Imbalance of essential trace elements viz. Zinc, Selenium, Iron, Copper and Magnesium has been reported to influence disease course in HIV-1, HBV and HCV infections by altering immune status. A study was taken up to e...Imbalance of essential trace elements viz. Zinc, Selenium, Iron, Copper and Magnesium has been reported to influence disease course in HIV-1, HBV and HCV infections by altering immune status. A study was taken up to examine plasma levels of Th1 (IFN-γ and IL-2) and Th2 (IL-4 and IL-10) categories of cytokines and immune activation markers (TNF-α, TNFR I and TNFR II) in an asymptomatic group of HIV-1, HBV and HCV infected blood donors in relation to trace elements. Plasma levels of Zn, Se and Mg were depressed in all the three groups of blood donors (P < 0.001 for all). Levels of Cu and Fe were depressed in HIV-1 infection (P < 0.001 for both), but elevated in HBV and HCV infections (P < 0.015 and < 0.001 for Cu and < 0.001 for Fe in case of HBV and HCV infections respectively). IL-2 and IFN-γ were depressed in all the three groups of blood donors (P < 0.001). IL-4 and IL-10 levels were elevated in HBV and HCV infections (P < 0.001 for both). Immune activation markers were elevated in all the three groups of blood donors (P < 0.001 for all). HIV-1 infection showed positive correlations between Cu and IL-2, Zn and IFN-γ, and in HBV infection while positive correlations were found between Mg and TNFR I and TNFR II and Se with TNFR II. HCV infection showed a positive correlation between Se and IFN-γ (P < 0.001), Mg and IL-4 (P = 0.02), Fe and IL-10 (P < 0.01). The present study reveals possible relationship between trace element level alterations and alterations in cytokine and immune activation levels in HIV-1, HBV and HCV infection.展开更多
目的分析新疆地区人类免疫缺陷病毒1型（human immunodeficiency virus type 1,HIV-1）/丙型肝炎病毒（hepatitis C virus,HCV）混合感染者体内HCV各基因型在6个月时间间隔前后基因变化规律,为针对HCV制定预防治疗策略和后续的研究提供...目的分析新疆地区人类免疫缺陷病毒1型（human immunodeficiency virus type 1,HIV-1）/丙型肝炎病毒（hepatitis C virus,HCV）混合感染者体内HCV各基因型在6个月时间间隔前后基因变化规律,为针对HCV制定预防治疗策略和后续的研究提供基础。方法对新疆地区2013年4月确认为HIV-1抗体阳性的102例感染者进行HCV抗体检测,HCV抗体阳性的研究对象在6个月后（2013年10月）进行第二次采血。对HCV抗体阳性的2次标本抽提血浆病毒RNA,反转录后扩增HCV 5′UTR基因,将所得到的序列与HCV的国际标准株进行比较,确定被检样本的HCV基因型。基于2次采样毒株的序列变异,使用MEGA 6软件计算其基因离散率,使用Beast v1.8.0软件分析起源时间和进化速率。结果 102例HIV-1感染者中有89例（87.25%）HCV抗体阳性,其中成功扩增出HCV 5′UTR基因2次序列的有77例（77/89,86.52%）。HCV 5′UTR基因片段分型结果显示有4种基因型：1a（9/77,11.69%）,1b（31/77,40.26%）,3a（24/77,31.17%）,3b（13/77,16.88%）。HCV的1b基因型6个月后样本的组内基因离散率（0.025±0.007）%明显大于首次采样的（0.001±0.001）%,其他3种基因型的基因离散率在6个月后无明显变化。HCV的5′UTR基因平均进化速率为1.62×10^-3（95%HPD 1.52×10-3～5.38×10^-3）替换/（位点·年）,各基因亚型之间的进化速率相差1～3倍,3a亚型祖先株形成时间最为久远。结论新疆地区HIV-1感染者中静脉吸毒人群合并HCV感染率高,HCV的3种基因型（1a、3b、3a）在HIV-1感染者体内稳定存在,总体变异不大,但1b基因型随着时间的推移相对比较活跃。展开更多
文摘Imbalance of essential trace elements viz. Zinc, Selenium, Iron, Copper and Magnesium has been reported to influence disease course in HIV-1, HBV and HCV infections by altering immune status. A study was taken up to examine plasma levels of Th1 (IFN-γ and IL-2) and Th2 (IL-4 and IL-10) categories of cytokines and immune activation markers (TNF-α, TNFR I and TNFR II) in an asymptomatic group of HIV-1, HBV and HCV infected blood donors in relation to trace elements. Plasma levels of Zn, Se and Mg were depressed in all the three groups of blood donors (P < 0.001 for all). Levels of Cu and Fe were depressed in HIV-1 infection (P < 0.001 for both), but elevated in HBV and HCV infections (P < 0.015 and < 0.001 for Cu and < 0.001 for Fe in case of HBV and HCV infections respectively). IL-2 and IFN-γ were depressed in all the three groups of blood donors (P < 0.001). IL-4 and IL-10 levels were elevated in HBV and HCV infections (P < 0.001 for both). Immune activation markers were elevated in all the three groups of blood donors (P < 0.001 for all). HIV-1 infection showed positive correlations between Cu and IL-2, Zn and IFN-γ, and in HBV infection while positive correlations were found between Mg and TNFR I and TNFR II and Se with TNFR II. HCV infection showed a positive correlation between Se and IFN-γ (P < 0.001), Mg and IL-4 (P = 0.02), Fe and IL-10 (P < 0.01). The present study reveals possible relationship between trace element level alterations and alterations in cytokine and immune activation levels in HIV-1, HBV and HCV infection.
