To address the challenges of video copyright protection and ensure the perfect recovery of original video,we propose a dual-domain watermarking scheme for digital video,inspired by Robust Reversible Watermarking(RRW)t...To address the challenges of video copyright protection and ensure the perfect recovery of original video,we propose a dual-domain watermarking scheme for digital video,inspired by Robust Reversible Watermarking(RRW)technology used in digital images.Our approach introduces a parameter optimization strategy that incre-mentally adjusts scheme parameters through attack simulation fitting,allowing for adaptive tuning of experimental parameters.In this scheme,the low-frequency Polar Harmonic Transform(PHT)moment is utilized as the embedding domain for robust watermarking,enhancing stability against simulation attacks while implementing the parameter optimization strategy.Through extensive attack simulations across various digital videos,we identify the optimal low-frequency PHT moment using adaptive normalization.Subsequently,the embedding parameters for robust watermarking are adaptively adjusted to maximize robustness.To address computational efficiency and practical requirements,the unnormalized high-frequency PHT moment is selected as the embedding domain for reversible watermarking.We optimize the traditional single-stage extended transform dithering modulation(STDM)to facilitate multi-stage embedding in the dual-domain watermarking process.In practice,the video embedded with a robust watermark serves as the candidate video.This candidate video undergoes simulation according to the parameter optimization strategy to balance robustness and embedding capacity,with adaptive determination of embedding strength.The reversible watermarking is formed by combining errors and other information,utilizing recursive coding technology to ensure reversibility without attacks.Comprehensive analyses of multiple performance indicators demonstrate that our scheme exhibits strong robustness against Common Signal Processing(CSP)and Geometric Deformation(GD)attacks,outperforming other advanced video watermarking algorithms under similar conditions of invisibility,reversibility,and embedding capacity.This underscores the effectiveness and feasibility of our attack simulation fitting strategy.展开更多
The current article intends to introduce the reader to the concept of injective and projective modules and to describe the CFT. We present a clear view to show the homological algebra and injective and projective modu...The current article intends to introduce the reader to the concept of injective and projective modules and to describe the CFT. We present a clear view to show the homological algebra and injective and projective modules.展开更多
The simple modules for electrical Lie algebra of type D5 were investigated.The sufficient and necessary criteria of the simple Z-graded highest weight modules were established by means of determining the singular vect...The simple modules for electrical Lie algebra of type D5 were investigated.The sufficient and necessary criteria of the simple Z-graded highest weight modules were established by means of determining the singular vectors of the Verma modules.The simple highest weight module is isomorphic to either that for the symplectic Lie algebra sp4 or Verma module.展开更多
For any additive subgroup M of a field F and α∈F such that 2α∈M ,there are two classes of generalized super-Virasoro algebras denoted by SVir [M,α] and SVir [M,α] by Su and Zhao. The latter is in fact a tr...For any additive subgroup M of a field F and α∈F such that 2α∈M ,there are two classes of generalized super-Virasoro algebras denoted by SVir [M,α] and SVir [M,α] by Su and Zhao. The latter is in fact a trivial extension of the former. In this paper,based on the discussion on isomorphisms,the Verma modules of Svir [ M,α] are studied,and the irreducibility of these modules are obtained.展开更多
In this paper we define and study chain conditions for Hilbert C*-modules through their C*-algebras of compact operators and discuss their perseverance under Morita equivalence and tensor products. We show that thes...In this paper we define and study chain conditions for Hilbert C*-modules through their C*-algebras of compact operators and discuss their perseverance under Morita equivalence and tensor products. We show that these chain conditions are passed from the C*-algebra to its Hilbert module under certain conditions. We also study chain conditions for Hilbert modules coming from inclusion of C*-algebra with a faithful conditional expectation.展开更多
Non-isomorphic two dimensional indecomposable modules over infinite dimensional hereditary path algebras are described. We infer that none of them can be determined by their dimension vectors.
This paper,mainly gives the structure theorem for module coalgebras by a kind of new method,and deletes the condition that the antipode S of the Hopf algebra H is bijective.
In this paper, the module coradical is introduced. From this, we show that any Hopf module coalgebra which is local finite can be uniquely decomposed into a direct sum of its indecomposable components. This result is ...In this paper, the module coradical is introduced. From this, we show that any Hopf module coalgebra which is local finite can be uniquely decomposed into a direct sum of its indecomposable components. This result is a generalization of the decompostion theorem of coalgebra.展开更多
In this paper,we classify the simple uniformly bounded weight modules for the vector eld Lie algebra W1 of in nite rank.It turns out that any such modules are intermediate series modules.This result is very di erent f...In this paper,we classify the simple uniformly bounded weight modules for the vector eld Lie algebra W1 of in nite rank.It turns out that any such modules are intermediate series modules.This result is very di erent from the vector eld Lie algebra Wd of nite rank.展开更多
In this paper we develope the notions of crossed coproduct of Hopf algebras and study an equivalent theorem of generalized crossed coproduct of H weakly comodule coalgebras and H module coalgebras. The main result is ...In this paper we develope the notions of crossed coproduct of Hopf algebras and study an equivalent theorem of generalized crossed coproduct of H weakly comodule coalgebras and H module coalgebras. The main result is to prove a structure theorem about B cocleft H module coalgebras.展开更多
The Nappi-Witten Lie algebra was first introduced by C. Nappi and E. Witten in the study of Wess-Zumino-Novikov-Witten (WZNW) models. They showed that the WZNW model (NW model) based on a central extension of the two-...The Nappi-Witten Lie algebra was first introduced by C. Nappi and E. Witten in the study of Wess-Zumino-Novikov-Witten (WZNW) models. They showed that the WZNW model (NW model) based on a central extension of the two-dimensional Euclidean group describes the homogeneous four-dimensional space-time corresponding to a gravitational plane wave. The associated Lie algebra is neither abelian nor semisimple. Recently K. Christodoulopoulou studied the irreducible Whittaker modules for finite- and infinite-dimensional Heisenberg algebras and for the Lie algebra obtained by adjoining a degree derivation to an infinite-dimensional Heisenberg algebra, and used these modules to construct a new class of modules for non-twisted affine algebras, which are called imaginary Whittaker modules. In this paper, imaginary Whittaker modules of the twisted affine Nappi-Witten Lie algebra are constructed based on Whittaker modules of Heisenberg algebras. It is proved that the imaginary Whittaker module with the center acting as a non-zero scalar is irreducible.展开更多
It’s created a canonical Lie algebra in electrodynamics with all the “nice” algebraic and geometrical properties of an universal enveloping algebra with the goal of can to obtain generalizations in quantum electrod...It’s created a canonical Lie algebra in electrodynamics with all the “nice” algebraic and geometrical properties of an universal enveloping algebra with the goal of can to obtain generalizations in quantum electrodynamics theory of the TQFT, and the Universe based in lines and twistor bundles to the obtaining of irreducible unitary representations of the Lie groups SO(4) ?andO(3,1) , based in admissible representations of U(1) , and SU(n)? . The obtained object haves the advantages to be an algebraic or geometrical space at the same time. This same space of £-modules can explain and model different electromagnetic phenomena in superconductor and quantum processes where is necessary an organized transformation of the electromagnetic nature of the space- time and obtain nanotechnologies of the space-time and their elements.展开更多
As in homology, the notion of injectivity is introduced in the category whose objects are Hilbert C * module over a C * algebra and whose morphism are bounded module operators. The definition of injective envelope...As in homology, the notion of injectivity is introduced in the category whose objects are Hilbert C * module over a C * algebra and whose morphism are bounded module operators. The definition of injective envelopes of an extension of a Hilbert C * modules over a C * algebra is introduced, and is characterized in terms of the injectivity and essence. It is shown that every Hilbert C * module has a unique (up to H isometrics) injective envelope if it exists. It is also shown that an extension of a Hilbert C * module is an injective envelope if and only if it is an injective and essential extension. Moreover, every Hilbert C * module over a W * algebra has a unique (up to H isometrics) injective envelope and the injective envelope of a Hilbert C * module H is maximal essential extension of H .展开更多
The linear operations of the equivalent classes of crossed modules of Lie color algebras are studied. The set of the equivalent classes of crossed modules is proved to be a vector space, which is isomorphic with the h...The linear operations of the equivalent classes of crossed modules of Lie color algebras are studied. The set of the equivalent classes of crossed modules is proved to be a vector space, which is isomorphic with the homogeneous components of degree zero of the third cohomology group of Lie color algebras. As an application of this theory, the crossed modules of Witt type Lie color algebras is described, and the result is proved that there is only one equivalent class of the crossed modules of Witt type Lie color algebras when the abelian group Г is equal to Г+. Finally, for a Witt type Lie color algebra, the classification of its crossed modules is obtained by the isomorphism between the third cohomology group and the crossed modules.展开更多
In this paper we first prove the PBW theorem for reduced universal enveloping algebras of restricted Lie superalgebras. Then the notion of an induced module is introduced and the dimension formula of induced modules i...In this paper we first prove the PBW theorem for reduced universal enveloping algebras of restricted Lie superalgebras. Then the notion of an induced module is introduced and the dimension formula of induced modules is established. Finally, using the results above, we obtain a property of induced modules pertaining to automorphisms of Lie superalgebras and isomorphisms of modules.展开更多
We classify modules which are free of rank 1 when restricted to the negative part for the Euclidean Lie algebra.Sufficient and necessary conditions for the simplicity of these modules are given.From these modules we c...We classify modules which are free of rank 1 when restricted to the negative part for the Euclidean Lie algebra.Sufficient and necessary conditions for the simplicity of these modules are given.From these modules we construct modules which are infinitely generated when restricted to the maximal toral subalgebra.展开更多
Over an algebraically closed field of characteristic p>2,based on the results on the representation theory of special linear Lie algebra sl(2),restricted simple modules L(λ) of the Schrodinger algebra S(1)are dete...Over an algebraically closed field of characteristic p>2,based on the results on the representation theory of special linear Lie algebra sl(2),restricted simple modules L(λ) of the Schrodinger algebra S(1)are determined,and all derivations of S(1)on L(λ)are also obtained.As an application,the first cohomology of S(1)with the coefficient in L(λ)is determined.展开更多
Using a fixed-point method, we establish the generalized Hyers-Ulam stability of a general mixed additive-cubic equation: f(kx + y) + f(kx - y) = kf(x + y) + kf(x - y) + 2f(kx) - 2kf(x) in Banach mod...Using a fixed-point method, we establish the generalized Hyers-Ulam stability of a general mixed additive-cubic equation: f(kx + y) + f(kx - y) = kf(x + y) + kf(x - y) + 2f(kx) - 2kf(x) in Banach modules over a unital Banach algebra.展开更多
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62202496,62272478the Basic Frontier Innovation Project of Engineering University of People Armed Police under Grant WJY202314,WJY202221.
文摘To address the challenges of video copyright protection and ensure the perfect recovery of original video,we propose a dual-domain watermarking scheme for digital video,inspired by Robust Reversible Watermarking(RRW)technology used in digital images.Our approach introduces a parameter optimization strategy that incre-mentally adjusts scheme parameters through attack simulation fitting,allowing for adaptive tuning of experimental parameters.In this scheme,the low-frequency Polar Harmonic Transform(PHT)moment is utilized as the embedding domain for robust watermarking,enhancing stability against simulation attacks while implementing the parameter optimization strategy.Through extensive attack simulations across various digital videos,we identify the optimal low-frequency PHT moment using adaptive normalization.Subsequently,the embedding parameters for robust watermarking are adaptively adjusted to maximize robustness.To address computational efficiency and practical requirements,the unnormalized high-frequency PHT moment is selected as the embedding domain for reversible watermarking.We optimize the traditional single-stage extended transform dithering modulation(STDM)to facilitate multi-stage embedding in the dual-domain watermarking process.In practice,the video embedded with a robust watermark serves as the candidate video.This candidate video undergoes simulation according to the parameter optimization strategy to balance robustness and embedding capacity,with adaptive determination of embedding strength.The reversible watermarking is formed by combining errors and other information,utilizing recursive coding technology to ensure reversibility without attacks.Comprehensive analyses of multiple performance indicators demonstrate that our scheme exhibits strong robustness against Common Signal Processing(CSP)and Geometric Deformation(GD)attacks,outperforming other advanced video watermarking algorithms under similar conditions of invisibility,reversibility,and embedding capacity.This underscores the effectiveness and feasibility of our attack simulation fitting strategy.
文摘The current article intends to introduce the reader to the concept of injective and projective modules and to describe the CFT. We present a clear view to show the homological algebra and injective and projective modules.
基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(No.2232021G13)。
文摘The simple modules for electrical Lie algebra of type D5 were investigated.The sufficient and necessary criteria of the simple Z-graded highest weight modules were established by means of determining the singular vectors of the Verma modules.The simple highest weight module is isomorphic to either that for the symplectic Lie algebra sp4 or Verma module.
基金TheNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina (No .10 1710 64 )
文摘For any additive subgroup M of a field F and α∈F such that 2α∈M ,there are two classes of generalized super-Virasoro algebras denoted by SVir [M,α] and SVir [M,α] by Su and Zhao. The latter is in fact a trivial extension of the former. In this paper,based on the discussion on isomorphisms,the Verma modules of Svir [ M,α] are studied,and the irreducibility of these modules are obtained.
文摘In this paper we define and study chain conditions for Hilbert C*-modules through their C*-algebras of compact operators and discuss their perseverance under Morita equivalence and tensor products. We show that these chain conditions are passed from the C*-algebra to its Hilbert module under certain conditions. We also study chain conditions for Hilbert modules coming from inclusion of C*-algebra with a faithful conditional expectation.
基金The NSF(11371307)of ChinaResearch Culture Funds(2014xmpy11)of Anhui Normal University
文摘Non-isomorphic two dimensional indecomposable modules over infinite dimensional hereditary path algebras are described. We infer that none of them can be determined by their dimension vectors.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(10871170) Supported by the Educational Minister Science Technology Key Foundation of China(108154)
文摘This paper,mainly gives the structure theorem for module coalgebras by a kind of new method,and deletes the condition that the antipode S of the Hopf algebra H is bijective.
文摘In this paper, the module coradical is introduced. From this, we show that any Hopf module coalgebra which is local finite can be uniquely decomposed into a direct sum of its indecomposable components. This result is a generalization of the decompostion theorem of coalgebra.
文摘In this paper,we classify the simple uniformly bounded weight modules for the vector eld Lie algebra W1 of in nite rank.It turns out that any such modules are intermediate series modules.This result is very di erent from the vector eld Lie algebra Wd of nite rank.
文摘In this paper we develope the notions of crossed coproduct of Hopf algebras and study an equivalent theorem of generalized crossed coproduct of H weakly comodule coalgebras and H module coalgebras. The main result is to prove a structure theorem about B cocleft H module coalgebras.
文摘The Nappi-Witten Lie algebra was first introduced by C. Nappi and E. Witten in the study of Wess-Zumino-Novikov-Witten (WZNW) models. They showed that the WZNW model (NW model) based on a central extension of the two-dimensional Euclidean group describes the homogeneous four-dimensional space-time corresponding to a gravitational plane wave. The associated Lie algebra is neither abelian nor semisimple. Recently K. Christodoulopoulou studied the irreducible Whittaker modules for finite- and infinite-dimensional Heisenberg algebras and for the Lie algebra obtained by adjoining a degree derivation to an infinite-dimensional Heisenberg algebra, and used these modules to construct a new class of modules for non-twisted affine algebras, which are called imaginary Whittaker modules. In this paper, imaginary Whittaker modules of the twisted affine Nappi-Witten Lie algebra are constructed based on Whittaker modules of Heisenberg algebras. It is proved that the imaginary Whittaker module with the center acting as a non-zero scalar is irreducible.
文摘It’s created a canonical Lie algebra in electrodynamics with all the “nice” algebraic and geometrical properties of an universal enveloping algebra with the goal of can to obtain generalizations in quantum electrodynamics theory of the TQFT, and the Universe based in lines and twistor bundles to the obtaining of irreducible unitary representations of the Lie groups SO(4) ?andO(3,1) , based in admissible representations of U(1) , and SU(n)? . The obtained object haves the advantages to be an algebraic or geometrical space at the same time. This same space of £-modules can explain and model different electromagnetic phenomena in superconductor and quantum processes where is necessary an organized transformation of the electromagnetic nature of the space- time and obtain nanotechnologies of the space-time and their elements.
文摘As in homology, the notion of injectivity is introduced in the category whose objects are Hilbert C * module over a C * algebra and whose morphism are bounded module operators. The definition of injective envelopes of an extension of a Hilbert C * modules over a C * algebra is introduced, and is characterized in terms of the injectivity and essence. It is shown that every Hilbert C * module has a unique (up to H isometrics) injective envelope if it exists. It is also shown that an extension of a Hilbert C * module is an injective envelope if and only if it is an injective and essential extension. Moreover, every Hilbert C * module over a W * algebra has a unique (up to H isometrics) injective envelope and the injective envelope of a Hilbert C * module H is maximal essential extension of H .
基金The Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK2012736)the Natural Science Foundation of Chuzhou University(No.2010kj006Z)
文摘The linear operations of the equivalent classes of crossed modules of Lie color algebras are studied. The set of the equivalent classes of crossed modules is proved to be a vector space, which is isomorphic with the homogeneous components of degree zero of the third cohomology group of Lie color algebras. As an application of this theory, the crossed modules of Witt type Lie color algebras is described, and the result is proved that there is only one equivalent class of the crossed modules of Witt type Lie color algebras when the abelian group Г is equal to Г+. Finally, for a Witt type Lie color algebra, the classification of its crossed modules is obtained by the isomorphism between the third cohomology group and the crossed modules.
文摘In this paper we first prove the PBW theorem for reduced universal enveloping algebras of restricted Lie superalgebras. Then the notion of an induced module is introduced and the dimension formula of induced modules is established. Finally, using the results above, we obtain a property of induced modules pertaining to automorphisms of Lie superalgebras and isomorphisms of modules.
基金supported by NSF of China(11801117,11971315)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,China(2018A030313268)partially supported by NSFof China(11801390).
文摘We classify modules which are free of rank 1 when restricted to the negative part for the Euclidean Lie algebra.Sufficient and necessary conditions for the simplicity of these modules are given.From these modules we construct modules which are infinitely generated when restricted to the maximal toral subalgebra.
文摘Over an algebraically closed field of characteristic p>2,based on the results on the representation theory of special linear Lie algebra sl(2),restricted simple modules L(λ) of the Schrodinger algebra S(1)are determined,and all derivations of S(1)on L(λ)are also obtained.As an application,the first cohomology of S(1)with the coefficient in L(λ)is determined.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10671013,60972089,11171022)
文摘Using a fixed-point method, we establish the generalized Hyers-Ulam stability of a general mixed additive-cubic equation: f(kx + y) + f(kx - y) = kf(x + y) + kf(x - y) + 2f(kx) - 2kf(x) in Banach modules over a unital Banach algebra.