Group Psychological Intervention for Children with Hyperactivity Disorder

ADHD is a broad psychiatric disorder that affects children of normal or near-normal intelligence.It is character-ized by inattention,hyperactivity,and age-inappropriate impulsivity,and it is often accompanied by learning dif-ficulties,behavioral,emotional,and interpersonal problems.On the other hand,hyperactive tendencies in children with ADHD exhibit ADHD-like behaviors such as lack of self-control,inattention,hyperactivity,and emotional impulsivity.However,because their symptoms are less severe,they do not meet the diagnostic criteria for ADHD but are ADHD or at risk of developing ADHD.The purpose of this study is to alleviate and reduce children’s hyperactivity symptoms by investigating the current situation of the children studied,and systemati-cally intervening and educating children with ADHD through psychological group intervention.Research data shows that ADHD is most commonly diagnosed in school-age children,and in 70%–80%of children with ADHD,symptoms persist into adolescence and 30%into adulthood.Through the use of group psychological intervention in the experiment,the prevalence rate of children with hyperactivity disorder tendency has been effectively reduced.This shows that group psychological intervention training has a significant effect on improving hyper-activity symptoms in children with ADHD tendency.

Study on group intervention regarding interpersonal trust among college students with campus psychodrama

Purpose: To explore the interventional effects of campus psychodrama on improving the interpersonal trust among college students. Methods: 16 college students with low levels of interpersonal trust were selected to conduct 5 sessions of psychodrama therapy. Results: The subject group has gone through stages of ice breaking, performance, and sharing. Through group counseling with psychodrama, the social avoidance and distressful behaviors of the subjects have been alleviated, and their levels of interpersonal trust demonstrated notable change. Conclusion: Campus psychodrama is an effective group counseling approach for improving college students’ interpersonal trust.

Effectiveness of Post-Traumatic Growth Intervention to Promote Positive Post-Traumatic Traits in Chinese Breast Cancer Patients:A Randomized Controlled Trial

Objective:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of post-traumatic growth(PTG)model-based intervention to improve positive psychological traits in Chinese breast cancer patients.Design:A randomized control trial of a psychological group intervention based on PTG model.Methods:The Clinical Trial was registered on 17 August 2019 at Chinese Clinical Trials.gov with Registration number ChiCTR1900025264.A total of 92 patients with breast cancer were recruited.The participants were randomly assigned to the experimental group(n=46)and the control group(n=46).A six-session psychological group intervention based on PTG model was implemented in the experimental group,and a six-session health education was implemented in the control group.The outcomes weremeasured at baseline(pre-intervention),3 weeks,6 weeks after the intervention.The primary outcome was posttraumatic growth assessed by the Chinese version of the Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory(PTGI);Secondary outcomes included psychological resilience,family resilience,rumination,and self-disclosure.Results:A total of 87 patients with breast cancer completed this study,including 44 patients in the experimental group and 43 patients in the control group.There was no significant difference in baseline data of breast cancer patients between the two groups except for the treatment regimen(p>0.05).The two groups were compared after the intervention;the interaction effects between the total scores of posttraumatic growth,family resilience,and self-disclosure and the time term were statistically significant(p<0.05),indicating that the trend of change in total scores of post-traumatic growth,family resilience,and self-disclosure differed between the experimental and control groups over time,and the scores improved in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group.The comparison of psychological resilience and total score of rumination at each time point was statistically significant(p<0.05),indicating that group intervention based on the PTG model could improve the psychological recovery ability and rumination level of the experimental group.Conclusion:The psychological group intervention based on the PTG model significantly improved post-traumatic growth,family resilience,and self-disclosure in patients with breast cancer.However,the impact on psychological resilience and rumination was relatively small.Long-term intervention is needed to further test the effect of the PTG model on psychological resilience and rumination.

Effect of group psychological intervention on oxidative stress,apoptosis and inflammatory response in patients with schizophrenia

Objective: To investigate the effect of group psychological intervention on oxidative stress, apoptosis and inflammatory response in patients with schizophrenia. Methods: A total of 80 patients with schizophrenia who received hospitalization in the hospital between September 2014 and October 2016 were collected and divided into control group (n=40) and observation group (n=40) according to the random number table method. Control group received routine clinical intervention, the observation group received group psychological intervention on the basis of conventional intervention, and the differences in serum contents of oxidative stress indicators, apoptosis molecules and inflammatory factors were compared between the two groups of patients before and after intervention. Results: Before intervention, the differences in serum levels of oxidative stress indexes, apoptosis molecules and inflammatory factors were not statistically significant between the two groups of patients. After intervention, serum SOD and bcl-2 levels of both groups of patients were higher than those before intervention while MDA, bax, Caspace-3, Fas, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α levels were lower than those before intervention, and serum SOD and bcl-2 levels of observation group were higher than those of control group while MDA, bax, Caspace-3, Fas, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α levels were lower than those of control group. Conclusion: Group psychological intervention can effectively inhibit the systemic oxidative stress and inflammatory response, and reduce the process of apoptosis in patients with schizophrenia.

Effect of Group Intervention Combined with Massage Nursing on Patients with Lymphedema

Objective:To evaluate and analyze the clinical effect of group intervention combined with massage nursing in patients with lymphedema.Methods:The time span of this study was selected from October 2017 to December 2020.A total of 496 patients with lymphedema after breast cancer surgery were included.They were divided into study group and control group according to the difference of nursing intervention scheme.The control group was given basic nursing,and the study group was given Satya group intervention combined with massage nursing.The indicators of the two groups were compared and analyzed.Results:Compared with the two groups at different time points,the study group had more advantages(P<0.05).Compared with the recurrence rate of lymphedema in the two groups,the study group had more advantages(P<0.05);Compared with the sads score and SES score after nursing intervention,the study group had more advantages(P<0.05).Conclusion:The clinical effect of group intervention combined with massage nursing in patients with lymphedema is significant,which can be promoted in all levels of medical institutions.

Effect of cognitive behavioral group therapy on rehabilitation of community patients with schizophrenia:A short-term randomized control trial

BACKGROUND The efficacy of cognitive behavioral group therapy(CBGT)for cognitive dysfunction and negative symptoms of schizophrenia is established,but more evidence is required.AIM To assess the effectiveness of CBGT combined with mental health education as a treatment for schizophrenia compared with mental health education alone.METHODS In all,120 schizophrenia out-patients were randomized into CBGT combined with mental health education or single mental health education.The primary outcomes were positive and negative symptoms,cognitive function,excitatory factor,anxiety and depression symptom improvements on the positive and negative syndrome scale score.Secondary outcome measures included social function and drug compliance.RESULTS There were significant differences between CBGT combined with mental health education and single mental health education on measures of positive and negative symptoms,cognitive functions,excitatory factor,anxiety and depression symptoms,and social functions.No other significant difference in outcomes was observed.CONCLUSION CBGT combined with mental health education may be relevant beneficial treatment method in reducing symptoms,cognitive and social functions of patients with schizophrenia.

萨提亚模式团体辅导在大学生自杀意念干预中的应用效果

目的探讨萨提亚模式团体辅导对大学生自杀意念的干预效果,为大学生自杀行为的防控提供依据。方法采用随机整群抽样方法选取某高校大二年级的20个班的学生作为调查对象,随机分为干预组和对照组,每组10个班,干预组采用萨提亚模式团体辅导进行干预,对照组不采取任何干预。随访干预3个月,对2组大学生的自杀意念、生命意义及自我和谐进行比较分析。结果干预后,干预组的自杀意念检出率(6.13%)低于对照组(10.31%)及干预前(11.74%)(P<0.05);干预组对自杀行为的态度、对自杀者的态度、对自杀者家属的态度和对安乐死的态度得分分别为(2.98±0.56)分、(2.81±0.45)分、(2.97±0.36)分和(2.95±0.61)分,均高于对照组及干预前自身得分(P<0.05);干预组生命意义得分和寻求意义得分分别为(25.15±3.12)分和(26.82±3.63)分,均高于对照组得分(P<0.05);干预组自我与经验的不和谐、自我的灵活性和自我的刻板性得分分别为(45.32±8.21)、(47.81±8.27)和(16.03±3.92)分,与对照组相比差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论萨提亚模式团体辅导对大学生自杀意念有着积极的干预作用,值得在高校推广。

团体积极心理干预对研究生生命意义感和社会支持的效果

目的:验证积极心理干预提升研究生生命意义感及社会支持的有效性。方法:将59名研究生(年龄22.76±0.97岁)分为干预组(n=44)和对照组(n=15),干预组完成了6次团体积极心理干预,对照组等待实施干预,前测与后测均填写了生命意义感量表(MLQ)和领悟社会支持量表(PSSS)。结果:①干预组在生命意义感、领悟社会支持得分上的变化量均显著高于对照组(t=2.02,2.60;P<0.05);②与前测相比,干预组在干预后生命意义感和领悟社会支持显著提升(t=3.80,3.71;P<0.001)。结论:团体积极心理干预可以有效提升研究生的生命意义感和社会支持。

综合护理干预对耐多药结核病患者心理状态及服药依从性的影响

目的:探讨心理干预和团体活动对耐多药结核病患者心理状态及治疗依从性的影响。方法:将200例患者随机分为常规组和干预组各100例,常规组采用常规健康教育及一般常规护理,干预组采用心理干预、团体活动等多形式干预,采用症状自评量表(symptom checklist-90,SCL-90)进行心理状况调查测评,采用服药依从性量表进行服药依从性测评。结果:SCL-90中躯体化、强迫症状、人际关系敏感、抑郁、偏执、精神病性、睡眠及饮食几个维度,干预组得分均低于常规组(P<0.05),干预组SCL-90情况总均分低于常规组(P<0.05);干预组患者治疗依从性总均分高于常规组(t=-2.740,P=0.007);其中“结核病治疗周期长,您是否觉得长期服药有困难?”“您多久会有一次忘记服药?”“在过去的2周内,是否曾经忘记服用结核药?”这3个条目的分值干预组均高于常规组(P<0.05)。结论:心理干预及团体活动可改善耐多药结核病患者的不良心理状态,提高治疗依从性,促进患者康复。

积极心理干预对中学生创伤后成长的影响

对经历过重大校园危机事件的中学生开展积极心理干预团体辅导干预的实验研究,结果表明,实施积极心理干预能够提高中学生创伤后成长水平,传统心理干预中蕴含着积极趋向与积极价值,可以在一定程度上提高中学生创伤后成长水平。为提高中学生的心理健康水平,学校要重视学生心理健康教育,坚持积极心理干预与传统心理干预相结合,并推广以班级为单位的积极心理干预团体辅导活动。

萨提亚模式单次团体心理干预对大学生主观幸福感的提升和持续效果

目的:探索萨提亚模式单次团体心理干预对大学生主观幸福感的提升和持续效果。方法:采用方便取样方式选择大学生研究组40人和对照组25人,对研究组进行萨提亚模式单次团体心理干预;对照组大学生不参加单次团体心理干预。研究组大学生在干预前后和干预后2周测量主观幸福感量表,评估干预效果和保持作用。对照组大学生同期完成3次主观幸福感量表测量。干预后和干预后2周的主观幸福感量表总分较干预前提升5%,即认为干预有效。结果:研究组大学生干预后和干预后2周主观幸福感量表总分提升5%以上人数分别是29名(72.5%)和22名(55.00%),对照组大学生干预后和干预后2周主观幸福感量表总分提升5%以上人数均为0名。两组大学生干预后和干预后2周主观幸福感量表总分提升有效人数比较,差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)=32.726,20.785;P<0.001)。干预后和干预后2周,研究组大学生主观幸福感量表总分均显著高于干预前,差异有统计学意义(t=-6.798,-5.106;P<0.001);干预后和干预后2周,研究组大学生主观幸福感量表总分均显著高于对照组大学生,差异有统计学意义(t=2.679,2.375;P<0.05)。干预后研究组大学生主观幸福感量表的知足常乐、心理健康、社会信心、成长进步、目标价值、自我接受、身体健康、心态平衡、人际适应的9个因子分显著高于干预前,差异有统计学意义(t=-5.495~-2.168,P<0.05~0.001);干预后2周,研究组大学生主观幸福感量表的心理健康、社会信心、成长进步、目标价值、自我接受、心态平衡的6个因子分显著高于干预前,差异有统计学意义(t=-4.781~-2.429,P<0.05~0.001)。干预后,研究组大学生主观幸福感量表的心理健康、社会信心、成长进步、目标价值、自我接受、人际适应的6个因子分显著高于对照组大学生,差异有统计学意义(t=2.006~2.882,P<0.05~0.01)。干预后2周,研究组大学生主观幸福感量表的社会信心、成长进步、自我接受、心态平衡的4个因子分显著高于对照组大学生,差异有统计学意义(t=2.431~2.792,P<0.05~0.01)。结论:萨提亚模式单次团体心理干预能有效提升大学生主观幸福感,并且有良好的保持效果。

接纳与承诺团体干预对维持性血液透析糖尿病肾病患者营养状况的影响

目的研究接纳与承诺团体干预对糖尿病肾病维持性血液透析患者营养状况的影响,为提高患者的生活质量、延长其生存时间提供心理干预方法。方法选取2022年7—10月在山东省某三级甲等综合医院行血液透析的糖尿病肾病63例患者为研究对象,按照组间资料具有可比性的原则分为观察组31例和对照组32例。对照组接受常规的健康教育和心理指导,观察组在对照组基础上实施接纳与承诺团体干预。比较两组患者糖尿病肾病维持性血液透析营养管理知信行评分、营养不良-炎症评分(MIS),检查两组患者血磷、血钙、白蛋白、C反应蛋白(CRP)指标。结果透析3个月后,观察组患者营养管理知信行评分均高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。透析3个月后,观察组MIS评分低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。透析3个月后,观察组患者血钙高于对照组,血磷低于对照组,白蛋白及CRP优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论接纳与承诺疗法通过接纳、认知解离、体验当下、以己为景、澄清价值观和承诺行动6个过程,利用正念、隐喻、知识传授及有氧运动等方法,可以提高糖尿病肾病维持性血液透析患者营养管理知信行水平和营养管理依从性,改善营养状况,维持钙磷代谢平衡。

基于津巴多时间观疗法的团体心理干预在抑郁症患者中的应用效果研究

目的:探讨基于津巴多时间观的团体心理干预在抑郁症患者中的应用效果。方法:选取南京某三级甲等医院2023年1月至2023年12月收治的120例抑郁症患者,随机分为对照组、干预组各60例。对照组接受常规护理干预,干预组在常规护理基础上接受津巴多时间观的团体心理干预。对比两组Beck抑郁量表(Beck depression inventory-Ⅱ,BDI-Ⅱ)、简易应对式问卷(simplified coping style questionnaire,SCSQ)、非理性信念量表(irrational beliefs scale,IBS)、津巴多时间观量表(Zimbardo time perspective inventory,ZTPI)的评分。结果:干预后,团体心理干预组SCSQ消极应对方式及IBS评分均低于常规组(P均<0.05),津巴多时间观5个维度中:“过去消极”“现在宿命”时间观的评分均明显降低常规组(P均<0.05);“过去积极”“现在冲动”“未来”的评分均高于常规组(P均<0.05)。结论:津巴多时间观的团体心理干预可以平衡抑郁症患者的时间观,增强患者的积极应对能力,从而改善抑郁症患者心理状态,提高生活质量。

IMB模型框架下小组个性化干预对PE患者自护能力、血压控制的影响

目的:探究IMB模型框架下小组个性化干预对子痫前期(PE)患者自护能力、血压控制的影响。方法:随机数字表法将2021年3月-2023年2月本院就诊的PE患者200例分为观察组与对照组各100例,两组均予以常规护理干预,观察组同时予以信息-动机-行为技巧(IMB)模型框架下小组个性化护理干预,均干预至妊娠分娩。比较两组自护能力[自我护理能力测定量表(ESCA)评分]、负性心理[焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分]、治疗依从性、血压控制情况及分娩结局。结果:干预后观察组ESCA各维度评分均高于对照组,SDS(42.55±4.28分)、SAS(43.39±4.21分)评分均低于对照组(48.36±4.33分、47.57±4.36分),治疗依从性(94.0%)高于对照组(83.0%),收缩压及舒张压(127.6±7.5 mmHg、93.5±4.3 mmHg)低于对照组(142.5±8.4mmHg、104.6±5.5 mmHg),不良分娩结局低于对照组(均P<0.05)。结论:对PE患者实施IMB模型框架下小组个性化干预可提高患者的自护能力与治疗依从性,减轻负性心理,有利于血压控制及改善妊娠结局,提高了护理效果。

焦点解决团体干预在急性髓系白血病患者中的应用效果

目的探讨焦点解决团体干预在急性髓系白血病患者中的应用效果。方法根据干预方式的不同将106例急性髓系白血病患者分为对照组(n=43)和观察组(n=63),对照组患者给予常规干预,观察组患者给予焦点解决团体干预。比较两组患者的负性情绪[广泛性焦虑障碍量表(GAD-7)、健康问卷抑郁症状群量表(PHQ-9)]、生活质量[生活质量综合评定问卷(GQOLI-74)]、血常规指标、不良反应发生情况及随访6个月的生存情况。结果干预后,两组患者GAD-7、PHQ-9评分均低于本组干预前,观察组患者GAD-7、PHQ-9评分均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。干预后,两组患者GQOLI-74各维度评分均高于本组干预前,观察组患者GQOLI-74各维度评分均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。干预后,观察组患者白细胞计数低于对照组,血小板计数高于对照组,不良反应总发生率低于对照组,6个月生存率高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。结论焦点解决团体干预能够明显缓解急性髓系白血病患者的负性情绪,提高生活质量和生存率,降低不良反应发生率,改善白细胞计数和血小板计数,从而改善患者的预后。

临床药师干预对脑卒中患者合理使用依达拉奉右莰醇注射用浓溶液的效果分析

目的:探讨临床药师干预对提高依达拉奉右莰醇注射用浓溶液在脑卒中患者中使用合理性的作用及对疾病诊断相关分组(DRG)付费的影响。方法:回顾性分析2022年9月至2023年6月于广元市中心医院接受治疗并使用依达拉奉右莰醇注射用浓溶液的脑卒中患者相关信息,纳入临床药师干预前(2022年9月1日至2023年2月24日)147例患者、干预后(2023年2月25日至6月30日)149例患者,比较干预前后患者不合理医嘱发生率和不良反应发生情况,以及平均住院时间、药品费用、住院费用和DRG付费后的盈亏。结果:干预后,不合理医嘱发生率为19.46%(29/149),低于干预前的80.95%(119/147)。干预后,有1例患者发生不良反应,低于干预前的5例。干预后,患者的平均住院时间为10.56 d,短于干预前的12.60 d;患者的平均药品费用、平均住院费用和DRG付费后的盈亏分别为7 300.07元、28 592.75元和亏3 347.83元,低于干预前的9 437.71元、34 740.39元和亏4 408.02元,上述差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:临床药师干预脑卒中患者使用依达拉奉右莰醇注射用浓溶液具有很高的积极作用,可减少不合理医嘱和不良反应的发生,在一定程度上减轻患者的经济负担,在DRG付费模式下对医院的成本控制起到积极作用。

基于ADOPT模式的团体心理干预对老年直肠癌患者自我管理能力、生活质量及希望水平的影响

目的 探讨基于ADOPT模式的团体心理干预对老年直肠癌患者自我管理能力、生活质量及希望水平的影响。方法 依据干预方法的不同将200例老年直肠癌患者分为观察组(n=109)和常规组(n=91),常规组患者给予常规干预,观察组患者给予基于ADOPT模式的团体心理干预。比较两组患者的造口适应情况[造口适应量表(OAS)]、自我管理能力、负性情绪[焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)]、生活质量[欧洲癌症研究与治疗组织生命质量测定量表(EORTC QLQ-C30)]、希望水平[Herth希望量表(HHI)]和满意度。结果 出院时和出院后6个月,两组患者OAS量表各维度评分和总分均高于本组术后1天,且观察组患者OAS量表各维度评分和总分均高于常规组,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。出院时,两组患者SAS、SDS评分均低于本组术后1天,肠造口病人自我管理能力问卷、EORTC QLQ-C30、HHI量表各维度评分均高于本组术后1天,观察组患者SAS、SDS评分均低于常规组,肠造口病人自我管理能力问卷、EORTC QLQ-C30、HHI量表各维度评分均高于常规组,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。观察组患者的总满意度为98.17%,明显高于常规组患者的89.01%,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.01)。结论 基于ADOPT模式的团体心理干预可明显缓解老年直肠癌患者的负性情绪,强化患者适应情况和自我管理能力,提高生活质量、希望水平和满意度。

换位社交团体干预对孤独症儿童症状和共情的改善

研究参考自我-他人转换的共情模型,聚焦于自我-他人转换开关,设计适用于改善孤独症儿童症状的换位社交团体干预游戏,并评估即时和短期维持效果。招募41名4~12岁孤独症儿童随机分为干预组和对照组,干预组接受每次1小时,共18次换位社交团体干预。采用《孤独症治疗评估量表》和《人际反应指针量表》进行评估。在团体干预后,干预组总体症状、感知/认知、健康/生理/行为,共情二维度总分和观点采择维度均发生显著改善,且短期维持效果较好。在本研究条件下,聚焦于自我-他人转换的换位社交团体干预能改善孤独症儿童总体症状和共情能力。

积极心理团体干预对高校心理委员胜任力与心理健康的提升

目的:编制积极心理团体干预方案,探究其对心理委员心理健康和胜任力的干预效果。方法:招募45名心理委员,实验组21名,对照组24名,实验组进行6次团体干预,对照组在此期间不干预。干预前后,采用优势认知与使用量表、生命意义量表、抑郁-焦虑-压力量表、主观幸福感问卷、心理委员胜任特征问卷进行测量。结果:多元重复测量方差分析结果显示,分组与时间的交互作用有统计学意义(λ=0.33,P<0.001)。简单效应分析发现,干预前,干预组和对照组之间在心理健康和心理委员胜任力上无显著差异(t=0.38~1.92,P=0.24~0.72)。干预后,与对照组相比,干预组在优势认知与使用(t=4.00,P<0.001)、生命意义感(t=3.49,P<0.001)、主观幸福感(t=2.44,P<0.05)和心理委员胜任力(t=3.08,P<0.01)上有显著提升,在抑郁-焦虑-压力上有边缘显著下降(t=-1.96,P<0.10)。优势认知与使用变化量在抑郁-焦虑-压力和主观幸福感的改善中有中介作用。结论:积极心理团体干预能通过优势认知与使用的中介作用提升高校心理委员心理健康,而对高校心理委员胜任力具有直接的提升作用。

学生体质测量、分析与干预不精准:问题与应对

为实现《“健康中国2030”规划纲要》提出的学生体质健康达标优秀率达到25%以上的目标任务,需要解决测量、分析、干预环节中存在的不精准问题。发现:测量不精准源于随国家体育制度演变而出现的“学校被自测自报数据进行评价”的机制悖论、国家制度性质导致测量指标受限、体育制度对健康新问题应对不足、测量工作缺乏多学科配合与家校共育、先进技术运用不充分等;分析不精准主要源于各级单位存在对数据分析的“顶天不立地”现象;干预不精准源于各级单位重群体干预而轻个体干预、群体干预内容与方法缺乏、个体干预的错位缺位、校内外干预的脱节互扰、缺少技术平台与稳定的技术支持等。基于对“三不精准”问题及其原因的分析,提出精准测量、精准分析与精准干预的相应对策。