High-intensity earthquakes can cause severe damage to bridges,buildings,and ground surfaces,as well as disrupt human activities.Such earthquakes can create long-distance,high-intensity surface movements that negativel...High-intensity earthquakes can cause severe damage to bridges,buildings,and ground surfaces,as well as disrupt human activities.Such earthquakes can create long-distance,high-intensity surface movements that negatively impact bridge structures.This article delves into the seismic reduction and isolation design strategies for bridges in high-intensity earthquake areas.It analyzes various seismic reduction and isolation technologies and provides case studies to help relevant units understand the design strategies of these technologies.The results of this article can be used as a guideline to effectively enhance the seismic performance of bridges in high-intensity earthquake areas.展开更多
In order to clarify the danger of water breakout in the bottom plate of extra-thick coal seam mining, 2202 working face of a mine in the west is taken as the research object, and it is proposed to use the on-site moni...In order to clarify the danger of water breakout in the bottom plate of extra-thick coal seam mining, 2202 working face of a mine in the west is taken as the research object, and it is proposed to use the on-site monitoring means combining borehole peeping and microseismic monitoring, combined with the theoretical analysis to analyze the danger of water breakout in the bottom plate. The results show that: 1) the theoretically calculated maximum damage depth of the bottom plate is 27.5 m, and its layer is located above the Austrian ash aquifer, which has the danger of water breakout;2) the drill hole peeping at the bottom plate of the working face shows that the depth of the bottom plate fissure development reaches 26 m, and the integrity of the water barrier layer has been damaged, so there is the risk of water breakout;3) for the microseismic monitoring of the anomalous area, the bottom plate of the return air downstream channel occurs in the field with a one-week lag, which shows that microseismic monitoring events may reflect the water breakout of the underground. This shows that the microseismic monitoring events can reflect the changes of the underground flow field, which can provide a reference basis for the early warning of water breakout. The research results can provide reference for the prediction of sudden water hazard.展开更多
Neuropathy is nerve damage that can cause chronic neuropathic pain, which is challenging to cure and has a significant financial burden. Exercise therapies, including High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) and steady...Neuropathy is nerve damage that can cause chronic neuropathic pain, which is challenging to cure and has a significant financial burden. Exercise therapies, including High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) and steady-state cardio, are being explored as potential treatments for neuropathic pain. This systematic review compares the effectiveness of HIIT and steady-state cardio for improving function in neurological patients. This article provides an overview of the systematic review conducted on the effects of exercise on neuropathic patients, with a focus on high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and steady-state cardio. The authors conducted a comprehensive search of various databases, identified relevant studies based on predetermined inclusion criteria, and used the EPPI automation application to process the data. The final selection of studies was based on validity and relevance, with redundant articles removed. The article reviews four studies that compare high-intensity interval training (HIIT) to moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on various health outcomes. The studies found that HIIT can improve aerobic fitness, cerebral blood flow, and brain function in stroke patients;lower diastolic blood pressure more than MICT and improve insulin sensitivity and skeletal muscle mitochondrial content in obese individuals, potentially helping with the prevention and management of type 2 diabetes. In people with multiple sclerosis, acute exercise can decrease the plasma neurofilament light chain while increasing the flow of the kynurenine pathway. The available clinical and preclinical data suggest that further study on high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and its potential to alleviate neuropathic pain is justified. Randomized controlled trials are needed to investigate the type, intensity, frequency, and duration of exercise, which could lead to consensus and specific HIIT-based advice for patients with neuropathies.展开更多
Background:As the effectiveness of breast cancer treatment has improved,a growing number of long-term breast cancer survivors are seeking help for unique health problems.These patients may be at increased risk of card...Background:As the effectiveness of breast cancer treatment has improved,a growing number of long-term breast cancer survivors are seeking help for unique health problems.These patients may be at increased risk of cardiovascular disease due to the side effects of treatment.The positive impact of most types of exercise has been repeatedly reported in people with cancer,but the most effective exercise approaches for maximum beneficial adaptations remain controversial.Thus,this study aimed to compare the effects of high-intensity interval training(HIIT)and moderate-intensity continuous training(MICT) on inflammatory indices,adipokines,metabolic markers,body composition,cardiorespiratory fitness,and quality of life in breast cancer patients during adjuvant endocrine therapy.Methods:Thirty non-metastatic breast cancer patients during adjuvant endocrine therapy who had been treated with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy were recruited from Iran and randomized to HIIT,MICT,or control groups for a supervised exercise intervention that took place 3 times a week for 12 weeks.The training intensity was determed based on the peak oxygen uptake(VO2peak),and the volume of training was matched in HIIT and MICT based on the VO2peak.Body composition,functional capacity,cardiorespiratory fitness,metabolic indices,sex hormones,adipokines,and inflammatory markers were assessed before and after the intervention.Results:The VO2peakincreased by 16.8% in the HIIT group in comparison to baseline values(mean difference=3.61 mL/kg/min).HIIT significantly improved the VO2peakcompared to control(mean difference=3.609 mL/kg/min) and MICT(mean differences=2.974 mL/kg/min)groups.Both HIIT(mean difference=9.172 mg/dL) and MICT(mean difference=7.879 mg/dL) interventions significantly increased highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol levels compared to the control group.The analysis of covariance showed that physical well-being significantly improved in MICT compared to control group(mean difference=3.268).HIIT significantly improved the social well-being compared to the control group(mean difference=4.412).Emotional well-being subscale was significantly improved in both MICT(mean difference=4.248)and HIIT(mean difference=4.412) compared to the control group.Functional well-being scores significantly increased in HIIT group compared with control group(mean difference=3.35).Significant increase were also observed in total functional assessment of cancer therapy-General scores in both HIIT(mean difference=14.204) and MICT groups(mean difference=10.036) compared with control group.The serum level of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 increased significantly(mean difference=0.09 pg/mL) in the HIIT group compared to the baseline.There were no significant differences between groups for body weight,body mass index,fasting blood glucose,insulin resistance,sex hormone binding globulin,total cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,adipokines,interleukin-6,tumor necrosis factor-a,or interleukin-10.Conclusion:HIIT can be used as a safe,feasible,and time-efficient intervention to improve cardiovascular fitness in breast cancer patients.Both HIIT and MICT modalities enhance quality of life.Further large-scale studies will help determine whether these promising results translate into improved clinical and oncological outcomes.展开更多
A simulation code,GOAT,is developed to simulate single-bunch intensity-dependent effects and their interplay in the proton ring of the Electron-Ion Collider in China(EicC)project.GOAT is a scalable and portable macrop...A simulation code,GOAT,is developed to simulate single-bunch intensity-dependent effects and their interplay in the proton ring of the Electron-Ion Collider in China(EicC)project.GOAT is a scalable and portable macroparticle tracking code written in Python and coded by object-oriented programming technology.It allows for transverse and longitudinal tracking,including impedance,space charge effect,electron cloud effect,and beam-beam interaction.In this paper,physical models and numerical approaches for the four types of high-intensity effects,together with the benchmark results obtained through other simulation codes or theories,are presented and discussed.In addition,a numerical application of the cross-talk simulation between the beam-beam interaction and transverse impedance is shown,and a dipole instability is observed below the respective instability threshold.Different mitigation measures implemented in the code are used to suppress the instability.The flexibility,completeness,and advancement demonstrate that GOAT is a powerful tool for beam dynamics studies in the EicC project or other high-intensity accelerators.展开更多
BACKGROUND Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcomas,also known as spindle cell sarcomas,are a relatively uncommon subtype of soft tissue sarcomas in clinical practice.CASE SUMMARY We present a case report of a 69-year-ol...BACKGROUND Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcomas,also known as spindle cell sarcomas,are a relatively uncommon subtype of soft tissue sarcomas in clinical practice.CASE SUMMARY We present a case report of a 69-year-old female patient who was diagnosed with undifferentiated spindle cell soft tissue sarcoma on her left thigh.Surgical excision was initially performed,but the patient experienced a local recurrence following multiple surgeries and radioactive particle implantations.High-intensity focused ultrasound(HIFU)was subsequently administered,resulting in complete ablation of the sarcoma without any significant complications other than bone damage at the treated site.However,approximately four months later,the patient experienced a broken lesion at the original location.After further diagnostic workup,the patient underwent additional surgery and is currently stable with a good quality of life.CONCLUSION HIFU has shown positive outcomes in achieving local control of limb spindle cell sarcoma,making it an effective non-invasive treatment option.展开更多
Background: High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) has been introduced to improve skin laxity in recent years. However, very few studies have evaluated the safety and effectiveness of HIFU in Chinese populations. Me...Background: High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) has been introduced to improve skin laxity in recent years. However, very few studies have evaluated the safety and effectiveness of HIFU in Chinese populations. Methods: In the study, 30 Chinese participants underwent HIFU (Bolida, Inc., Changsha, China) rejuvenation between February 1, 2022, and September 30, 2022. There were three different focal depths used depending on the area where shots were captured (4.5 mm, 4 MHz;3 mm, 7 MHz;1.5 mm, 7 MHz). After 3 months and 6 months of treatment, efficacy and safety were assessed by quantitative analysis. Results: Patients were satisfied with the clinical effects of HIFU rejuvenation after one session. In terms of effectiveness, HIFU was most successful in areas around the jawline, cheek, and perioral. In four cases, erythema was observed, in two cases, swollen gums were seen, but all of these effects were transient and mild. Conclusion: Bolida system can be safe and effective for facial tightening, additionally, they are most effective for jawline, cheek, and perioral improvements. In clinical practice, the Bolida system can be recommended as a reliable treatment option. .展开更多
AIM:To analyze whether high-intensity focused ultrasound(HIFU) ablation is an effective bridging therapy for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).METHODS:From January 2007 to December 2010,49 consecutive HCC pa...AIM:To analyze whether high-intensity focused ultrasound(HIFU) ablation is an effective bridging therapy for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).METHODS:From January 2007 to December 2010,49 consecutive HCC patients were listed for liver transplantation(UCSF criteria).The median waiting time for transplantation was 9.5 mo.Twenty-nine patients received transarterial chemoembolization(TACE) as a bringing therapy and 16 patients received no treatment before transplantation.Five patients received HIFU ablation as a bridging therapy.Another five patients with the same tumor staging(within the UCSF criteria) who received HIFU ablation but not on the transplant list were included for comparison.Patients were comparable in terms of Child-Pugh and model for end-stage liver disease scores,tumor size and number,and cause of cirrhosis.RESULTS:The HIFU group and TACE group showed no difference in terms of tumor size and tumor number.One patient in the HIFU group and no patient in the TACE group had gross ascites.The median hospital stay was 1 d(range,1-21 d) in the TACE group and two days(range,1-9 d) in the HIFU group(P < 0.000).No HIFU-related complication occurred.In the HIFU group,nine patients(90%) had complete response and one patient(10%) had partial response to the treatment.In the TACE group,only one patient(3%) had response to the treatment while 14 patients(48%) had stable disease and 14 patients(48%) had progressive disease(P = 0.00).Seven patients in the TACE group and no patient in the HIFU group dropped out from the transplant waiting list(P = 0.559).CONCLUSION:HIFU ablation is safe and effective in the treatment of HCC for patients with advanced cirrhosis.It may reduce the drop-out rate of liver transplant candidate.展开更多
AIM:To evaluate the safety and clinical application of high-intensity focused ultrasound(HIFU)therapy for unresectable pancreatic cancer(PC).METHODS:Thirty PC patients(16 cases in stage III and 14 cases in stage IV)wi...AIM:To evaluate the safety and clinical application of high-intensity focused ultrasound(HIFU)therapy for unresectable pancreatic cancer(PC).METHODS:Thirty PC patients(16 cases in stage III and 14 cases in stage IV)with visualized pancreatic tumors were admitted for HIFU therapy as an optional local therapy in addition to systemic chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy.Informed consent was obtained.This study began at the end of 2008 and was approved by the ethics committee of our hospital[Institutional Review Board(IRB):890].The HIFU device used was the FEP-BY02(Yuande Bio-Medical Engineering,Beijing,China).RESULTS:The mean tumor size after HIFU therapy changed to 30.9±1.7 mm from 31.7±1.7 mm at pre-therapy.There were no significant changes in tumor size,mean number of treatment sessions(2.7±0.1 mm),or mean total treatment time(2.4±0.1 h).The rate of symptom relief effect was 66.7%.The effectiveness of primary lesion treatment was as follows:complete response,0;partial response,4;stable disease,22;progressive disease,4.Treatment after HIFU therapy included 2 operations,24 chemotherapy treatments,and 4 best supportive care treatments.Adverse events occurred in 10%of cases,namely pseudocyst formation in 2 cases and mild pancreatitis development in 1.However,no severe adverse events occurred in this study.CONCLUSION:We suggest that HIFU therapy is safe and has the potential to be a new method of combination therapy for PC.展开更多
BACKGROUND: High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is a non-invasive method of solid tissue ablation therapy. However, only a few studies have reported the effect of HIFU for unresectable pancreatic cancer. This stu...BACKGROUND: High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is a non-invasive method of solid tissue ablation therapy. However, only a few studies have reported the effect of HIFU for unresectable pancreatic cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical benefits, survival time and complications associated with the use of HIFU ablation in patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer. METHODS: Twenty-five patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer were enrolled in our study. All patients received HIFU therapy for tumors at least once. The therapeutic effects of HIFU was evaluated in terms of Karnofsky performance status (KPS) scores, pain relief, serum CA19-9, and imaging by B-US and CT before and after the therapy. We also recorded median overall survival time and complications caused by the treatment. RESULTS: In the 25 patients, KPS scores were above 60, and increased KPS was observed in 23 patients after treatment. Pain relief occurred in 23 patients. Serum CA19-9 levels were significantly reduced one month after HIFU treatment and became negative in 5 patients. B-US revealed enhanced tumor echogenicity in 13 patients and decreased tumor blood supply in 9. Tumor necrosis was confirmed by CT in 8 patients one month after HIFU treatment. The median overall survival time was 10 months, and the 1-year survival rate was 42%. No severe complications were observed after HIFU treatment. CONCLUSION: HIFU can effectively relieve pain, increase KPS, decrease tumor growth and prolong the survival time of patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer.展开更多
AIM:To investigate whether tumor debris created by high-intensity focused ultrasound(HIFU)could trigger antitumor immunity in a mouse hepatocellular carcinoma model. METHODS:Twenty C57BL/6J mice bearing H22 hepatocell...AIM:To investigate whether tumor debris created by high-intensity focused ultrasound(HIFU)could trigger antitumor immunity in a mouse hepatocellular carcinoma model. METHODS:Twenty C57BL/6J mice bearing H22 hepatocellular carcinoma were used to generate antitumor vaccines.Ten mice underwent HIFU ablation,and the remaining 10 mice received a sham-HIFU procedure with no ultrasound irradiation.Sixty normal mice were randomly divided into HIFU vaccine,tumor vaccine and control groups.These mice were immunized with HIFU-generated vaccine,tumor-generated vaccine,and saline,respectively.In addition,20 mice bearing H22 tumors were successfully treated with HIFU ablation. The protective immunity of the vaccinated mice was investigated before and after a subsequent H22 tumor challenge.Using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5- diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay,the cytotoxicity of splenic lymphocytes co-cultured with H22 cells wasdetermined in vitro before the tumor challenge,and tumor volume and survival were measured in vivo after the challenge in each group.The mechanism was also explored by loading the vaccines with bone marrowderived dendritic cells(DCs). RESULTS:Compared to the control,HIFU therapy, tumor-generated and HIFU-generated vaccines significantly increased cytolytic activity against H22 cells in the splenocytes of the vaccinated mice(P<0.001). The tumor volume was significantly smaller in the HIFU vaccine group than in the tumor vaccine group(P <0.05)and control group(P<0.01).However,there was no tumor growth after H22 rechallenge in the HIFU therapy group.Forty-eight-day survival rate was 100%in mice in the HIFU therapy group,30%in both the HIFU vaccine and tumor vaccine groups,and 20% in the control group,indicating that the HIFU-treated mice displayed significantly longer survival than the vaccinated mice in the remaining three groups(P< 0.001).After bone marrow-derived DCs were incubated with HIFU-generated and tumor-generated vaccines, the number of mature DCs expressing MHC-Ⅱ + ,CD80 + and CD86 + molecules was significantly increased,and interleukin-12 and interferon-γlevels were significantly higher in the supernatants when compared with immature DCs incubated with mouse serum(P<0.001). However,no differences of the number of mature DCs and cytokine levels were observed between the HIFU- generated and tumor-generated vaccines(P>0.05). CONCLUSION:Tumor debris remaining after HIFU can improve tumor immunogenicity.This debris releases tumor antigens as an effective vaccine to develop host antitumor immune response after HIFU ablation.展开更多
The effects of high-intensity pulsed electromagnetic stimulation (HIPEMS) on proliferation and differentiation of neonatal rat neural stem cells in vitro were investigated. Neural stem cells derived from neonatal ra...The effects of high-intensity pulsed electromagnetic stimulation (HIPEMS) on proliferation and differentiation of neonatal rat neural stem cells in vitro were investigated. Neural stem cells derived from neonatal rats were exposed to 0.1 Hz, 0.5–10 Tesla (T) [8 groups of B–I, respectively], 5 stimuli of HIPEMF. The sham exposure controls were correspondingly established. Inverted phase contrast microscope was used to observe the cultured cells, MTT assay to detect the viability of the cells as expressed by absorbance (A) value, and flow cytometry to measure differentiation of neural stem cells. The results showed that A values of neural stem cells in both 3.0 T and 4.0 T groups were significantly higher than the other groups 24 to 168 h post HPEMS, indicating a strong promotion of the growth of neural stem cells (P〈0.05). The A values of neural stem cells in the 6.0 T, 8.0 T, and 10.0 T groups were lower than the sham exposure control group, indicating a restraint of the growth of neural stem cells. The rate of neuron-specific enolase-positive neurons revealed by flow cytometry in HPEMS groups was the same as that in control group (P〉0.05). It was suggested that 0.1 Hz, 5 pulses stimulation of HPEMS within certain scale of intensity (0.5–10.0 T), significantly promoted the growth of neural stem cells with the rational intensity being 4.0 T.展开更多
AIM To determine the impact ofm low volume high-intensity interval training(LVHIIT) and continuous low to moderate-intensity exercise training(CLMIT) on cardiovascular disease(CVD) risk and health outcomes in cancer s...AIM To determine the impact ofm low volume high-intensity interval training(LVHIIT) and continuous low to moderate-intensity exercise training(CLMIT) on cardiovascular disease(CVD) risk and health outcomes in cancer survivors.METHODS Sedentary cancer survivors(n=75,aged 51±12year)within 24 months of diagnosis,were randomised into three groups for 12 wk of LVHIIT(n=25),CLMIT(n=25)or control group(n=25).The exercise intervention involved 36 sessions(three sessions per week).The LVHIIT group performed 7 x 30 s intervals(≥85%predicted maximal heart rate)with a 60 s rest between intervals,and the CLMIT group performed continuous aerobic training for 20 min(≤55%predicted maximal heart rate)on a stationary bike.Outcome variables were measured at baseline and at12 weeks and analysed using a 3 x 2(group x time)repeated measures ANCOVA to evaluate main and interaction effects.RESULTS Significant improvements(time)were observed for seven of the 22 variables(ES 0.35-0.97,P≤0.05).There was an interaction effect(P<0.01)after 12 in the LVHIIT group for six-minute walk test(P<0.01;d=0.97;95%CI:0.36,1.56;large),sit to stand test(P<0.01;d=-0.83;95%CI:-1.40,-0.22;large)and waist circumference reduction(P=0.01;d=-0.48;95%CI:-1.10,0.10;medium).An interaction effect(P<0.01)was also observed for quality of life in both the LVHIIT(d=1.11;95CI:0.50,1.72;large)and CLMIT(d=0.57;95%CI:-0.00,1.20;moderate)compared with the control group(d=-0.15;95%CI:-0.95,0.65;trivial).CONCLUSION Low-volume high-intensity training shows promise as an effective exercise prescription within the cancer population,showing greater improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness,lower body strength and waist circumference compared with traditional CLMIT and control groups.Both LVHIIT and CLMIT improved quality of life.A proposed benefit of LVHIIT is the short duration(3 min)of exercise required,which may entice more cancer survivors to participate in exercise,improving health outcomes and lowing the risk of CVD.展开更多
The scarcity of liver grafts in Asia leads to a significant dropout of patients from liver transplant waiting lists, particularly patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and a low model for end-stage liver disease scor...The scarcity of liver grafts in Asia leads to a significant dropout of patients from liver transplant waiting lists, particularly patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and a low model for end-stage liver disease score. In order to reduce dropping out, different bridging therapies are employed. We report the use of high-intensity focused ultrasound ablation as a bridging therapy for a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma of stage two and an extremely low platelet count (20×10 9 /L). The ablation was successful. Blood tests showed that his liver function was similar before and after the treatment. No adhesion was encountered in the liver transplantation performed six months later.展开更多
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcome of patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) treated by sequential therapy of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE),three-dimensional c...The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcome of patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) treated by sequential therapy of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE),three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy(3-DCRT) and high-intensity focused ultrasound(HIFU).From October,2005 to September,2010,120 patients with unresectable HCC received the sequential treatments of several courses of TACE followed in 2-4 weeks by 3-DCRT and then a single session of HIFU with a curative intent.The median tumor irradiation dose was 40 Gy.Tumor response,toxicity and overall survival rate were analyzed.Clinicopathologic factors affecting the primary technique effectiveness and overall survival rates were investigated by univariate analysis or multivariate analysis.All 120 HCC patients were followed up by the last follow-up time.Among these patients,hepatic toxicities due to treatment were notable in 9 cases.Gastrointestinal bleeding after the overall treatment occurred in 2 cases,leukopenia of grade III was detected in 1 case,radiation-induced liver disease(RILD) was observed in 2 patients,and first-and second-degree skin burn around the HIFU treatment zone were observed in 2 patients and 1 patient,respectively.Among 120 patients,23,83 and 14 cases achieved partial response,stable disease and progressive disease,respectively.The overall survival rates at 1 year,3 years and 5 years were 70%,35% and 15%,respectively,with a median survival time of 26 months.Both Child-Pugh liver function grading and radiation dose were determined to be independent predictors for overall survival revealed by the multivariate analysis.It is concluded that the sequential therapy of TACE,3-DCRT and HIFU is a promising therapeutic regimen for unresectable HCC.展开更多
文摘High-intensity earthquakes can cause severe damage to bridges,buildings,and ground surfaces,as well as disrupt human activities.Such earthquakes can create long-distance,high-intensity surface movements that negatively impact bridge structures.This article delves into the seismic reduction and isolation design strategies for bridges in high-intensity earthquake areas.It analyzes various seismic reduction and isolation technologies and provides case studies to help relevant units understand the design strategies of these technologies.The results of this article can be used as a guideline to effectively enhance the seismic performance of bridges in high-intensity earthquake areas.
文摘In order to clarify the danger of water breakout in the bottom plate of extra-thick coal seam mining, 2202 working face of a mine in the west is taken as the research object, and it is proposed to use the on-site monitoring means combining borehole peeping and microseismic monitoring, combined with the theoretical analysis to analyze the danger of water breakout in the bottom plate. The results show that: 1) the theoretically calculated maximum damage depth of the bottom plate is 27.5 m, and its layer is located above the Austrian ash aquifer, which has the danger of water breakout;2) the drill hole peeping at the bottom plate of the working face shows that the depth of the bottom plate fissure development reaches 26 m, and the integrity of the water barrier layer has been damaged, so there is the risk of water breakout;3) for the microseismic monitoring of the anomalous area, the bottom plate of the return air downstream channel occurs in the field with a one-week lag, which shows that microseismic monitoring events may reflect the water breakout of the underground. This shows that the microseismic monitoring events can reflect the changes of the underground flow field, which can provide a reference basis for the early warning of water breakout. The research results can provide reference for the prediction of sudden water hazard.
文摘Neuropathy is nerve damage that can cause chronic neuropathic pain, which is challenging to cure and has a significant financial burden. Exercise therapies, including High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) and steady-state cardio, are being explored as potential treatments for neuropathic pain. This systematic review compares the effectiveness of HIIT and steady-state cardio for improving function in neurological patients. This article provides an overview of the systematic review conducted on the effects of exercise on neuropathic patients, with a focus on high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and steady-state cardio. The authors conducted a comprehensive search of various databases, identified relevant studies based on predetermined inclusion criteria, and used the EPPI automation application to process the data. The final selection of studies was based on validity and relevance, with redundant articles removed. The article reviews four studies that compare high-intensity interval training (HIIT) to moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on various health outcomes. The studies found that HIIT can improve aerobic fitness, cerebral blood flow, and brain function in stroke patients;lower diastolic blood pressure more than MICT and improve insulin sensitivity and skeletal muscle mitochondrial content in obese individuals, potentially helping with the prevention and management of type 2 diabetes. In people with multiple sclerosis, acute exercise can decrease the plasma neurofilament light chain while increasing the flow of the kynurenine pathway. The available clinical and preclinical data suggest that further study on high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and its potential to alleviate neuropathic pain is justified. Randomized controlled trials are needed to investigate the type, intensity, frequency, and duration of exercise, which could lead to consensus and specific HIIT-based advice for patients with neuropathies.
基金supported by the Sport Sciences Research Institute of Iran
文摘Background:As the effectiveness of breast cancer treatment has improved,a growing number of long-term breast cancer survivors are seeking help for unique health problems.These patients may be at increased risk of cardiovascular disease due to the side effects of treatment.The positive impact of most types of exercise has been repeatedly reported in people with cancer,but the most effective exercise approaches for maximum beneficial adaptations remain controversial.Thus,this study aimed to compare the effects of high-intensity interval training(HIIT)and moderate-intensity continuous training(MICT) on inflammatory indices,adipokines,metabolic markers,body composition,cardiorespiratory fitness,and quality of life in breast cancer patients during adjuvant endocrine therapy.Methods:Thirty non-metastatic breast cancer patients during adjuvant endocrine therapy who had been treated with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy were recruited from Iran and randomized to HIIT,MICT,or control groups for a supervised exercise intervention that took place 3 times a week for 12 weeks.The training intensity was determed based on the peak oxygen uptake(VO2peak),and the volume of training was matched in HIIT and MICT based on the VO2peak.Body composition,functional capacity,cardiorespiratory fitness,metabolic indices,sex hormones,adipokines,and inflammatory markers were assessed before and after the intervention.Results:The VO2peakincreased by 16.8% in the HIIT group in comparison to baseline values(mean difference=3.61 mL/kg/min).HIIT significantly improved the VO2peakcompared to control(mean difference=3.609 mL/kg/min) and MICT(mean differences=2.974 mL/kg/min)groups.Both HIIT(mean difference=9.172 mg/dL) and MICT(mean difference=7.879 mg/dL) interventions significantly increased highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol levels compared to the control group.The analysis of covariance showed that physical well-being significantly improved in MICT compared to control group(mean difference=3.268).HIIT significantly improved the social well-being compared to the control group(mean difference=4.412).Emotional well-being subscale was significantly improved in both MICT(mean difference=4.248)and HIIT(mean difference=4.412) compared to the control group.Functional well-being scores significantly increased in HIIT group compared with control group(mean difference=3.35).Significant increase were also observed in total functional assessment of cancer therapy-General scores in both HIIT(mean difference=14.204) and MICT groups(mean difference=10.036) compared with control group.The serum level of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 increased significantly(mean difference=0.09 pg/mL) in the HIIT group compared to the baseline.There were no significant differences between groups for body weight,body mass index,fasting blood glucose,insulin resistance,sex hormone binding globulin,total cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,adipokines,interleukin-6,tumor necrosis factor-a,or interleukin-10.Conclusion:HIIT can be used as a safe,feasible,and time-efficient intervention to improve cardiovascular fitness in breast cancer patients.Both HIIT and MICT modalities enhance quality of life.Further large-scale studies will help determine whether these promising results translate into improved clinical and oncological outcomes.
基金supported by the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars (No.11825505)the National Key R&D Program of China (No.2019YFA0405400)。
文摘A simulation code,GOAT,is developed to simulate single-bunch intensity-dependent effects and their interplay in the proton ring of the Electron-Ion Collider in China(EicC)project.GOAT is a scalable and portable macroparticle tracking code written in Python and coded by object-oriented programming technology.It allows for transverse and longitudinal tracking,including impedance,space charge effect,electron cloud effect,and beam-beam interaction.In this paper,physical models and numerical approaches for the four types of high-intensity effects,together with the benchmark results obtained through other simulation codes or theories,are presented and discussed.In addition,a numerical application of the cross-talk simulation between the beam-beam interaction and transverse impedance is shown,and a dipole instability is observed below the respective instability threshold.Different mitigation measures implemented in the code are used to suppress the instability.The flexibility,completeness,and advancement demonstrate that GOAT is a powerful tool for beam dynamics studies in the EicC project or other high-intensity accelerators.
文摘BACKGROUND Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcomas,also known as spindle cell sarcomas,are a relatively uncommon subtype of soft tissue sarcomas in clinical practice.CASE SUMMARY We present a case report of a 69-year-old female patient who was diagnosed with undifferentiated spindle cell soft tissue sarcoma on her left thigh.Surgical excision was initially performed,but the patient experienced a local recurrence following multiple surgeries and radioactive particle implantations.High-intensity focused ultrasound(HIFU)was subsequently administered,resulting in complete ablation of the sarcoma without any significant complications other than bone damage at the treated site.However,approximately four months later,the patient experienced a broken lesion at the original location.After further diagnostic workup,the patient underwent additional surgery and is currently stable with a good quality of life.CONCLUSION HIFU has shown positive outcomes in achieving local control of limb spindle cell sarcoma,making it an effective non-invasive treatment option.
文摘Background: High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) has been introduced to improve skin laxity in recent years. However, very few studies have evaluated the safety and effectiveness of HIFU in Chinese populations. Methods: In the study, 30 Chinese participants underwent HIFU (Bolida, Inc., Changsha, China) rejuvenation between February 1, 2022, and September 30, 2022. There were three different focal depths used depending on the area where shots were captured (4.5 mm, 4 MHz;3 mm, 7 MHz;1.5 mm, 7 MHz). After 3 months and 6 months of treatment, efficacy and safety were assessed by quantitative analysis. Results: Patients were satisfied with the clinical effects of HIFU rejuvenation after one session. In terms of effectiveness, HIFU was most successful in areas around the jawline, cheek, and perioral. In four cases, erythema was observed, in two cases, swollen gums were seen, but all of these effects were transient and mild. Conclusion: Bolida system can be safe and effective for facial tightening, additionally, they are most effective for jawline, cheek, and perioral improvements. In clinical practice, the Bolida system can be recommended as a reliable treatment option. .
文摘AIM:To analyze whether high-intensity focused ultrasound(HIFU) ablation is an effective bridging therapy for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).METHODS:From January 2007 to December 2010,49 consecutive HCC patients were listed for liver transplantation(UCSF criteria).The median waiting time for transplantation was 9.5 mo.Twenty-nine patients received transarterial chemoembolization(TACE) as a bringing therapy and 16 patients received no treatment before transplantation.Five patients received HIFU ablation as a bridging therapy.Another five patients with the same tumor staging(within the UCSF criteria) who received HIFU ablation but not on the transplant list were included for comparison.Patients were comparable in terms of Child-Pugh and model for end-stage liver disease scores,tumor size and number,and cause of cirrhosis.RESULTS:The HIFU group and TACE group showed no difference in terms of tumor size and tumor number.One patient in the HIFU group and no patient in the TACE group had gross ascites.The median hospital stay was 1 d(range,1-21 d) in the TACE group and two days(range,1-9 d) in the HIFU group(P < 0.000).No HIFU-related complication occurred.In the HIFU group,nine patients(90%) had complete response and one patient(10%) had partial response to the treatment.In the TACE group,only one patient(3%) had response to the treatment while 14 patients(48%) had stable disease and 14 patients(48%) had progressive disease(P = 0.00).Seven patients in the TACE group and no patient in the HIFU group dropped out from the transplant waiting list(P = 0.559).CONCLUSION:HIFU ablation is safe and effective in the treatment of HCC for patients with advanced cirrhosis.It may reduce the drop-out rate of liver transplant candidate.
基金Supported by The cancer research project group of Tokyo Medical University
文摘AIM:To evaluate the safety and clinical application of high-intensity focused ultrasound(HIFU)therapy for unresectable pancreatic cancer(PC).METHODS:Thirty PC patients(16 cases in stage III and 14 cases in stage IV)with visualized pancreatic tumors were admitted for HIFU therapy as an optional local therapy in addition to systemic chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy.Informed consent was obtained.This study began at the end of 2008 and was approved by the ethics committee of our hospital[Institutional Review Board(IRB):890].The HIFU device used was the FEP-BY02(Yuande Bio-Medical Engineering,Beijing,China).RESULTS:The mean tumor size after HIFU therapy changed to 30.9±1.7 mm from 31.7±1.7 mm at pre-therapy.There were no significant changes in tumor size,mean number of treatment sessions(2.7±0.1 mm),or mean total treatment time(2.4±0.1 h).The rate of symptom relief effect was 66.7%.The effectiveness of primary lesion treatment was as follows:complete response,0;partial response,4;stable disease,22;progressive disease,4.Treatment after HIFU therapy included 2 operations,24 chemotherapy treatments,and 4 best supportive care treatments.Adverse events occurred in 10%of cases,namely pseudocyst formation in 2 cases and mild pancreatitis development in 1.However,no severe adverse events occurred in this study.CONCLUSION:We suggest that HIFU therapy is safe and has the potential to be a new method of combination therapy for PC.
基金supported by grants from the Ministry of Health Research Foundation(WKJ2006-1-007)the Hunan Provincial National Science Foundation (11JJ5060)
文摘BACKGROUND: High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is a non-invasive method of solid tissue ablation therapy. However, only a few studies have reported the effect of HIFU for unresectable pancreatic cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical benefits, survival time and complications associated with the use of HIFU ablation in patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer. METHODS: Twenty-five patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer were enrolled in our study. All patients received HIFU therapy for tumors at least once. The therapeutic effects of HIFU was evaluated in terms of Karnofsky performance status (KPS) scores, pain relief, serum CA19-9, and imaging by B-US and CT before and after the therapy. We also recorded median overall survival time and complications caused by the treatment. RESULTS: In the 25 patients, KPS scores were above 60, and increased KPS was observed in 23 patients after treatment. Pain relief occurred in 23 patients. Serum CA19-9 levels were significantly reduced one month after HIFU treatment and became negative in 5 patients. B-US revealed enhanced tumor echogenicity in 13 patients and decreased tumor blood supply in 9. Tumor necrosis was confirmed by CT in 8 patients one month after HIFU treatment. The median overall survival time was 10 months, and the 1-year survival rate was 42%. No severe complications were observed after HIFU treatment. CONCLUSION: HIFU can effectively relieve pain, increase KPS, decrease tumor growth and prolong the survival time of patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer.
基金Supported by The Foundation of Ministry of Education of China,No.IRT0454
文摘AIM:To investigate whether tumor debris created by high-intensity focused ultrasound(HIFU)could trigger antitumor immunity in a mouse hepatocellular carcinoma model. METHODS:Twenty C57BL/6J mice bearing H22 hepatocellular carcinoma were used to generate antitumor vaccines.Ten mice underwent HIFU ablation,and the remaining 10 mice received a sham-HIFU procedure with no ultrasound irradiation.Sixty normal mice were randomly divided into HIFU vaccine,tumor vaccine and control groups.These mice were immunized with HIFU-generated vaccine,tumor-generated vaccine,and saline,respectively.In addition,20 mice bearing H22 tumors were successfully treated with HIFU ablation. The protective immunity of the vaccinated mice was investigated before and after a subsequent H22 tumor challenge.Using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5- diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay,the cytotoxicity of splenic lymphocytes co-cultured with H22 cells wasdetermined in vitro before the tumor challenge,and tumor volume and survival were measured in vivo after the challenge in each group.The mechanism was also explored by loading the vaccines with bone marrowderived dendritic cells(DCs). RESULTS:Compared to the control,HIFU therapy, tumor-generated and HIFU-generated vaccines significantly increased cytolytic activity against H22 cells in the splenocytes of the vaccinated mice(P<0.001). The tumor volume was significantly smaller in the HIFU vaccine group than in the tumor vaccine group(P <0.05)and control group(P<0.01).However,there was no tumor growth after H22 rechallenge in the HIFU therapy group.Forty-eight-day survival rate was 100%in mice in the HIFU therapy group,30%in both the HIFU vaccine and tumor vaccine groups,and 20% in the control group,indicating that the HIFU-treated mice displayed significantly longer survival than the vaccinated mice in the remaining three groups(P< 0.001).After bone marrow-derived DCs were incubated with HIFU-generated and tumor-generated vaccines, the number of mature DCs expressing MHC-Ⅱ + ,CD80 + and CD86 + molecules was significantly increased,and interleukin-12 and interferon-γlevels were significantly higher in the supernatants when compared with immature DCs incubated with mouse serum(P<0.001). However,no differences of the number of mature DCs and cytokine levels were observed between the HIFU- generated and tumor-generated vaccines(P>0.05). CONCLUSION:Tumor debris remaining after HIFU can improve tumor immunogenicity.This debris releases tumor antigens as an effective vaccine to develop host antitumor immune response after HIFU ablation.
文摘The effects of high-intensity pulsed electromagnetic stimulation (HIPEMS) on proliferation and differentiation of neonatal rat neural stem cells in vitro were investigated. Neural stem cells derived from neonatal rats were exposed to 0.1 Hz, 0.5–10 Tesla (T) [8 groups of B–I, respectively], 5 stimuli of HIPEMF. The sham exposure controls were correspondingly established. Inverted phase contrast microscope was used to observe the cultured cells, MTT assay to detect the viability of the cells as expressed by absorbance (A) value, and flow cytometry to measure differentiation of neural stem cells. The results showed that A values of neural stem cells in both 3.0 T and 4.0 T groups were significantly higher than the other groups 24 to 168 h post HPEMS, indicating a strong promotion of the growth of neural stem cells (P〈0.05). The A values of neural stem cells in the 6.0 T, 8.0 T, and 10.0 T groups were lower than the sham exposure control group, indicating a restraint of the growth of neural stem cells. The rate of neuron-specific enolase-positive neurons revealed by flow cytometry in HPEMS groups was the same as that in control group (P〉0.05). It was suggested that 0.1 Hz, 5 pulses stimulation of HPEMS within certain scale of intensity (0.5–10.0 T), significantly promoted the growth of neural stem cells with the rational intensity being 4.0 T.
文摘AIM To determine the impact ofm low volume high-intensity interval training(LVHIIT) and continuous low to moderate-intensity exercise training(CLMIT) on cardiovascular disease(CVD) risk and health outcomes in cancer survivors.METHODS Sedentary cancer survivors(n=75,aged 51±12year)within 24 months of diagnosis,were randomised into three groups for 12 wk of LVHIIT(n=25),CLMIT(n=25)or control group(n=25).The exercise intervention involved 36 sessions(three sessions per week).The LVHIIT group performed 7 x 30 s intervals(≥85%predicted maximal heart rate)with a 60 s rest between intervals,and the CLMIT group performed continuous aerobic training for 20 min(≤55%predicted maximal heart rate)on a stationary bike.Outcome variables were measured at baseline and at12 weeks and analysed using a 3 x 2(group x time)repeated measures ANCOVA to evaluate main and interaction effects.RESULTS Significant improvements(time)were observed for seven of the 22 variables(ES 0.35-0.97,P≤0.05).There was an interaction effect(P<0.01)after 12 in the LVHIIT group for six-minute walk test(P<0.01;d=0.97;95%CI:0.36,1.56;large),sit to stand test(P<0.01;d=-0.83;95%CI:-1.40,-0.22;large)and waist circumference reduction(P=0.01;d=-0.48;95%CI:-1.10,0.10;medium).An interaction effect(P<0.01)was also observed for quality of life in both the LVHIIT(d=1.11;95CI:0.50,1.72;large)and CLMIT(d=0.57;95%CI:-0.00,1.20;moderate)compared with the control group(d=-0.15;95%CI:-0.95,0.65;trivial).CONCLUSION Low-volume high-intensity training shows promise as an effective exercise prescription within the cancer population,showing greater improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness,lower body strength and waist circumference compared with traditional CLMIT and control groups.Both LVHIIT and CLMIT improved quality of life.A proposed benefit of LVHIIT is the short duration(3 min)of exercise required,which may entice more cancer survivors to participate in exercise,improving health outcomes and lowing the risk of CVD.
文摘The scarcity of liver grafts in Asia leads to a significant dropout of patients from liver transplant waiting lists, particularly patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and a low model for end-stage liver disease score. In order to reduce dropping out, different bridging therapies are employed. We report the use of high-intensity focused ultrasound ablation as a bridging therapy for a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma of stage two and an extremely low platelet count (20×10 9 /L). The ablation was successful. Blood tests showed that his liver function was similar before and after the treatment. No adhesion was encountered in the liver transplantation performed six months later.
文摘The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcome of patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) treated by sequential therapy of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE),three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy(3-DCRT) and high-intensity focused ultrasound(HIFU).From October,2005 to September,2010,120 patients with unresectable HCC received the sequential treatments of several courses of TACE followed in 2-4 weeks by 3-DCRT and then a single session of HIFU with a curative intent.The median tumor irradiation dose was 40 Gy.Tumor response,toxicity and overall survival rate were analyzed.Clinicopathologic factors affecting the primary technique effectiveness and overall survival rates were investigated by univariate analysis or multivariate analysis.All 120 HCC patients were followed up by the last follow-up time.Among these patients,hepatic toxicities due to treatment were notable in 9 cases.Gastrointestinal bleeding after the overall treatment occurred in 2 cases,leukopenia of grade III was detected in 1 case,radiation-induced liver disease(RILD) was observed in 2 patients,and first-and second-degree skin burn around the HIFU treatment zone were observed in 2 patients and 1 patient,respectively.Among 120 patients,23,83 and 14 cases achieved partial response,stable disease and progressive disease,respectively.The overall survival rates at 1 year,3 years and 5 years were 70%,35% and 15%,respectively,with a median survival time of 26 months.Both Child-Pugh liver function grading and radiation dose were determined to be independent predictors for overall survival revealed by the multivariate analysis.It is concluded that the sequential therapy of TACE,3-DCRT and HIFU is a promising therapeutic regimen for unresectable HCC.