Genesis of the Jiajika superlarge lithium deposit,Sichuan,China:constraints from He–Ar–H–O isotopes

The Jiajika granitic-and pegmatite-type lithium deposit,which is in the Songpan-Garze Orogenic Belt in western Sichuan Province,China,is the largest in Asia.Previous studies have examined the geochemistry and mineralogy of pegmatites and their parental source rocks to determine the genesis of the deposit.However,the evolution of magmatic-hydrothermal fluids has received limited attention.We analyzed He–Ar–H–O isotopes to decipher the ore-fluid nature and identify the contribution of fluids to mineralization in the late stage of crystallization differentiation.In the Jiajika ore field,two-mica granites,pegmatites(including common pegmatites and spodumene pegmatites),metasandstones,and schists are the dominant rock types exposed.Common pegmatites derived from early differentiation of the two-mica granitic magmas before they evolved into spodumene pegmatites during the late stage of the magmatic evolution.Common pegmatites have~3He/~4He ratios that vary from 0.18 to 4.68 Ra(mean1.62 Ra),and their~(40)Ar/~(36)Ar ratios range from 426.70 to 1408.06(mean 761.81);spodumene pegmatites have~3He/~4He ratios that vary from 0.18 to 2.66 Ra(mean 0.87Ra)and their~(40)Ar/~(36)Ar ratios range from 402.13 to 1907.34(mean 801.65).These data indicate that the hydrothermal fluids were shown a mixture of crust-and mantle-derived materials,and the proportion of crustderived materials in spodumene pegmatites increases significantly in the late stage of the magmatic evolution.Theδ~(18)OH_(2)O–VSMOWvalues of common pegmatites range from 6.2‰to 10.9‰,with a mean value of 8.6‰,andδDV–SMOWvalues vary from-110‰to-72‰,with a mean o f-85‰.Theδ~(18)OH_(2)O–VSMOWvalues of spodumene pegmatites range from 5.3‰to 13.2‰,with a mean of 9.1‰,andδDV–SMOWvalues vary from-115‰to-77‰,with a mean of-91‰.These data suggest that the ore-forming fluids came from primary magmatic water gradually mixing with more meteoric water in the late stage of the magmatic evolution.Based on the He–Ar–H–O and other existing data,we propose that the oreforming metals are mainly derived from the upper continental crust with a minor contribution from the mantle,and the fluid exsolution and addition of meteoric water during the formation of pegmatite contributed to the formation of the Jiajika superlarge lithium deposit.

Trace-element geochemistry and S–O isotopes in the fluorite-barite mineralization of Merguechoum,Moroccan eastern Meseta:insights into ore genesis to the Pangea rifting

The Merguechoum fluorite-barite mineralization,located in the Eastern Meseta of Morocco,is hosted in the Late Hercynian granite.The ore consists of fine crystals of fluorite 1,massive barite 1,euhedral crystals of fluorite 2,and barite 2 with calcite and minor quartz and sulfides.The Merguechoum ore deposits have never been investigated.This study was the first contribution that studied the genesis of fluorite and barite.The ore occurs as dissemination within granite intrusion and also fills the NE-SWtrending meter-sized fractures and faults.The values of the total Rare Earth Elements and Yttrium(REY)and the ratios of LREY/HREY,Y/Ho,Tb/Ca,and Tb/La indicate that the Merguechoum fluorite precipitated from hydrothermal fluids,likely basinal brines,which interacted with the Hercynian granite.The REY data indicate that the ore-forming fluids of the early stage have intensely interacted with the Hercynian granite compared to those of the late ore stage.The gradual decrease in the europium(Eu/Eu^(*)),yttrium(Y/Y^(*)),and cerium(Ce/Ce^(*))anomalies and a low concentration ofΣREY observed in the second ore stage compared to the first ore stage suggest an increase in p H and fO_(2)and by inference a decrease in temperature during the evolution of the hydrothermal system.This evolution could be explained by fluid mixing between the ascending basinal hydrothermal fluids and the diluted sulfate-rich meteoric water barite separates from selected samples reveal that the dissolved sulfates(SO_(4)^(2-))were derived from Permian–Triassic sulfates and/or coeval poreseawater sulfates.The proposed fluid mixing triggered the precipitation of an early-stage F-Ba assemblage followed by the second-stage F-Ba mineralization.Geologic fieldwork,REY inventories,and isotope data point to the ore genesis during the Permian–Triassic extensional tectonic activity concerning the Pangea rifting.This extensional tectonic environment is likely the driving force that mobilized a large amount of the ore-forming basinal brines along the available faults and fractures to the loci of ore deposition.

A Study of Sr, Nd and O Isotopes of the K-rich Melanocratic Dykes in the Late Mesozoic Gold Field in the Jiaodong Peninsula

Geologic, petrographic and petrochemical studies of the late Mesozoic K-rich melanocratic dykes, including lamprophyres, andesite porphyrites and dacite-porphyry in the gold field system in the Jiaodong Peninsula, China, have shown that these dykes are characterized by rich potassium and alkali but poor titanium. They belong to an ultra-high potassic, shoshonitic and high potassic calc-alkaline rock series. The parental magma has relatively high initial strontium ratios ((87Sr/86Sr),=0.70895-0.71140) and low (143Nd/144Nd)1 ratios (varying from 0.51135 to 0.51231); and its δ18Osmow, whole rock values vary from +5.8%c to +10.6%c with a mean of +7.1%c. These features suggest that the source region of the magma is an enriched mantle wedge transformed from a continental lithosphere mantle which has experienced metasomatism by mantle-derived fluids with H2O-dominated fluids that were provided during the underthrusting of an ocean crust. The initial magma was generated by low-degree partial melting of the enriched mantle in its mature stage in the back-arc spreading environment. The evolution of magmas is associated with two trends, i.e., fractional crystallization and mixing with or intensive contamination by palaeo-crust materials or metamorphic rocks. The former process is evident in the gold field system of quartz-vein type, whereas the latter is dominated in the gold field system of the altered-rock type. This conclusion is very important for more detailed study of petrogenesis and mineralization through the crust-mantle interaction (exchange) in the Mesozoic in this region.

Geodynamic Background of Intracontinental Cenozoic Alkaline Volcanic Rocks in Laojiezi, Western Yangtze Craton: Constraints from Sr-Nd-Hf-O Isotopes

The Laojiezi alkaline volcanic rocks, which are located in the intraplate region of the Yangtze craton, coincide with the formation of the Jinshajiang-Ailaoshan-Red River alkaline rock belt. Although this belt has been widely studied by geologists because of its porphyry-related Pb-Ag-Au polymetallic deposit and geotectonic location, the material sources of this belt are still debate. Whole-rock analyses show that these rocks have high total alkali contents(3.73–11.08 wt%), and their aluminum saturation index(ASI) values widely vary from 0.82 to 3.07, which comprise a metaluminous-peraluminous magma series. These rocks are characterized by high K(K2 O/Na2 O>1) and low Ti and Mg contents; enrichment in large-ion lithophile elements, such as Rb, Ba, K and light rare earth elements; and depletion in high field strength elements, such as Ta, Nb, P, and Ti. These rocks exhibit moderate Eu(Eu/Eu*=0.86–1.04) and Ce(Ce/Ce*=0.63–0.96) anomalies. Their(87 Sr/86 Sr)i, εNd(t), zircon εHf(t) and δ18 O values range from 0.70839 to 0.71013, from-10.16 to-12.45, from-19.6 to-5.8, and from 5.69‰ to 8.54‰, respectively, and their Nd and Hf two-stage model ages(TDM2) are 1.67–1.86 Ga and 1.27–2.02 Ga, respectively. These data reflect the primary partial melting of Paleoproterozoic to Mesoproterozoic lower crust with minor residual continental lithospheric mantle and supracrustal metasediments. The lithosphere was likely thickened along the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau following the Indian-Asian continentcontinent collision(65–41 Ma). During the post-collision phase(36–16 Ma), the transition from a compressional to extensional setting triggered the convective removal of the over-thickened CLM beneath the Yangtze craton, which led to the upwelling of asthenospheric materials. This process created alkali-rich and high-K magma through the partial melting of the thickened lower crust. Magma that carried Cu-Au-Pb-Ag minerals was emplaced by strike-slip motion along the E-to W-or ENE-to WSWtrending tectonically weak zone, finally forming an alkaline porphyry Cu-Au-Pb-Ag polymetallic deposit.

Antibacterial mechanism of kojic acid and tea polyphenols against Escherichia coli O157:H7 through transcriptomic analysis

Escherichia coli O157:H7 is one of the major foodborne pathogenic bacterial that cause infectious diseases in humans.The previous found that a combination of kojic acid and tea polyphenols exhibited better activity against E.coli O157:H7 than using either alone.This study aimed to explore responses underlying the antibacterial mechanisms of kojic acid and tea polyphenols from the gene level.The functional enrichment analysis by comparing kojic acid and tea polyphenols individually or synergistically against E.coli O157:H7 found that acid resistance systems in kojic acid were activated,and the cell membrane and genomic DNA were destructed in the cells,resulting in“oxygen starvation”.The oxidative stress response triggered by tea polyphenols inhibited both sulfur uptake and the synthesis of ATP,which affected the bacteria's life metabolic process.Interestingly,we found that kojic acid combined with tea polyphenols hindered the uptake of iron that played an essential role in the synthesis of DNA,respiration,tricarboxylic acid cycle.The results suggested that the iron uptake pathways may represent a novel approach for kojic acid and tea polyphenols synergistically against E.coli O157:H7 and provided a theoretical basis for bacterial pathogen control in the food industry.

胶东盘子涧金矿床成矿流体特征--来自包裹体、H-O同位素证据

盘子涧金矿床地处华北板块胶辽隆起区,栖霞—蓬莱金成矿带上。金矿的形成主要与区内控矿断裂——盘子涧断裂和中生代岩浆岩有关。为研究该矿床成矿流体性质及演化,并控讨矿床成因,对该矿床不同阶段的包裹体进行岩相学、显微测温、包裹体激光拉曼及H—O同位素分析研究。盘子涧金矿床成矿热液期可划分为4个成矿阶段,从早到晚分别是黄铁矿—石英阶段(Ⅰ阶段)、石英—黄铁矿(绢云母)阶段(Ⅱ阶段)、金—石英—多金属硫化物阶段(Ⅲ阶段)和石英—碳酸盐阶段(Ⅳ阶段)。其中Ⅱ、III阶段为主成矿阶段。不同成矿阶段的流体包裹体有3种类型,分别是富液气液两相盐水包裹体、含CO_(2)三相包裹体和纯液相包裹体。显微测温结果显示,成矿流体的完全均一温度介于142~348℃,主要集中于200~300℃,盐度介于4.44%~10.98%NaCl_(eqv)。石英的δD_(V-SMOW)值为-74.6‰~-68.5‰,δ^(18)O_(V-SMOW)值为+11.65‰~+13.92‰。显示成矿流体为中低温、低盐度的CO_(2)—H_(2)O—NaCl体系,来源于地幔,以岩浆热液为主,并伴有部分大气降水加入。矿床成因类型属石英脉型金矿。

Linkage between precipitation isotopes and water vapor sources in the monsoon margin:Evidence from arid areas of Northwest China

The isotope composition in precipitation has been widely considered as a tracer of monsoon activity.Compared with the coastal region,the monsoon margin usually has limited precipitation with large fluctuation and is usually sensitive to climate change.The water resource management in the monsoon margin should be better planned by understanding the composition of precipitation isotope and its influencing factors.In this study,the precipitation samples were collected at five sampling sites(Baiyin City,Kongtong District,Maqu County,Wudu District,and Yinchuan City)of the monsoon margin in the northwest of China in 2022 to analyze the characteristics of stable hydrogen(δD)and oxygen(δ18O)isotopes.We analyzed the impact of meteorological factors(temperature,precipitation,and relative humidity)on the composition of precipitation isotope at daily level by regression analysis,utilized the Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory(HYSPLIT)-based backward trajectory model to simulate the air mass trajectory of precipitation events,and adopted the potential source contribution function(PSCF)and concentration weighted trajectory(CWT)to analyze the water vapor sources.The results showed that compared with the global meteoric water line(GMWL),the slope of the local meteoric water line(LMWL;δD=7.34δ^(18)O-1.16)was lower,indicating the existence of strong regional evaporation in the study area.Temperature significantly contributed toδ18O value,while relative humidity had a significant negative effect onδ18O value.Through the backward trajectory analysis,we found eight primary locations that were responsible for the water vapor sources of precipitation in the study area,of which moisture from the Indian Ocean to South China Sea(ITSC)and the western continental(CW)had the greatest influence on precipitation in the study area.The hydrogen and oxygen isotopes in precipitation are significantly influenced by the sources and transportation paths of air mass.In addition,the results of PSCF and CWT analysis showed that the water vapor source areas were primarily distributed in the south and northwest direction of the study area.

宁芜矿集区多阶段火山作用岩浆源区的转变:来自侵入岩锆石Hf-O同位素特征的记录

宁芜玢岩型铁矿矿集区是中国东部重要的铁矿矿集区之一。宁芜矿集区在早白垩世135~126 Ma间连续发育了成分和源区相似的4组火山作用旋回,并伴随有两大类侵入岩发育:一类为辉石闪长玢岩-闪长玢岩,与玢岩型铁矿床的形成密切相关,主要发育于大王山火山旋回晚期(约131 Ma);另一类为花岗岩类侵入岩,形成于铁矿化之后,成岩时代与姑山和娘娘山火山旋回相近(130~126 Ma)。两类侵入岩源区的差异与联系目前尚未揭露。本次研究通过对两类侵入岩锆石年代学、Hf-O同位素特征的研究,区分了不同侵入岩源区差异。结果表明,与成矿母岩同旋回侵入岩锆石的δ^(18)O集中于6.0‰~6.5‰,εHf(t)集中于-6.0~-5.0;成矿后形成的花岗岩类侵入岩锆石的δ18O集中于7.0‰至8.0‰,ε_(Hf)(t)分布于-8.7~-1.2。结合前人研究,区内岩浆活动存在有富集地幔、太古代地壳和新元古代地壳3个岩浆源区,4个火山作用旋回的岩浆源区在130 Ma左右发生了改变。130 Ma之前的龙王山和大王山火山旋回的岩浆岩源区主要为受太古代地壳混染的富集地幔,而130 Ma之后的姑山和娘娘山火山作用旋回的岩浆岩源区主要为受新元古代地壳混染的富集地幔。多阶段火山作用中只有大王山旋回的闪长玢岩与玢岩型铁矿的形成有关。相比较其他火山旋回,大王山旋回具有更高的富集地幔组分以及更少的新元古代地壳的混染。因而,岩浆中较高比例的富集地幔含量是控制玢岩型铁矿形成的关键因素之一。

Genesis of the Nanyangtian scheelite deposit in southeastern Yunnan Province,China: evidence from mineral chemistry,fluid inclusions,and C–O isotopes

The Nanyangtian skarn-type scheelite deposit is an important part of the Laojunshan W–Sn polymetallic metallogenic region in southeastern Yunnan Province,China. The deposit comprises multiple scheelite ore bodies;multilayer skarn-type scheelite ore bodies are dominant,with a small amount of quartz vein-type ore bodies. Skarn minerals include diopside, hedenbergite, grossular, and epidote. Three mineralization stages exist: skarn, quartz–scheelite, and calcite. The homogenization temperatures of fluid inclusions in hydrothermal minerals that formed in different paragenetic phases were measured as follows:221–423℃ (early skarn stage), 177–260℃ (quartz–scheelite stage), and 173–227℃ (late calcite stage). The measured salinity of fluid inclusions ranged from 0.18% to16.34% NaCleqv(skarn stage), 0.35%–7.17% NaCleqv(quartz–scheelite stage), and 0.35%–2.24% NaCleqv(late calcite vein stage). Laser Raman spectroscopic studies on fluid inclusions in the three stages showed H_2O as the main component, with N_2 present in minor amounts. Minor amounts of CH_4 were found in the quartz–scheelite stage. It was observed that the homogenization temperature gradually reduced from the early to the late mineralization stages; moreover, δ^(13)C_(PDB) values for ore-bearing skarn in the mineralization period ranged from -5.7‰ to-6.9‰ and the corresponding δ^(18)O_(SMOW) values ranged from 5.8‰ to 9.1‰, implying that the ore-forming fluid was mainly sourced from magmatic water with a minor amount of meteoric water. Collectively, the evidence indicates that the formation of the Nanyangtian deposit is related to Laojunshan granitic magmatism.

胶东大尹格庄金矿成矿流体时空演化及矿床成因:来自流体包裹体、成矿元素和H-O-S-Pb同位素证据

大尹格庄金矿位于招平成矿带中段,是胶东地区典型的构造蚀变岩型金矿床,储量达到超大型规模,但关于该矿床的成因类型尚存在较大争议。在详细野外地质调查的基础上开展了该矿床成因和成矿流体纵向变化特征研究。流体包裹体研究表明,成矿流体为中温、低盐度、中低密度的H_(2)O-CO_(2)-NaCl±CH_(4)体系。从成矿早期到晚期各阶段(Ⅰ~Ⅳ阶段)均一温度和盐度逐渐降低,密度逐渐增加。氢氧同位素组成显示成矿流体早期以岩浆水为主,后期有大气降水的混入,主成矿阶段可能存在流体沸腾作用;黄铁矿硫铅同位素组成表明成矿物质来源于深源壳幔混合岩浆。成矿过程和背景总体与胶东其他金矿床类似,形成于克拉通破坏环境。浅部与深部流体和物质组成的对比研究表明,在垂向纵深范围内成矿流体性质、金银成矿强度和金成色稳定一致,金沉淀具有宽泛而稳定的环境,指示大尹格庄金矿床深部仍然具有很大的成矿潜力和找矿空间。

新疆西准噶尔造山带北部晚石炭世I型花岗岩的岩石地球化学和锆石Hf- O同位素特征:对其岩石成因与构造过程的启示

新疆西准噶尔造山带发育大量的晚古生代侵入岩,但它们的岩浆源区和形成的构造背景仍然存在较大争议。本文对西准噶尔造山带北部阿尔加提山石英二长岩进行了详细的岩石学、地球化学、锆石Hf-O同位素研究,旨在揭示其岩石成因和构造背景,探讨其与地壳生长的关系。两件样品的锆石U-Pb定年结果分别为301.8±1.4 Ma和303.7±3.1 Ma,形成于晚石炭世。阿尔加提山石英二长岩样品含有角闪石,高硅(SiO_(2)=67.8%~68.9%)、富碱(K_(2)O+Na_(2)O=9.36%~9.89%)、具有低的铝饱和指数(A/CNK=0.96~1.00),伴有低的Ga/Al值(2.27~2.34),Rb/Sr值(0.35~0.50),显示出I型花岗岩的特征。同时,这些样品均富集大离子亲石元素和轻稀土,亏损高场强元素(如Nb、Ta和Ti等),和负的Eu异常(δEu=0.72~0.85),类似于典型俯冲相关的岛弧岩浆特征。这些I型花岗岩具有高的、正的锆石ε_(Hf)(t)值(+11.2~+14.5)和年轻的二阶段Hf模式年龄(t_(DM2)=604~392 Ma),以及比地幔值略高的锆石δ^(18)O值(5.73‰~6.51‰)和高的锆石饱和封闭温度(T_(zr)=854~895℃),可能是新生下地壳在高温背景下部分熔融的产物。结合前人在西准噶尔造山带北部发现的晚石炭世早二叠世A1和A2型花岗岩和埃达克质岩墙,本文认为这些高温岩石组合的形成可能与晚石炭世的洋中脊俯冲及其相关板片窗作用有关。在洋脊俯冲背景下,软流圈地幔上涌加热新生下地壳,促使其发生部分熔融形成I和A_(1)和A_(2)型花岗岩。西准噶尔造山带大多数下地壳主要形成于早古生代,表明该地区在显生宙发生了显著的地壳增长。

内蒙古根河三道桥铅锌银矿床C-H-O-S同位素和U-Pb定年研究及其意义

内蒙古根河三道桥大型铅锌银矿床位于大兴安岭得尔布干成矿带中北段,矿体主要呈脉状赋存于火山岩地层中。氢氧同位素研究表明,成矿期石英和绢云母的δD值变化范围为-149.1‰~-156.7‰,δ^(18)OH_(2)O值变化范围为-13.6‰~3.4‰;成矿后期石英δD值变化范围为-131.9‰~-147.7‰,δ^(18)OH_(2)O值变化范围为-16.5‰~-18.2‰。碳同位素分析结果表明,与矿化有关的方解石δ^(13)C值变化范围为-1.8‰~-3.1‰,δ^(18)O值变化范围为5.3‰~8.6‰。原位S同位素分析结果表明,硫化物的δ^(34)S值变化范围为2.3‰~5.6‰,与其西南侧下护林矽卡岩型铅锌银矿床中的硫化物的δ^(34)S值(1.2‰~5.9‰)基本一致。上述同位素组成特征指示成矿物质主要来源于岩浆热液,在上升到地壳浅部时有一定量的大气降水混入。锆石U-Pb年代学研究表明,矿化的闪长玢岩脉年龄为(136.0±0.7)Ma(MSWD=0.44);未矿化、穿切硫化物微细脉的闪长玢岩脉的锆石U-Pb年龄为(120.8±0.6)Ma(MSWD=0.49)。结合前人相关研究进展,认为三道桥铅锌银矿床形成于136.0~120.8 Ma期间(早白垩世),为伸展构造背景下与浅成侵入岩有关的中温热液型铅锌银矿床。

HA/H2O2体系对磺胺噻唑降解的机理与效能

以盐酸羟胺/过氧化氢(HA/H2O2)作为研究体系,考察其对于磺胺噻唑(STZ)的降解效能。文章考察了HA初始浓度、H2O2初始浓度、STZ初始浓度、pH、天然有机物(NOM)、阴离子(SO2-4、Cl-和NO-3)对STZ降解的影响。结果表明:在pH值=3.0的条件下,HA/H2O2体系对STZ具有高效的降解效果,当HA的物质的量浓度由2 mmol/L增加到10 mmol/L时,对STZ的去除率从56.06%增加到85.26%;当H2O2的物质的量浓度从2 mmol/L增加到10 mmol/L时,对STZ的去除率从58.96%增加到85.26%,当STZ的物质的量浓度从2μmol/L增加到10μmol/L时,对STZ的去除率从98.72%降低到71.86%。随着pH的增大,STZ的去除率逐渐降低,在pH值>7的条件下对STZ的去除率可以忽略不计。向反应体系中分别投加5 mmol/L的SO2-4和5 mmol/L的NO-3都可以有效促进STZ的降解,而5 mmol/L的Cl-则会抑制STZ的降解。当向体系中投加小于5 mg/L的NOM则对STZ的降解的影响可以忽略不计。测定了体系中共有17种降解产物,并推测STZ通过取代反应、羟基化反应等方式逐步被降解。通过明亮发光杆菌发光值变化分析降解过程中溶液毒性的变化,测定发现STZ降解过程中急性毒性不高。实际水体试验结果表明,HA/H2O2系统对二级出水中的荧光类物质具有较好的降解效果。

华北克拉通始太古代演化——来自冀东38亿年片麻岩锆石Hf-O同位素的记录

陆壳成因的研究对了解地球演化具有重要意义,但由于古老陆壳岩石出露有限,目前地球早期陆壳研究还比较薄弱。近期,冀东地区一处新的始太古代岩石记录的发现,为研究华北克拉通内部早期陆壳性质提供了极为重要的对象。本文对冀东卢龙喇叭山地区这处新发现的始太古代花岗闪长质片麻岩进行了详细的锆石U-Pb年代学和Hf-O同位素分析。结果显示该样品中锆石具有自形-半自形晶形、振荡环带的内部结构,较高的Th、U含量以及Th/U比值,显示岩浆锆石特征。7个SIMS分析点给出的加权平均^(207)Pb/^(206)Pb年龄为3776±11Ma(MSWD=3.1),代表了花岗闪长质岩浆的结晶年龄,指示冀东地区存在始太古代结晶基底。这些锆石的O同位素组成(δ^(18)O=5.81±0.13‰)与地幔锆石在分析误差范围内一致,其Hf同位素组成(ε_(Hf)(t)=0.09±0.31)与球粒陨石均一岩浆库类似。这些Hf-O同位素特征显著不同于冀东地区曹庄岩组中发现的始太古代碎屑锆石,说明其不可能作为曹庄岩组变沉积岩的物源区。而华北克拉通内部鞍山地区的始太古代片麻岩中的岩浆锆石与冀东始太古代碎屑锆石在Hf-O同位素特征上最为类似,因此前者是冀东始太古代碎屑锆石最可能的源岩,暗示冀东地区和鞍山地区在始太古代时可能是统一的整体。与全球始太古代岩石记录对比发现,华北克拉通主体与North Atlantic克拉通、Pilbara克拉通和塔里木克拉通等主要克拉通类似,其内部目前发现的最古老岩石都具有与球粒陨石一致的锆石Hf同位素组成,指示大部分始太古代陆壳可能源自一个未发生明显分异的相对原始地幔源区。

云南中甸地区斑岩体锆石微量元素与Hf-O同位素特征及其对成岩成矿的启示

中甸铜多金属成矿带位于义敦岛弧南缘,被分为东、西两个斑岩带。本文以东斑岩带的普朗、地苏嘎岩体,西斑岩带的雪鸡坪岩体为研究对象,通过锆石微量元素和Hf-O同位素特征研究,结合所收集到的这些岩体的全岩地球化学数据,来揭示两个斑岩带的岩浆来源与演化过程、构造背景,并探讨造成其成矿差异的控制因素。结果表明,3个岩体所含锆石都亏损轻稀土、富集重稀土,具有明显的Ce正异常和Eu负异常,Th/U平均值分别为0.19、0.27、0.13,均为岩浆锆石。普朗、地苏嘎和雪鸡坪岩体锆石ε_(Hf)(t)值分别为-0.31±0.6、0.0±0.6、1.71±0.7,锆石δ^(18)O值分别为6.2±0.3‰、6.2±0.4‰、6.1±0.4‰;3个岩体的源区相差不大,均为壳幔岩浆混合,但普朗和地苏嘎岩体地壳物质贡献更多。全岩主微量元素变化特征与锆石Nb/Yb和Th/Nb与Eu/Eu^(*)的相关性显示东斑岩带的普朗和地苏嘎岩体比西斑岩带的雪鸡坪岩体的结晶分异程度更高。在锆石微量元素构造判别图解中,这些岩体均落在火山弧或与弧相关的造山环境范围。结合全岩的Nb-Y和Rb-(Y+Nb)判别图解,以及中甸地区成岩年龄的统计,进一步判定东、西斑岩带岩体均形成于与晚三叠世甘孜-理塘洋壳西向俯冲相关的大陆弧背景。采用锆石氧逸度计估算的普朗、地苏嘎和雪鸡坪岩体的氧逸度分别为ΔFMQ+1.58、ΔFMQ+1.42、ΔFMQ+1.91(QFM为石英-铁橄榄石-磁铁矿缓冲剂)。结合Eu/Eu^(*)值和全岩V/Sc比值分析,发现3个岩体均有较高氧逸度,但普朗和地苏嘎的岩浆氧逸度略低于雪鸡坪,说明在相对较高氧逸条件下,氧逸度高低与成矿规模不成比例。3个岩体的锆石结晶温度分别为769±34℃、783±36℃、819±40℃。结合全岩Sr/Y比值,发现普朗和地苏嘎岩浆含水量高于雪鸡坪。由此推断,更高的水含量和岩浆分异度可能是东部斑岩带比西部斑岩带发育更多斑岩矿床的重要原因,这也暗示东斑岩带具有更大的找矿潜力。

广西砂子岭银多金属矿床成因:来自流体包裹体及H-O-S同位素的制约

砂子岭银多金属矿床位于钦杭成矿带西南端,水汶火山盆地西缘,区域性NE向博白—岑溪深大断裂带从其西侧穿过。矿体呈脉状、透镜状赋存在燕山晚期霏细斑岩内,受NW、NE向断裂构造控制。文章在系统总结矿床成矿地质特征的基础上,进行流体包裹体及氢、氧、硫同位素研究,探讨矿床成因。结果表明:流体包裹体类型主要为富液两相流体包裹体,成矿初—晚阶段流体均一温度、盐度均逐渐降低,主成矿期流体具有中温(246~351℃)、低盐度(3.1%~4.8%)特征。黄铁矿、方铅矿δ^(34)S的值为-1.45‰~2.67‰,指示硫来源于岩浆。H-O同位素研究结果指示成矿流体主要来自岩浆水,后期有大气降水混入。综合研究认为砂子岭银多金属矿床属中温热液矿床。

食品中肠出血性大肠杆菌O157∶H7的检测技术研究进展

近年来,因食源性致病菌造成的食品中毒正在不断增加,严重威胁了人类的健康,大肠杆菌(E.coli)O157∶H7由于其低感染剂量和高致病性等特点引起了研究人员和世界卫生组织的高度重视。因此精准快速的检测食品中的E.coli O157∶H7对食品安全问题有着重要的意义,是预防和控制食源性疾病传播的重要技术,为此本文对E.coli O157∶H7的常规检测方法、免疫学法、分子生物学法和其他方法进行论述,介绍了这些方法的优缺点,对各种方法进行了整体比较,以期为有关工作者在选择检测方法或研发新方法提供参考。

Origin and evolution of ore-forming fluid for the Gaosongshan gold deposit, Lesser Xing’an Range:Evidence from fluid inclusions,H-O-S-Pb isotopes

Epithermal gold deposits are typical precious metal deposits related to volcanic and subvolcanic magmatism.Due to the lack of direct geological and petrographic evidences,the origin of the ore-forming fluid is deduced from the spatial diagenesis-mineralization relationship,chronological data,physicochemical characteristics of mineral fluid inclusions,mineral or rock elements and isotopic geochemical characteristics.By objectively examining this scientific problem via a geological field survey and petrographic analysis of the Gaosongshan epithermal gold deposit,we recently discovered and verified the following points:(1) Pyrite-bearing spherical quartz aggregates (PSQA) occur in the rhyolitic porphyry;(2) the mineralization is structurally dominated by WNW- and ENE-trending systems and occurs mostly in hydrothermal breccias and pyrite-quartz veins,and the ore types are mainly hematite-crusted quartz,hydrothermal breccia,massive pyrite-quartz,etc.;(3) the alteration types consist of prevalent silicification,sericitization,propylitization and carbonation,with local adularization and illitization.The ore minerals are mainly pyrite,primary hematite,native gold,and electrum,with lesser amounts of chalcopyrite,magnetite,sphalerite,and galena,indicating a characteristic epithermal low-sulfidation deposit.The ore-forming fluid may have been primarily derived from magmatic fluid exsolved from a crystallizing rhyolitic porphyry magma.Further zircon U-Pb geochronology,fluid inclusion,physicochemical and isotopic geochemical analyses revealed that (1) rhyolitic porphyry magmatism occurred at 104.6 ± 1.0 Ma,whereas the crystallization of the PSQA occurred at 100.8 ± 2.1 Ma;(2) the hydrothermal fluid of the pre-ore stage was an exsolved CO2-bearing H2O-NaCl magmatic fluid that produced inclusions mainly composed of pure vapor (PV),vapor-rich (WV) and liquid-rich (WL) inclusions with a small number of melt-(M) and solid-bearing (S) inclusions;mineralization-stage quartz contains WL and rare PV,WV and pure liquid (PL) inclusions characterized by the H2O-NaCl system with low formation temperatures and low salinities;(3) the characteristics of hydrogen,oxygen,sulfur,and lead isotopes and those of rare earth elements (REEs) provide insight into the affinity between PSQA and orebodies resulting from juvenile crust or enriched mantle.Combined with previous research on the mineralogenetic epoch (99.32 ± 0.01 Ma),we further confirm that the mineralization of the deposit occurred in the late Early Cretaceous,which coincides with the extension of the continental margin induced by subduction of the Pacific Plate beneath the Eurasian Plate.The formation of the ore deposit was proceeded by a series of magmatic and hydrothermal events,including melting of enriched juvenile crust,upwelling,the eruption and emplacement of the rhyolitic magma,the exsolution and accumulation of magmatic hydrothermal fluid,decompression,the cooling and immiscibility/boiling of the fluid,and mixing of the magmatic fluid with meteoric water,in association with water-rock interaction.

不同方法检测食品中大肠埃希氏菌O157:H7/HM能力验证结果比较与分析

为提高实验室对食品中大肠埃希氏菌O157∶H7的检验检测能力,笔者单位参加了由中国检验检疫科学研究院测试评价中心组织的食品中大肠埃希氏菌O157∶H7检测能力验证计划。此次实验采用国家标准《食品安全国家标准食品微生物学检验大肠埃希氏菌O157∶H7/NM检验》(GB 4789.36—2016)中的第一法和实时荧光PCR方法,分别对能力验证样品进行检测。结果显示,样品23-G520中未检出大肠埃希氏菌O157∶H7;样品23-F568中检出大肠埃希氏菌O157∶H7,结果反馈为满意。在能力验证实验中,不同检测方法同时使用、综合判断,能有效提高检测能力和结果的准确性。

一种可快速检测大肠杆菌O157:H7的纸基传感器的制备与应用

大肠杆菌O157:H7是一种致病性较强的食源性细菌,通常在生制食品中被检出,一旦被人体摄入会引发肠道疾病,严重危害公众健康。本研究制备了功能化的长余辉探针,并结合适配体的特异性识别功能构建了能快速检测大肠杆菌O157:H7的纸基传感器,检出限达7.5×10^(3) CFU·mL^(-1)。该传感器可同时检测3个样品,具有特异性好、操作简便和环境友好的特点,可应用于大量样品中大肠杆菌O157:H7的快速筛查。