Novel H1N1 influenza A virus infection in a patient with acute rejection after liver transplantation

BACKGROUND:The 2009 H1N1 influenza A virus was first identified in April 2009 and rapidly evolved into a pandemic. Recipients of solid-organ transplants have a higher risk for severe infection because of immunosuppression.There are limited reports of 2009 H1N1 influenza in liver transplant recipients,especially in China. METHODS:We present a case of a 48-year-old male liver transplant recipient with 2009 H1N1 influenza A virus.He received therapy for acute rejection after transplantation and was confirmed with H1N1 virus infection. RESULTS:The patient was started on oseltamivir(75 mg, orally twice daily)and had a benign hospital course,with defervescence and resolution of symptoms within 72 hours. The follow-up chest radiograph after discharge was normal. CONCLUSIONS:The 2009 H1N1 influenza in this hospitalized transplant recipient was relatively mild,and prolonged viral shedding was not noted.Oseltamivir can be a valid measure in immunocompromised individuals.

Traditional Chinese medicine as monotherapy or combined with oseltamivir in the treatment of H1N1 influenza:a systematic review and meta-analysis

Objective This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine,alone or in combination with oseltamivir,in patients with H1N1 Influenza.Methods In the present study,we searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials,PUBMED,EMBASE,Chinese Biomedical Literature Database,China Science and Technology Journal Database,China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database,and WanFang Data for studies published in or before February 8,2022.Data were extracted and checked by two investigators.Review Manager 5.4 and STATA statistical software 16.0 were used for the data analysis.Results We identified 22 individual studies reporting data from 2292 individuals with H1N1 influenza.Compared with oseltamivir,the fever clearance duration[MD=-3.99,95%CI(-6.89,-1.09)]and sore throat relief time[MD=-5.39,95%CI(-10.19,-0.59)]in the intervention group of traditional Chinese medicine monotherapy or combined with oseltamivir were shorter.Maxingshigan was the primary component of Lianhuaqingwen.The subgroup analyses indicated that Maxingshigan shortened fever clearance time[MD=-3.23,95%CI(-5.60,-0.85)],and also had certain advantages in relieving sore throat[RR=-4.55,95%CI(-10.04,0.95)].However,as for the effective rate,fever duration,cough disappearance time,hospital length of stay,clinical symptoms time as well as viral shedding duration,there were no significant differences between the two groups.Besides,no serious adverse effects were reported in the included studies.Conclusion Although we couldn’t get a definitive conclusion due to the small sample sizes and high risk of bias in the included studies,most traditional Chinese medicine showed similar effects to oseltamivir in treating H1N1 influenza.Some were showed to have a statistically significant shorter time of fever clearance and sore throat remission when they were used alone or in combination with oseltamivir and were well-tolerated treatment,such as Maxingshigan.

The interaction between the 2009 H1N1 influenza A hemagglutinin and neuraminidase: mutations, co-mutations, and the NA stalk motifs

As the world is closely watching the current 2009 H1N1 pandemic unfold, there is a great interest and need in understanding its origin, genetic structures, virulence, and pathogenicity. The two surface proteins, hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA), of the influenza virus have been the focus of most flu research due to their crucial biological functions. In our previous study on 2009 H1N1, three aspects of NA were investigated: the mutations and co-mutations, the stalk motifs, and the phylogenetic analysis. In this study, we turned our attention to HA and the interaction between HA and NA. The 118 mutations of 2009 H1N1 HA were found and mapped to the 3D homology model of H1, and the mutations on the five epitope regions on H1 were identified. This information is essential for developing new drugs and vaccine. The distinct response patterns of HA to the changes of NA stalk motifs were discovered, illustrating the functional dependence between HA and NA. With help from our previous results, two co-mutation networks were uncovered, one in HA and one in NA, where each mutation in one network co-mutates with the mutations in the other network across the two proteins HA and NA. These two networks residing in HA and NA separately may provide a functional linkage between the mutations that can impact the drug binding sites in NA and those that can affect the host immune response or vaccine efficacy in HA. Our findings demonstrated the value of conducting timely analysis on the 2009 H1N1 virus and of the integrated approach to studying both surface proteins HA and NA together to reveal their interdependence, which could not be accomplished by studying them individually.

Subtle differences in receptor binding specificity and gene sequences of the 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza virus

A recent phylogenetic inference indicated that the 2009 pandemic H1N1 strains circulating from March 2009 to September 2009 could be divided into two closely related but distinct clusters. Cluster one contained most strains from Mexico, Texas, and California, and cluster two had most strains from New York, both of which were reported to co-circulate in all continents. The same study further revealed nine nucleotide changes in six gene segments of the new virus specific for the two clusters. In the current study, the informational spectrum method (ISM), a bioinformatics technique, was employed to study the receptor binding patterns of the two clusters. It discovered that while both groups shared the same primary human binding affinity, their secondary binding preferences were different. Cluster one favored swine binding as its secondary binding pattern, whereas cluster two mostly exhibited the binding specificity of A/South Carolina/1/18 (H1N1) (one of the 1918 flu pandemic strains) as its secondary binding pattern. Besides all the nine nucleotide changes found in the previous study, Random Forests were applied to uncover several new nucleotide polymorphisms in 10 genes of the strains between the two clusters, and several amino acid changes in the HA protein that might be accountable for the discrepancy of the secondary receptor binding patterns of the two clusters. Finally, entropy analysis was conducted to present a global view of gene sequence variations between the two clusters, which illustrated that cluster one had much higher genetic divergence than cluster two. Furthermore, it suggested a significant overall correspondence between the nucleotide positions of high importance in differentiating the two clusters and nucleotide positions of high entropy in cluster one.

Gene Expression Profiles Comparison between 2009 Pandemic and Seasonal H1N1 Influenza Viruses in A549 Cells

Objective To perform gene expression profiles comparison so that to identify and understand the potential differences in pathogenesis between the pandemic and seasonal A （H1N1） influenza viruses. Methods A549 cells were infected with A/California/07/09 （H1N1） and A/GuangdongBaoan/51/08 （H1N1） respectively at the same MOI of 2 and collected at 2, 4, 8, and 24 h post infection （p.i.）. Gene expression profiles of A549 cells were obtained using the 22 K Human Genome Oligo Array, and differentially expressed genes were analyzed at selected time points. Results Microarrays results indicated that both of the viruses suppressed host immune response related pathways including cytokine production while pandemic H1N1 virus displayed weaker suppression of host immune response than seasonal H1N1 virus. Observation on similar anti-apoptotic events such as activation of apoptosis inhibitor and down-regulation of key genes of apoptosis pathways in both infections showed that activities of promoting apoptosis were different in later stage of infection. Conclusion The immuno-suppression and anti-apoptosis events of pandemic H1N1 virus were similar to those seen by seasonal H1N1 virus. The pandemic H1N1 virus had an ability to inhibit biological pathways associated with cytokine responses, NK activation and macrophage recognition .

Successful High-Dosage Dexamethasone Treatment of H1N1 Influenza A Pneumonia Complicated with Acute Necrotizing Encephalitis in an HIV-Infected Adult

Neurological manifestations in H1N1 influenza A infection are very rare, especially in adults, and its mechanism of action is still uncertain. Here, we reported the case of a 53-year-old woman with human immunodeficiency virus infection (HIV) who had H1N1 influenza A pneumonia complicated with very rare acute necrotizing encephalitis, although the HIV was under control. With prompt identification and administration of high dosage of dexamethasone, her mental status improved from stupor to clear, with minimal right hemiparesis. Further, brain magnetic resonance image revealed great resolution of mass effect. This dramatic improvement in response to the treatment may improve our understanding of the pathophysiology between H1N1 influenza A infection and acute necrotizing encephalitis.

Higher Viral Load and Prolonged Viral Shedding Period is Associated with Impaired Th17 Cell Response in Patients with H1N1 Influenza A

Objective To explore whether age,disease severity,cytokines and lymphocytes in H1N1 influenza A patients correlate with viral load and clearance.Methods Total of 70 mild and 16 severe patients infected with H1N1 influenza A virus were enrolled in this study.Results It was found that the patients under 14 years old and severe patients displayed significantly higher viral loads and prolonged viral shedding periods compared with the patients over 14 years old and mild patients,respectively(P < 0.05).Moreover,the patients under 14 years old and severe patients displayed significantly lower Th17 cell frequency than the patients over 14 years old and mild patients(P < 0.01).The viral shedding period inversely correlated with the frequency of IL-17+IFN-γ-CD4+ T cells.Additionally,the decreased concentration of serum TGF-β correlated with the decreased frequency of IL-17+IFN-γ-CD4+ T cells.Conclusions Both younger and severe patients are associated with higher viral loads and longer viral shedding periods,which may partially be attributed to the impaired Th17 cell response.

Novel host markers in the 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza a virus

The winter of 2009 witnessed the concurrent spread of 2009 pandemic H1N1 with 2009 seasonal H1N1. It is clinically important to develop knowledge of the key features of these two different viruses that make them unique. A robust pattern recognition technique, Random Forests, was employed to uncover essential amino acid markers to differentiate the two viruses. Some of these markers were also part of the previously discovered genomic signature that separate avian or swine from human viruses. Much research to date in search of host markers in 2009 pandemic H1N1 has been primarily limited in the context of traditional markers of avian-human or swine-human host shifts. However, many of the molecular markers for adaptation to human hosts or to the emergence of a pandemic virus do not exist in 2009 pandemic H1N1, implying that other previously unrecognized molecular determinants are accountable for its capability to infect humans. The current study aimed to explore novel host markers in the proteins of 2009 pandemic H1N1 that were not present in those classical markers, thus providing fresh and unique insight into the adaptive genetic modifications that could lead to the generation of this new virus. Random Forests were used to find 18 such markers in HA, 15 in NA, 9 in PB2, 11 in PB1, 13 in PA, 10 in NS1, 1 in NS2, 11 in NP, 3 in M1, and 1 in M2. The amino acids at many of these novel sites in 2009 pandemic H1N1 were distinct from those in avian, human, and swine viruses that were identical at these positions, reflecting the uniqueness of these novel sites.

Screening of Potent Inhibitor of H1N1 Influenza NS1 CPSF30 Binding Pocket by Molecular Docking

The swine flu, H1N1 virus was outbroken in Mexico and the United States in April 2009 and then rapidly spread worldwide. The World Health Organization declared that the outbreak of influenza is caused by a new subtype of influenza H1N1 influenza virus. And researchers have isolated some oseltamivir resistance strains in 2009 swine flu which makes the imminency of research and development of new anti influenza drug. The CPSF30 binding pocket of effector domain in NS1 protein is very important in the replication of influanza A virus and is a new attractive anti flu drug target. But up to now there is no antiviral drug target this pocket. Here we employ molecular docking to screening of about 200,000 compounds. We find four novel compounds with high binding energy. Binding comformation analysis revealed that these small molecules can interact with the binding pocket by some strong hydrophobic interaction. This study find some novel small molecules can be used as lead compounds in the development of new antiinfluenza drug based on CPSF30 pocket.

Intergenic subset organization within a set of geographically-defined viral sequences from the 2009 H1N1 influenza A pandemic

We report a bioinformatic analysis of the datasets of sequences of all ten genes from the 2009 H1N1 influenza A pandemic in the state of Wisconsin. The gene with the greatest summed information entropy was found to be the hemagglutinin (HA) gene. Based upon the viral ID identifier of the HA gene sequence, the sequences of all of the genes were sorted into two subsets, depending upon whether the nucleotide occupying the position of maximum entropy, position 658 of the HA sequence, was either A or U. It was found that the information entropy (H) distributions of subsets differed significantly from each other, from H distributions of randomly generated subsets and from the H distributions of the complete datasets of each gene. Mutual information (MI) values facilitated identification of nine nucleotide positions, distributed over seven of the influenza genes, at which the nucleotide subsets were disjoint, or almost disjoint. Nucleotide frequencies at these nine positions were used to compute mutual information values that subsequently served as weighting factors for edges in a graph net-work. Seven of the nucleotide positions in the graph network are sites of synonymous mutations. Three of these sites of synonymous mutation are within a single gene, the M1 gene, which occupied the position of greatest graph centrality. It is proposed that these bioinformatic and network graph results may reflect alterations in M1-mediated viral packaging and exteriorization, known to be susceptible to synonymous mutations.

射干止咳胶囊体内外抗甲型H1N1流感病毒作用初探

目的初步探讨射干止咳胶囊对甲型H1N1流感病毒的体内外抗病毒作用。方法通过细胞病变效应(cytopathic effect,CPE)结合MTT法考察射干止咳胶囊体外抑制甲型H1N1流感病毒活性的作用;采用小鼠滴鼻法感染甲型H1N1流感病毒为模型,观察射干止咳胶囊对甲型H1N1流感病毒的体内抗病毒作用。结果体外抗病毒试验结果显示,射干止咳胶囊对甲型H1N1流感病毒的最高抑制率为11.86%,提示在攻毒剂量为100TCID_(50)的条件下,射干止咳胶囊在体外对甲型H1N1流感病毒的抑制作用不明显。小鼠滴鼻感染5LD_(50)的甲型H1N1流感病毒,射干止咳胶囊低、中、高剂量组小鼠的死亡率分别为30%、10%、30%,死亡保护率达50%、70%、50%,平均生存天数分别为13 d、14 d、13 d,说明各给药组对攻毒小鼠具有较好的死亡保护作用。结论射干止咳胶囊体外抗甲型H1N1流感病毒的作用不显著,但射干止咳胶囊各剂量组对甲型H1N1流感病毒攻毒致小鼠死亡却具有明显的保护作用。

甲型流感病毒H1N1型灭活病毒标准物质研究

以人工培养真实病毒为原料,研制了一种甲型流感病毒H1N1型灭活病毒标准物质。该标准物质经化学灭活及灭活效果验证后,联合多家实验室采用数字PCR定量检测方法对拷贝数浓度进行定值,对标准物质的均匀性、稳定性及不确定度进行了评估。结果显示该标准物质均匀性良好,在-80~-70℃保存条件下稳定保存5个月,标准物质最终定值结果为(1384.5±249.3)copies/μL(k=2)。该标准物质可为H1N1型甲型流感病毒检测的全过程提供计量溯源和质量控制支撑,有助于提升相关核酸检测结果的准确性和可靠性。

感冒清热片防治甲型H1N1流感病毒感染的药效学研究

目的探讨感冒清热片防治甲型H1N1流感病毒感染的药效学情况。方法108例甲型H1N1流感病毒感染患者,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组54例。对照组使用磷酸奥司他韦治疗,观察组在对照组治疗基础上使用感冒清热片治疗。比较两组患者临床疗效、症状改善指标(起效时间、退热时间、止咳时间、痊愈时间)、以及治疗前后的中医证候(发热、咽痛、头痛、鼻塞流涕、咳嗽、乏力)积分、血清炎性因子[C反应蛋白(CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)]。结果观察组治疗总有效率96.30%高于对照组的77.78%(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组患者发热、咽痛、头痛、鼻塞流涕、咳嗽、乏力评分分别为(0.83±0.24)、(1.12±0.30)、(1.07±0.29)、(1.03±0.32)、(1.05±0.33)、(1.09±0.28)分,均低于对照组的(1.46±0.37)、(2.31±0.58)、(2.14±0.52)、(2.25±0.63)、(2.36±0.61)、(2.42±0.65)分(P<0.05)。观察组起效时间(1.03±0.34)d、退热时间(1.56±0.40)d、止咳时间(4.35±0.68)d、痊愈时间(6.63±1.26)d均短于对照组的(2.32±0.57)、(2.63±0.74)、(7.24±1.16)、(9.38±1.72)d(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组CRP(2.11±0.56)mg/L、TNF-α(19.34±2.20)μg/L、IL-6(4.02±0.54)ng/L均低于对照组的(4.83±0.69)mg/L、(25.89±2.73)μg/L、(6.13±0.62)ng/L(P<0.05)。结论感冒清热片防治甲型H1N1流感病毒感染的疗效显著,能有效缓解证候,加快症状缓解速度,提高抗炎作用。

基于生物信息学分析甲型H1N1流感病毒性肺炎的生物标志物

目的通过基于基因表达综合(GEO)数据集的生物信息学方法筛选和分析甲型H1N1流感病毒性肺炎的潜在生物标志物。方法从GEO数据库获取甲型H1N1流感病毒性肺炎的数据集,并筛选差异表达基因,使用STRING 12.0数据库和Cytoscape 3.9.1软件对这些差异表达基因进行分析并筛选出Hub基因,使用DAVID数据库对这些差异表达基因进行功能富集分析。结果筛选出1019个差异表达基因,其中上调基因522个,下调基因497个。富集结果显示,这些差异表达基因的功能主要富集于细胞质、蛋白质磷酸化、免疫应答、补体成分、激酶活性、T细胞受体信号通路及FoxO信号通路等。最终确定了CDK1、CCNA2、CCNB2、CDC20、TOP2A、KIF20A、DLGAP5、BUB1、KIF11和TPX2为Hub基因。结论本研究阐明了10个Hub基因(CDK1、CCNA2、CCNB2、CDC20、TOP2A、KIF20A、DLGAP5、BUB1、KIF11和TPX2)有可能作为甲型H1N1流感病毒性肺炎诊断和治疗的潜在生物标志物,但仍需更多的实验来进一步探索这些Hub基因在甲型H1N1流感病毒性肺炎中的具体机制。

解表清里方干预甲型H1N1流行性感冒小鼠的抗病毒作用机制

目的:探讨解表清里方对甲型H1N1流行性感冒小鼠的抗病毒作用机制。方法:用随机数字法将36只7周龄雌性BalB/c小鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、西药组及解表清里方高剂量组、中剂量组、低剂量组,每组6只。空白组给予等量生理盐水滴鼻,其余组小鼠给予甲型流感病毒液于左侧鼻孔滴鼻,每只50μL。造模2 h后,西药组给予0.037 5 g/(kg·d)磷酸奥司他韦灌胃;解表清里方高剂量组、中剂量组、低剂量组分别给予6.05 g/(kg·d)、3.02 g/(kg·d)、1.51 g/(kg·d)解表清里方灌胃。空白组及模型组同时给予生理盐水0.2 mL灌胃,均1次/d,连续5 d。对比各组肺指数、胸腺指数和脾脏指数,肺组织病理变化,肺组织中乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)表达,肺悬液中病毒基因及磷脂酰肌醇3激酶(PI3K)、蛋白激酶B(AKT)、糖原合酶激酶3β(GSK-3β)mRNA表达,肺组织中PI3K、AKT、GSK-3β蛋白表达。结果:动物实验结果显示,与模型组相比,西药组和中药高剂量组能降低小鼠肺指数(P<0.05),其他组别能降低肺指数、升高胸腺指数和脾脏指数,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);解表清里方高、中剂量组能减轻小鼠肺部病变程度,西药组、解表清里方高、中剂量组能降低小鼠肺组织中M、NS2病毒基因复制水平(P<0.01或P<0.05);西药组和解表清里方高剂量组能降低小鼠肺组织中mTOR表达水平;西药组、解表清里方高剂量和中剂量组均能显著下调PI3K、AKT和GSK-3β蛋白和mRNA的表达水平(P<0.01或P<0.05)解表清里方低剂量组在各个方面与模型组相差不显著。结论:解表清里方甲型H1N1流感小鼠有抗病毒作用,其作用机制可能与抑制PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β信号通路中关键蛋白PI3K、AKT、GSK-3β、mTOR表达有关。

奥密克戎与甲型H1N1病毒性肺炎CT特征对比:初发及随访

目的比较新型冠状病毒奥密克戎变异株及甲型H1N1病毒性肺炎的CT影像特征,并探究影响两种肺炎吸收过程的相关因素。资料与方法回顾性收集2022年12月—2023年3月民航总医院奥密克戎病毒性肺炎影响43例(奥密克戎组)和甲型H1N1病毒性肺炎30例(甲流组),对比两组患者的临床资料[年龄、性别、症状(有无发热)、症状持续时间,白细胞、单核细胞、淋巴细胞、中性粒细胞、C反应蛋白等]和初发及随访CT影像学特征[病变密度、分布、征象以及CT严重程度定性评分(CTSS)]。结果奥密克戎组平均年龄高于甲流组[(68.61±15.94)岁比(51.20±16.39)岁,P<0.0001],发热比率(58.1%比86.7%,P=0.009)和单核细胞计数[(0.40±0.16)比(0.58±0.19),P<0.0001]均低于甲流组。胸部CT显示奥密克戎组病灶分布以胸膜下为主,甲流组以胸膜下及沿支气管血管束分布为主(χ^(2)=8.592,P=0.035)。奥密克戎组较甲流组更易出现小叶间隔增厚(χ^(2)=11.753,P=0.001)、铺路石征(χ^(2)=16.216,P<0.0001)、充气支气管征(χ^(2)=16.216,P<0.0001)、胸腔积液(P=0.039)和胸膜增厚(χ^(2)=4.067,P=0.044),而甲流组比奥密克戎组更易出现结节影(χ^(2)=6.971,P=0.008)。奥密克戎组初发(Z=413,P=0.009)及随访CTSS评分(Z=107,P=0.027)均高于甲流组。奥密克戎组随访CTSS差值与初发CTSS相关性最强(r=0.689,P<0.0001)。甲流组随访CTSS差值与症状持续时间相关性最强(r=0.954,P<0.0001)。结论奥密克戎患者初发及随访病变范围均高于甲流患者,奥密克戎患者肺炎吸收程度可能与初发CTSS有关,而甲流患者可能与症状持续时间有关。

小儿豉翘清热颗粒联合奥司他韦治疗儿童甲型H1N1流感的效果及对免疫功能的影响

目的:观察小儿豉翘清热颗粒联合奥司他韦治疗儿童甲型H1N1流感的效果及对免疫功能的影响。方法:选择2021年1月—2023年1月于宿迁市第一人民医院就诊的102例甲型H1N1流感患儿作为研究对象,采用随机数表法将其分为常规组(n=51)与中药组(n=51)。两组均给予一般治疗与护理,常规组给予口服磷酸奥司他韦治疗,中药组在常规组基础上给予小儿豉翘清热颗粒口服治疗。比较两组临床疗效、中医症候积分、T淋巴细胞亚群水平与不良反应。结果:中药组治疗总有效率为96.08%,高于常规组的82.35%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,两组主症、次症积分较治疗前降低,且中药组低于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,两组CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)与CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)较治疗前升高,且中药组高于常规组,CD8^(+)较治疗前降低,且中药组低于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);中药组不良反应发生率为7.84%,高于常规组的3.92%,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:小儿豉翘清热颗粒与奥司他韦联合使用可以有效治疗儿童甲型H1N1流感,缓解临床症状,提高免疫功能,且安全性较高。

儿童清咽解热口服液治疗甲型H1N1流感患儿的临床效果

目的:探讨儿童清咽解热口服液治疗甲型H1N1流感患儿的临床效果及安全性。方法:选取2023年1—3月广东省妇幼保健院收治的91例甲型H1N1流感患儿作为研究对象,采用随机数表法将患儿分为A组(n=45)与B组(n=46)。A组在临床一般治疗基础上使用奥司他韦颗粒,B组在A组基础上予儿童清咽解热口服液治疗,两组均治疗3~5 d。观察并比较两组疾病愈显率,咽部充血、咽痛和发热症状缓解情况,布洛芬使用情况及不良反应发生情况。结果:治疗后,B组疾病愈显率为93.5%,高于A组的77.8%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。B组治疗后咽部充血、咽部疼痛症状轻于A组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。B组完全退热时间和退热起效时间短于A组,布洛芬日使用剂量和日使用频次少于A组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组均未出现不良反应。结论:儿童清咽解热口服液治疗甲型H1N1流感患儿可明显提高疗效,减轻咽部充血、咽部疼痛和发热症状,安全性佳。

基于环介导等温技术检测人甲流H1N1病毒的响应面优化分析

目的为了建立人甲型流感H1N1病毒的环介导等温扩增(LAMP)体系,本研究以H1N1病毒核酸扩增效率为指标,通过响应面分析优化探讨LAMP检测H1N1流感病毒的最佳反应条件。方法根据Box-Benhnken响应设计原理,对影响LAMP反应关键因素(甜菜碱浓度、引物浓度、反应温度)进行三因素三水平响应面法优化。同时选取60例确诊甲流临床核酸样本和60例健康受试者核酸样本,分别采用聚合酶链反应(PCR)技术和LAMP检测技术进行比对评估(评估指标包括灵敏度、特异性、准确度)。结果响应面回归模型能较好地预测LAMP检测效果与甜菜碱浓度、引物浓度和反应温度之间的关系,经过优化LAMP反应体系提高检测灵敏度和缩短反应时间。同时与PCR检测结果相比,LAMP检测实现100%的灵敏度、98.9%的特异性和99.2%的准确度,检测下限可达100 copies/ml。结论本研究建立的H1N1甲流LAMP检测是一种高效、灵敏、特异性高且不需要复杂设备的检测方法,适用于基层医疗卫生机构或居家自测,对季节性甲流病毒监测及暴发时应急检测具有重要意义。

IL-1β、IL-6、IFN-γ在甲型H1N1流感病毒性肺炎患儿血清中的表达及其与疾病预后的关系研究

目的 研究白细胞介素(IL)-1β、IL-6、γ干扰素(IFN-γ)在甲型H1N1流感病毒性肺炎患儿血清中的表达及其与疾病预后的关系。方法 选取40例甲型H1N1流感病毒性肺炎患儿作为观察组,另选取体检健康儿童40例作为对照组。所有研究对象均行酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法检测IL-1β、IL-6、IFN-γ水平。比较两组IL-1β、IL-6、IFN-γ表达水平;比较IL-1β、IL-6、IFN-γ单一检测与联合检测对甲型H1N1流感病毒性肺炎的诊断效能;比较观察组不同预后(痊愈、有效、无效)患儿IL-1β、IL-6、IFN-γ表达水平。结果 观察组IL-1β、IL-6、IFN-γ表达水平分别为(32.56±3.72)pg/ml、(15.80±3.36)pg/ml、(12.15±3.13)μg/L,均高于对照组的(6.39±1.05)pg/ml、(4.35±0.50)pg/ml、(3.61±0.42)μg/L(P<0.05)。IL-1β对甲型H1N1流感病毒性肺炎的诊断灵敏度为80.00%,特异度为77.50%;IL-6对甲型H1N1流感病毒性肺炎的诊断灵敏度为75.00%,特异度为77.50%;IFN-γ对甲型H1N1流感病毒性肺炎的诊断灵敏度为77.50%,特异度为80.00%;联合检测对甲型H1N1流感病毒性肺炎的诊断灵敏度为95.00%,特异度为55.00%;联合检测对甲型H1N1流感病毒性肺炎的诊断灵敏度均高于IL-1β、IL-6、IFN-γ单一检测,特异度低于IL-1β、IL-6、IFN-γ单一检测(P<0.05)。观察组患儿治疗后痊愈18例,有效17例,无效5例。其中痊愈患儿IL-1β、IL-6、IFN-γ表达水平均低于有效及无效患儿,有效患儿IL-1β、IL-6、IFN-γ表达水平均低于无效患儿(P<0.05)。结论 IL-1β、IL-6、IFN-γ与甲型H1N1流感病毒性肺炎患儿病情有关,上述指标对判断患儿预后有着重要价值。