采用静态称量法测量30、40、50℃时豌豆种子的吸附等温线,对实验数据进行非线性拟合,并通过对净等量吸附热、微分熵、焓熵补偿、扩张压力、净积分焓和净积分熵等热力学性质参数的研究,分析种子吸附特性和进一步揭示吸附机理,为选择和优...采用静态称量法测量30、40、50℃时豌豆种子的吸附等温线,对实验数据进行非线性拟合,并通过对净等量吸附热、微分熵、焓熵补偿、扩张压力、净积分焓和净积分熵等热力学性质参数的研究,分析种子吸附特性和进一步揭示吸附机理,为选择和优化种子干燥和贮藏条件提供理论依据。实验结果表明,温度恒定时,平衡含水率随水分活度升高而升高,吸附等温线属于类型Ⅱ且GAB模型拟合效果最佳(R2=0.998 9,误差平方和为4.52×10-5);净等量吸附热和微分熵随着平衡含水率升高而降低的规律符合焓熵补偿理论,该理论反映出吸附过程是非自发反应,属于焓驱动,而当干基含水率达到25%时,净等量吸附热值接近纯水的汽化潜热(43.30 k J/mol);种子吸附过程的扩张压力随水分活度升高而升高,随温度升高而降低,当扩张压力一定时,净积分焓和净积分熵随着平衡含水率升高而降低,净积分熵达到最小值后逐渐升高,此最小值在30、40、50℃温度条件下分别为-137.79、-140.29、-137.74 J/(mol·K),对应的水分活度和平衡含水率分别为0.017、0.045、0.062和2.7%、2.5%、2.4%,这些条件可作为豌豆种子贮藏的最稳定条件。展开更多
Water sorption isotherms are unique for individual food materials and can be used directly to predict shelf life and determine proper storage conditions. In this context, the aim of this study was to determine the moi...Water sorption isotherms are unique for individual food materials and can be used directly to predict shelf life and determine proper storage conditions. In this context, the aim of this study was to determine the moisture adsorption isotherms of amaranth flour at 15℃, 25℃ and 35℃ in a range of water activity from 0.1 to 0.9. Experimental data were modeled using five equations commonly applied in the foods field. The goodness of the fit for each isotherm model was evaluated through the coefficient of determination, the variance due to error and the confidence interval of the estimated parameters. All models can predict the adsorption isotherms of amaranth flour, but the GAB equation gives a better understanding of the observed sorption behavior. Estimated adsorption monolayer water contents ranged from 6.4 g to 7.2 g of water per 100 g of dry material. It was observed by a weak dependence of water activity with temperature. For ensuring microbiological stability, water content in amaranth flour should not be higher than 13 g of water per 100 g of dry material.展开更多
文摘采用静态称量法测量30、40、50℃时豌豆种子的吸附等温线,对实验数据进行非线性拟合,并通过对净等量吸附热、微分熵、焓熵补偿、扩张压力、净积分焓和净积分熵等热力学性质参数的研究,分析种子吸附特性和进一步揭示吸附机理,为选择和优化种子干燥和贮藏条件提供理论依据。实验结果表明,温度恒定时,平衡含水率随水分活度升高而升高,吸附等温线属于类型Ⅱ且GAB模型拟合效果最佳(R2=0.998 9,误差平方和为4.52×10-5);净等量吸附热和微分熵随着平衡含水率升高而降低的规律符合焓熵补偿理论,该理论反映出吸附过程是非自发反应,属于焓驱动,而当干基含水率达到25%时,净等量吸附热值接近纯水的汽化潜热(43.30 k J/mol);种子吸附过程的扩张压力随水分活度升高而升高,随温度升高而降低,当扩张压力一定时,净积分焓和净积分熵随着平衡含水率升高而降低,净积分熵达到最小值后逐渐升高,此最小值在30、40、50℃温度条件下分别为-137.79、-140.29、-137.74 J/(mol·K),对应的水分活度和平衡含水率分别为0.017、0.045、0.062和2.7%、2.5%、2.4%,这些条件可作为豌豆种子贮藏的最稳定条件。
基金support of the Swedish International Development Agency(Sida).
文摘Water sorption isotherms are unique for individual food materials and can be used directly to predict shelf life and determine proper storage conditions. In this context, the aim of this study was to determine the moisture adsorption isotherms of amaranth flour at 15℃, 25℃ and 35℃ in a range of water activity from 0.1 to 0.9. Experimental data were modeled using five equations commonly applied in the foods field. The goodness of the fit for each isotherm model was evaluated through the coefficient of determination, the variance due to error and the confidence interval of the estimated parameters. All models can predict the adsorption isotherms of amaranth flour, but the GAB equation gives a better understanding of the observed sorption behavior. Estimated adsorption monolayer water contents ranged from 6.4 g to 7.2 g of water per 100 g of dry material. It was observed by a weak dependence of water activity with temperature. For ensuring microbiological stability, water content in amaranth flour should not be higher than 13 g of water per 100 g of dry material.
