Water use, growth and yield of green gram under rainfed upland crop sequences in Gangetic Plains of Indian sub-tropics

A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of different crop sequences on water use, growth and yield of green gram (Vigna radiate (L) Wilezek) during 1992–93 and 1993–94 under rainfed upland condition in Indo-Gangetic plains of West Bengal. Green gram sown in the month of March as pre-rainy (summer) season crop, as and when the winter crops vacated the land, produced highest dry matter of 372 gm-2 which was significantly highest in black gram-yellow sarson sequence. The results of the field experimentation revealed that green gram gave highest grain yield to the extent of 10.80 q/ha when sown after black gram (rainy season) followed by yellow sarson (winter season) while the crop produced 10.63 q/ha under sesame-yellow sarson sequence. Highest water use of 267 mm was achieved in green gram under black gram-yellow sarson sequence and the crop gave water use efficiency of 4.07 kg ha-1mm-1 under black gram-yellow sarson sequences.

Suitability of Green Gram Production in Kenya under Present and Future Climate Scenarios Using Bias-Corrected Cordex RCA4 Models

Green gram is considered as one of the legumes suitable for cultivation in the Arid and Semi-Arid Lands (ASALs) of Kenya. However, climate change may alter the areas suitable for green gram production. This study sought to model green gram suitability in Kenya under present and future conditions using bias-corrected RCA4 models data. The datasets used were: maps of soil parameters extracted from Kenya Soil Survey map;present and future rainfall and temperature data from an ensemble of nine models from the Fourth Edition of the Rossby Centre (RCA4) Regional Climate Model (RCM);and altitude from the Digital elevation model (DEM) of the USGS. The maps were first reclassified into four classes of suitability as Highly Suitable (S1), Moderately Suitable (S2), Marginally Suitable (S3), and Not Suitable (N). The classes represent the different levels of influence of a factor on the growth and yield of green grams. The reclassified maps were then assigned a weight generated using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). A weighted overlay of climate characteristics (past and future rainfall and temperature), soil properties (depth, pH, texture, CEC, and drainage) and altitude found most of Kenya as moderately suitable for green gram production during the March to May (MAM) and October to December (OND) seasons under the baseline, RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 scenarios with highly suitable areas being found in Counties like Kitui, Makueni, and West Pokot among others. During the MAM season, the area currently highly suitable for green gram production (67,842.62 km2) will increase slightly to 68,600.4 km2 (1.1%) during the RCP 4.5 and reduce to 61,307.8 km2 (−9.6%) under the RCP 8.5 scenario. During the OND season, the area currently highly suitable (49,633.4 km2) will increase under both RCP 4.5 (22.2%) and RCP 8.5 (58.5%) scenarios. This increase is as a result of favourable rainfall and temperature conditions in the future.

Response of Green Gram(Vigna Radiata(L.))Wilczek to Inter Row Spacing and Phosphorus under Semi-arid Conditions of Eritrea

Green gram(Vigna radiata(L.)wilczek,)commonly known as moong or mung bean or golden gram was introduced to Eritrea as a pulse crop by Ministry of Agriculture at its National Agricultural Research Institute(NARI)in collaboration with Association for Strengthening Agricultural Research in Eastern and Central Africa(ASARECA)in 2012.But its agronomic practices for semi-arid conditions of Eritrea are not yet standardised.Therefore,to find the optimum inter row spacing and phosphorus dose for its higher productivity,a field experiment was conducted at the experimental farm of Hamelmalo Agricultural College,Keren,Eritrea during summer 2015 and 2016.The experiment was conducted in randomised complete block design(RCBD)with 12 treatment combinations of two factors consisting of four inter row spacing(Broadcast,18 cm,30 cm,and 45 cm)and three phosphorus levels(0,20 and 40 kg P2O5 ha^(-1))each replicated thrice.The results of the study revealed that sowing of K-26 bold seeded variety either by broadcast method or at 18 cm inter row spacing at10 cm plant to plant spacing fertilized with 40 kg P2O5 ha-1 through DAP fertilizer drilled at the time of sowing proved significantly superior to increase growth,yield attributes and seed yield of green gram.

绿豆咖啡复合饮料的研制

以绿豆、咖啡为主要原料 ,对绿豆咖啡复合饮料的加工工艺进行了初步的探讨 ,并采用正交试验 ,对影响饮料品质的主要因素 :绿豆汁、咖啡、蔗糖的配比以及稳定剂的添加量等进行了分析。结果表明 ,最佳配方为 :40 %绿豆汁 ,0 .5 %咖啡 ,9%蔗糖 ,0 .0 2 %黄原胶 ,0 .1%CMC Na ,0 .0

绿豆萌发期蛋白质和维生素C含量及营养价值

绿豆种子萌发过程中蛋白质和VC含量会发生变化。紫外吸收法和2,6-二氯酚靛酚滴定法分别是测定蛋白质和VC含量的常用方法。采用这2种方法测定了绿豆不同萌发期蛋白质和VC含量变化,结果为,萌发1 d时,蛋白质与VC含量分别为0.964 mg/g和0.325 mg/g,2 d时为0.746 mg/g和0.223 mg/g,3 d时为0.629 mg/g和0.157 mg/g,4 d时为0.711 mg/g和0.170 mg/g,5 d时为0.695 mg/g和0.132 mg/g。因此,随萌发时间延长蛋白质含量先下降后略微升高,VC含量下降。

绿豆苯丙氨酸解氨酶的性质及抗肿瘤作用研究

本文参照Ｈａｖｉｒ的方法，从绿豆中分离纯化了苯丙氨酸解氨酶（ＰＡＬ）。纯化的ＰＡＬ经ＳＤＳ聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳及等电聚焦电泳鉴定为单一的蛋白质区带，并测得亚基分子量为７６ＫＤ，等电点为５．４５。在ＰＡＬ对Ｌ１２１０小鼠淋巴细胞白血病细胞株的体外抑制实验观察到：ＰＡＬ对该瘤株的抑制作用随作用时间的延长和药物剂量的增加而增强，０．２Ｕ／ｍｌ、１．０Ｕ／ｍｌ、２．０Ｕ／ｍｌ、４．０Ｕ／ｍｌ、６．０Ｕ／ｍｌ、１０．０Ｕ／ｍｌ的ＰＡＬ作用癌细胞７２ｈ，其抑制率分别为２５．８％、４０．０％、５５．３％、７２．６％、７７．９％、８２．９％。

红壤旱地种植印尼绿豆的养分归还效应研究

研究表明，红壤旱地种植绿肥—印尼绿豆，能获得较高的生物量（每６６７ｍ２达６５２７ｋｇ至８２４６ｋｇ），其有机物质的归还系数达０８４至０８７。在本试验条件下，施肥对印尼绿豆养分归还报酬率高，Ｎ约１∶１０，Ｋ２Ｏ约１∶３７，Ｐ２Ｏ５约１∶１。在印尼绿豆的有机物总归还量中，人工归还的约占２／３，其中尤以占总秸杆量３２７～３７３％的刈嫩秸杆的养分含量最为丰富，其养分归还量占秸杆养分总归还量：Ｎ占４３６～５５７％，Ｐ２Ｏ５占４１８～５０３％，Ｋ２Ｏ占５５７～６１０％。印尼绿豆刈嫩秸杆中Ｋ２Ｏ的含量高达６７９％，具有明显富集钾素特性。

2种在组织切片上鉴别兔脑炎原虫的新方法

[目的]探索在病理组织切片上鉴别兔脑炎原虫的新方法。[方法]用改良的革兰氏染色法和甲基绿派诺宁染色法对病兔脑组织的病变进行染色与鉴别。[结果]普通染色法虽然可清晰观察到脑组织的病理变化,但却不易检出虫体。采用改良的革兰氏染色法,不仅病理结构比较明显,而且可清晰看到染成蓝色的脑炎原虫。用甲基绿派诺宁染色,位于上皮样细胞内的脑炎原虫被染成紫红色。[结论]改良的革兰氏染色法和甲基绿派诺宁染色法对病理组织中的兔脑炎原虫具有良好的染色作用,有助于对兔脑炎原虫病的快速确诊。

绿豆主要数量性状与杂交后代的选择

采用ＳＷｒｉｇｈｔ提出的通径分析方法，对绿豆１１个数量性状与产量之间的关系进行了研究。提出了在杂交后代选育绿豆高产品种的策略，即选择荚长９ｃｍ左右、百粒重＞５ｇ、单株荚数适中（２０个左右）、主茎节数多（＞１０个）、植株矮（８０ｃｍ左右）。

旱地大绿豆不同覆盖方式试验研究

为了保蓄旱地土壤水分,减少无效蒸发,从而提高旱地土壤水分利用率,我们采用地膜、生物二 元和单元覆盖方式进行试验研究,探求绿豆抗旱增产增收新途径。

绿豆受精过程和胚胎发育的研究

在花蕾时期,即花冠长度与最高花萼长度之比为4:1～5:1时,绿豆花药开裂,散出己萌发和尚未萌发的花粉粒,完成自花授粉。授粉后4～6 h,花蕾的花冠与花萼长度之比达5:1—6:1时,花粉管进入子房到达胚珠。授粉后8—12h、约开花前2—4 h,雌、雄性核融合。配子融合同精核与次生核的融合几乎同时发生,但精核与次生核的融合速度快。在少数材料中观察到在受精卵核及受精次生核内各同时出现两个附加雄性核仁。绿豆受精作用属于有丝分裂前类型。花后5 h左右,初生胚乳核进行第一次分裂,胚乳发育为核型。花后14—18h,合子进行第一次分裂;24—28h观察到四细胞原胚,原胚发育属于柳叶菜型,个别的则为茄型;54—58h形成球形胚及大球形胚;64—70h出现子叶原基;250—264h,幼胚分化完全,并充满整个种子。

绿豆(Phaseolus aureus Roxb)大孢子发生和雌配子体发育

绿豆子厉由单心皮构成,1室,有9—13个弯生胚珠着生在边缘胎座上。胚珠具厚珠心双珠被。大孢原细胞1—3个。初生造孢细胞直接形成大孢子母细胞。减数分裂Ⅰ产生不均等大小的二分体,减数分裂Ⅱ为同步。4个大孢子线形排列,合点端为功能大孢子。胚囊发育为蓼型。3个反足细胞等大,早期退化。极核在受精前融合。助细胞在受精前未见退化。在成熟胚珠的合点端由珠心表皮细胞构成承珠盘结构,在珠孔端有珠心冠。

绿豆奶饮料的加工技术

讨论了以绿豆为主要原料 ,加工绿豆奶饮料的最佳生产工艺以及最佳配方 。

绿豆苯丙氨酸解氨酶的分离提纯及抗肿瘤的初步研究

采用丙酮沉淀,硫酸铵分段沉淀,超滤,DEAE-一纤维素柱层析。L-苯丙氨酸—琼脂糖4B亲和层析等方法,从绿豆芽中分离纯化苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL),纯化326倍,产率为9.6％。纯化的PAL经SDS聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳检验为单一的蛋白质区带。亚基分子量为72000道尔顿。绿豆的PAL有一定程度的耐热性。最适pH8.7,对酸碱波动耐受性强。经DEAE-纤维素柱层析从绿豆中分出二种PAL,其Km值分别为9.4×10^(-5)(PALl),6.2×10^(-5)(PAL2) 绿豆PAL对L1210小鼠淋巴细胞白血病细胞株的体外抑制实验,初步确定PAL对此瘤株的生长具有抑制作用。

绿豆期货价格波动分析

以郑州商品交易所绿豆期货为例，通过价格走势、不同交割月期货价格比较、期货价格与现货价格对比和期货价格周期性模拟等分析，探讨了衣产品期货价格的变化及波动规律。

绿豆粉和爽身粉在卧床患者皮肤护理中预防压疮的作用比较

目的探讨绿豆粉和爽身粉哪个能更好的在卧床患者皮肤护理中预防压疮。方法2014年1月~6月19日期间共接诊卧床患者44例,其中意识障碍,四肢活动受限,大小便失禁皮肤易受潮者22例,本文随机分为实验组和对照组,实验组给予受潮部位涂擦绿豆粉,而对照组涂擦爽身粉进行皮肤护理。结果实验组比对照组皮肤护理预防压疮效果较好。结论在卧床患者的皮肤护理中绿豆粉比爽身粉更有效,值得推广。

Isolation, Screening and Molecular Characterization of Multifunctional Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria for a Sustainable Agriculture

The use of PGPR as a multifunctional biofertilizer or biostimulant is an alternative way to prevent soil pollution and preserve agricultural for sustainable economy. In this study, 102 bacterial strains were isolated from rhizospheric soil of different crop fields. Among them, 15 bacterial isolates rich of NPK were selected to screen for PGP activity. It was found that 4 out 15 isolates were able to fix atmospheric nitrogen, 14 could solubilize phosphate and 5 could solubilize potassium. They were further examined for the production of hydrolytic enzymes (amylase, cellulose, chitinase, etc.), plant hormone (IAA) and plant defense substances (HCN, siderophore, etc.). All PGPR isolates were able to produce IAA, siderophore and ammonia while 2 isolates could produce HCN. Among them, 73.33% of selected isolates produced amylase, 80% produced cellulase, 66.67% produced pectinase, 93.33% produced chitinase and β-glucanase. For salt stress tolerance, all the isolates grew well in 5% NaCl while only 4 tolerated 9% NaCl. Among all isolates, 2 have antifungal activity and 5 have antibacterial activity. The best 6 isolates and consortium were tested to promote plant growth in green-gram and maize germination. Seed germination of green-gram and maize was observed the best in Acromobacter insolitus S3 compared with other treatments. Pseudomonas plecoglossicida B3 was found the best in fresh weight for both crops. The highest root formation was observed in Acromobacter insolitus S3 treatment in maize and Enterobacter hormaechei W1 treatment in green-gram.

豇豆族几个根瘤菌株的比较试验

从宜宾夹关组为母质发育的酸性紫色土分离的几株绿豆、豇豆根瘤菌株试验表明，其生长速度快，在不同碳源、明胶，石蕊牛奶中均能生长；在抗逆性方面，大多数能忍耐5％NaCl，耐糖性达30％，最适pH6．8～7．6。这些菌株回接在“安岳油”绿豆、“天府三号”花生上均能有效共生，表现出不同的感染性和亲和性。

提高绿豆有性杂交成功率的研究

用三类熟期六个品种对绿豆的杂交成功率研究表明,授粉前一天16—17时去雄较授粉当天5时前去雄可极显著的提高交成功率;上午7—8时授粉的杂交成功率显著高于其它时间。不同熟期的品种用同一去雄授粉时间其结果基本一致。在杂交过程中还要注意去雄花蕾和采雄花蕾的选择。

Two New Identification Methods for Encephalitozoon cuniculi on Tissue Section

[ Objective] The paper aimed to search new identification methods of Encephalitozoon cuniculi on tissue sections. [ Method] Using improved Gram staining method and methyl green pyronin staining method, the pathological sections of sick rabbits were stained and identified. [ Result] The pathological changes in brain tissue could be clearly observed on sections, but parasites were not examined in pathological brain tissues stained by common staining method. When the pathological section was stained by improved Gram staining method, the pathological changes in brain tissue were not ouly stained very clearly, but blue parasites were also found in brain tissues. The parasites in epithelioid cells were stained into purple ones by methyl green pyronin staining method. [ Conclusion] The im- proved Gram staining method and methyl green pyronin staining method performed good staining effects of E. cuniculi in pathological sections, which were conducive to rapid diagnosis of encephalitozoonosis in rabbit.