Temperature and stress fields in electron beam welded Ti-15-3 alloy to 304 stainless steel joint with copper interlayer sheet

Electron beam welding of Ti-15-3 alloy to 304 stainless steel （STS） using a copper filler metal was carried out. The temperature fields and stress distributions in the Ti/Fe and Ti/Cu/Fe joint during the welding process were numerically simulated and experimentally measured. The results show that the rotated parabola body heat source is fit for the simulation of the electron beam welding. The temperature distribution is asymmetric along the weld center and the temperature in the titanium alloy plate is higher than that in the 304 STS plate. The thermal stress also appears to be in asymmetric distribution. The residual tensile stress mainly exists in the weld at the 304 STS side. The copper filler metal decreases the peak temperature and temperature grade in the joint as well as the residual stress. The longitudinal and lateral residual tensile strengths reduce by 66 MPa and 31 MPa, respectively. From the temperature and residual stress, it is concluded that copper is a good filler metal candidate for the electron beam welding of Ti-15-3 titanium alloy to 304 stainless steel.

Seismic Behavior of Diaphragm-Through Connections of Concrete-Filled Square Steel Tubular Columns and H-Shaped Steel Beams

Based on the introductions of a type of diaphragm-through connection between concrete-filled square steel tubular columns (CFSSTCs) and H-shaped steel beams,a finite element model of the connection is developed and used to investigate the seismic behavior of the connection.The results of the finite element model are validated by a set of cyclic loading tests.The cyclic loading tests and the finite element analyses indicate that the failure mode of the suggested connections is plastic hinge at the beam with inelastic rotation angle exceeding 0.04 rad.The suggested connections have sufficient strength,plastic deformation and energy dissipation capacity to be used in composite moment frames as beam-to-column rigid connections.

Electron beam welding of Ti-15-3 titanium alloy to 304 stainless steel with copper interlayer sheet

Electron beam welding of Ti-15-3 titanium alloy to 304 stainless steel with a copper sheet as interlayer was carried out.Microstructures of the joint were studied by optical microscopy(OM),scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and X-ray diffractometry(XRD).In addition,the mechanical properties of the joint were evaluated by tensile test and the microhardness was measured.These two alloys were successfully welded by adding copper transition layer into the weld.Solid solution with a certain thickness was located at the interfaces between weld and base metal in both sides.Regions inside the weld and near the stainless steel were characterized by solid solution of copper with TiFe2 intermetallics dispersedly distributed in it.While weld near titanium alloy contained Ti-Cu and Ti-Fe-Cu intermetallics layer,in which the hardness of weld came to the highest value.Brittle fracture occurred in the intermetallics layer when the joint was stretched.

Microstructures and Properties of 550 MPa Grade High Strength Thin-walled H-beam Steel

The microstructures and mechanical properties of 550 MPa grade lightweight high strength thin-walled H-beam steel were experimentally studied. The experimental results show that the microstructure of the air-cooled H-beam steel sample is consisted of ferrite, pearlite and a small amount of granular bainites as well as fine and dispersive V（C,N） precipitates. The microstructure of the water-cooled steel sample is consisted of ferrite and bainite as well as a small amount of fine pearlites. The microstructure of the water-cooled sample is finer than that of the air-cooled sample with the average intercept size of the surface grains reaching to 3.5 gna. The finish rolling temperature of the thin-walled high strength H-beam steel is in the range of 750 ~C-850 ~C. The lower the finish rolling temperature and the faster the cooling rate, the finer the ferrite grains, the volume fraction of bainite is increased through water cooling process. Grain refinement strengthening and precipitation strengthening are used as major strengthening means to develop 550 MPa grade lightweight high strength thin- walled H-beam steel. Vanadium partially soluted in the matrix and contributes to the solution strengthening. The 550 MPa grade high-strength thin-walled H-beam steel could be developed by direct air cooling after hot rolling to fully meet the requirements of the target properties.

Experimental research on shear carrying capacity of H-steel concrete composite beam with small shear span ratio

In order to investigate shear carrying capacity of H-steel concrete beam with small shear span ratio,shear test on 5 H-steel concrete composite beams with small span ratio (from 0.7 to 1.1) are reported,including test design,test scheme,test method,failure characteristics and test results. Influences of shear span ratio,web of H steel and concrete on shear carrying capacity of this kind of beam are investigated. The main components comprising shear bearing capacity are analyzed. The results show that with the shear span ratio increasing,the contribution of web of H steel and concrete on shear carrying capacity decrease. Based on test data,the calculation formula of shear carrying capacity for this beam is established by curve fitting.

T型钢连接方钢管柱-H型钢梁节点抗震性能分析

目的为了研究单边螺栓和T型钢连接的方钢管柱-H型钢梁节点的抗震特性,方法采用室内试验和数值模拟分析方法,对1∶2缩尺的边节点进行拟静力试验,并通过ABAQUS有限元软件进行数值模拟,综合分析边节点的滞回特性、承载力、刚度与耗能等力学特性。有限元分析变量为T型钢加肋、梁翼缘狗骨式和梁腹板开圆孔式。结果试验中,节点试件中连接件T型钢参与耗能且其变形最明显,梁、柱构件变形较小。塑性铰主要集中在连接构件T型钢上,T型钢腹板与翼缘交接处出现应力集中状态。试验弹性阶段,节点构件共同抵抗外部作用力。进入塑性阶段,节点损伤逐渐累积至T型钢,使T型钢最终产生塑性破坏而失效。有限元模拟中,T型钢加肋的形式对节点整体承载力影响最大,其中加3号肋的形式使节点承载力的增长量达到最大;梁翼缘狗骨式的形式对节点整体耗能能力影响最大,为44.01%。结论在T型钢上加肋板对节点的承载力和刚度提升较明显,对耗能能力影响不大;梁翼缘狗骨式和梁腹板开圆孔式均能提高节点的耗能能力,节点承载力和刚度基本不变;梁翼缘做狗骨式对节点抗震性能影响最显著。

Relationship of microstructure transformation and hardening behavior of type 17-4 PH stainless steel

The relationship between the microstructure transformation of type 17-4 PH stainless steel and the aging hardening behavior was investigated. The results showed that, when 17-4 PH stainless steel aging at 595℃, the bulk hardness of samples attains its peak value （42.5 HRC） for about 20 min, and then decreases at all time. TEM revealed the microstructure corresponding with peak hardness is that the fine spheroid-shape copper with the fcc crystal structure and the fiber-shape secondary carbide M23C6 precipitated from the lath martensite matrix. Both precipitations of copper and M23C6 are the reasons for strengthening of the alloy at this temperature. With the extension of holding time at this temperature, the copper and secondary carbide grow and lose the coherent relationship with the matrix, so the bulk hardness of samples decreases.

Flexural Capacity Formula of Diaphragm-Through Joints of Concrete-Filled Square Steel Tubular Columns

Finite element analysis and parametric studies were performed to investigate the flexural capacity of the panel zone of diaphragm-through joints between concrete-filled square steel tubular columns and H-shaped steel beams. Through the comparisons of failure modes, load–displacement curves, and bearing capacity, it was found that the flexural capacity of the panel zone of diaphragm-through joints was determined by the tensile action and influence of the web of H-shaped steel beams, and the axial load should be taken into account. The steel tube and the diaphragm were the major parts of the joint that resisted the bending moment. The contribution of in-filled concrete had little influence on the flexural capacity of the panel zone of the joint and could be neglected. According to the results of these numerical studies, a formula that considered the influence of the web of H-shaped steel beams and the axial load was developed based on the yield lines in the diaphragm and the steel tube. The results of the proposed formula were in good agreement with the numerical data of this investigation. © 2017, Tianjin University and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

方钢管混凝土柱-H型钢梁节点研究

方钢管混凝土柱-H型钢梁节点的结构性能影响钢管混凝土结构在住宅建筑中的推广和应用。在总结方钢管混凝土柱-H型钢梁铰接、半刚接和刚接节点类型的基础上,对目前常用的内隔板节点和新提出的外肋环板节点进行了理论分析与试验研究。基于屈服线理论推导了内隔板节点强度的计算公式,提出了基于静力平衡理论的外肋环板节点的强度计算公式。结合工程实践对这两种节点进行了静力拉伸试验,分析了节点的破坏机制。借助于试件的应变测量,研究了节点的应变分布规律和应力传递机制,得到了荷载位移曲线、节点的屈服强度和极限强度。理论计算结果与试验值分析比较表明,填充混凝土的内隔板节点和外肋环板节点具有较好的刚度和延性。

装配式钢结构H形钢梁-钢管柱连接节点的力学性能研究

为进一步研究装配式钢结构H形钢梁-钢管柱连接节点的力学性能,以装配式钢管柱-组合螺栓连接节点试件为研究对象,利用ANSYS有限元软件对其进行了低周往复荷载作用下的抗震性能数值模拟分析。基于数据的整理和对比,分析节点试件的破坏模式、耗能能力、承载力、延性、刚度退化等力学性能。研究结果表明:由于对穿螺栓具有将钢梁上、下翼缘轴力直传至钢管柱对面的作用,在循环往复荷载作用下,钢管柱柱壁均出现"对称凹屈"现象,随后以梁端出现塑性铰丧失承载能力而破坏;节点承载力较高且耗能能力强,等效黏滞阻尼系数平均大于0.4;具有一定的塑性变形能力,延性系数均在3.0以上,表明该节点具有良好的抗震性能;节点的屈服和极限承载力会随着内套筒厚度的增加而显著增加,但同时也会降低节点延性、增大节点刚度退化程度;梁翼缘与外伸端板组件采用高强度螺栓连接会降低节点承载力和延性,增大耗能能力。研究成果将为装配式钢结构H形钢梁-钢管柱连接节点的研发和相关工程应用提供参考。

Nb-V微合金化H型钢BS55C表面裂纹成因分析

分析了成分为（％）：0．14～0．17C，0．45～0．55Si，1．25～1．45Mn，0．08～0．10V，0．03～0．05NbH型钢BS55C表面裂纹形成原因。结果表明，该钢凝固时纵裂的敏感性较大，700～950℃范围内的塑性较低，使H型钢表面易产生裂纹。由168炉胁V微合金化H型钢BS55C生产数据分析得出，采用LF精炼，控制钢中S≤0．015％、P≤0．020％，优化浇铸水口，采用弱二次水冷工艺，避免在700～900℃范围矫直，可有效减少Nb-V微合金化H型钢的表面裂纹。

方钢管混凝土柱-H型钢梁外肋环板节点研究

在分析方钢管混凝土柱-H型钢梁框架3种刚接节点的构造形式和特点的基础上,提出了一种新型刚接节点———外肋环板节点。以外肋环板节点梁翼缘受拉模型为对象,分析了节点的受力传力机理,并基于屈服线理论,推导出了梁翼缘受拉模型的屈服承载力计算公式,为这种新型节点今后的研究和工程应用提供了依据。

SCFT柱-H型钢梁平面框架抗震性能分析

针对SCFT柱-H型钢梁平面框架,采用ANSYS建立非线性模型,进行了7组框架模型在低周反复荷载作用下的受力特性分析,研究了轴压比和有无填充墙对SCFT柱框架力学性能的影响规律.分析发现:7组框架模型滞回曲线饱满,骨架曲线下降段平缓;在受压单肢钢管受压区达到屈服强度时,SCFT柱仍可视为整体受力构件并继续承担更大荷载,有效延缓整体框架的塑性变形,因此,SCFT柱框架具有良好的抗震性能;轴压比对SCFT柱框架的刚度退化影响并不明显,随轴压比增加,框架的极限承载力和延性有所降低,达到极限承载力后的强度退化明显;填充墙在SCFT柱框架加载前期能够有效分担水平荷载,显著提高框架承载力和弹性刚度,但刚性连接会加剧墙体过早压碎破坏,建议工程中采取柔性连接或预留缝隙,以减小填充墙震害,并改善墙体与SCFT柱框架的协同工作性能.

方钢管柱-H形钢梁铸钢连接节点力学性能分析

为解决目前节点工艺中常见的构造复杂等问题,采用预制铸钢连接件代替方钢管柱-H形钢梁梁柱节点中的加强构件,形成梁柱铸钢连接节点.该简化节点具有施工方便、焊接热影响小等优点.基于变形协调原理提出方钢管柱-H形钢梁铸钢连接节点承载力理论,分析可知,梁柱铸钢连接节点所受荷载主要由铸钢连接件环板承担,钢管柱所承担荷载可忽略不计.基于拟静力数值分析可知,方钢管柱-H形钢梁铸钢连接节点往复加载后,节点域滞回曲线饱满,节点进入塑性后变形能力较强,并且有较好的延性和屈服后强度,有利于提高结构抗震性能,适用于地震区的框架结构.

方钢管混凝土柱-H型钢梁组合节点抗震性能试验

目的研究不同参数下的隔板贯穿式方钢管混凝土柱-H型钢梁组合节点的抗震性能.方法对2组共6个隔板贯穿式方钢管混凝土柱-H型钢梁足尺节点试件进行低周往复荷载试验,并且完成节点的非线性有限元分析,明确各试件的破坏过程及特征,并对节点的承载力、延性、耗能能力和刚度退化等抗震性能指标进行分析.结果隔板贯通节点滞回曲线饱满,具有较强的耗能能力,同时从强度和刚度退化曲线中可以观察到退化现象,并且满足"强柱弱梁,强节点,弱杆件"的设计原则.结论改变贯穿隔板的厚度对节点的抗震性能、延性性能以及刚度和强度退化影响不是很明显,但是随着隔板厚度的增加节点的抗震性能逐渐增强;改变贯穿隔板的外伸长度对节点的抗震性能有一定的影响.

隔板贯通方钢管轻骨料混凝土柱-H形梁与箱形梁异形节点抗震性能试验

对圆弧加强隔板贯通方钢管轻骨料混凝土柱-H形梁与箱形梁异形节点和基本型异形节点进行循环加载试验,研究了贯通隔板圆弧扩大头构造对异形节点抗震性能的影响,获得了该类节点的破坏模式、滞回性能、承载力和塑性转角等抗震性能参数。基于试验结果和力学分析,建议了异形节点域的抗弯、抗剪计算模型,推导了异形节点域的抗弯、抗剪承载力计算公式。结果表明:基本型异形节点滞回曲线劣化明显,节点在刚度较大、几何突变的箱形梁翼缘对接焊缝边缘脆断;隔板圆弧加强异形节点的滞回曲线饱满,承载能力和刚度退化不明显,主要破坏模式为在隔板圆弧加强区形成塑性铰,梁翼缘对接焊缝延性开裂;加载至节点破坏时,贯通隔板与柱壁板间焊缝未发生撕裂破坏,节点域内轻骨料混凝土未压碎或拉裂,轻骨料混凝土与隔板和柱壁板间未发生剥离或滑移;隔板圆弧加强异形节点的塑性转角可达0.038~0.056rad,承载力较基本型异形节点提高21.5%~56.2%。

环梁式圆钢管约束H型钢混凝土柱-钢梁节点的抗震性能

设计了一种环梁式圆钢管约束H型钢混凝土柱-钢梁节点,并建立了该试件的全尺寸三维有限元分析模型,计算得到了此类节点试件的滞回曲线、骨架曲线及破坏模式,经与试验结果进行对比,两者吻合良好.在此基础上,对试件进行有限元变参数分析,考察了轴压比、混凝土强度、梁柱线刚度等对试件抗震受力性能的影响,同时提出了一种改进型梁端削弱翼缘的节点形式.结果表明:随轴压比增大,试件的耗能及延性性能明显下降;混凝土强度的变化对试件滞回性能影响不大;当保持柱截面不变,仅变换钢梁尺寸时,节点的承载力、延性及抗震耗能性能均随梁-柱线刚度比的增大而显著增大;而当保持钢梁截面不变,仅改变柱内型钢含钢率时,节点抗震受力性能随梁-柱线刚度比的变化并不明显;改进的梁端翼缘削弱形式的试件可在不明显降低其承载力及耗能性能的情况下,将塑性铰外移至距节点区较远的地方,从而更好地保护节点区.上述研究结论可为此类新型节点的应用提供理论基础.

海洋石油平台用H型钢0.11C-0.25Si-1.50Mn-0.038Nb连续冷却转变曲线

试验用H型钢(/%:0.11C、0.25Si、1.50Mn、0.006S、0.012P、0.038Nb)由30 kg真空感应炉冶炼,并轧成15 mm钢板。通过Formastor-F热模拟机测定了H型钢在0.1～100℃/s的冷却速度下的膨胀曲线,结合金相法绘制出0.11C-0.25Si-1.50Mn-0.038Nb钢的连续冷却转变(CCT)曲线。得出当冷却速度≤10℃/s时获得铁索体+珠光体组织,当冷却速度≥20℃/s时得到上贝氏体组织,≥100℃/s时为马氏体+少量贝氏体。

盖板式外加强环圆钢管柱-H形钢梁节点抗震性能的有限元分析

为研究盖板式外加强环圆钢管柱-H形钢梁节点的破坏特征和抗震性能,设计了柱径厚比、柱环径厚比、柱梁径宽比及梁腹板高厚比四类参数,通过ABAQUS软件对其进行有限元分析,探讨各参数对节点破坏模态、滞回曲线、骨架曲线、刚度退化、延性性能及耗能能力的影响。结果表明,该类节点破坏模态受各参数变化的影响,在节点核心区剪切破坏和梁端塑性铰破坏之间转变;节点的滞回曲线饱满,具有较好的延性和较强的能量耗散能力;骨架曲线、刚度退化受柱径厚比的影响显著;节点的极限承载力随着柱径厚比、柱梁径宽比及梁腹板高厚比的减小均有不同程度的提高。

新型矩形钢管混凝土柱-H钢梁节点性能研究

对某钢结构住宅项目中应用的A型方钢管混凝土柱-H型钢梁节点展开研究,对其微改进后得B型节点。考虑不同轴压比,Abaqus建模分析两者在低周往复荷载作用下节点的滞回性能、刚度强度特征、应力分布及破坏形态,考察了不同截面的钢梁与钢柱组合对节点性能的影响,分析表明两类节点滞回曲线饱满,耗能性能良好,强度刚度特征相仿,应力分布及破坏形态符合抗震设计中“强节点、弱构件”的概念要求,都能应用于实际工程,但B型节点在加工制造、材料节约和建筑适用性上更好。