供了参考依据,协调政府的对华政策行动。美中战略竞争特设委员会在对华政策上的激进化取向,使其在中美关系发展中扮演了极其负面的角色,成为美国各项遏制中国行动的策源地之一,对中美双边关系乃至全球局势都造成了负面影响,加剧了中美战略博弈烈度,加深了美国民众对华错误认知,导致美国对华战略竞争日趋常态化、极端化。

以企业文化建设推动饲料企业战略转型期的高质量发展

饲料企业文化建设具有独特性、共识性和相对稳定的特点。在我国经济社会迅速发展的背景下,加快企业文化建设有利于激发饲料企业员工工作积极性,提高饲料企业核心竞争力。本文分析了饲料企业文化的基本特征,探讨文化建设对饲料企业高质量发展的意义,并从明确价值观念、完善管理体系、构建自我品牌三方面提出了增强饲料企业核心竞争力的文化建设策略,以期助推饲料企业的成功转型。

土地财政如何影响中国企业出口?

文章从分税制改革后地方政府财政激励模式转变的视角,首次考察了充当辖区间竞争“新”工具的土地财政对企业出口的影响。研究发现:土地财政通过引发地方政府的支出竞争、税收竞争和补贴竞争不仅提高了企业出口概率和出口强度,还抑制了企业出口退出和延长了出口持续期。但由于存在与税收竞争、补贴竞争相关的企业寻租、“政治包袱”以及与支出竞争相关的公共品偏向性扭曲配置,土地财政也使出口企业长期被锁定于低质量、低附加值和低技术复杂度的低端竞争方式。概括而言,地方政府过度依赖土地财政开展辖区间竞争的策略性行为在促成出口繁荣的同时也付出了出口企业核心竞争力丧失的代价,对中国“大而不强”出口模式产生了“土地财政诅咒”。

美国对华安全战略的框架性分析——基于聚类分析法

[研究目的]用历史长焦距审视中美关系合作、竞争、对抗多重面相交织背景下,美国对华安全战略调整的表象、动因及基本规律。[研究方法]以存在论的现象学作为方法论的基础,基于框架性分析对美国对华安全战略开展历史和现实分析,运用语义网络探究战略的“视域性框架”,创建聚类谱系图还原战略的“议题性框架”,进而总结战略演进的“认知性框架”。[研究结论]根据对特定时代和社会背景下可能存在的框架类型的构建,可以探知未来美国对华安全战略议题趋向多元化,在“战略竞争”的导向下,脱钩、冲突都有发生的可能性。

比较视角下美国对华国家战略焦虑及遏制举措

当前美国对华全面战略焦虑是二战以来继对苏联和日本后的第三次国家战略焦虑。初次战略焦虑是基于美苏双方几无经济交集的战略竞争,是美国对苏联进行经济封锁、军备竞赛、舆论战和价值观颠覆,并动用盟友力量全面对抗。对日战略焦虑则限于经济领域,主要通过打击日本半导体产业、贸易战、整体上强迫日元升值来实现。而对华战略焦虑及应对举措更具全局性和激进性,是涉及经济、政治、军事、科技、意识形态、舆论的全方位对华战略遏制,是用美国主导的国际规则联合全球盟友来对华进行的组织化、体系化的竞争。对此,中国亟需清醒认识美国对华战略遏制的长期性和全面性,充分吸取历史经验与教训,在坚定自身发展道路的同时做好应对准备,不断夯实自身实力以应对未来的不确定挑战。

战略性技术创新投入、竞争性技术创新投入与企业财务绩效

本文选取2015—2022年沪深A股上市公司数据,基于产业生命周期理论,运用双向固定效应模型,从创新投入视角实证检验战略性技术创新和竞争性技术创新对制造业企业财务绩效的非线性影响。实证研究发现,战略性技术创新投入对企业财务绩效具有显著的U形影响;竞争性技术创新投入对企业财务绩效具有显著的倒U形影响。异质性分析发现,国有产权能够削弱这两种影响效应,且市场竞争强度能够影响这两种非线性关系的显著性。

权力与价值的博弈:国际传播战略模型研究

在国际交往日益频繁、国际竞争持续深入的当下,国际传播成为各国取得竞争优势的重要一极。与传统意义上以大众媒介为主要场域不同,广义国际传播包括主体和对象之间一切因为互动引发的信息交换行为,深刻作用于参与者的国际权力地位和文明影响能力。因此,国际传播战略制定的意义重大,必须反映国际竞争的全局性、系统性和长期性。基于此,从现实主义和建构主义出发,将国家综合实力与广义文化近似程度确定为国际传播战略模型(受众矩阵)的横纵坐标,从而区隔出四个象限,各自衍生出一种国际传播战略。首先是综合实力强、广义文化相近的“同源与责任战略”,强调和突出国际传播主体与对象同文同种的“自我认同”,渲染强大前者在同文化圈领导或核心的负责任国家形象;其次是综合实力强、广义文化相异的“标杆与说服战略”,即文化相异、综合实力较强的国际传播主体应努力跨越文化鸿沟,示范和说服国际传播对象明确认识和接受这一事实并开展建设性交流和实质性合作;再次是综合实力弱、广义文化相近的“共情与跟随战略”,也就是在“同文化、弱实力”比较条件下,主体通过国际传播强调双方广义文化近似程度并清晰表达“跟随”战略意图,引发受众共情效应,从而最大化保护国家安全和其他重要利益;最后是综合实力弱、广义文化相异的“互利与展演战略”,即以普世性利益为交流合作切入点、以不同文化共鸣之处为展演,弱势方通过国际传播使强势方认可其国家形象并接受合作诚意。

“复合竞争”时代印太“中等强国”战略选择的分化

美国推出“印太战略”拉开了中美“复合竞争”的序幕。随着大国竞争烈度的增强,国际秩序分裂和集团化倾向的加剧,科技和供应链能力之争的凸显,印太域内的“中等强国”面临越来越大的“选边站”压力,在中美之间的战略选择上亦出现了分化。究其原因,首先,国内层面的官民认知偏好和身份认同两个因素决定了“中等强国”在中美之间的选择偏好;其次,国际体系层面的供应链依赖结构以及是否具有对冲大国压力的制度缓冲影响着选择偏好的极化程度。澳大利亚、韩国和印度尼西亚三国的政策印证了“中等强国”战略选择背后的逻辑。因此,中国应通过在印太“中等强国”国内营造对华友善的认知,推动“亚洲认同”在区域内的扩散,提供更多元化的供应链选择以及继续支持“以东盟为中心”的多边主义地区秩序,努力促使印太“中等强国”在中美之间保持战略中立甚至倾向中国,构建有利于我国的国际关系和战略环境。

地缘政治与战略资源产业链重构——以关键稀土矿产和材料为例

大国清洁能源转型尤其是快速扩张的电动汽车、风电等产业刺激了稀土等战略资源需求,稀土产业链成为中美地缘政治竞争的焦点领域。该研究基于法学和政治经济学的理论方法,从全球治理的经典范式出发,考察美国力推全球稀土产业链重构的深层动因及地缘政治影响,在美国地缘战略“产业链控制”与“联盟制华”两大特征下,揭示中美稀土产业链脱钩与全球“双链”格局、美国“三大法案”与清洁能源产业体系主导权、中美大国博弈与日本产业安全等重要政治经济关系之间的底层逻辑和战略呼应。研究发现:①在产业链控制方面,下游企业开展技术“去稀土化”与美西方“去中国化”的产业链布局导向相互加持,共同推动形成全球战略资源“双链”格局;②在与盟国联合制华方面,美国要求日本等盟国分担与中国地缘竞争的“缔盟”责任,而日本出于自身利益高度介入全球稀土产业链重构,由高度依赖中国稀土进口转向深度参与美国主导的全球稀土产业链;③美国出台“三大法案”是其一贯以国内法塑造地缘关系又一力证,背后的深层动机在于通过重塑战略资源产业链,掌控全球清洁能源转型的主导权。为应对日益升级的战略资源大国博弈,要立足双循环新发展格局,一方面利用好产业链中前端的资源和产能优势,创新引领战略资源产业链自主延展;另一方面强化战略布局,整合全球关键矿产资源,丰富反制手段,不断增强稀土等重点产业链韧性,提升国家战略资源安全保障水平。

大国竞争背景下的人工智能安全治理与战略稳定

在大国战略竞争加剧的背景下,实现对人工智能的有效治理,不仅关乎人类社会的发展,而且影响国际战略稳定。中国和美国作为全球人工智能领域的两大关键行为体,在该领域的治理理念和方式上存在差异。美国依赖技术优势推行单边主导型治理,将人工智能界定为战略竞争的前沿领域,坚持绝对安全理念,试图将监管体系按照人工智能技术和产业生态延展并聚焦于数据资源,尝试构建以美国为中心的非对称单向度的数据流动秩序。中国则坚持真正的多边主义,以总体国家安全观为指引,朝着构建网络空间命运共同体的方向,推动人工智能的全球治理朝着普惠、包容、弹性、灵活的方向发展。中国也非常关切支撑人工智能创新与产业发展所必需的数据资源,努力构建并持续完善以有序流动、分级分类治理为核心特征的数据治理架构,强调均衡考量各方利益,统筹安全与发展,以此作为推进人工智能全球安全治理的核心思路。展望未来,全球人工智能安全治理面临诸多挑战和机遇,各国需要加强沟通与协调,共同应对安全风险,推动人工智能技术健康发展。

美国军事战略的人工智能化趋势及其影响

近年来,在新一轮科技革命影响下,美国对其军事战略进行了人工智能化调整,试图沿袭技术制胜的军事思想传统,围绕在大国战略竞争中取胜这一目标,以新兴技术推进军事能力建设,打造一体化协同作战部队和军事情报系统,塑造针对特定目标进行精准打击的能力。为此,美国发布了一系列战略文件和具体方案推动人工智能的军事化应用。美国国防部建立了以人工智能为核心的组织架构和管理系统,重点发展人工智能人才队伍,加大新技术研发的军费投入,推动军民产业和技术融合,加强与盟友的技术合作。美国军事战略的人工智能化调整会刺激其他国家进行相应变革,进而加剧以人工智能竞争为焦点的大国战略竞争。人工智能技术难以溯源和易于扩散的特点将削弱核威慑的效用,其广泛军事化应用将催生新的战争形态。基于此,中国应密切关注新技术革命的发展趋势和美国军事战略变化的动向,做好应对准备。