Renewable energy sources like solar,wind,and hydro are becoming increasingly popular due to the fewer negative impacts they have on the environment.Because,Since the production of renewable energy sources is still in ...Renewable energy sources like solar,wind,and hydro are becoming increasingly popular due to the fewer negative impacts they have on the environment.Because,Since the production of renewable energy sources is still in the process of being created,photovoltaic(PV)systems are commonly utilized for installation situations that are acceptable,clean,and simple.This study presents an adaptive artificial intelligence approach that can be used for maximum power point tracking(MPPT)in solar systems with the help of an embedded controller.The adaptive method incorporates both the Whale Optimization Algorithm(WOA)and the Artificial Neural Network(ANN).The WOA was implemented to enhance the process of the ANN model’s training,and the ANN model was developed using the WOA.In addition to this,the inverter circuit is connected to the smart grid system,and the strengthening of the smart grid is achieved through the implementation of the CMCMAC protocol.This protocol prevents interference between customers and the organizations that provide their utilities.Using a protocol known as Cross-Layer Multi-Channel MAC(CMCMAC),the effect of interference is removed using the way that was suggested.Also,with the utilization of the ZIGBEE communication technology,bidirectional communication is made possible.The strategy that was suggested has been put into practice,and the results have shown that the PV system produces an output power of 73.32 KW and an efficiency of 98.72%.In addition to this,a built-in regulator is utilized to validate the proposed model.In this paper,the results of various experiments are analyzed,and a comparison is made between the suggested WOA with the ANN controller approach and others,such as the Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO)based MPPT and the Cuckoo Search(CS)based MPPT.By examining the comparison findings,it was determined that the adaptive AI-based embedded controller was superior to the other alternatives.展开更多
针对如何有效利用智能电网产生的海量数据问题,文中开发了基于国家电网公司企业统一信息模型(State grid-common information model,SG-CIM)的企业数据库模型系统,实现了系统之间的信息交互,电网的可视化操作,对电网相关业务进行分析管...针对如何有效利用智能电网产生的海量数据问题,文中开发了基于国家电网公司企业统一信息模型(State grid-common information model,SG-CIM)的企业数据库模型系统,实现了系统之间的信息交互,电网的可视化操作,对电网相关业务进行分析管理,包括故障抢修,业务处理,电力分析计算等。首先,基于企业的业务领域不同,将其划分为12个主题域,并细致化每个主题的属性;其次,针对企业实际情况,分析企业数据库的设计需求,并对其进行具体的设计;最后采用Enterprise Architect软件对电网企业数据库进行UML建模,并将开发的系统应用于电网公司,实际应用效果验证了开发系统的有效性以及可靠性。展开更多
The current power grid confronts severe challenges in satisfying customers'demands.Fast transition to the much more flexible power grid enriched with renewable energies,micro-grid,and distributed energy resources ...The current power grid confronts severe challenges in satisfying customers'demands.Fast transition to the much more flexible power grid enriched with renewable energies,micro-grid,and distributed energy resources has been considered as a straightforward solution to the customers’high demand.Using smart equipment and renewable energies,electric power generation and storage through the power grid domains will be facilitated,which enables bi-directional energy and information flows.The power grid with such enhanced features is called Smart Grid(SG).Controlling and managing the diverse sets of variables in the SG requires precise measuring,monitoring,communicating,and analytic systems which increase the complexity of the grid.This complexity is the main barrier to the realization of the SG up to now.The emergence of the Internet of Things(IoT)simplifies monitoring,communications,and data processing among smart things to connect to anything in the world.This motivates the SG stakeholders and researchers to proceed with the best way to exploit the IoT technologies in the SG.In this survey paper,we summarize various efforts in this regard to highlight the advantages of the IoT-enabled SG and its probable gaps.To this end,a comprehensive layered approach has been proposed in this paper to classify various applications of the IoT technologies in the SG.Investigating IoT opportunities in each architecture layer facilitates the role of each technology and its relationship with other technologies.Also,open issues and future measures for the realization of IoT-enabled SG have been discussed in the paper.展开更多
The Smart Grid, regarded as the next generation power grid, uses two-way flows of electricity and information to create a widely distributed automated energy delivery network. Energy/power plays a critical role for so...The Smart Grid, regarded as the next generation power grid, uses two-way flows of electricity and information to create a widely distributed automated energy delivery network. Energy/power plays a critical role for social, economic and industrial development. Because of industrial generalization, especially in agricultural and economical activities, the energy demand has increased rapidly in developed countries. Generation and usage of energy has direct impact on modern power grid. In this scenario energy management is a hard task because load is dynamic and we don’t have control over it. Renewable or undepleted energy resources have great applications and impact in current electric power system situation. For example it gives pollution free (green) energy which is environment and user friendly. It is cost effective;it uses natural resources for its generation and hence do not waste any coal, gas etc. There are many inducements to empower energy productivity. As current smart grid is complex and non linear in operation and design, it used an optimized method that provides maximum efficiency with minimum input. Our work depicts a case study of hybrid electric aircraft for achieving high performance.展开更多
基金funding this research work through the Small Group Research Project under Grant Number RGP1/70/44.
文摘Renewable energy sources like solar,wind,and hydro are becoming increasingly popular due to the fewer negative impacts they have on the environment.Because,Since the production of renewable energy sources is still in the process of being created,photovoltaic(PV)systems are commonly utilized for installation situations that are acceptable,clean,and simple.This study presents an adaptive artificial intelligence approach that can be used for maximum power point tracking(MPPT)in solar systems with the help of an embedded controller.The adaptive method incorporates both the Whale Optimization Algorithm(WOA)and the Artificial Neural Network(ANN).The WOA was implemented to enhance the process of the ANN model’s training,and the ANN model was developed using the WOA.In addition to this,the inverter circuit is connected to the smart grid system,and the strengthening of the smart grid is achieved through the implementation of the CMCMAC protocol.This protocol prevents interference between customers and the organizations that provide their utilities.Using a protocol known as Cross-Layer Multi-Channel MAC(CMCMAC),the effect of interference is removed using the way that was suggested.Also,with the utilization of the ZIGBEE communication technology,bidirectional communication is made possible.The strategy that was suggested has been put into practice,and the results have shown that the PV system produces an output power of 73.32 KW and an efficiency of 98.72%.In addition to this,a built-in regulator is utilized to validate the proposed model.In this paper,the results of various experiments are analyzed,and a comparison is made between the suggested WOA with the ANN controller approach and others,such as the Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO)based MPPT and the Cuckoo Search(CS)based MPPT.By examining the comparison findings,it was determined that the adaptive AI-based embedded controller was superior to the other alternatives.
文摘针对如何有效利用智能电网产生的海量数据问题,文中开发了基于国家电网公司企业统一信息模型(State grid-common information model,SG-CIM)的企业数据库模型系统,实现了系统之间的信息交互,电网的可视化操作,对电网相关业务进行分析管理,包括故障抢修,业务处理,电力分析计算等。首先,基于企业的业务领域不同,将其划分为12个主题域,并细致化每个主题的属性;其次,针对企业实际情况,分析企业数据库的设计需求,并对其进行具体的设计;最后采用Enterprise Architect软件对电网企业数据库进行UML建模,并将开发的系统应用于电网公司,实际应用效果验证了开发系统的有效性以及可靠性。
文摘The current power grid confronts severe challenges in satisfying customers'demands.Fast transition to the much more flexible power grid enriched with renewable energies,micro-grid,and distributed energy resources has been considered as a straightforward solution to the customers’high demand.Using smart equipment and renewable energies,electric power generation and storage through the power grid domains will be facilitated,which enables bi-directional energy and information flows.The power grid with such enhanced features is called Smart Grid(SG).Controlling and managing the diverse sets of variables in the SG requires precise measuring,monitoring,communicating,and analytic systems which increase the complexity of the grid.This complexity is the main barrier to the realization of the SG up to now.The emergence of the Internet of Things(IoT)simplifies monitoring,communications,and data processing among smart things to connect to anything in the world.This motivates the SG stakeholders and researchers to proceed with the best way to exploit the IoT technologies in the SG.In this survey paper,we summarize various efforts in this regard to highlight the advantages of the IoT-enabled SG and its probable gaps.To this end,a comprehensive layered approach has been proposed in this paper to classify various applications of the IoT technologies in the SG.Investigating IoT opportunities in each architecture layer facilitates the role of each technology and its relationship with other technologies.Also,open issues and future measures for the realization of IoT-enabled SG have been discussed in the paper.
文摘The Smart Grid, regarded as the next generation power grid, uses two-way flows of electricity and information to create a widely distributed automated energy delivery network. Energy/power plays a critical role for social, economic and industrial development. Because of industrial generalization, especially in agricultural and economical activities, the energy demand has increased rapidly in developed countries. Generation and usage of energy has direct impact on modern power grid. In this scenario energy management is a hard task because load is dynamic and we don’t have control over it. Renewable or undepleted energy resources have great applications and impact in current electric power system situation. For example it gives pollution free (green) energy which is environment and user friendly. It is cost effective;it uses natural resources for its generation and hence do not waste any coal, gas etc. There are many inducements to empower energy productivity. As current smart grid is complex and non linear in operation and design, it used an optimized method that provides maximum efficiency with minimum input. Our work depicts a case study of hybrid electric aircraft for achieving high performance.
