miR-27a低表达对子宫内膜癌HEC-1-A细胞增殖的影响

目的 研究miR-27a低表达对子宫内膜癌HEC-1-A细胞增殖的影响。方法 构建miR-27a低表达HEC-1-A细胞株。细胞实验分为空白对照组(HEC-1-A不做任何处理)、NC-miR组(转染miR-27a空载体)及miR-27a inhibitor组(转染miR-27a抑制剂)。qRT-PCR法检测各组细胞miR-27a表达情况;MTT比色法和平板克隆技术检测各组细胞增殖能力。结果 成功构建miR-27a低表达HEC-1-A细胞株。miR-27a inhibitor组miR-27a水平及细胞增殖能力均低于NC-miR组及空白对照组(P<0.05)。结论 miR-27a低表达抑制子宫内膜癌HEC-1-A细胞增殖能力。

Effect of artesunate on human endometrial carcinoma HEC-1B cells

Objective： To observe the effect of the artesunate （ART） on cellular proliferation in vitro, to search for the possible anti-tumor mechanism of ART on endometrial carcinoma at the molecular level and to provide the experimental and theoretical foundations for the clinical applications of ART. Methods： The cell proliferation was observed by microscope; MTT was used to examine the effects of ART on proliferation of HEC-1B cells, and flow cytometric analysis was used to detect cell cycle and apoptosis. The human endometrial carcinoma HEC-1B cells were conventionally cultured; ART was administered with a concentration of 40 μg/ml before the total RNA were extracted, mRNA expression of Survivin, Caspase-3, N-Cadherin, E-Cadherin, Fibronectinl and Cox-2 were detected using RT-PCR. Results： ART reduced proliferation in human endometrial carcinoma cell line HEC-1B in a dose- and time-dependent effect. The cells of G0/G1 stage were significantly increased （P〈0.05）, but the cells of G2/M stages were significantly decreased （P〈0.05）, so it has shown that the cell cycle was probably blocked in G0/G1 stage. After intervention with ART at 20 and 80 μg/ml for 48 h, cellular apoptosis rate respectively was （36.42±0.77）% and （11.77±0.58）%, and the difference was statistically significant compared with the control （[6.64±0.191%, P〈0.01）. The expression of Cox-2 mRNA in the ART group was lower than those of control group, yet the expression of Caspase-3 and E-Cadherin mRNA in the ART group was higher than those of control group. Conclusion： ART can inhibit HEC-1B cell growth and proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Furthermore, ART can induce apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. ART is able to downregulate Cox-2 mRNA expression and to upregulate E-Cadherin and Caspase-3 mRNA expression. So we can conclude that ART could induce the endometrial carcinoma HEC-1B cell apoptosis and inhibit tumor cell proliferation.

Exposure to ephedrine attenuates Th1/Th2 imbalance underlying OVA-induced asthma through airway epithelial cell-derived exo-somal lnc-TRPM2-AS

Although various anti-inflammatory medications,such as ephedrine,are employed to manage cough-variant asthma,their underlying mechanisms are yet to be fully understood.Recent studies suggest that exosomes derived from airway epithelial cells(AECs)contain components like messenger RNAs(mRNAs),micro-RNAs(miRNAs),and long noncoding RNA(lncRNA),which play roles in the occurrence and progression of airway inflammation.This study investigates the influence of AEC-derived exosomes on the efficacy of ephedrine in treating cough-variant asthma.We established a mouse model of asthma and measured airway resist-ance and serum inflammatory cell levels.Real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR),Western blotting,and enzyme-linked im-munosorbent assay(ELISA)analyses were used to assess gene and protein expression levels.Exosomes were isolated and character-ized.RNA immunoprecipitation(RIP)and RNA pull-down assays were conducted to examine the interaction between hnRNPA2B1 and lnc-TRPM2-AS1.In the ovalbumin(OVA)-challenged mouse model,ephedrine treatment reduced inflammatory responses,air-way resistance,and Th1/Th2 cell imbalance.Exosomes from OVA-treated AECs showed elevated levels of lnc-TRPM2-AS1,which were diminished following ephedrine treatment.The exosomal lnc-TRPM2-AS1 mediated the Th1/Th2 imbalance in CD4^(+)T cells,with its packaging into exosomes being facilitated by hnRNPA2B1.This study unveils a novel mechanism by which ephedrine ameli-orates OVA-induced CD4^(+)T cell imbalance by suppressing AEC-derived exosomal lnc-TRPM2-AS1.These findings could provide a theoretical framework for using ephedrine in asthma treatment.

LncRNA ZFPM2-AS1 promotes phyllodes tumor progression by binding to CDC42 and inhibiting STAT1 activation

Breast phyllodes tumor(PT)is a rare fibroepithelial neoplasm with potential malignant behavior.Long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)play multifaceted roles in various cancers,but their involvement in breast PT remains largely unexplored.In this study,microarray was leveraged for the first time to investigate the role of lncRNA in PT.We identified lncRNA ZFPM2-AS1 was significantly upregulated in malignant PT,and its overexpression endowed PT with high tumor grade and adverse prognosis.Furthermore,we elucidated that ZFPM2-AS1 promotes the proliferation,migration,and invasion of malignant PT in vitro.Targeting ZFPM2-AS1 through nanomaterial-mediated siRNA delivery in patient-derived xenograft(PDX)model could effectively inhibit tumor progression in vivo.Mechanistically,our findings showed that ZFPM2-AS1 is competitively bound to CDC42,inhibiting ACK1 and STAT1 activation,thereby launching the transcription of TNFRSF19.In conclusion,our study provides evidence that ZFPM2-AS1 plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of breast PT,and suggests that ZFPM2-AS1 could serve as a prognostic indicator for patients with PT as well as a promising novel therapeutic target.

子宫内膜癌HEC-1-A细胞G1期同步化研究

目的探讨洛伐他汀（Lov）诱导子宫内膜癌细胞株HEC-1-A G1期同步化的方法及HEC-1-A细胞解除G1期同步化后的细胞周期进程。方法Kit-8细胞计数（CCK-8）法测定HEC-1-A细胞的倍增时间，采用10、20、30、40μmol／L的Lov作用1×细胞倍增时间，采用流式细胞术检测G1期细胞的比例，获得G1期同步化的最佳Lov浓度；采用最佳浓度作用HEC-1-A细胞，于作用后0．5×倍增时间-2×倍增时间内，每隔4h检测同步化程度，获得最佳浓度Lov作用下的最佳同步化时间；解除G1期同步化，每隔4h检测一次，研究HEC-1-A细胞解除G1期同步化后的细胞周期进程。结果CCK-8法检测显示HEC-1-A细胞的倍增时间约为24h；HEC-1-A细胞的最佳G1期同步化条件为：40μmol／L Lov作用28h，可获取G1期细胞（87．87±0．70）％；HEC-1-A细胞于解除G1期同步化后20h，获得最大量的S期细胞，为（33．58±0．62）％；同时G1期细胞比例达到最低，为（58．42±0．54）％。结论40μmol／L Lov作用28h，可获得最大量G1期细胞；解除G1期同步化后20h，S期细胞比例最高，G1期细胞比例达到最低，达到满意的G1期同步化效果。

CRISPR/Cas9技术联合脂质体转染子宫内膜癌细胞单质粒基因敲除方法首次编辑免疫相关基因HLA-DRA

背景:HLA-DR基因异常表达与多种肿瘤的进展及预后相关,采用CRISPR/Cas9技术编辑子宫内膜癌HLA-DRA基因的研究目前国内外尚未见报道。目的:利用CRISPR/Cas9技术对HEC-1-A细胞的HLA-DRA基因靶向敲除,检测其敲除效率,并初步探索HLA-DRA基因的功能。方法:根据HLA-DRA基因序列,针对HLA-DRA外显子设计单链向导RNA(sgRNA),分别将sgRNA、CRISPR/Cas9、增强绿色荧光蛋白和嘌呤霉素抗性克隆至YKO载体中,通过脂质体将sgRNA表达质粒转染到HEC-1-A细胞中。根据荧光表达,观察评估sgRNA敲除效果后,使用表达sgRNA的质粒进行转染,用最佳浓度的嘌呤霉素筛选,获得稳定的绿色荧光蛋白阳性表达细胞后,进行PCR、基因测序、转录组测序。结果与结论:经转染和嘌呤霉素筛选后,获得稳定表达绿色荧光蛋白的HEC-1-A细胞,对其进行Sanger测序分析,结果显示HEC-1-A细胞中HLA-DRA第一号外显子基因被定向敲除,对转录组测序结果进行差异基因筛选,根据筛选所得686个差异表达基因进行GO富集分析和KEGG富集分析,构建蛋白互作网络图,通过对肿瘤增殖分化有关差异基因分析发现COL3A1、BCL2A1、TACSTD2、CXCR2等基因表达上调,GNG11、BMP7、IL1RN、PLEK2、CDH6等基因表达下调。结果可见,HLA-DRA基因参与了多种器官、组织和细胞的功能调控过程。此外,HLA-DRA基因可能通过2种途径(上调/下调)调控子宫内膜腺癌细胞的增殖、分化、迁移及侵袭过程。此研究建立了CRISPR/Cas9技术联合脂质体转染子宫内膜癌细胞的单质粒基因敲除方法,首次敲除子宫内膜癌免疫相关基因HLA-DRA,为子宫内膜癌免疫治疗的研究奠定实验基础。

三氧化二砷抑制子宫内膜癌生长的体内外实验研究

目的：探讨三氧化二砷（arsenic trioxide，ATO）对人子宫内膜癌HEC-1-A细胞生长的抑制作用。方法：采用MTT法比较ATO、孕酮、安宫黄体酮（medroxyprogesterone acetate，MPA）和顺铂（cisplatin，CDDP）对HEC-1-A细胞的抑制作用，应用FCM和DNA电泳检测ATO对细胞周期和细胞凋亡的影响。建立裸鼠人子宫内膜癌移植瘤动物模型，随机分为ATO低（4mg·kg^-1·d^-1）、中（6mg·kg^-1·d^-1）、高（8mg·kg^-1·d^-1）剂量组、阳性对照CDDP组（3mg·kg^-1·d^-1）及阴性对照组，腹腔连续给药14d，计算肿瘤体积和肿瘤质量抑制率。结果：1-20μmol／L ATO和CDDP可明显抑制细胞生长，且ATO对细胞的抑制作用强于CDDP。5μmol／L ATO作用后可导致细胞凋亡，并使细胞周期阻滞于S和G2／M期。低、中、高剂量ATO组和CDDP组的肿瘤体积抑制率分别为50.97％、75.58％、56.92％和52.23％，肿瘤质量抑制率分别为10.15％、29.33％、16.67％和14.69％，与阴性对照组相比差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：ATO可抑制HEC-1-A细胞及鼠荷入子宫内膜癌移植瘤的生长，有望成为治疗子宫内膜癌的新型药物。

Discovery of [1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine derivatives as new bromodomain-containing protein 4(BRD4) inhibitors

Targeting bromodomain-containing protein 4(BRD4) has been proved to be an effective strategy for cancer therapy.To date,numerous BRD4 inhibitors and degraders have been identified,some of which have advanced into clinical trials.In this work,a focused library of new [1,2,4]triazolo [1,5-a]pyrimidine derivatives were discovered to be able to inhibit BRD4.WS-722 inactivated BRD4(BD1/BD2),BRD2(BD1/BD2) and BRD3(BD1/BD2) broadly with the IC_(50) values less than 5 μmol/L.Besides,WS-722 inhibited growth of THP-1 cells with an IC_(50) value of 3.86 μmol/L.Like(+)-JQ1,WS-722 inhibited BRD4 in a reversible manner and enhanced protein stability.Docking studies showed that WS-722 occupied the central acetyl-lysine(Kac) binding cavity and formed a hydrogen bond with Asn140.In THP-1 cells,WS-722 showed target engagement to BRD4.Cellular effects of WS-722 on THP-1 cells were also examined,showing that WS-722 could block c-MYC expression,induce G0/G1 phase arrest and p21 up-regulation,and promote differentiation of THP-1 cells.BRD4 inhibition by WS-722 resulted in cell apoptosis and upregulated expression of cleaved caspased-3/7 and PARP in THP-1 cell lines.The [1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine is a new template for the development of new BRD4 inhibitors.

Self-oxygenated co-assembled biomimetic nanoplatform for enhanced photodynamic therapy in hypoxic tumor

Photodynamic therapy(PDT)has shown great application potential in cancer treatment and the important manifestation of PDT in the inhibition of tumors is the activation of immunogenic cell death(ICD)effects.However,the strategy is limited in the innate hypoxic tumor microenvironment.There are two key elements for the realization of enhanced PDT:specific cellular uptake and release of the photosensitizer in the tumor,and a sufficient amount of oxygen to ensure photodynamic efficiency.Herein,self-oxygenated biomimetic nanoparticles(CS@M NPs)co-assembled by photosensitizer prodrug(Ce6-S-S-LA)and squalene(SQ)were engineered.In the treatment of triple negative breast cancer(TNBC),the oxygen carried by SQ can be converted to reactive oxygen species(ROS).Meanwhile,glutathione(GSH)consumption during transformation from Ce6-S-S-LA to chlorin e6(Ce6)avoided the depletion of ROS.The co-assembled(CS NPs)were encapsulated by homologous tumor cell membrane to improve the tumor targeting.The results showed that the ICD effect of CS@M NPs was confirmed by the significant release of calreticulin(CRT)and high mobility group protein B1(HMGB1),and it significantly activated the immune system by inhibiting the hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha(HIF-1α)-CD39-CD73-adenosine a2a receptor(A2AR)pathway,which not only promoted the maturation of dendritic cells(DC)and the presentation of tumor specific antigens,but also induced effective immune infiltration of tumors.Overall,the integrated nanoplatform implements the concept of multiple advantages of tumor targeting,reactive drug release,and synergistic photodynamic therapy-immunotherapy,which can achieve nearly 90%tumor suppression rate in orthotopic TNBC models.