Recent research has suggested that increased industrial and technological utilization of antimony and bismuth necessitates greater research to determine the soil and water chemistry and the environmental risks associa...Recent research has suggested that increased industrial and technological utilization of antimony and bismuth necessitates greater research to determine the soil and water chemistry and the environmental risks associated with these elements. The near-total soil profile concentrations of antimony and bismuth were determined for key soil series across southeastern Missouri. The antimony concentrations ranged from 0.65 to 0.08 mg kg<sup>−</sup><sup>1</sup>, whereas the bismuth soil profile concentrations ranged from 0.92 to 0.03 mg kg<sup>−</sup><sup>1</sup>. Most pedons showed antimony concentrations ranging from 20 to 30 mg kg<sup>−</sup><sup>1</sup>, whereas bismuth concentrations were commonly 10 to 20 mg kg<sup>−</sup><sup>1</sup>. For soils having argillic horizons, antimony and bismuth concentrations were greater for the illuvial horizons than the eluvial horizons, whereas Entisols, Inceptisols, and one Vertisol showed rather uniform antimony and bismuth concentrations, features paralleling the soil texture distribution. Both antimony and bismuth showed significant correlations with iron.展开更多
Various alcohols and phenols were trimethylsilylated in excellent yields using hexamethyldisilazane in the presence of catalytic amounts of environmentally friendly, hydrophobic, highly thermal stable, and completely ...Various alcohols and phenols were trimethylsilylated in excellent yields using hexamethyldisilazane in the presence of catalytic amounts of environmentally friendly, hydrophobic, highly thermal stable, and completely heterogeneous sulfonic acid functionalized mesostructured SBA-15 in dichloromethane at ambient temperature. Primary, bulky secondary, tertiary, and phenolic hydroxyl functional groups were transformed to the corresponding trimethylsilyl ethers in excellent yields. The simple experimental procedure was accompanied by easy recovery and the catalyst was reusable (at least 18 reaction cycles); these are attractive features of this protocol.展开更多
目的:研究伴鼻息肉的慢性鼻窦炎(chronic rhinosinusitis with nasalpolyps,CRSwNP)患者鼻息肉中15-羟基前列腺素脱氢酶(15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase,HPGD)的表达水平及其调控机制。方法:应用免疫荧光观察鼻息肉组织中HPGD...目的:研究伴鼻息肉的慢性鼻窦炎(chronic rhinosinusitis with nasalpolyps,CRSwNP)患者鼻息肉中15-羟基前列腺素脱氢酶(15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase,HPGD)的表达水平及其调控机制。方法:应用免疫荧光观察鼻息肉组织中HPGD表达的细胞类型,应用Western-Blot对鼻息肉组织中HPGD表达进行半定量分析。观察人源重组高迁移率家族蛋白1(highmobility group box-1,HMGB1)对人原代鼻黏膜上皮细胞中HPGD表达的作用,并利用晚期糖基化终末产物受体(receptor for advancedglycation end products,RAGE)中和抗体观察能否阻断HMGB1对HPGD的诱导作用。结果:各型CRSwNP患者中的HPGD表达水平增高,且定位于CD68阳性细胞及上皮细胞。人源重组HMGB1可刺激人原代鼻黏膜上皮细胞中HPGD表达增高,且呈时间依赖性,同时在12h可观察到MEK的磷酸化水平增高及RAGE表达增高,但在24hMEK磷酸化水平及RAGE表达趋于正常。利用RAGE中和抗体可部分阻断人源重组HMGB1对人原代鼻黏膜上皮细胞中HPGD的诱导作用。结论:CRSwNP中HPGD表达增高,且主要定位于巨噬细胞及上皮细胞。HMGB1通过RAGE-MEK信号通路调控HPGD表达,这可能为今后调控CRSwNP中PGE2水平提供了一个新的靶点。展开更多
Compounds containing(pseudo-)tetrahedral main group(semi-)metal units are fundamentally important in three aspects.First,they provide new strategies for the stabilization of tetrahedral units,such as Pn_(4)(Pn=P,As)an...Compounds containing(pseudo-)tetrahedral main group(semi-)metal units are fundamentally important in three aspects.First,they provide new strategies for the stabilization of tetrahedral units,such as Pn_(4)(Pn=P,As)and their isoelectronic analogs,in the coordination sphere of d-/f-block metal atoms.Second,they serve as first-step models for the activation of tetrahedral molecules.Third,they are starting materials for subsequent transformations toward larger clusters or materials.Partial or full isoelectronic replacement of the pnictogen atoms in P4 or As_(4) results in a variety of(pseudo-)tetrahedral anions,Tt_(4)^(4−)(Tt=Si,Ge,Sn,Si/Ge),(Ge_(3)Pn)^(3−)(Pn=P,As;formed in situ),(Tt_(2)Pn_(2))^(2−)(Tt/Pn=Ge/P,Ge/As,Sn/Sb,Sn/Bi,Pb/Sb,Pb/Bi),or(TrBi_(3))^(2−)(Tr=Ga,In,Tl),and also cations,(P3Ch)+(Ch=S,Se,Te).The anions have proven to be excellent starting materials and building blocks for multinary clusters in the context of Zintl chemistry.Such compounds,which push forward the boundary of intriguing P4 chemistry,have never been thoroughly summarized before.In this minireview,we introduce all known intact(pseudo-)tetrahedral group 13–15 units,as well as the coordination compounds based on them,along with two new missing links,[Au(η^(2-)Tt_(2)Bi_(2))_(2)]^(3−)(Tt=Sn,Pb).展开更多
文摘Recent research has suggested that increased industrial and technological utilization of antimony and bismuth necessitates greater research to determine the soil and water chemistry and the environmental risks associated with these elements. The near-total soil profile concentrations of antimony and bismuth were determined for key soil series across southeastern Missouri. The antimony concentrations ranged from 0.65 to 0.08 mg kg<sup>−</sup><sup>1</sup>, whereas the bismuth soil profile concentrations ranged from 0.92 to 0.03 mg kg<sup>−</sup><sup>1</sup>. Most pedons showed antimony concentrations ranging from 20 to 30 mg kg<sup>−</sup><sup>1</sup>, whereas bismuth concentrations were commonly 10 to 20 mg kg<sup>−</sup><sup>1</sup>. For soils having argillic horizons, antimony and bismuth concentrations were greater for the illuvial horizons than the eluvial horizons, whereas Entisols, Inceptisols, and one Vertisol showed rather uniform antimony and bismuth concentrations, features paralleling the soil texture distribution. Both antimony and bismuth showed significant correlations with iron.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(20976077,21076100)National Key Basic Research Program of China(973)(2007CB216403)Innovation Team of Liaoning Province Colleges,China~~
文摘Various alcohols and phenols were trimethylsilylated in excellent yields using hexamethyldisilazane in the presence of catalytic amounts of environmentally friendly, hydrophobic, highly thermal stable, and completely heterogeneous sulfonic acid functionalized mesostructured SBA-15 in dichloromethane at ambient temperature. Primary, bulky secondary, tertiary, and phenolic hydroxyl functional groups were transformed to the corresponding trimethylsilyl ethers in excellent yields. The simple experimental procedure was accompanied by easy recovery and the catalyst was reusable (at least 18 reaction cycles); these are attractive features of this protocol.
文摘目的:研究伴鼻息肉的慢性鼻窦炎(chronic rhinosinusitis with nasalpolyps,CRSwNP)患者鼻息肉中15-羟基前列腺素脱氢酶(15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase,HPGD)的表达水平及其调控机制。方法:应用免疫荧光观察鼻息肉组织中HPGD表达的细胞类型,应用Western-Blot对鼻息肉组织中HPGD表达进行半定量分析。观察人源重组高迁移率家族蛋白1(highmobility group box-1,HMGB1)对人原代鼻黏膜上皮细胞中HPGD表达的作用,并利用晚期糖基化终末产物受体(receptor for advancedglycation end products,RAGE)中和抗体观察能否阻断HMGB1对HPGD的诱导作用。结果:各型CRSwNP患者中的HPGD表达水平增高,且定位于CD68阳性细胞及上皮细胞。人源重组HMGB1可刺激人原代鼻黏膜上皮细胞中HPGD表达增高,且呈时间依赖性,同时在12h可观察到MEK的磷酸化水平增高及RAGE表达增高,但在24hMEK磷酸化水平及RAGE表达趋于正常。利用RAGE中和抗体可部分阻断人源重组HMGB1对人原代鼻黏膜上皮细胞中HPGD的诱导作用。结论:CRSwNP中HPGD表达增高,且主要定位于巨噬细胞及上皮细胞。HMGB1通过RAGE-MEK信号通路调控HPGD表达,这可能为今后调控CRSwNP中PGE2水平提供了一个新的靶点。
基金supported by the German Research foundation(Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft,DFG)F.P.gratefully acknowledges a research fellowship by the Alexander von Humboldt foundation.
文摘Compounds containing(pseudo-)tetrahedral main group(semi-)metal units are fundamentally important in three aspects.First,they provide new strategies for the stabilization of tetrahedral units,such as Pn_(4)(Pn=P,As)and their isoelectronic analogs,in the coordination sphere of d-/f-block metal atoms.Second,they serve as first-step models for the activation of tetrahedral molecules.Third,they are starting materials for subsequent transformations toward larger clusters or materials.Partial or full isoelectronic replacement of the pnictogen atoms in P4 or As_(4) results in a variety of(pseudo-)tetrahedral anions,Tt_(4)^(4−)(Tt=Si,Ge,Sn,Si/Ge),(Ge_(3)Pn)^(3−)(Pn=P,As;formed in situ),(Tt_(2)Pn_(2))^(2−)(Tt/Pn=Ge/P,Ge/As,Sn/Sb,Sn/Bi,Pb/Sb,Pb/Bi),or(TrBi_(3))^(2−)(Tr=Ga,In,Tl),and also cations,(P3Ch)+(Ch=S,Se,Te).The anions have proven to be excellent starting materials and building blocks for multinary clusters in the context of Zintl chemistry.Such compounds,which push forward the boundary of intriguing P4 chemistry,have never been thoroughly summarized before.In this minireview,we introduce all known intact(pseudo-)tetrahedral group 13–15 units,as well as the coordination compounds based on them,along with two new missing links,[Au(η^(2-)Tt_(2)Bi_(2))_(2)]^(3−)(Tt=Sn,Pb).
