Expression of c-erbB-2 oncogene protein, epidermal growth factor receptor, and TGF-β1 in human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

Objective: To detect the relations of c-erbB-2 onco-gene protein, epidermal growth factor receptor (EG-FR) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)to the progression or metastasis of pancreatic carci-noma.Methods: Using streptavidinbiotin complex (SABC)method, c-erbB-2 oncongene protein, we examinedimmunohistochemically EGFR and TGF-β1 expres-sions in wax-tissue sections from 10 individuals withnormal pancreas (NP), 13 patients with chronic pan-creatitis (CP) and 36 patients with pancreatic ductaladenocarcinoma (PC).Results: The positive expression rates of c-cerbB-2oncogene protein, EGFR and TGF-β1 in the NP, CPand PC groups were 0, 0, 10%; 7.7%, 7.7%,7.7%; and 41.7%, 50.0%, 44.4%, respectively.The positive expression rates of the three specific pro-teins increased more significantly in the PC groupthan in the NP and CP groups (P【0.05). The indi-vidual expression of c-erbB-2, EGFR and TGF-β1was not related to the age and sex of the patients aswell as the site, size and histopathological grade oftumors (P】0.05), but to the clinical stage of tumors(P【0.01). The coexpression rate of the three pro-teins was 27.8 % (10/36). This coexpression in thePC group was correlated with the histopathologicalgrades and clinical stages of tumors (P【0.01).Conclusion: Detection of c-erbB-2 oncogene protein,EGFR, and TGF-β1 expressions in pancreatic tissueis helpful to judge the malignancy, progression, andmetastasis of PC.

Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-7 induces activation and transdifferentiation of hepatic stellate cells in vitro

AIM:To investigate the role of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-7 (IGFBP-7) in the activation and transdifferentiation of hepatic stellate cells (HSC) in vitro.METHODS:Rat HSC-T6 cells were cultured in separate dishes and treated with various concentration of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1,IGFBP-7 or antiIGFBP-7 antibody for 24 h.The supernatant or a cytoplasm suspension was obtained from cultured HSC,followed by transfer of cells to form cell-coated dishes.Immunocytochemistry and Western blotting were used to analyze the expression of IGFBP-7 induced by TGF-β1 and the level of fibronectin,collagen and α-smooth muscle actin (SMA).The pro-apoptotic effect of antiIGFBP-7 antibody was determined by flow cytometry.RESULTS:Immunocytochemistry and Western blotting revealed that the expression of IGFBP-7 in TGF-β1 treated HSC was significantly up-regulated compared to that in the control group.In addition,fibronectin,collagen and α-SMA also showed enhanced expression in accordance with the transdifferentiation process in a dose-dependent manner to some extent.Moreover,flow cytometry suggested that anti-IGFBP-7 antibody induced apoptosis of activated HSC,which is responsible for the development of liver fibrosis,and may represent a novel pathway and target for therapeutic intervention.CONCLUSION:IGFBP-7 showed increased expression in activated HSC and played an important role in the activation and transdifferentiation process of HSC.AntiIGFBP-7 antibody may ameliorate liver fibrogenesis.

A型肉毒毒素防治额部外伤瘢痕的美学效果及对血清TGF-β_(1)、BMP-7水平的影响

目的:探讨A型肉毒毒素防治额部外伤瘢痕的美学效果及对血清TGF-β_(1)、BMP-7水平的影响。方法:选取2020年7月-2022年10月笔者医院收治的84例额部外伤患者为研究对象,按随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,各42例。对照组采用清创美容缝合联合外用硅凝胶制剂防治瘢痕;观察组采用美容缝合拆线后伤口两侧注射A型肉毒毒素防治瘢痕。拆线后3个月,统计比较两组瘢痕临床防治有效率、瘢痕评分[温哥华瘢痕量表(Vancouver scar scale,VSS)]、瘢痕疼痛或瘙痒程度评分[视觉模拟评分法(Visual analogue scale,VAS)]、患者满意度、血清转化生长因子β_(1)(Transforming growth factor-β_(1),TGF-β_(1))和骨成型蛋白7(Recombinant bone morphogenetic protein 7,BMP-7)水平及不良反应。结果:观察组VSS评分、瘢痕疼痛或瘙痒程度VAS评分低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组瘢痕临床防治有效率为90.47%,高于对照组的69.04%(P<0.05);观察组患者满意度高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组TGF-β_(1)水平低于对照组,BMP-7水平高于对照组(P<0.05);两组均未发生严重不良反应。结论:额部软组织外伤患者美容缝合拆线后伤口两侧注射A型肉毒毒素可抑制瘢痕形成,有效提升瘢痕防治有效率及患者满意度,其临床效果可能与调控血清TGF-β_(1)和BMP-7水平有关,且安全性较高,具有一定的临床应用价值。

Correlation of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 expression with clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis in gastric cancer

AIM:To investigate human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2) gene amplification and protein expression in Chinese patients with resectable gastric cancer and the association with clinicopathological characteristics and survival.METHODS:One hundred and ninety-seven gastric cancer patients who underwent curative surgery procedures were enrolled into this study.HER2 gene amplification and protein expression were examined using fluorescence in-situ hybridization(FISH) and immunohistochemistry(IHC) analysis on formalin-fixed paraffinembedded gastric cancer samples from all patients.For scoring,Hofmann's HER2 gastric cancer scoring system was adopted.All cases showing IHC3+ or FISH positiv-ity were defined as HER2 positive.Patient clinicopathological data and survival information were collected.Finally,χ 2 statistical analysis was performed to analyze the HER2 positivity rate amongst the subgroups with different clinicopathological characteristics including;gender,age,tumor location,Lauren classification,differentiation,TNM staging,depth of invasion,lymph node metastases and distant metastasis.The probability of survival for different subgroups with different clinicopathological characteristics was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method and survival curves plotted using log rank inspection.RESULTS:According to Hofmann's HER2 gastric cancer scoring criteria,31 cases(15.74%) were identified as HER2 gene amplified and 19 cases(9.64%) were scored as strongly positive for HER2 membrane staining(3+),25 cases(12.69%) were moderately positive(2+) and 153 cases(77.66%) were HER2 negative(0/1+).The concordance rate between IHC and FISH analyses was 88.83%(175/197).Thirty-six cases were defined as positive for HER2 gene amplification and/or protein expression,with 24 of these cases being eligible for Herceptin treatment according to United States recommendations,and 29 of these cases eligible according to EU recommendations.Highly consistent results were detected between IHC3+,IHC0/1 and FISH(73.68% and 95.42%),but low consistency was observed between IHC2+ and FISH(40.00%).The positivity rates in intestinal type and well-differentiated gastric cancer were higher than those in diffuse/mixed type and poorly-differentiated gastric cancer respectively(28.57% vs 13.43%,P = 0.0103;37.25% vs 11.64%,P < 0.0001),but were not correlated with gender,age,tumor location or TNM stage,depth of invasion,lymph node metastases and distant metastasis.In poorly-differentiated gastric cancer patients,those without lymph node metastasis showed a higher HER2 positivity rate than those with lymph node metastasis(26.47% vs 7.14%,P = 0.0021).This association was not present in thosepatients with well-differentiated gastric cancer(28.57% vs 43.33%,P = 0.2832).Within our patient cohort,26 cases were lost to follow-up.The median survival time for the remaining 171 patients was 18 mo.The median survival times of the HER2 positive and negative groups were 17 and 18.5 mo respectively.Overall survival was not significantly different between HER2-positive and negative groups(χ 2 = 0.9157,P = 0.3386),but in patients presenting well-differentiated tumors,the overall survival of the HER2-positive group was significantly worse than that of the HER2-negative group(P = 0.0123).In contrast,patients with poorly differentiated and diffuse/mixed subtype gastric cancers showed no significant differences in overall survival associated with HER2.Furthermore,the median survival time of the HER2 positive group did not show any statistically significant differences when compared to the subgroups of gender,age,tumor location,TNM classification,lymph node metastases and distant metastasis.CONCLUSION:Patients with intestinal type gastric cancer(GC),well-differentiated GC and poorly-differentiated GC without lymph node metastasis,may all represent suitable candidates for targeted therapy using Herceptin.

基于心功能及IGFBP7、sST2、CGRP、ET分析沙库巴曲缬沙坦在治疗冠心病合并慢性心力衰竭中的应用效果

目的 分析冠心病(CHD)合并慢性心力衰竭(CHF)患者应用沙库巴曲缬沙坦治疗的效果。方法 选择2020年1月至2023年1月邯郸市第四医院收治的86例CHD合并CHF患者,以随机数字表法将其分为对照组和试验组各43例。两组CHD治疗均应用硝酸酯类、他汀类及抗血小板药物,对照组CHF治疗应用坎地沙坦酯片、醛固酮受体拮抗剂及β受体阻滞剂,试验组治疗则将对照组中的坎地沙坦酯片替换为沙库巴曲缬沙坦钠片。比较两组疗效、不良反应、心功能指标[左室短轴缩短率(LVFS)、左室射血分数(LVEF)、6min步行距离(6 MWD)]、心室重构指标[Ⅲ型胶原前肽(PⅢP)、层粘蛋白(LN)、基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)]、心肌损伤和血管内皮功能相关指标[胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白7(IGFBP7)、可溶性生长刺激表达基因2(sST2)、降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)、内皮素(ET)]。结果与对照组比,试验组治疗3个月后的总有效率更高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组治疗3个月后的LVFS、LVEF、6 MWD、IGFBP7、CGRP与治疗前比升高,且试验组与对照组比更高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);PⅢP、LN、MMP-9、sST2、ET降低,试验组与对照组比更低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组不良反应总发生率对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 沙库巴曲缬沙坦可有效调节CHD合并CHF患者IGFBP7、sST2、CGRP、ET,改善血管内皮功能、心肌损伤、心室重构及心功能,进而可提高疗效,且具有良好的安全性。

Epidermal growth factor receptor and K-Ras in non-small cell lung cancer-molecular pathways involved and targeted therapies

Lung cancer is currently the leading cause of cancer death in Western nations.Non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)represents 80%of all lung cancers,and adenocarcinoma is the predominant histological type.Despite the intensive research carried out on this field and therapeutic advances,the overall prognosis of these patients remains unsatisfactory,with a 5-year overall survival rate of less than 15%.Nowadays,pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics represent the key to successful treatment.Recent studies suggest the existence of two distinct molecular pathways in the carcinogenesis of lung adenocarcinoma:one associated with smoking and activation of the K-Ras oncogene and the other not associated with smoking and activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR).The K-ras mutation is mainly responsible for primary resistance to new molecules which inhibit tyrosine kinase EGFR(erlotinib and gefitinib)and most of the EGFR mutations are responsible for increased tumor sensitivity to these drugs.This article aims to conduct a systematic review of the literature regarding the molecular pathways involving the EGFR,K-Ras and EGFR targeted therapies in NSCLC tumor behavior.

Transforming growth factor-β and toll-like receptor-4 polymorphisms are not associated with fibrosis in haemochromatosis

AIM:To investigate the role of genetic polymorphisms in the progression of hepatic fibrosis in hereditary haemochromatosis.METHODS:A cohort of 245 well-characterised C282Y homozygous patients with haemochromatosis was studied,with all subjects having liver biopsy data and DNA available for testing.This study assessed the association of eight single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)in a total of six genes including toll-like receptor 4(TLR4),transforming growth factor-beta(TGF-β),oxoguanine DNA glycosylase,monocyte chemoattractant protein 1,chemokine C-C motif receptor 2 and interleukin-10 with liver disease severity.Genotyping was performed using high resolution melt analysis and sequencing.The results were analysed in relation to the stage of hepatic fibrosis in multivariate analysis incorporating other cofactors including alcohol consumption and hepatic iron concentration.RESULTS:There were significant associations between the cofactors of male gender(P=0.0001),increasing age(P=0.006),alcohol consumption(P=0.0001),steatosis(P=0.03),hepatic iron concentration(P<0.0001)and the presence of hepatic fibrosis.Of the candidate gene polymorphisms studied,none showed a significant association with hepatic fibrosis in univariate or multivariate analysis incorporating cofactors.We also specifically studied patients with hepatic iron loading above threshold levels for cirrhosis and compared the genetic polymorphisms between those with no fibrosis vs cirrhosis however there was no significant effect from any of the candidate genes studied.Importantly,in this large,well characterised cohort of patients there was no association between SNPs for TGF-βor TLR4and the presence of fibrosis,cirrhosis or increasing fibrosis stage in multivariate analysis.CONCLUSION:In our large,well characterised group of haemochromatosis subjects we did not demonstrate any relationship between candidate gene polymorphisms and hepatic fibrosis or cirrhosis.

基于EGFR/MAPK/ERK信号通路探讨鳖甲煎丸对MHCC-97H肝癌细胞皮下瘤的抑瘤作用

目的基于表皮生长因子受体(epidermal growth factior receptor,EGFR)/丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(mitogen-activated protein kinase,MAPK)/细胞外信号调节激酶(extracellular signal-regulated kinase,ERK)信号通路探究鳖甲煎丸对MHCC-97H肝癌细胞皮下瘤的抑瘤作用及作用机制。方法选取30只雄性BLAB/c裸鼠,建立MHCC-97H肝癌细胞皮下瘤模型。造模成功后随机分为模型组,鳖甲煎丸低、中、高剂量组(0.55、1.1、2.2 g/kg),西药组(乐伐替尼4 mg/kg+吉非替尼80 mg/kg),每组6只。鳖甲煎丸低、中、高剂量组灌胃2次/d,西药组每周灌胃5 d,模型组予以等量生理盐水2次/d灌胃,每组连续干预2周。观察大鼠一般情况;计算各组大鼠抑瘤率;HE染色观察病理形态学变化;RT-qPCR检测瘤体组织中EGFR、丝裂原活化蛋白质激酶激酶(mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase,MEK)、ERK1、ERK2 mRNA表达水平;Western blot检测EGFR、磷酸化的EGFR(p-EGFR)、MEK、磷酸化的MEK(p-MEK)、ERK1、ERK2、磷酸化的ERK1/2(p-ERK1/2)、基质金属蛋白酶-1(matrix metalloproteinase-1,MMP-1)、细胞周期蛋白D1(cell cycle protein D1,Cyclin D1)、神经型钙黏附蛋白(N-cadherin)、上皮型钙黏附蛋白(E-cadherin)相对表达水平。结果与模型组比较,鳖甲煎丸低、中、高剂量组及西药组精神、反应、进食饮水等情况均明显改善。与第0天比较,各组第14天体质量明显降低(P<0.01)。与模型组、鳖甲煎丸低剂量组比较,鳖甲煎丸中、高剂量组和西药组瘤体质量减轻(P<0.05,P<0.01)。鳖甲煎丸低、中、高剂量组和西药组抑瘤率分别为20%、47.73%、55.91%、75.45%。与模型组比较,鳖甲煎丸低、中、高剂量组及西药组肿瘤细胞排列疏松,边界模糊,细胞核固缩、破裂,其中西药组最明显。与模型组比较,鳖甲煎丸低、中、高剂量组和西药组EGFR、MEK、ERK1、ERK2 mRNA表达水平明显下降(P<0.01);与鳖甲煎丸低剂量组比较,鳖甲煎丸高剂量组和西药组EGFR、MEK、ERK1、ERK2 mRNA表达水平显著降低(P<0.01),鳖甲煎丸中剂量组ERK1 mRNA表达水平显著降低(P<0.01);与鳖甲煎丸中剂量组比较,西药组EGFR、ERK2 mRNA表达水平降低(P<0.05,P<0.01)。与模型组比较,鳖甲煎丸中、高剂量组和西药组p-EGFR/EGFR、p-MEK/MEK、p-ERK1/ERK1、p-ERK2/ERK2、MMP-1、Cyclin D1、N-cadherin蛋白相对表达水平下降(P<0.05,P<0.01),E-cadherin蛋白相对表达水平明显升高(P<0.01)。与鳖甲煎丸高剂量组比较,西药组p-EGFR/EGFR、p-ERK1/ERK1、MMP-1、Cyclin D1、N-cadherin蛋白相对表达水平明显下降(P<0.01),E-cadherin蛋白相对表达水平升高(P<0.05)。结论鳖甲煎丸可能通过抑制EGFR/MAPK/ERK信号通路激活,从而下调MMP-1、Cyclin D1、N-cadherin蛋白,上调E-cadherin蛋白表达,进而对MHCC-97H肝癌细胞皮下瘤产生显著的抑制作用。

lncRNA AC092718.4对HER2阳性乳腺癌耐药性的影响及其可能机制

目的探讨长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)AC092718.4对人类表皮生长因子受体2(HER2)阳性乳腺癌耐药性的影响及其可能机制。方法(1)获取曲妥珠单抗非耐药及耐药HER2阳性乳腺癌患者的乳腺癌组织(设为非耐药组、耐药组),检测其lncRNA AC092718.4、miR-135a-5p、S100钙结合蛋白P(S100P)mRNA和蛋白的表达水平。(2)以对曲妥珠单抗不敏感的HER2阳性乳腺癌细胞系MDA-MB-361细胞作为原发耐药细胞模型,以乳腺癌细胞株BT-474细胞为亲本,构建对曲妥珠单抗继发耐药的细胞模型(BT-474/TRA细胞)。检测3种细胞中lncRNA AC092718.4、miR-135a-5p、S100P mRNA和蛋白的表达水平。经同一浓度曲妥珠单抗干预48 h后,检测3种细胞的活力。(3)取MDA-MB-361细胞分为sh-AC092718.4组、sh-NC组、对照组进行实验,其中sh-AC092718.4组细胞和sh-NC组分别转染sh-AC092718.4和sh-NC,对照组细胞未经任何处理。经同一浓度曲妥珠单抗干预48 h后,检测3组细胞的活力。(4)采用starBase和TargetScan分别预测lncRNA AC092718.4和miR-135a-5p的潜在靶标。通过双荧光素酶报告基因实验验证lncRNA AC092718.4与miR-135a-5p之间、miR-135a-5p与S100P之间的靶向结合情况。结果(1)与非耐药组相比,耐药组lncRNA AC092718.4、S100P mRNA、S100P蛋白表达水平升高,miR-135a-5p表达水平降低(P<0.05)。(2)与BT-474细胞相比,BT-474/TRA细胞及MDA-MB-361细胞的lncRNA AC092718.4、S100P mRNA、S100P蛋白表达水平升高,miR-135a-5p表达水平降低,曲妥珠单抗干预48 h后的细胞活力更大(P<0.05)。(3)与对照组和sh-NC组比较,sh-AC092718.4组MDA-MB-361细胞活力降低(P<0.05)。(4)starBase预测结果显示,lncRNA AC092718.4与miR-135a-5p有靶向结合位点;TargetScan预测结果显示,miR-135a-5p与S100P有靶向结合位点。荧光素酶报告基因实验结果提示,lncRNA AC092718.4可与miR-135a-5p直接结合,S100P是miR-135a-5p的靶基因。结论LncRNA AC092718.4促进乳腺癌细胞对曲妥珠单抗产生耐药性,下调lncRNA AC092718.4表达可减轻MDA-MB-361细胞对曲妥珠单抗的耐药性,其机制可能涉及lncRNA AC092718.4作为竞争性内源RNA竞争性结合miR-135a-5p,从而上调S100P的表达。

重度烧伤患者入院时尿[TIMP-2]×[IGFBP7]水平与早期肾损伤的关系

目的 探讨重度烧伤患者入院时尿组织金属蛋白酶抑制剂-2[TIMP-2]×胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白7[IGFBP7]水平与早期肾损伤的关系。方法 选取2018年11月—2022年6月本院收治的77例重度烧伤患者设为重度组、77例轻中度烧伤患者设为轻中度组,另选取同期77例体检正常者为正常组。比较3组尿[TIMP-2]×[IGFBP7]水平及血清胱抑素C(CysC)水平。根据重度烧伤患者在住院期间是否发生肾早期损伤分为非肾损伤组(45例)和肾损伤组(32例),比较非肾损伤组、肾损伤组重度烧伤患者尿[TIMP-2]×[IGFBP7]水平及血清CysC水平。分析入院时尿[TIMP-2]×[IGFBP7]、血清CysC对重度烧伤患者并发肾损伤的预测价值。结果 重度组烧伤患者尿[TIMP-2]×[IGFBP7]水平及血清CysC水平高于正常组、轻中度组(P<0.05),轻中度组烧伤患者尿[TIMP-2]×[IGFBP7]水平及血清CysC水平高于正常组(P<0.05)。肾损伤组重度烧伤患者尿[TIMP-2]×[IGFBP7]、血清CysC水平高于非肾损伤组(P<0.05)。入院时尿[TIMP-2]×[IGFBP7]、血清CysC预测重度烧伤患者并发肾损伤的AUC分别为0.873、0.699,截断值分别为1.06 [(ng/mL)^(2)/1000]、5.52 mmol/L,灵敏度分别为84.4%、59.4%,特异度分别为89.9%,73.3%。结论 发生早期肾损伤的重度烧伤患者入院时尿[TIMP-2]×[IGFBP7]水平及血清CysC水平较高,[TIMP-2]×[IGFBP7]水平或可成为预测重度烧伤患者并发肾损伤的潜在指标,为临床评估重度烧伤并发肾损伤提供参考。

胃癌患者病灶组织CK7、HER2、MLH1、MSH2及MSH6的表达变化研究

目的:探究胃癌患者病灶组织角蛋白7(CK7)、人表皮生长因子受体-2(HER2)、错配修复蛋白MutL同源物1(MLH1)、错配修复蛋白MutS同源物2(MSH2)及错配修复蛋白MutS同源物6(MSH6)的表达变化情况。方法:选取2020年2月—2023年1月苏州市相城人民医院收治的120例胃癌患者为研究对象,比较病灶组织及癌旁组织的CK7、HER2、MLH1、MSH2及MSH6的表达情况,并比较不同性别、年龄、TNM分期、分化程度、淋巴结转移情况及病灶位置者的病灶组织CK7、HER2、MLH1、MSH2及MSH6表达情况。结果:胃癌患者病灶组织CK7、HER2阳性率及MLH1、MSH2、MSH6表达缺失率显著高于癌旁组织,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同性别、年龄及病灶位置病灶组织的CK7、HER2、MLH1、MSH2及MSH6表达比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);Ⅲ期、Ⅳ期病灶组织CK7、HER2阳性率高于Ⅰ期、Ⅱ期,MLH1、MSH2、MSH6表达缺失率均显著低于Ⅰ期、Ⅱ期,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。分化程度较低者病灶组织的CK7、HER2阳性率显著高于分化程度较高者,MLH1、MSH2及MSH6表达缺失率显著低于于分化程度较高者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。有淋巴结转移者CK7、HER2阳性率显著高于无淋巴结转移者,MLH1、MSH2及MSH6表达缺失率显著低于无淋巴结转移者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:胃癌患者病灶组织的CK7、HER2、MLH1、MSH2及MSH6的表达相对异常,且不同TNM分期、分化程度及淋巴结转移情况者的差异较大。

Association of hepatocyte-derived growth factor receptor/caudal type homeobox 2 co-expression with mucosal regeneration in active ulcerative colitis

AIM:To characterize the regeneration-associated stem cell-related phenotype of hepatocyte-derived growth factor receptor(HGFR)-expressing cells in active ulcerative colitis(UC).METHODS:On the whole 38 peripheral blood samples and 38 colonic biopsy samples from 18 patients with histologically proven active UC and 20 healthy control subjects were collected.After preparing tissue microarrays and blood smears HGFR,caudal type homeobox 2(CDX2),prominin-1(CD133) and Musashi-1conventional and double fluorescent immunolabelings were performed.Immunostained samples were digitalized using high-resolution Mirax Desk instrument,and analyzed with the Mirax TMA Module software.For semiquantitative counting of immunopositive lamina propria(LP) cells 5 fields of view were counted at magnification x 200 in each sample core,then mean ± SD were determined.In case of peripheral blood smears,30 fields of view with 100 μm diameter were evaluated in every sample and the number of immunopositive cells(mean ± SD) was determined.Using 337 nm UVA Laser MicroDissection system at least 5000 subepithelial cells from the lamina propria were collected.Gene expression analysis of HGFR,CDX2,CD133,leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein coupled receptor 5(Lgr5),Musashi-1 and cytokeratin20(CK20) were performed in both laser-microdisscted samples and blood samples by using real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).RESULTS:By performing conventional and double fluorescent immunolabelings confirmed by RT-PCR,higher number of HGFR(blood:6.7 ± 1.22 vs 38.5 ±3.18;LP:2.25 ± 0.85 vs 9.22 ± 0.65;P < 0.05),CDX2(blood:0 vs 0.94 ± 0.64;LP:0.75 ± 0.55 vs 2.11± 0.75;P < 0.05),CD133(blood:1.1 ± 0.72 vs 8.3± 1.08;LP:11.1 ± 0.85 vs 26.28 ± 1.71;P < 0.05)and Musashi-1(blood and LP:0 vs scattered) positive cells were detected in blood and lamina propria of UC samples as compared to controls.HGFR/CDX2(blood:0 vs 1± 0.59;LP:0.8 ± 0.69 vs 2.06 ± 0.72,P < 0.05)and Musashi-1/CDX2(blood and LP:0 vs scattered) coexpressions were found in blood and lamina propria of UC samples.HGFR/CD133 and CD133/CDX2 coexpressions appeared only in UC lamina propria samples.CDX2,Lgr5 and Musashi-1 expressions in UC blood samples were not accompanied by CK20 mRNA expression.CONCLUSION:In active UC,a portion of circulating HGFR-expressing cells are committed to the epithelial lineage,and may participate in mucosal regeneration by undergoing mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition.

Knockdown of HE4 suppresses tumor growth and invasiveness in lung adenocarcinoma through regulation of EGFR signaling

It has been shown that the high expression of human epididymis protein 4(HE4)in most lung cancers is related to the poor prognosis of patients,but the mechanism of pathological transformation of HE4 in lung cancer is still unclear.The current study is expected to clarify the function and mechanism of HE4 in the occurrence and metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma(LUAD).Immunoblotting evaluated HE4 expression in lung cancer cell lines and biopsies,and through analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)dataset.Frequent HE4 overexpression was demonstrated in LUAD,but not in lung squamous cell carcinoma(LUSC),indicating that HE4 can serve as a biomarker to distinguish between LUAD and LUSC.HE4 knockdown significantly inhibited cell growth,colony formation,wound healing,and invasion,and blocked the G1-phase of the cell cycle in LUAD cell lines through inactivation of the EGFR signaling downstream including PI3K/AKT/mTOR and RAF/MAPK pathways.The first-line EGFR inhibitor gefitinib and HE4 shRNA had no synergistic inhibitory effect on the growth of lung adenocarcinoma cells,while the third-line EGFR inhibitor osimertinib showed additive anti-proliferative effects.Moreover,we provided evidence that HE4 regulated EGFR expression by transcription regulation and protein interaction in LUAD.Our findings suggest that HE4 positively modulates the EGFR signaling pathway to promote growth and invasiveness in LUAD and highlight that targeting HE4 could be a novel strategy for LUAD treatment.

帕立骨化醇对肾性骨病大鼠骨代谢及TGF-β/BMP-7/Smad通路的影响

目的:探讨帕立骨化醇对肾性骨病(ROD)大鼠骨代谢及转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)/骨形态发生蛋白-7(BMP-7)/Smad通路的影响。方法:将90只大鼠随机分为6组:对照组、模型组、帕立骨化醇低剂量(0.2μg/kg)组、帕立骨化醇中剂量(0.4μg/kg)组、帕立骨化醇高剂量(0.8μg/kg)组、骨化三醇(10μg/kg)组,每组15只,对照组大鼠以普通饲料喂养,其余各组大鼠用含有腺嘌呤的饲料喂养,诱导建立ROD模型。分组进行药物治疗后,测定各组大鼠肾功能指标血尿素氮(BUN)与血肌酐(Scr)水平、血钙与血磷水平、股骨骨密度(BMD)、股骨生物力学指标最大载荷、弹性模量与屈服载荷、血清炎症因子IL-6、IL-17水平;采用蛋白免疫印迹法检测骨组织TGF-β/BMP-7/Smad通路蛋白表达情况。再次取45只大鼠随机分为3组:帕立骨化醇(0.8μg/kg)组、TGF-β抑制(LY2157299,150 mg/kg)组、帕立骨化醇(0.8μg/kg)+TGF-β抑制(LY2157299,150 mg/kg)组,每组15只,同样方法建立ROD模型。分组以药物治疗后,测定各组大鼠肾功能指标与股骨生物力学指标水平。结果:与对照组比较,模型组大鼠血钙水平、BMD、弹性模量、最大载荷、屈服载荷、骨组织TGF-β/BMP-7/Smad通路蛋白TGF-β及BMP-7表达、p-Smad3/Smad3显著降低(P<0.05),BUN与Scr水平、血磷水平、血清IL-6与IL-17水平显著升高(P<0.05)。与模型组比较,帕立骨化醇低、中、高剂量组和骨化三醇组大鼠血钙水平、BMD、弹性模量、最大载荷、屈服载荷、骨组织TGF-β/BMP-7/Smad通路蛋白TGF-β及BMP-7表达、p-Smad3/Smad3均升高,BUN与Scr水平、血磷水平、血清IL-6与IL-17水平均降低,且帕立骨化醇各组之间呈剂量依赖性(P<0.05),帕立骨化醇高剂量组和骨化三醇组比较,大鼠各指标差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与帕立骨化醇+TGF-β抑制组比较,帕立骨化醇组大鼠肾功能指标BUN、Scr与血磷水平降低(P<0.05),血钙水平、BMD、弹性模量、最大载荷、屈服载荷升高(P<0.05);TGF-β抑制组大鼠肾功能指标BUN、Scr与血磷水平升高(P<0.05),血钙水平、BMD、弹性模量、最大载荷、屈服载荷降低(P<0.05)。结论:帕立骨化醇可通过激活TGF-β/BMP-7/Smad信号通路抑制炎症反应,改善ROD大鼠肾功能及骨代谢异常,降低血磷水平,提高血钙水平及骨密度,修复骨生物力学,改善骨病症状。

精神分裂症患者血清P2X7R和CTGF水平表达与临床症状评分及认知功能的相关性研究

目的探究血清嘌呤能离子通道型受体7(purinergic ligand-gated ion channel 7 receptor,P2X7R)、结缔组织生长因子(connective tissue growth factor,CTGF)表达与精神分裂症患者认知功能、临床症状的相关性。方法选取2021年1月~2023年1月在武汉市武东医院精神重症一科诊治的160例精神分裂症患者作为观察组,及同期160例健康体检志愿者作为对照组进行研究。根据阳性和阴性症状量表(positive and negative syndrome scale,PANSS)对患者精神临床症状(阳性和阴性症状、一般病理症状、附加症状)进行评估,将患者分为高分组(PANSS总分≥70分,n=72)和低分组(PANSS总分<70分,n=88)。利用精神分裂症认知功能成套测验共识版(MATRICS consensus cognitive battery,MCCB)评估患者认知能力;采用酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)法检测血清P2X7R和CTGF水平;Spearman法分析精神分裂症患者血清P2X7R和CTGF水平与PANSS各项评分、MCCB各项评分的相关性。结果与对照组相比,观察组血清P2X7R(610.71±107.83ng/L vs 384.78±80.62ng/L),CTGF水平(1.85±0.36μg/L vs 1.40±0.21μg/L)升高,差异有统计学意义(t=21.226,13.658,P<0.05);观察组精神分裂症患者MCBB各项评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=14.845~24.862,均P<0.05);高分组精神分裂症患者阳性症状评分(21.10±3.42分)、阴性症状评分(23.37±5.03分)、一般病理症状评分(39.48±8.11分)、附加症状评分(8.26±1.22分)和PANSS总分(92.21±12.50分)均高于低分组(13.65±3.04分,15.62±3.91分,30.14±6.15分,5.20±0.94分,64.61±5.30分),差异有统计学意义(t=14.576,10.964,8.280,17.915,18.764,均P<0.05);高分组精神分裂症患者血清P2X7R,CTGF水平高于低分组,差异有统计学意义(t=12.233,5.923,均P<0.05);精神分裂症患者血清P2X7R,CTGF水平与PANSS各项评分均呈正相关(r=0.464~0.580,均P<0.05),与MCCB各项评分均呈负相关(r=-0.603~-0.439,均P<0.05)。结论精神分裂症患者血清P2X7R和CTGF水平升高,与患者临床症状和认知功能密切相关。

血清penKid、IGFBP7对重度烧伤患者急性肾损伤的预测价值

目的研究重度烧伤患者血清脑啡肽原A 119-159(penKid)、胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白7(IGFBP7)水平及对急性肾损伤(AKI)的预测价值。方法选取2019年4月—2022年4月长治医学院附属和平医院急诊科收治重度烧伤患者98例为烧伤组,根据是否发生AKI分为AKI亚组(n=30)与非AKI亚组(n=68),以医院同期体检的健康人60例为健康对照组。采用酶联免疫吸附实验检测患者伤后24 h内血清penKid、IGFBP7水平;多因素Logistic回归分析重度烧伤患者AKI发生的影响因素;受试者工作特征曲线评价血清penKid、IGFBP7及二者联合预测重度烧伤患者AKI发生的价值。结果烧伤组血清penKid、IGFBP7水平均高于健康对照组(t/P=36.873/<0.001、35.841/<0.001)。AKI亚组入院24 h内急性生理学与慢性健康状况评价Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)评分、序贯器官衰竭(SOFA)评分、血肌酐、penKid、IGFBP7均高于非AKI亚组(t/P=4.405/<0.001、14.070/<0.001、12.055/<0.001、8.939/<0.001、7.827/<0.001)。随着重度烧伤患者AKI分期升高,血清penKid、IGFBP7依次升高(F/P=11.922/<0.001、17.381/<0.001)。SOFA评分、APACHEⅡ评分、血肌酐、血清penKid、IGFBP7升高是影响重度烧伤患者AKI发生的独立危险因素[OR(95%CI)=1.605(1.168~2.205)、1.765(1.233~2.526)、1.859(1.317~2.625)、1.602(1.268~2.022)、1.594(1.252~2.028)]。血清penKid、IGFBP7及二者联合预测重度烧伤发生AKI的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.804、0.840、0.890,二者联合预测重度烧伤患者的AUC高于单项检测(Z=4.348、3.847,P均<0.001)。结论重度烧伤患者血清penKid、IGFBP7水平升高是影响AKI发生的独立影响因素,二者联合对重度烧伤患者AKI的发生具有较高的预测价值。

IGFBP7和CaN异常表达预测射血保留型心力衰竭合并心房颤动患者左心房纤维化程度和形变功能的研究

目的探究胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白7(IGFBP7)和钙调神经磷酸酶(CaN)异常表达对射血保留型心力衰竭(HFpEF)合并心房颤动(AF)患者左心房纤维化程度和形变功能的预测价值。方法选取邢台市中心医院收治的HFpEF患者180例,根据是否合并AF分为单纯HFpEF组(n=94)及合并组(n=86),同时选取同期健康体检人群为对照组(n=80)。比较三组受试者左心房纤维化程度和形变功能、IGFBP7及CaN水平,并采用多元logistic回归分析影响HFpEF合并AF的危险因素,Spearman相关性分析血清IGFBP7和CaN水平与左心房纤维化程度和形变功能的相关性,受试者工作特征曲线(ROC曲线)分析IGFBP7和CaN水平对HFpEF合并AF的预测价值。结果HFpEF患者左心房收缩期整体峰值纵向应变值(LAS-a)、左心室收缩期左心房整体峰值纵向应变值(LAS-s)、左心房整体总排空分数(LATEF)显著低于对照组[(35.02±4.03)比(38.86±3.89),(15.03±2.31)比(18.74±2.96),(41.87±9.46)比(51.98±9.87),P<0.05],且合并组显著低于单纯HFpEF组[(30.89±2.94)比(35.02±4.03),(11.89±3.16)比(15.03±2.31),(34.24±8.21)比(41.87±9.46),P<0.05];左心房内径(LAD)、二尖瓣口舒张早期峰值血流速度/左心室舒张早期室间隔侧二尖瓣环根部运动峰值速度(E/e′)、左心房容积指数(LAVI)、心肌做功指数(Tei指数)显著高于对照组[(40.68±5.89)比(33.72±4.52),(10.09±1.87)比(7.62±1.45),(24.86±4.78)比(21.32±4.04),(24.86±4.78)比(21.32±4.04),(0.42±0.08)比(0.38±0.08),P<0.05],且合并组显著高于单纯HFpEF组[(44.72±6.02)比(40.68±5.89),(11.32±2.46)比(10.09±1.87),(28.67±5.01)比(24.86±4.78),(0.45±0.06)比(0.42±0.08),P<0.05]。HFpEF患者IGFBP7、CaN水平显著高于对照组(P<0.05),且合并组显著高于单纯HFpEF组(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,IGFBP7、CaN、LAS-a、LAS-s、LAD、E/e′、LAVI、Tei指数、年龄是影响HFpEF合并AF的危险因素(P<0.05)。Spearman相关性分析表明,IGFBP7、CaN水平与LAS-a、LAS-s、LATEF呈明显的负相关(r=-0.512、-0.486,-0.508、-0.423,-0.326、-0.428,P<0.05),与LAD、E/e′、LAVI、Tei指数、年龄呈明显的正相关(r=0.328、0.289,0.218、0.321,0.238、0.264,0.208、0.142,0.482、0.358,P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,IGFBP7和CaN水平预测HFpEF合并AF的曲线下面积分别为0.903、0.999(P<0.001),最佳截点分别为24.04、0.42 ng/ml,敏感度分别为82.6%、98.8%,特异度分别为87.2%、99.7%。结论IGFBP7和CaN的异常表达可能与HFpEF合并AF患者左心房纤维化程度和左心房形变功能有关,其可作为HFpEF合并AF的预测指标。

超声多模态检查联合血清Egfl7、VEGF、OPN对肝癌微血管侵犯的诊断价值及预后价值分析

目的探讨与分析超声多模态检查联合血清表皮生长因子样结构域蛋白7(epidermal growth factor-like domain protein 7,EGFL7)、血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)、骨桥蛋白(osteopontin,OPN)对肝癌微血管侵犯的诊断价值及预后价值。方法2018年2月到2021年5月选择在本院诊治的肝癌患者78例作为研究对象,所有患者都给予超声多模态检查联合血清Egfl7、VEGF、OPN检测,同时给予手术病理检查,判断微血管侵犯状况,随访患者的预后并进行预测价值分析。结果78例患者中检出微血管侵犯阳性28例,占比35.9%。阳性组的肝癌血管分级、血管分布与阴性组对比有明显差异(P<0.05)。阳性组的血清Egfl7、VEGF、OPN含量都明显高于阴性组(P<0.05)。所有患者随访到2022年10月1日,平均随访时间28.47±2.10个月,死亡22例,死亡率为78.6%。多因素Logistic回归分析显示微血管侵犯、血管分级、血管分布与血清Egfl7、VEGF、OPN含量都为影响患者随访死亡的重要因素(P<0.05)。结论肝癌微血管侵犯患者多表现为超声多模态血管分级程度高与混合血流状况,伴随有血清Egfl7、VEGF、OPN的高表达,超声与联合血清Egfl7、VEGF、OPN对肝癌微血管侵犯的诊断预后预测都有很好的价值。

Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 inhibits IGF-1-induced proliferation of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells

OBJECTIVE Basic fibroblast growth factor(b FGF)and platelet-derived growth factor(PDGF)produced by hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)cells are responsible for the cell growth.Accumulating evidence shows that insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3(IGFBP-3)suppresses HCC cell proliferation in both IGF-dependent and independent manners.The present study is to investigate whether treatment with exogenous IGFBP-3 inhibits bF GF and PDGF production and the cell proliferation of HCC cells.METHODS Cell Counting Kit 8 assay were designed to detect HCC cell proliferation,transcription factor early growth response-1(EGR1)involving in IGFBP-3 regulation of b FGF and PDGF were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot assays.Western blot assay was adopted to detect the IGFBP-3 regulating insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor(IGF-1R)signaling pathway.RESULTS The present study demonstrates that IGFBP-3 suppressed IGF-1-induced b FGF and PDGF expression while it does not affect their expression in the absence of IGF-1.To delineate the underlying mechanism,Western-blot and RT-PCR assays confirmed that the transcription factor early growth response protein 1(EGR1)is involved in IGFBP-3 regulation of b FGF and PDGF.IGFBP-3 inhibition of type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor(IGF1R),ERK and AKT activation is IGF-1-dependent.Furthermore,transient transfection with constitutively activated AKT or MEK partially blocks the IGFBP-3 inhibition of EGR1,b FGF and PDGF expression.CONCLUSION In conclusion,these findings suggest that IGFBP-3suppresses transcription of EGR1 and its target genes b FGF and PDGF through inhibiting IGF-1-dependent ERK and AKT activation.It demonstrates the importance of IGFBP-3 in the regulation of HCC cell proliferation,suggesting that IGFBP-3 could be a target for the treatment of HCC.

急性心力衰竭患者血清胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白-7、沉默信息调节因子4表达水平及意义

目的 探讨胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白-7(IGFBP-7)、沉默信息调节因子4(SIRT4)在急性心力衰竭(AHF)患者血清中的表达水平及其对预后的预测价值。方法 选取151例AHF患者(AHF组)和151例健康体检者(对照组)作为研究对象,检测并比较2组血清IGFBP-7、SIRT4、N-末端钠尿肽前体(NT-proBNP)和活性氧(ROS)水平。分析血清IGFBP-7、SIRT4、NT-proBNP、ROS水平与病情分级的关系;采用Pearson相关系数法分析IGFBP-7、SIRT4与NT-proBNP、ROS的相关性;采用多因素Logistic回归分析法分析AHF患者预后的影响因素。绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线,分析血清IGFBP-7、SIRT4对AHF患者预后不良的预测效能。结果 AHF组血清IGFBP-7、SIRT4、NT-proBNP和ROS水平均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);AHF组患者中,病情分级Ⅳ级者血清IGFBP-7、SIRT4、NT-proBNP和ROS水平高于Ⅲ级者和Ⅱ级者,且Ⅲ级者高于Ⅱ级者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);AHF组预后不良者病情分级和血清IGFBP-7、SIRT4、NT-proBNP、ROS表达水平均高于预后良好者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。AHF患者血清IGFBP-7、SIRT4水平均分别与血清NT-proBNP、ROS水平呈正相关(r=0.523、0.498、0.578、0.557,P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,病情分级和血清IGFBP-7、SIRT4、NT-proBNP、ROS水平均为AHF患者预后的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。ROC曲线显示,血清IGFBP-7、SIRT4对AHF患者预后均有一定预测价值,曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.794、0.795,且两者与ROS联用的预测价值更高,AUC为0.909(95%CI:0.858~0.959)。结论 IGFBP-7、SIRT4在AHF患者血清中呈高表达,且其表达水平与患者病情分级和预后显著相关,两者联合检测对患者预后具有较高的预测价值。