The appearance of HBV DNA in the liver and serum of 15 patients with hepatitisB conifected with HDV was observed and compared with that of 13 HDV-negative cases.Itwas found that HBsAg titer was lower than or equal to ...The appearance of HBV DNA in the liver and serum of 15 patients with hepatitisB conifected with HDV was observed and compared with that of 13 HDV-negative cases.Itwas found that HBsAg titer was lower than or equal to 1:4 in 8 HDV-positive patients,inwhom it was temporally negative in 5,and negative during the,two-day hospitalization in 1.No similar result could be observed in the HDV-negative cases.The detection rate of HBVDNA in both the HDV positive and negative groups was 20.0％ (3/15) and 25％ (3.12) in se-rum,and 46.7％ (7/15) and 61.5％ (8/13) in the liver rcspectively.There was no signif-icant statistical difference between the 2 groups.The HBV DNA grains detected with in situ hybridization,with biotinylated HBV DNAprobe were demonstrated in the sparse type of distribution in 3 cases and lightly stained in 2.Itis believed that HBV DNA replication activity might be suppressed by HDV.However activeHRV DNA replication was also present in some HDV-positive patients and HBV DNA was posi-tive in both the liver and serum in 3 such patients.It was concluded that the difference of the detection rate of HBV DNA in HDV-positivepatients might be related to the different stages of HDV infection.展开更多
Objective: HIV-HBV co-infection is a major public health problem that has not been sufficiently explored in the Central African workplace. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of HIV-HBV co-infection amon...Objective: HIV-HBV co-infection is a major public health problem that has not been sufficiently explored in the Central African workplace. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of HIV-HBV co-infection among people who living with HIV (PLHIV) in the infectious and tropical diseases department of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de lAmiti Sino-Centrafricaine in Bangui. Methods: A retrospective study was carried out from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2021 in the Infectious and Tropical Diseases Department at the Amiti Sino-Centrafricaine University Hospital. It included the files of all PLHIV, which included the results of HBV serology. A standardized form was used to collect socio-demographic and professional data by documentary review. Data was analysed using Epi-Info 7 software. Means, proportions were calculated as well as Chi square witch was significant if p-value was below 0.05. Results: The study included 265 patients, 188 were women (70.1%) and 77 men (29.1%), giving a sex ratio of 0.45. Mean age was 35.8 years, higher in men (40 years) than in women (35.8 years) (p 0.0001). The age groups 25 to 34 (37.7%) and 35 to 44 (33.6%) were in the majority (71.3%). The majority of PLHIV were unemployed (57.1%), including housewives (43.0%). HBV prevalence was 14.3%, including 7.2% among the unemployed, who account for half of all co-infections. The search for associations between HIV-HBV co-infection and all socio-demographic characteristics (age, sex, marital status) and socio-professional categories showed no significant difference (p 0.05). Conclusion: PLHIV were predominantly young adults, female, and unemployed;no occupation was significantly associated with co-infection. The vast majority of co-infected people were not covered by the occupational health system (unemployed or informal sector). Urgent action is needed to improve workers access to occupational medicine in CAR.展开更多
The current investigations are presented to solve the fractional order HBV differential infection system(FO-HBV-DIS)with the response of antibody immune using the optimization based stochastic schemes of the Levenberg...The current investigations are presented to solve the fractional order HBV differential infection system(FO-HBV-DIS)with the response of antibody immune using the optimization based stochastic schemes of the Levenberg-Marquardt backpropagation(LMB)neural networks(NNs),i.e.,LMBNNs.The FO-HBV-DIS with the response of antibody immune is categorized into five dynamics,healthy hepatocytes(H),capsids(D),infected hepatocytes(I),free virus(V)and antibodies(W).The investigations for three different FO variants have been tested numerically to solve the nonlinear FO-HBV-DIS.The data magnitudes are implemented 75%for training,10%for certification and 15%for testing to solve the FO-HBV-DIS with the response of antibody immune.The numerical observations are achieved using the stochastic LMBNNs procedures for soling the FO-HBV-DIS with the response of antibody immune and comparison of the results is presented through the database Adams-Bashforth-Moulton approach.To authenticate the validity,competence,consistency,capability and exactness of the LMBNNs,the numerical presentations using the mean square error(MSE),error histograms(EHs),state transitions(STs),correlation and regression are accomplished.展开更多
Objective:To establish a non-invasive quantitative and visual predictive model for assessing the occurrence of significant inflammation in chronic HBV infection,and to present nomogram to validate the efficacy.Methods...Objective:To establish a non-invasive quantitative and visual predictive model for assessing the occurrence of significant inflammation in chronic HBV infection,and to present nomogram to validate the efficacy.Methods:A total of 180 patients with chronic HBV infection that were admitted to the Department of Infectious Liver Diseases of the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College from January 2019 to December 2021 with informed consent and underwent liver biopsy puncture were selected,and to prevent overfitting of the model,131 patients and 49 patients were randomly divided into a model group and a validation group according to randomization,to collect the clinic information,serological examination,liver elastography and liver histopathology results.The patients were divided into non-significant inflammation and significant inflammation groups in the modeling group.The R 4.1.1 package and the rms package were used to build the column line graph model,while the Bootstrap method was applied to repeat the sampling 1000 times for internal and external validation,and the H-L goodness of fit test and ROC curve were used to assess the calibration and discrimination of the column line graph model respectively.Results:A total of 180 patients with chronic HBV infection were included,and 92 patients(51.1%)had significant inflammation.In the modeling set,67 patients(51.1%)had significant inflammation.In the modeled group,comparison of HBV DNA,PLT,ALT,AST,ALP,GGT,PAB,H.A,PⅢP,CⅣ,L.N,IL-6,LSM and HBeAg for non-significant inflammation and significant inflammation showed statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Nomogram were obtained using stepwise regression analysis to establish a predictive model for the risk of significant inflammation following chronic HBV infection.The χ^(2) values of the H-L goodness-of-fit test for the modelling and validation groups were 0.279 and 2.098,respectively,corresponding to P values of 0.87 and 0.35,suggesting that the nomogram has good predictive accuracy;the area under the ROC curve of the column line plot predicting the occurrence of significant inflammation after HBV infection for the modelling and validation groups was 0.895[95%CI(0.843-0.948)]and 0.760[95%CI(0.622-0.897)],suggesting that the column line plot model has good discrimination.Conclusion:After stepwise regression analysis,it was established that PLT,Ln(HBV-DNA),AST,C桇and LSM were more closely associated with the occurrence of significant inflammation after HBV infection,and a visualization of the occurrence of significant inflammation nomogram was established by comprehensive assessment,and the effectiveness was good.展开更多
This paper is concerned with a stochastic HBV infection model with logistic growth. First, by constructing suitable stochastic Lyapunov functions, we establish sufficient conditions for the existence of ergodic statio...This paper is concerned with a stochastic HBV infection model with logistic growth. First, by constructing suitable stochastic Lyapunov functions, we establish sufficient conditions for the existence of ergodic stationary distribution of the solution to the HBV infection model. Then we obtain sufficient conditions for extinction of the disease. The stationary distribution shows that the disease can become persistent in vivo.展开更多
This article proposes a diffused hepatitis B virus （HBV） model with CTL immune response and nonlinear incidence for the control of viral infections. By means of different Lyapunov functions, the global asymptotical ...This article proposes a diffused hepatitis B virus （HBV） model with CTL immune response and nonlinear incidence for the control of viral infections. By means of different Lyapunov functions, the global asymptotical properties of the viral-free equilibrium and immune-free equilibrium of the model are obtained. Global stability of the positive equilibrium of the model is also considered. The results show that the free diffusion of the virus has no effect on the global stability of such HBV infection problem with Neumann homogeneous boundary conditions.展开更多
AIM： To study the prevalence and clinical effects of occult HBV infection in haemodialysis patients with chronic HCV.METHODS： Fifty chronic hemodialysis patients with negative HbsAg, and positive anti-HCV were inclu...AIM： To study the prevalence and clinical effects of occult HBV infection in haemodialysis patients with chronic HCV.METHODS： Fifty chronic hemodialysis patients with negative HbsAg, and positive anti-HCV were included in the study. These patients were divided into two groups： HCV-RNA positive and HCV-RNA negative, based on the results of HCV-RNA PCR. HBV-DNA was studied using the PCR method in both groups.RESULTS： None of the 22 HCV-RNA positive patients and 28 HCV-RNA negative patients revealed HBV-DNA in serum by PCR method. The average age was 47.2±17.0 in the HCV-RNA positive group and 39.6±15.6 in the HCV-RNA negative group.CONCLUSION： The prevalence of occult HBV infection is not high in haemodialysis patients with chronic HCV in our region. This result of our study has to be evaluated in consideration of the interaction between HBsAg positivity （8%-10%） and frequency of HBV mutants in our region.展开更多
AIM: To evaluate the prevalence of markers of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among blood donors in Kolkata, Eastern India for two consecutive years and to co...AIM: To evaluate the prevalence of markers of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among blood donors in Kolkata, Eastern India for two consecutive years and to conduct a pilot study to explore the presence of HBV DNA among hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) negative but anti-HBc positive blood donors. METHODS: Seroprevalence of HBsAg, anti-HCV and anti-HIV was studied among 113 051 and 106 695 voluntary blood donors screened in 2004 and 2005, respectively. Moreover, a pilot study on 1027 HBsAg negative donors was carried out for evaluating the presence of HBV DNA by PCR on HBsAg negative/anti- HBc positive donors. RESULTS: A statistically significant increase in the prevalence of HBV (1448 vs 1768, P < 0.001), HIV (262 vs 374, P < 0.001), HCV (314 vs 372, P = 0.003) and syphilis (772 vs 853, P = 0.001) infections was noted among blood donors of Kolkata West Bengal in 2005 as compared to 2004. Moreover, the exploratory study on 1027 HBsAg negative donors revealed that 188 (18.3%)of them were anti-HBc positive out of which 21% were positive for HBV DNA. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study underscore the significantly increasing endemicity of hepatitis viruses, syphilis and HIV among the voluntary blood donors of our community. The pilot study indicates a high rate of prevalence of HBV DNA among HBsAg negative/anti-HBc positive donors and thus emphasizes the need for a more sensitive and stringent screening algorithm for blood donations.展开更多
AIM: To analyze the effectiveness and safety of lamivudine treatment in patients with chronic HBV infection undergoing hemodialysis or after kidney transplantation, and to study the frequency of tyrosine - methionine ...AIM: To analyze the effectiveness and safety of lamivudine treatment in patients with chronic HBV infection undergoing hemodialysis or after kidney transplantation, and to study the frequency of tyrosine - methionine - aspartate - aspartate (YMDD) mutation occurrence after lamivudine treatment. METHODS: We analyzed 91 patients with chronic hepatitis B, among whom, 16 patients underwent hemodialysis, 7 patients had kidney transplantation and 68 patients had normal function of kidney. The hemodialysis patients were treated by lamivudine 300 mg/wk. patients after kidney transplantation and patiente with normal function of kidney were treated with lamivudine 100 mg/d. Therapy lasted for 12 mo. HBV-DNA, HBsAg, HBeAg and anti-HBe, and anti-HCV antibodies were assessed in sera of patients. The analysis was performed before and 6 mo after the end of lamivudine treatment. Before, during and after the lamivudine therapy, the number of erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets and hemoglobin concentration, ALT and AST activity, as well as bilirubin, urea and creatinine concentrations were analyzed in sera from patients. RESULTS: After the 12-mo lamivudine treatment, elimination of HBV - DNA was observed in 56% patients undergoing hemodialysis and in 53% patients with normal kidney function. Only 1 from 7 (14%) kidney-transplanted patients eliminated HBV-DNA. Furthermore, HBeAg elimination was observed in 36% hemodialysis patients, in 51% patients with normal function of kidneys and in 43% kidney transplanted patients. Among the patients undergoing dialysis, no YMDD mutation was found after 12 mo of therapy, while it was detected in 9 patients (13%) with normal function of kidney and in 2 kidney-transplanted patients (29%, P<0.006). We did not observe significant side effecte of lamivudine treatment in studied patiente. CONCLUSION: Effectiveness of lamivudine therapy in dialysis patients is comparable with that in patiente with normal function of kidney. Lamivudine treatment is well tolerated and safe in patiente with renal insufficiency undergoing hemodialysis and kidney-transplantation. However, in the latter group, high incidence of YMDD mutation after lamivudine treatment was observed.展开更多
Exosomes are small vesicles that carry molecules from one cell to another.They have many features that make them interesting for research,such as their stability,low immunogenicity,size of the nanoscale,toxicity,and s...Exosomes are small vesicles that carry molecules from one cell to another.They have many features that make them interesting for research,such as their stability,low immunogenicity,size of the nanoscale,toxicity,and selective delivery.Exosomes can also interact with viruses in diverse ways.Emerging research highlights the significant role of exosomes in viral infections,particularly in the context of diseases like COVID-19,HIV,HBV and HCV.Understanding the intricate interplay between exosomes and the human immune system holds great promise for the development of effective antiviral therapies.An important aspect is gaining clarity on how exosomes influence the immune system and enhance viral infectivity through their inherent characteristics.By leveraging the innate properties of exosomes,viruses exploit the machinery involved in exosome biogenesis to set replication,facilitate the spread of infection,and eliminate immune responses.They can either help or hinder viral infection by modulating the immune system.This review summarizes the recent findings on how exosomes mediate viral infection and how they can be used for diagnosis or therapy.This could lead to new clinical applications of exosomes in disease management.展开更多
AIM： To analyze whether the presence of anti-HBs in liver transplant recipients is effective in preventing HBV infection. METHODS： Twenty-three patients receiving anti-HBc positive liver were studied. Nine recipient...AIM： To analyze whether the presence of anti-HBs in liver transplant recipients is effective in preventing HBV infection. METHODS： Twenty-three patients receiving anti-HBc positive liver were studied. Nine recipients were anti-HBc positive as a result of previous HBV infection. Of them, one also received HBV vaccine during the pre-liver transplantation period. Fourteen recipients were anti-HBs positive due to HBV vaccine administered during the pretransplant period. Liver biopsy was obtained in 10/14 anti-HBc negative/anti-HBs positive recipients and in 4/9 anti-HBc positive recipients. RESULTS： After a mean foUow-up period of 46 months, 1 recipient with protective serum anti-HBs levels developed de novo HBV infection as a consequence of immune escape HBV mutants. Among the 14 vaccinated anti-HBc negative/anti-HBs positive recipients, 1/10 patients with available liver biopsy （10%） had liver HBV-DNA at 13 mo post-liver transplantation without serum viral markers and did not develop de novo HBV infection.The vaccinated anti-HBc positive recipient without HBV vaccine response was HBV-DNA positive in serum and liver, viral DNA was continuously negative in the following tests, so a spontaneous seroconversion was diagnosed. CONCLUSION： The presence of anti-HBs as a result of HBV vaccine or past HBV infection seems to be effective at protecting patients receiving livers from anti-HBc positive donors. However, the emergence of immune escape HBV mutants, which can evade the anti-HBs protection, should be considered as a risk of HBV infection.展开更多
Background: Patients coinfected with HBV, HDV, HCV and HIV are usually excluded from clinical trials. Data on pegylated interferon treatment in this setting are limited, with predictive factors for HDV virologic succe...Background: Patients coinfected with HBV, HDV, HCV and HIV are usually excluded from clinical trials. Data on pegylated interferon treatment in this setting are limited, with predictive factors for HDV virologic success being unknown. Objectives: In this study we analyzed the time course of HDV viral load and HBsAg in HBV-HDV-HCV-HIV patients, who underwent pegylated alfa-2a interferon (peg-IFN) therapy for HDV infection between 2005 and 2009, with different virologic outcomes (no response, relapse or sustained response). Methods: Three patients were selected for virologic analysis, since complete clinical and laboratory data and stored residual blood samples, collected before/during/after peg-IFN treatment were available. Plasma samples were retrospectively analyzed for HDV-RNA detection and quantitative HBsAg determination. Results: All patients were HCV-Ab positive, persistently HCV-RNA negative, and received a peg-IFN treatment curse (180 mcg/week) for 12 to 18 months. HIV and HBV viral loads remained undetectable due to underlying Tenofovir/Emtricitabine (TDF/FTC) treatment. Low baseline HDV-RNA and HBsAg levels were both observed in the patient with sustained viral response. A HDV-RNA decline greater than 2log10 at month 6 was observed in two of the three patients, both with compensated liver cirrhosis, achieving a viral clearance at the end of treatment. Conclusions: Although performed in few patients, this study suggests that a decline of HDV-RNA during treatment and low baseline quantitative HBsAg may be associated to HDV virologic response to peg-IFN in HIV-infected subjects, independently of fibrosis stage. If confirmed on larger patient number, these data may help to select those HDV-infected patients with a reliable chance to respond to prolonged peg-IFN treatment and suggest the importance of quantitative HBsAg monitoring in this setting.展开更多
OBJECTIVE It has been recognized that HBV infection and alcohol consumption are two important risk factors for primary hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC）. Recently, the role of clonorchiasis as a risk factor for HCC is ...OBJECTIVE It has been recognized that HBV infection and alcohol consumption are two important risk factors for primary hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC）. Recently, the role of clonorchiasis as a risk factor for HCC is controversial. We aimed to investigate whether these factors increase the risk of HCC in Guangxi, China. METHODS A hospital-based, case-control study of HCC was conducted from July 2005 to July 2007. We enrolled 500 consecutive patients with HCC as an experimental group and 500 patients without tumor in liver as a control group. The risk factors that the patients were exposed to were assessed. RESULTS Comparing the risks of developing the HCC, we found out the following results. The risk of developing HCC for the patients with clonorchiasis was 5 folds of that for the patients without clonorchiasis （OR = 5.0; 95% CI： 3.1-8.1）, and the risk for the patients with alcohol consumption was 3 folds of that for the patients without drinking alcohol （OR = 3.4; 95% CI： 2.3-4.9）, and similarly, the risk for the patients with HBV infection was 21 times of that for the patients without HBV infection （OR = 20.6; 95% CI： 14.3-29.7）. According to crossover analysis, there was significant interaction among clonorchiasis, HBV infection and alcohol consumption, with synergistic indices greater than 1. The etiologic fractions attributed to these interactions [EF （A × B）] are 0.7465, 0.5789 and 0.5506, respectively. CONCLUSION Clonorchiasis, HBV infection and heavy alcohol consumption are independent risk factors for developing HCC in our population in Guangxi, and as they can interact synergistically, the risk of developing HCC is increased. Data from this study may indicate new prevention strategies of developing HCC in high-risk individuals.展开更多
背景子痫前期严重危及母儿生命安全,国内外指南推荐具有高危因素的孕妇使用阿司匹林预防子痫前期发生,但对有子痫前期高危因素的慢性乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)感染孕妇临床研究较少。目的探讨小剂量阿司匹林预防慢性HBV感染...背景子痫前期严重危及母儿生命安全,国内外指南推荐具有高危因素的孕妇使用阿司匹林预防子痫前期发生,但对有子痫前期高危因素的慢性乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)感染孕妇临床研究较少。目的探讨小剂量阿司匹林预防慢性HBV感染孕妇子痫前期的临床效果。方法选取2019年1月—2022年12月在解放军总医院第五医学中心妇产科早孕期建档、规律产检并完成分娩,且具有子痫前期高危因素的慢性HBV感染孕妇为研究对象。根据孕期是否使用阿司匹林分为用药组(孕12~16周每晚睡前服用阿司匹林,100 mg/d,至孕36周停药)和未用药组,比较两组孕妇在孕12周、孕20周、孕32周及分娩前的血压、肝功能、凝血功能及妊娠结局。结果共收集134例慢性HBV感染孕妇资料,用药组50例,平均年龄(34.38±3.95)岁;未用药组84例,平均年龄(34.59±4.58)岁,两组年龄差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。用药组孕32周、分娩前收缩压和舒张压均低于未用药组(P<0.05),子痫前期发生率低于未用药组[2.00%(1/50)vs 14.29%(12/84),P=0.043]。两组肝功能各指标差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),凝血指标中只有凝血酶原时间用药组在分娩前高于未用药组[(11.18±0.76)s vs(10.71±0.65)s,P=0.018],差异有统计学意义。用药组分娩孕周大于未用药组[(38.76±1.22)周vs(35.64±1.63)周,P<0.001];新生儿窒息率[0 vs 8.3%,P=0.036]、早产率[4.00%vs 15.48%,P=0.042]均低于未用药组,差异均有统计学意义。结论在具有子痫前期高危的慢性HBV感染孕妇人群中,预防性使用小剂量阿司匹林可显著降低子痫前期发生率,改善凝血指标,降低妊娠不良结局的发生率。展开更多
文摘The appearance of HBV DNA in the liver and serum of 15 patients with hepatitisB conifected with HDV was observed and compared with that of 13 HDV-negative cases.Itwas found that HBsAg titer was lower than or equal to 1:4 in 8 HDV-positive patients,inwhom it was temporally negative in 5,and negative during the,two-day hospitalization in 1.No similar result could be observed in the HDV-negative cases.The detection rate of HBVDNA in both the HDV positive and negative groups was 20.0％ (3/15) and 25％ (3.12) in se-rum,and 46.7％ (7/15) and 61.5％ (8/13) in the liver rcspectively.There was no signif-icant statistical difference between the 2 groups.The HBV DNA grains detected with in situ hybridization,with biotinylated HBV DNAprobe were demonstrated in the sparse type of distribution in 3 cases and lightly stained in 2.Itis believed that HBV DNA replication activity might be suppressed by HDV.However activeHRV DNA replication was also present in some HDV-positive patients and HBV DNA was posi-tive in both the liver and serum in 3 such patients.It was concluded that the difference of the detection rate of HBV DNA in HDV-positivepatients might be related to the different stages of HDV infection.
文摘Objective: HIV-HBV co-infection is a major public health problem that has not been sufficiently explored in the Central African workplace. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of HIV-HBV co-infection among people who living with HIV (PLHIV) in the infectious and tropical diseases department of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de lAmiti Sino-Centrafricaine in Bangui. Methods: A retrospective study was carried out from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2021 in the Infectious and Tropical Diseases Department at the Amiti Sino-Centrafricaine University Hospital. It included the files of all PLHIV, which included the results of HBV serology. A standardized form was used to collect socio-demographic and professional data by documentary review. Data was analysed using Epi-Info 7 software. Means, proportions were calculated as well as Chi square witch was significant if p-value was below 0.05. Results: The study included 265 patients, 188 were women (70.1%) and 77 men (29.1%), giving a sex ratio of 0.45. Mean age was 35.8 years, higher in men (40 years) than in women (35.8 years) (p 0.0001). The age groups 25 to 34 (37.7%) and 35 to 44 (33.6%) were in the majority (71.3%). The majority of PLHIV were unemployed (57.1%), including housewives (43.0%). HBV prevalence was 14.3%, including 7.2% among the unemployed, who account for half of all co-infections. The search for associations between HIV-HBV co-infection and all socio-demographic characteristics (age, sex, marital status) and socio-professional categories showed no significant difference (p 0.05). Conclusion: PLHIV were predominantly young adults, female, and unemployed;no occupation was significantly associated with co-infection. The vast majority of co-infected people were not covered by the occupational health system (unemployed or informal sector). Urgent action is needed to improve workers access to occupational medicine in CAR.
基金the Program Management Unit for Human Resources&Institutional Development,Research and Innovation(grant number B05F640092).
文摘The current investigations are presented to solve the fractional order HBV differential infection system(FO-HBV-DIS)with the response of antibody immune using the optimization based stochastic schemes of the Levenberg-Marquardt backpropagation(LMB)neural networks(NNs),i.e.,LMBNNs.The FO-HBV-DIS with the response of antibody immune is categorized into five dynamics,healthy hepatocytes(H),capsids(D),infected hepatocytes(I),free virus(V)and antibodies(W).The investigations for three different FO variants have been tested numerically to solve the nonlinear FO-HBV-DIS.The data magnitudes are implemented 75%for training,10%for certification and 15%for testing to solve the FO-HBV-DIS with the response of antibody immune.The numerical observations are achieved using the stochastic LMBNNs procedures for soling the FO-HBV-DIS with the response of antibody immune and comparison of the results is presented through the database Adams-Bashforth-Moulton approach.To authenticate the validity,competence,consistency,capability and exactness of the LMBNNs,the numerical presentations using the mean square error(MSE),error histograms(EHs),state transitions(STs),correlation and regression are accomplished.
基金Natural Science Foundation of Hainan Province(No.819MS122)Youth Cultivation Fund of the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College(No.HyyfYPy202021)。
文摘Objective:To establish a non-invasive quantitative and visual predictive model for assessing the occurrence of significant inflammation in chronic HBV infection,and to present nomogram to validate the efficacy.Methods:A total of 180 patients with chronic HBV infection that were admitted to the Department of Infectious Liver Diseases of the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College from January 2019 to December 2021 with informed consent and underwent liver biopsy puncture were selected,and to prevent overfitting of the model,131 patients and 49 patients were randomly divided into a model group and a validation group according to randomization,to collect the clinic information,serological examination,liver elastography and liver histopathology results.The patients were divided into non-significant inflammation and significant inflammation groups in the modeling group.The R 4.1.1 package and the rms package were used to build the column line graph model,while the Bootstrap method was applied to repeat the sampling 1000 times for internal and external validation,and the H-L goodness of fit test and ROC curve were used to assess the calibration and discrimination of the column line graph model respectively.Results:A total of 180 patients with chronic HBV infection were included,and 92 patients(51.1%)had significant inflammation.In the modeling set,67 patients(51.1%)had significant inflammation.In the modeled group,comparison of HBV DNA,PLT,ALT,AST,ALP,GGT,PAB,H.A,PⅢP,CⅣ,L.N,IL-6,LSM and HBeAg for non-significant inflammation and significant inflammation showed statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Nomogram were obtained using stepwise regression analysis to establish a predictive model for the risk of significant inflammation following chronic HBV infection.The χ^(2) values of the H-L goodness-of-fit test for the modelling and validation groups were 0.279 and 2.098,respectively,corresponding to P values of 0.87 and 0.35,suggesting that the nomogram has good predictive accuracy;the area under the ROC curve of the column line plot predicting the occurrence of significant inflammation after HBV infection for the modelling and validation groups was 0.895[95%CI(0.843-0.948)]and 0.760[95%CI(0.622-0.897)],suggesting that the column line plot model has good discrimination.Conclusion:After stepwise regression analysis,it was established that PLT,Ln(HBV-DNA),AST,C桇and LSM were more closely associated with the occurrence of significant inflammation after HBV infection,and a visualization of the occurrence of significant inflammation nomogram was established by comprehensive assessment,and the effectiveness was good.
基金supported by NSFC of China(11371085)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(15CX08011A),2016GXNSFBA380006 and KY2016YB370
文摘This paper is concerned with a stochastic HBV infection model with logistic growth. First, by constructing suitable stochastic Lyapunov functions, we establish sufficient conditions for the existence of ergodic stationary distribution of the solution to the HBV infection model. Then we obtain sufficient conditions for extinction of the disease. The stationary distribution shows that the disease can become persistent in vivo.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(10971166,10901131)the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863 Program,2009AA01A135)the Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Province(2010211B04)
文摘This article proposes a diffused hepatitis B virus （HBV） model with CTL immune response and nonlinear incidence for the control of viral infections. By means of different Lyapunov functions, the global asymptotical properties of the viral-free equilibrium and immune-free equilibrium of the model are obtained. Global stability of the positive equilibrium of the model is also considered. The results show that the free diffusion of the virus has no effect on the global stability of such HBV infection problem with Neumann homogeneous boundary conditions.
文摘AIM： To study the prevalence and clinical effects of occult HBV infection in haemodialysis patients with chronic HCV.METHODS： Fifty chronic hemodialysis patients with negative HbsAg, and positive anti-HCV were included in the study. These patients were divided into two groups： HCV-RNA positive and HCV-RNA negative, based on the results of HCV-RNA PCR. HBV-DNA was studied using the PCR method in both groups.RESULTS： None of the 22 HCV-RNA positive patients and 28 HCV-RNA negative patients revealed HBV-DNA in serum by PCR method. The average age was 47.2±17.0 in the HCV-RNA positive group and 39.6±15.6 in the HCV-RNA negative group.CONCLUSION： The prevalence of occult HBV infection is not high in haemodialysis patients with chronic HCV in our region. This result of our study has to be evaluated in consideration of the interaction between HBsAg positivity （8%-10%） and frequency of HBV mutants in our region.
基金grants partly from West Bengal State AIDS Prevention & Control Society, Kolkata and partly by Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi. Partha Kumar Chandra received a research associateship from West Bengal State AIDS Prevention & Control Society, Kolkata. Arup Banerjee received a senior research fellowship from Indian Council of Medical Research New Delhi Sibnarayan Datta received a senior research fellowship from University Grants Commission, New Delhi
文摘AIM: To evaluate the prevalence of markers of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among blood donors in Kolkata, Eastern India for two consecutive years and to conduct a pilot study to explore the presence of HBV DNA among hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) negative but anti-HBc positive blood donors. METHODS: Seroprevalence of HBsAg, anti-HCV and anti-HIV was studied among 113 051 and 106 695 voluntary blood donors screened in 2004 and 2005, respectively. Moreover, a pilot study on 1027 HBsAg negative donors was carried out for evaluating the presence of HBV DNA by PCR on HBsAg negative/anti- HBc positive donors. RESULTS: A statistically significant increase in the prevalence of HBV (1448 vs 1768, P < 0.001), HIV (262 vs 374, P < 0.001), HCV (314 vs 372, P = 0.003) and syphilis (772 vs 853, P = 0.001) infections was noted among blood donors of Kolkata West Bengal in 2005 as compared to 2004. Moreover, the exploratory study on 1027 HBsAg negative donors revealed that 188 (18.3%)of them were anti-HBc positive out of which 21% were positive for HBV DNA. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study underscore the significantly increasing endemicity of hepatitis viruses, syphilis and HIV among the voluntary blood donors of our community. The pilot study indicates a high rate of prevalence of HBV DNA among HBsAg negative/anti-HBc positive donors and thus emphasizes the need for a more sensitive and stringent screening algorithm for blood donations.
文摘AIM: To analyze the effectiveness and safety of lamivudine treatment in patients with chronic HBV infection undergoing hemodialysis or after kidney transplantation, and to study the frequency of tyrosine - methionine - aspartate - aspartate (YMDD) mutation occurrence after lamivudine treatment. METHODS: We analyzed 91 patients with chronic hepatitis B, among whom, 16 patients underwent hemodialysis, 7 patients had kidney transplantation and 68 patients had normal function of kidney. The hemodialysis patients were treated by lamivudine 300 mg/wk. patients after kidney transplantation and patiente with normal function of kidney were treated with lamivudine 100 mg/d. Therapy lasted for 12 mo. HBV-DNA, HBsAg, HBeAg and anti-HBe, and anti-HCV antibodies were assessed in sera of patients. The analysis was performed before and 6 mo after the end of lamivudine treatment. Before, during and after the lamivudine therapy, the number of erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets and hemoglobin concentration, ALT and AST activity, as well as bilirubin, urea and creatinine concentrations were analyzed in sera from patients. RESULTS: After the 12-mo lamivudine treatment, elimination of HBV - DNA was observed in 56% patients undergoing hemodialysis and in 53% patients with normal kidney function. Only 1 from 7 (14%) kidney-transplanted patients eliminated HBV-DNA. Furthermore, HBeAg elimination was observed in 36% hemodialysis patients, in 51% patients with normal function of kidneys and in 43% kidney transplanted patients. Among the patients undergoing dialysis, no YMDD mutation was found after 12 mo of therapy, while it was detected in 9 patients (13%) with normal function of kidney and in 2 kidney-transplanted patients (29%, P<0.006). We did not observe significant side effecte of lamivudine treatment in studied patiente. CONCLUSION: Effectiveness of lamivudine therapy in dialysis patients is comparable with that in patiente with normal function of kidney. Lamivudine treatment is well tolerated and safe in patiente with renal insufficiency undergoing hemodialysis and kidney-transplantation. However, in the latter group, high incidence of YMDD mutation after lamivudine treatment was observed.
文摘Exosomes are small vesicles that carry molecules from one cell to another.They have many features that make them interesting for research,such as their stability,low immunogenicity,size of the nanoscale,toxicity,and selective delivery.Exosomes can also interact with viruses in diverse ways.Emerging research highlights the significant role of exosomes in viral infections,particularly in the context of diseases like COVID-19,HIV,HBV and HCV.Understanding the intricate interplay between exosomes and the human immune system holds great promise for the development of effective antiviral therapies.An important aspect is gaining clarity on how exosomes influence the immune system and enhance viral infectivity through their inherent characteristics.By leveraging the innate properties of exosomes,viruses exploit the machinery involved in exosome biogenesis to set replication,facilitate the spread of infection,and eliminate immune responses.They can either help or hinder viral infection by modulating the immune system.This review summarizes the recent findings on how exosomes mediate viral infection and how they can be used for diagnosis or therapy.This could lead to new clinical applications of exosomes in disease management.
基金Supported by Fundación Manchega de Investigación y Docencia en Gastroenterología and partially by Red Nacional en Investigatión de Hepatología y Gastroenterología (RNIHG)Dr. Moraleda was supported by a grant from the Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (Programa Ramón y Cajal)
文摘AIM： To analyze whether the presence of anti-HBs in liver transplant recipients is effective in preventing HBV infection. METHODS： Twenty-three patients receiving anti-HBc positive liver were studied. Nine recipients were anti-HBc positive as a result of previous HBV infection. Of them, one also received HBV vaccine during the pre-liver transplantation period. Fourteen recipients were anti-HBs positive due to HBV vaccine administered during the pretransplant period. Liver biopsy was obtained in 10/14 anti-HBc negative/anti-HBs positive recipients and in 4/9 anti-HBc positive recipients. RESULTS： After a mean foUow-up period of 46 months, 1 recipient with protective serum anti-HBs levels developed de novo HBV infection as a consequence of immune escape HBV mutants. Among the 14 vaccinated anti-HBc negative/anti-HBs positive recipients, 1/10 patients with available liver biopsy （10%） had liver HBV-DNA at 13 mo post-liver transplantation without serum viral markers and did not develop de novo HBV infection.The vaccinated anti-HBc positive recipient without HBV vaccine response was HBV-DNA positive in serum and liver, viral DNA was continuously negative in the following tests, so a spontaneous seroconversion was diagnosed. CONCLUSION： The presence of anti-HBs as a result of HBV vaccine or past HBV infection seems to be effective at protecting patients receiving livers from anti-HBc positive donors. However, the emergence of immune escape HBV mutants, which can evade the anti-HBs protection, should be considered as a risk of HBV infection.
文摘Background: Patients coinfected with HBV, HDV, HCV and HIV are usually excluded from clinical trials. Data on pegylated interferon treatment in this setting are limited, with predictive factors for HDV virologic success being unknown. Objectives: In this study we analyzed the time course of HDV viral load and HBsAg in HBV-HDV-HCV-HIV patients, who underwent pegylated alfa-2a interferon (peg-IFN) therapy for HDV infection between 2005 and 2009, with different virologic outcomes (no response, relapse or sustained response). Methods: Three patients were selected for virologic analysis, since complete clinical and laboratory data and stored residual blood samples, collected before/during/after peg-IFN treatment were available. Plasma samples were retrospectively analyzed for HDV-RNA detection and quantitative HBsAg determination. Results: All patients were HCV-Ab positive, persistently HCV-RNA negative, and received a peg-IFN treatment curse (180 mcg/week) for 12 to 18 months. HIV and HBV viral loads remained undetectable due to underlying Tenofovir/Emtricitabine (TDF/FTC) treatment. Low baseline HDV-RNA and HBsAg levels were both observed in the patient with sustained viral response. A HDV-RNA decline greater than 2log10 at month 6 was observed in two of the three patients, both with compensated liver cirrhosis, achieving a viral clearance at the end of treatment. Conclusions: Although performed in few patients, this study suggests that a decline of HDV-RNA during treatment and low baseline quantitative HBsAg may be associated to HDV virologic response to peg-IFN in HIV-infected subjects, independently of fibrosis stage. If confirmed on larger patient number, these data may help to select those HDV-infected patients with a reliable chance to respond to prolonged peg-IFN treatment and suggest the importance of quantitative HBsAg monitoring in this setting.
基金supported by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30660162).
文摘OBJECTIVE It has been recognized that HBV infection and alcohol consumption are two important risk factors for primary hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC）. Recently, the role of clonorchiasis as a risk factor for HCC is controversial. We aimed to investigate whether these factors increase the risk of HCC in Guangxi, China. METHODS A hospital-based, case-control study of HCC was conducted from July 2005 to July 2007. We enrolled 500 consecutive patients with HCC as an experimental group and 500 patients without tumor in liver as a control group. The risk factors that the patients were exposed to were assessed. RESULTS Comparing the risks of developing the HCC, we found out the following results. The risk of developing HCC for the patients with clonorchiasis was 5 folds of that for the patients without clonorchiasis （OR = 5.0; 95% CI： 3.1-8.1）, and the risk for the patients with alcohol consumption was 3 folds of that for the patients without drinking alcohol （OR = 3.4; 95% CI： 2.3-4.9）, and similarly, the risk for the patients with HBV infection was 21 times of that for the patients without HBV infection （OR = 20.6; 95% CI： 14.3-29.7）. According to crossover analysis, there was significant interaction among clonorchiasis, HBV infection and alcohol consumption, with synergistic indices greater than 1. The etiologic fractions attributed to these interactions [EF （A × B）] are 0.7465, 0.5789 and 0.5506, respectively. CONCLUSION Clonorchiasis, HBV infection and heavy alcohol consumption are independent risk factors for developing HCC in our population in Guangxi, and as they can interact synergistically, the risk of developing HCC is increased. Data from this study may indicate new prevention strategies of developing HCC in high-risk individuals.
文摘背景子痫前期严重危及母儿生命安全,国内外指南推荐具有高危因素的孕妇使用阿司匹林预防子痫前期发生,但对有子痫前期高危因素的慢性乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)感染孕妇临床研究较少。目的探讨小剂量阿司匹林预防慢性HBV感染孕妇子痫前期的临床效果。方法选取2019年1月—2022年12月在解放军总医院第五医学中心妇产科早孕期建档、规律产检并完成分娩,且具有子痫前期高危因素的慢性HBV感染孕妇为研究对象。根据孕期是否使用阿司匹林分为用药组(孕12~16周每晚睡前服用阿司匹林,100 mg/d,至孕36周停药)和未用药组,比较两组孕妇在孕12周、孕20周、孕32周及分娩前的血压、肝功能、凝血功能及妊娠结局。结果共收集134例慢性HBV感染孕妇资料,用药组50例,平均年龄(34.38±3.95)岁;未用药组84例,平均年龄(34.59±4.58)岁,两组年龄差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。用药组孕32周、分娩前收缩压和舒张压均低于未用药组(P<0.05),子痫前期发生率低于未用药组[2.00%(1/50)vs 14.29%(12/84),P=0.043]。两组肝功能各指标差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),凝血指标中只有凝血酶原时间用药组在分娩前高于未用药组[(11.18±0.76)s vs(10.71±0.65)s,P=0.018],差异有统计学意义。用药组分娩孕周大于未用药组[(38.76±1.22)周vs(35.64±1.63)周,P<0.001];新生儿窒息率[0 vs 8.3%,P=0.036]、早产率[4.00%vs 15.48%,P=0.042]均低于未用药组,差异均有统计学意义。结论在具有子痫前期高危的慢性HBV感染孕妇人群中,预防性使用小剂量阿司匹林可显著降低子痫前期发生率,改善凝血指标,降低妊娠不良结局的发生率。
