For acquiring high energy efficiency and the maximal throughput, a new time slot structure is designed for energy harvesting(EH) cognitive radio(CR). Considering the CR system with EH and cooperative relay, a best coo...For acquiring high energy efficiency and the maximal throughput, a new time slot structure is designed for energy harvesting(EH) cognitive radio(CR). Considering the CR system with EH and cooperative relay, a best cooperative mechanism(BCM)is proposed for CR with EH. To get the optimal estimation performance, a quantum fireworks algorithm(QFA) is designed to resolve the difficulties of maximal throughput and EH, and the proposed cooperative mechanism is called as QFA-BCM. The proposed QFA combines the advantages of quantum computation theory with the fireworks algorithm(FA). Thus the QFA is able to obtain the optimal solution and its convergence performance is proved. By using the new cooperation mechanism and computing algorithm, the proposed QFA-BCM method can achieve comparable maximal throughput in the new timeslot structure. Simulation results have proved that the QFA-BCM method is superior to previous non-cooperative and cooperative mechanisms.展开更多
In the present paper,the composition of humus and the charateristics of humic acid from seven paddy soils were compared with those of upland (and/or natural) soils.Results show that:(1) in each group of the soil sampl...In the present paper,the composition of humus and the charateristics of humic acid from seven paddy soils were compared with those of upland (and/or natural) soils.Results show that:(1) in each group of the soil samples for comparison the HA/FA ratio of the humus of a paddy soil,in most cases,was appreciable higher than that of adjacent upland(and/or natural) soil derived from the same parent material;(2) the humic acid extracted from the paddy soils was characterized by a higher C/O ratio,a higher content of methoxyl groups,and a lower content of carboxyl groups than those from the corresponding upland (and/or natural) flooded soils,implying that the humic acid formed under rice cultivation is in a lower degree of humification than that formed under upland(and/or natural) conditions;and (3) the humic acid of paddy soils,however,was not always characterized by a lower aromaticity than that of the corresponding upland(and/or natural) soils.展开更多
To evaluate the video quality, we tested sample videos delivered using HTTP adaptive streaming （HAS） in LTE network. In order to establish a correlation between radio access network （RAN） performance and quality o...To evaluate the video quality, we tested sample videos delivered using HTTP adaptive streaming （HAS） in LTE network. In order to establish a correlation between radio access network （RAN） performance and quality of experience （ QoE）, we set up a testbed under different radio im- pairment conditions with three parameters： signal to interference and noise ratio （ SINR）, an amount of available network resource and a round trip latency. End users graded each video in a mobile equipment with their QoE Mearnwhile, we used a nonlinear model to simulate the comprehensive pre- dicted mean opinion score （pMOS）. Our results show that the nonlinear model can predict the enduser＇ s feedback. The pearson correlation coefficient （PCC） of the model is larger than 0. 9. This demonstrate that the output of the model has a high correlation with the end users＇ ratings and can reflect the QoE accurately. The method we developed will help mobile network operators evaluate the RAN performance of its QoE. It can also be used for HAS service to optimize LTE network and improve its QoE.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61571149)the Special China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2015T80325)+2 种基金the Heilongjiang Postdoctoral Fund(LBH-Z13054)the China Scholarship Council and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(HEUCFP201772HEUCF160808)
文摘For acquiring high energy efficiency and the maximal throughput, a new time slot structure is designed for energy harvesting(EH) cognitive radio(CR). Considering the CR system with EH and cooperative relay, a best cooperative mechanism(BCM)is proposed for CR with EH. To get the optimal estimation performance, a quantum fireworks algorithm(QFA) is designed to resolve the difficulties of maximal throughput and EH, and the proposed cooperative mechanism is called as QFA-BCM. The proposed QFA combines the advantages of quantum computation theory with the fireworks algorithm(FA). Thus the QFA is able to obtain the optimal solution and its convergence performance is proved. By using the new cooperation mechanism and computing algorithm, the proposed QFA-BCM method can achieve comparable maximal throughput in the new timeslot structure. Simulation results have proved that the QFA-BCM method is superior to previous non-cooperative and cooperative mechanisms.
文摘In the present paper,the composition of humus and the charateristics of humic acid from seven paddy soils were compared with those of upland (and/or natural) soils.Results show that:(1) in each group of the soil samples for comparison the HA/FA ratio of the humus of a paddy soil,in most cases,was appreciable higher than that of adjacent upland(and/or natural) soil derived from the same parent material;(2) the humic acid extracted from the paddy soils was characterized by a higher C/O ratio,a higher content of methoxyl groups,and a lower content of carboxyl groups than those from the corresponding upland (and/or natural) flooded soils,implying that the humic acid formed under rice cultivation is in a lower degree of humification than that formed under upland(and/or natural) conditions;and (3) the humic acid of paddy soils,however,was not always characterized by a lower aromaticity than that of the corresponding upland(and/or natural) soils.
基金Supported by China National S&T Major Project(2013ZX03003002-003)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(4152047)111Project of China(B14010)
文摘To evaluate the video quality, we tested sample videos delivered using HTTP adaptive streaming （HAS） in LTE network. In order to establish a correlation between radio access network （RAN） performance and quality of experience （ QoE）, we set up a testbed under different radio im- pairment conditions with three parameters： signal to interference and noise ratio （ SINR）, an amount of available network resource and a round trip latency. End users graded each video in a mobile equipment with their QoE Mearnwhile, we used a nonlinear model to simulate the comprehensive pre- dicted mean opinion score （pMOS）. Our results show that the nonlinear model can predict the enduser＇ s feedback. The pearson correlation coefficient （PCC） of the model is larger than 0. 9. This demonstrate that the output of the model has a high correlation with the end users＇ ratings and can reflect the QoE accurately. The method we developed will help mobile network operators evaluate the RAN performance of its QoE. It can also be used for HAS service to optimize LTE network and improve its QoE.
