H_3PO_4法制备核桃壳活性炭及其处理啤酒废水的研究

本文研究了H3PO4法制备核桃壳活性炭的工艺条件,并探讨了其处理啤酒废水的影响因素。结果表明：浸渍比1：2.5,浸渍温度60℃,H3PO4浓度60%,300℃炭化80 min,600℃活化80 min时,制备的活性炭对碘和亚甲基蓝的吸附值分别达到876.8 mg/L和170.3 mg/L;在pH7.0的条件下,采用吸附粒径为170~200目的活性炭,以1：20的料液比,在40℃下处理啤酒废水80 min,废水的CODCr去除率达到83.9%,BOD去除率达到66.5%。

H_3PO_4活化法制备污泥基活性炭吸附去除Pb^(2+)研究

以养殖废水生化处理后的剩余污泥为原料,H_3PO_4为活化剂制备污泥活性炭.将其用于对Pb^(2+)废水处理,结果表明,用H_3PO_4化学活化法在550°C活化60min时制备出污泥活性炭20mg,对pH=5.5,5mg/L的Pb^(2+)溶液、吸附80min后,吸附去除率可达98.7%:污泥活性炭对Pb^(2+)废水的吸附规律符合Langmuir吸附等温模型,饱和吸附量为42.9mg/g.

Kinetic study on selective extraction of HCl and H_3PO_4 in a microfluidic device

In the extraction method for preparing KH2PO4, one of the key processes is the selective extraction of HCI over H3PO4. In our work, extraction kinetic studies have been carried out in a microfluidic device with a coaxial microchannel, using the extractant of 33.3% （by volume） trioctylamine （TOA） dissolved in n-octanol, with differ- ent aqueous phases： the HCI solution, the H3P04 solution, and H3PO4 and KCI solutions of different concentra- tions. The changes of the extraction efficiency of HC1 and H3P04 and the selectivity for HC1 along with the residence time were investigated. We found that fast extraction kinetics could be realized in microfluidic devices, and that HC1 could be extracted faster than H3P04 due to smaller mass transfer resistance and much stronger re- action between HCI and TOA. For the extraction of H3PO4 and KC1 solutions, the selectivity for HC1 first increased and then decreased when TOA was in excess of H3PO4 in the initial feeds, and in contrast, always increased when H3PO4 was in excess of TOA in the initial feeds. The diverse changes of selectivity for HCI along with the residence time indicate that a dynamic control of selectivity in microfluidic devices may be important and accessible for im- proving the KH2P04 conversion efficiency in extraction method.

不同活化剂活化木质素基活性炭选择吸附分离CH_4/CO_2的性能比较

文章以糠醛渣为原料,分别采用CO_2,H_3PO_4和KOH活化,通过正交实验,确定了各活化法下获得最大比表面积活性炭的工艺和样本;并对3种不同活化方式下获得的活性炭样本进行了选择性吸附分离CH_4和CO_2的实验研究。实验结果表明,CO_2活化和H_3PO_4活化可以制备出微孔居多,但中孔也占一定比率的活性炭,选择性吸附分离CH_4和CO_2效果更好。而KOH活化制备出的活性炭样本基本为纯微孔活性炭。