Combustion characteristics of three-tube burner in growth chamber for preparation of single crystal by the Verneuil method were investigated,and the effects of nozzle structure and flow rate on the surface temperature...Combustion characteristics of three-tube burner in growth chamber for preparation of single crystal by the Verneuil method were investigated,and the effects of nozzle structure and flow rate on the surface temperature of molten cap were analyzed.The results showed that hydrogen flowed out from the nozzle diffused with inner and outer oxygen,and two flame produced in the center and near the wall of growth chamber.The surface temperature of molten cap were gradually reduced from the center outward.The temperature of molten cap decreased gradually with increasing the nozzle aperture of inner oxygen,and varied slightly with the diameter of hydrogen and outer oxygen nozzle.The temperature of molten cap decreased gradually with increasing the flow rate of inner and outer oxygen,while increased with the flow rate of hydrogen.展开更多
Tissue engineering chambers (TECs) represent a new and attractive in vivo tissue engineering model that can successfully generate mature adipose tissue. However, the newly formed adipose tissue is not able to fill the...Tissue engineering chambers (TECs) represent a new and attractive in vivo tissue engineering model that can successfully generate mature adipose tissue. However, the newly formed adipose tissue is not able to fill the volume of the chamber as expected. To investigate whether the capsule surrounding the newly formed adipose tissue limits the adipose tissue volume in the chamber, we detected fibrotic parameters two months after these chambers were implanted into rats. The results showed that the newly formed adipose tissue was surrounded by a thick layer of capsule, and the protein levels of transforming growth factor-<em>β</em>1 (TGF-<em>β</em>1), phosphorylated Smad2 (p-Smad2), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), collagen type I (COL-I) and α-smooth muscle actin (<em>α</em>-SMA) in the capsule were increased. The levels of these proteins decreased following systemic administration of P144 (a peptide inhibitor of TGF-<em>β</em>1). Furthermore, the capsule thickness was significantly reduced, and the adipose tissue volume was markedly greater when using P144. These findings indicate that capsule formation, which is mediated through a TGF-<em>β</em>1 signaling pathway, restricted the volume of the engineered adipose tissue that was formed. This study may provide a new approach to regenerate amounts of adipose tissue for the reconstruction of large soft tissue defects.展开更多
沙柳是毛乌素沙地防护林的主要灌木树种 ,模拟研究沙柳对 CO2 浓度和辐射强度的响应有利于准确有效地制定全球变化下的沙漠化防治和水土流失的战略对策。结果表明 ,沙柳的光合作用速率对 CO2 浓度的响应表现为线性关系 ,对辐射的响应表...沙柳是毛乌素沙地防护林的主要灌木树种 ,模拟研究沙柳对 CO2 浓度和辐射强度的响应有利于准确有效地制定全球变化下的沙漠化防治和水土流失的战略对策。结果表明 ,沙柳的光合作用速率对 CO2 浓度的响应表现为线性关系 ,对辐射的响应表现为对数函数关系。沙柳光合作用速率有随辐射强度增加和 /或 CO2 浓度的升高而增大的变化规律。CO2 浓度越高 ,沙柳的光合作用速率对辐射的反应越明显。同样 ,辐射越强 ,沙柳的光合作用速率对 CO2 浓度的反应越敏感。在高辐射条件下增加大气中 CO2 的“施肥效应”比低辐射条件下要显著。土壤干旱对沙柳的光合和暗呼吸都有抑制作用 ,使沙柳的生理过程受到影响 ,从而使沙柳对 CO2 浓度和辐射的反应规律不如土壤水分适宜时显著。展开更多
基金This work was supported by the Projects of National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.51872033 and No.51732007by the Project of Dalian Natural Science Foundation,No.2019J12GX044by the Project of Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province,No.2019-ZD-0572.
文摘Combustion characteristics of three-tube burner in growth chamber for preparation of single crystal by the Verneuil method were investigated,and the effects of nozzle structure and flow rate on the surface temperature of molten cap were analyzed.The results showed that hydrogen flowed out from the nozzle diffused with inner and outer oxygen,and two flame produced in the center and near the wall of growth chamber.The surface temperature of molten cap were gradually reduced from the center outward.The temperature of molten cap decreased gradually with increasing the nozzle aperture of inner oxygen,and varied slightly with the diameter of hydrogen and outer oxygen nozzle.The temperature of molten cap decreased gradually with increasing the flow rate of inner and outer oxygen,while increased with the flow rate of hydrogen.
文摘Tissue engineering chambers (TECs) represent a new and attractive in vivo tissue engineering model that can successfully generate mature adipose tissue. However, the newly formed adipose tissue is not able to fill the volume of the chamber as expected. To investigate whether the capsule surrounding the newly formed adipose tissue limits the adipose tissue volume in the chamber, we detected fibrotic parameters two months after these chambers were implanted into rats. The results showed that the newly formed adipose tissue was surrounded by a thick layer of capsule, and the protein levels of transforming growth factor-<em>β</em>1 (TGF-<em>β</em>1), phosphorylated Smad2 (p-Smad2), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), collagen type I (COL-I) and α-smooth muscle actin (<em>α</em>-SMA) in the capsule were increased. The levels of these proteins decreased following systemic administration of P144 (a peptide inhibitor of TGF-<em>β</em>1). Furthermore, the capsule thickness was significantly reduced, and the adipose tissue volume was markedly greater when using P144. These findings indicate that capsule formation, which is mediated through a TGF-<em>β</em>1 signaling pathway, restricted the volume of the engineered adipose tissue that was formed. This study may provide a new approach to regenerate amounts of adipose tissue for the reconstruction of large soft tissue defects.
文摘沙柳是毛乌素沙地防护林的主要灌木树种 ,模拟研究沙柳对 CO2 浓度和辐射强度的响应有利于准确有效地制定全球变化下的沙漠化防治和水土流失的战略对策。结果表明 ,沙柳的光合作用速率对 CO2 浓度的响应表现为线性关系 ,对辐射的响应表现为对数函数关系。沙柳光合作用速率有随辐射强度增加和 /或 CO2 浓度的升高而增大的变化规律。CO2 浓度越高 ,沙柳的光合作用速率对辐射的反应越明显。同样 ,辐射越强 ,沙柳的光合作用速率对 CO2 浓度的反应越敏感。在高辐射条件下增加大气中 CO2 的“施肥效应”比低辐射条件下要显著。土壤干旱对沙柳的光合和暗呼吸都有抑制作用 ,使沙柳的生理过程受到影响 ,从而使沙柳对 CO2 浓度和辐射的反应规律不如土壤水分适宜时显著。
