There is currently great optimism within the electronics community that gallium oxide(Ga_(2)O_(3)) ultra-wide bandgap semiconductors have unprecedented prospects for eventually revolutionizing a rich variety of power ...There is currently great optimism within the electronics community that gallium oxide(Ga_(2)O_(3)) ultra-wide bandgap semiconductors have unprecedented prospects for eventually revolutionizing a rich variety of power electronic applications. Specially, benefiting from its ultra-high bandgap of around 4.8 eV, it is expected that the emerging Ga_(2)O_(3) technology would offer an exciting platform to deliver massively enhanced device performance for power electronics and even completely new applications.展开更多
Combining the 3/2 power law proposed by Toba with the significant wave energy balance equation for wind waves, wave growth in deep water for short fetch is investigated. It is found that the variations of wave height ...Combining the 3/2 power law proposed by Toba with the significant wave energy balance equation for wind waves, wave growth in deep water for short fetch is investigated. It is found that the variations of wave height and period with fetch have the form of power function with fractional exponents 3/8 and 1/4 respectively. Using these exponents in the power functions and through data fitting, the concise wind wave growth relations for short fetch are obtained.展开更多
The Dabancheng Windpower Farm in Northwest China’s Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, the largest of its kind in China, plans to increase its present generating capacity of 10 MW to 100 MW by the year 2000. Situated i...The Dabancheng Windpower Farm in Northwest China’s Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, the largest of its kind in China, plans to increase its present generating capacity of 10 MW to 100 MW by the year 2000. Situated in the vast desert to the southeast of Urumqi, capital city of Xinjiang, the farm has bountiful wind energy resources, with wind speeds as high as 38 metres per second. First built with the help of Danish Government loans in 1992, the farm now provides electricity for local people, especially those in remote areas which are not connected to a power grid. The farm is now seeking both domestic and overseas cooperation for technological improvements and expansion, according展开更多
An $ 80 million contract was clinched on March 14, 1996 for Japanese Mitsui & Co Ltd to provide generating equipment for the Qitaihe Power Plant in Northeast Heilongjiang Province. The deal was signed in Beijing b...An $ 80 million contract was clinched on March 14, 1996 for Japanese Mitsui & Co Ltd to provide generating equipment for the Qitaihe Power Plant in Northeast Heilongjiang Province. The deal was signed in Beijing by the China National Technical Import and Export Corp. (CNTIC), China Electrical Power Technology Import and Export Corp, Heilongiiang Electrical Power Corp and Mitsui. Under the contract, the Qitaihe Power Plant will import two 350 MW generating units from Mitsui, of which the generators will展开更多
According to the report of China Daily, influenced by the nuclear accidents in Japan, the expansion of China's nuclear power industry will slow from the rapid rate of the 11 th
Within the seven years’ period from 1987 to 1994. the total installed capacity of China’s electric power industry doubled from 100 GW to 200 GW. This high rate of growth has imposed new and more stringent requiremen...Within the seven years’ period from 1987 to 1994. the total installed capacity of China’s electric power industry doubled from 100 GW to 200 GW. This high rate of growth has imposed new and more stringent requirements on all the branches in the展开更多
By the use of the 3/2 power law presented by Toba combined with the significant wave energy balance equation forwind wave, wind wave growth at a limited fetch is analytically investigated. The new wind wave growth rel...By the use of the 3/2 power law presented by Toba combined with the significant wave energy balance equation forwind wave, wind wave growth at a limited fetch is analytically investigated. The new wind wave growth relations(WWGRs) are analytically derived with sheltering coefficient and wind drag coefficient as parameters. The geometricalaverage of observational values of sheltering coefficient and the arithmetic average of observational values of wind drag co-efficient are applied to determine the new WWGRs. Comparisons with existing empirical WWGRs are made.展开更多
China's energy carbon emissions are projected to peak in 2030 with approximately 110%of its 2020 level under the following conditions:1)China's gross primary energy consumption is 5 Gtce in 2020 and 6 Gtce in ...China's energy carbon emissions are projected to peak in 2030 with approximately 110%of its 2020 level under the following conditions:1)China's gross primary energy consumption is 5 Gtce in 2020 and 6 Gtce in 2030;2)coal's share of the energy consumption is 61%in 2020 and55%in 2030;3)non-fossil energy's share increases from 15%in 2020 to 20%in 2030;4)through 2030,China's GDP grows at an average annual rate of 6%;5)the annual energy consumption elasticity coefficient is 0.30 in average;and 6)the annual growth rate of energy consumption steadily reduces to within 1%.China's electricity generating capacity would be 1,990 GW,with 8,600 TW h of power generation output in 2020.Of that output 66%would be from coal,5%from gas,and 29%from non-fossil energy.By 2030,electricity generating capacity would reach3,170 GW with 11,900 TW h of power generation output.Of that output,56%would be from coal,6%from gas,and 37%from non-fossil energy.From 2020 to 2030,CO2emissions from electric power would relatively fall by 0.2 Gt due to lower coal consumption,and relatively fall by nearly 0.3 Gt with the installation of more coal-fired cogeneration units.During 2020e2030,the portion of carbon emissions from electric power in China's energy consumption is projected to increase by 3.4 percentage points.Although the carbon emissions from electric power would keep increasing to 118%of the 2020 level in 2030,the electric power industry would continue to play a decisive role in achieving the goal of increase in non-fossil energy use.This study proposes countermeasures and recommendations to control carbon emissions peak,including energy system optimization,green-coal-fired electricity generation,and demand side management.展开更多
Oral submucous fibrosis(OSF) is a potentially malignant disorder that is characterized by a progressive fibrosis in the oral submucosa. Arecoline, an alkaloid compound of the areca nut, is reported to be a major aetio...Oral submucous fibrosis(OSF) is a potentially malignant disorder that is characterized by a progressive fibrosis in the oral submucosa. Arecoline, an alkaloid compound of the areca nut, is reported to be a major aetiological factor in the development of OSF. Low-power laser irradiation(LPLI) has been reported to be beneficial in fibrosis prevention in different damaged organs.The aim of this study was to investigate the potential therapeutic effects of LPLI on arecoline-induced fibrosis. Arecolinestimulated human gingival fibroblasts(HGFs) were treated with or without LPLI. The expression levels of the fibrotic marker genes alpha-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA) and connective tissue growth factor(CTGF/CCN2) were analysed by quantitative realtime reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) and western blots. In addition, the transcriptional activity of CCN2 was further determined by a reporter assay. The results indicated that arecoline increased the messenger RNA and protein expression of CCN2 and α-SMA in HGF. Interestingly, both LPLI and forskolin, an adenylyl cyclase activator, reduced the expression of arecoline-mediated fibrotic marker genes and inhibited the transcriptional activity of CCN2. Moreover, pretreatment with SQ22536, an adenylyl cyclase inhibitor, blocked LPLI's inhibition of the expression of arecoline-mediated fibrotic marker genes. Our data suggest that LPLI may inhibit the expression of arecoline-mediated fibrotic marker genes via the c AMP signalling pathway.展开更多
This paper studies and predicts the number growth of China’s mobile users by using the power-law regression.We find that the number growth of the mobile users follows a power law.Motivated by the data on the evolutio...This paper studies and predicts the number growth of China’s mobile users by using the power-law regression.We find that the number growth of the mobile users follows a power law.Motivated by the data on the evolution of the mobile users,we consider scenarios of self-organization of accelerating growth networks into scale-free structures and propose a directed network model,in which the nodes grow following a power-law acceleration.The expressions for the transient and the stationary average degree distributions are obtained by using the Poisson process.This result shows that the model generates appropriate power-law connectivity distributions.Therefore,we find a power-law acceleration invariance of the scale-free networks.The numerical simulations of the models agree with the analytical results well.展开更多
文摘There is currently great optimism within the electronics community that gallium oxide(Ga_(2)O_(3)) ultra-wide bandgap semiconductors have unprecedented prospects for eventually revolutionizing a rich variety of power electronic applications. Specially, benefiting from its ultra-high bandgap of around 4.8 eV, it is expected that the emerging Ga_(2)O_(3) technology would offer an exciting platform to deliver massively enhanced device performance for power electronics and even completely new applications.
基金supports from the Major State Basic Research Program(No.G1999043809)the National Natural Science Foundation(No.40076003)+1 种基金the EYTP of MOE(No.200139)support by Visiting Scholar Foundation of Key Lab.in the University.
文摘Combining the 3/2 power law proposed by Toba with the significant wave energy balance equation for wind waves, wave growth in deep water for short fetch is investigated. It is found that the variations of wave height and period with fetch have the form of power function with fractional exponents 3/8 and 1/4 respectively. Using these exponents in the power functions and through data fitting, the concise wind wave growth relations for short fetch are obtained.
文摘The Dabancheng Windpower Farm in Northwest China’s Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, the largest of its kind in China, plans to increase its present generating capacity of 10 MW to 100 MW by the year 2000. Situated in the vast desert to the southeast of Urumqi, capital city of Xinjiang, the farm has bountiful wind energy resources, with wind speeds as high as 38 metres per second. First built with the help of Danish Government loans in 1992, the farm now provides electricity for local people, especially those in remote areas which are not connected to a power grid. The farm is now seeking both domestic and overseas cooperation for technological improvements and expansion, according
文摘An $ 80 million contract was clinched on March 14, 1996 for Japanese Mitsui & Co Ltd to provide generating equipment for the Qitaihe Power Plant in Northeast Heilongjiang Province. The deal was signed in Beijing by the China National Technical Import and Export Corp. (CNTIC), China Electrical Power Technology Import and Export Corp, Heilongiiang Electrical Power Corp and Mitsui. Under the contract, the Qitaihe Power Plant will import two 350 MW generating units from Mitsui, of which the generators will
文摘According to the report of China Daily, influenced by the nuclear accidents in Japan, the expansion of China's nuclear power industry will slow from the rapid rate of the 11 th
文摘Within the seven years’ period from 1987 to 1994. the total installed capacity of China’s electric power industry doubled from 100 GW to 200 GW. This high rate of growth has imposed new and more stringent requirements on all the branches in the
基金by the major state basic research program(No.G1999043809)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.40076003)the the Excellent Young Teachers Program of Ministry of Education,P.R.China(M.[2001]39)
文摘By the use of the 3/2 power law presented by Toba combined with the significant wave energy balance equation forwind wave, wind wave growth at a limited fetch is analytically investigated. The new wind wave growth relations(WWGRs) are analytically derived with sheltering coefficient and wind drag coefficient as parameters. The geometricalaverage of observational values of sheltering coefficient and the arithmetic average of observational values of wind drag co-efficient are applied to determine the new WWGRs. Comparisons with existing empirical WWGRs are made.
文摘China's energy carbon emissions are projected to peak in 2030 with approximately 110%of its 2020 level under the following conditions:1)China's gross primary energy consumption is 5 Gtce in 2020 and 6 Gtce in 2030;2)coal's share of the energy consumption is 61%in 2020 and55%in 2030;3)non-fossil energy's share increases from 15%in 2020 to 20%in 2030;4)through 2030,China's GDP grows at an average annual rate of 6%;5)the annual energy consumption elasticity coefficient is 0.30 in average;and 6)the annual growth rate of energy consumption steadily reduces to within 1%.China's electricity generating capacity would be 1,990 GW,with 8,600 TW h of power generation output in 2020.Of that output 66%would be from coal,5%from gas,and 29%from non-fossil energy.By 2030,electricity generating capacity would reach3,170 GW with 11,900 TW h of power generation output.Of that output,56%would be from coal,6%from gas,and 37%from non-fossil energy.From 2020 to 2030,CO2emissions from electric power would relatively fall by 0.2 Gt due to lower coal consumption,and relatively fall by nearly 0.3 Gt with the installation of more coal-fired cogeneration units.During 2020e2030,the portion of carbon emissions from electric power in China's energy consumption is projected to increase by 3.4 percentage points.Although the carbon emissions from electric power would keep increasing to 118%of the 2020 level in 2030,the electric power industry would continue to play a decisive role in achieving the goal of increase in non-fossil energy use.This study proposes countermeasures and recommendations to control carbon emissions peak,including energy system optimization,green-coal-fired electricity generation,and demand side management.
基金supported by the Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital(grant kmtth-102-010)the Kaohsiung Medical University in Taiwan under the grant“Aim for the Top Universities Grant”(KMU-TP103B08)
文摘Oral submucous fibrosis(OSF) is a potentially malignant disorder that is characterized by a progressive fibrosis in the oral submucosa. Arecoline, an alkaloid compound of the areca nut, is reported to be a major aetiological factor in the development of OSF. Low-power laser irradiation(LPLI) has been reported to be beneficial in fibrosis prevention in different damaged organs.The aim of this study was to investigate the potential therapeutic effects of LPLI on arecoline-induced fibrosis. Arecolinestimulated human gingival fibroblasts(HGFs) were treated with or without LPLI. The expression levels of the fibrotic marker genes alpha-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA) and connective tissue growth factor(CTGF/CCN2) were analysed by quantitative realtime reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) and western blots. In addition, the transcriptional activity of CCN2 was further determined by a reporter assay. The results indicated that arecoline increased the messenger RNA and protein expression of CCN2 and α-SMA in HGF. Interestingly, both LPLI and forskolin, an adenylyl cyclase activator, reduced the expression of arecoline-mediated fibrotic marker genes and inhibited the transcriptional activity of CCN2. Moreover, pretreatment with SQ22536, an adenylyl cyclase inhibitor, blocked LPLI's inhibition of the expression of arecoline-mediated fibrotic marker genes. Our data suggest that LPLI may inhibit the expression of arecoline-mediated fibrotic marker genes via the c AMP signalling pathway.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.70871082)the Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project,China(Grant No.S30504)
文摘This paper studies and predicts the number growth of China’s mobile users by using the power-law regression.We find that the number growth of the mobile users follows a power law.Motivated by the data on the evolution of the mobile users,we consider scenarios of self-organization of accelerating growth networks into scale-free structures and propose a directed network model,in which the nodes grow following a power-law acceleration.The expressions for the transient and the stationary average degree distributions are obtained by using the Poisson process.This result shows that the model generates appropriate power-law connectivity distributions.Therefore,we find a power-law acceleration invariance of the scale-free networks.The numerical simulations of the models agree with the analytical results well.
