Syphilis and HIV Infection among Pregnant Women Previously Screened Negative during Their First Antenetal Care Visit (ANC) at Some Selected Health Facilities in the Buea Health District, Cameroon

Syphilis and HIV are amongst the world’s most widespread diseases, particularly in low-income countries. Syphilis and HIV infections during pregnancy have been associated with numerous adverse pregnancy outcomes. Of concern now are the rising rates of congenital syphilis and HIV in Cameroon. Cameroon only mandates testing pregnant women for syphilis and HIV during their first ANC visit. This study was aimed at determining the incidence of new syphilis and HIV infections and factors associated with pregnant women who previously tested negative during their first ANC visit. A cohort design was used, where 335 pregnant women were followed up for a period from December 2019 to August 2020. A blood sample was drawn and the serum was analyzed using the WANTAI ELISA and AIDTM HIV 1 + 2 Ag/Ab ELISAPlus test methods for syphilis and HIV respectively at three intervals. A questionnaire was used to identify risk factors. Data was analyzed using SPSS 23.0. Out of the 335 pregnant women who were followed up during this study, 49 (14.6%) were later diagnosed with syphilis (32 in 2nd trimester and 17 in 3rd trimester). 54 (16.1%) were diagnosed with HIV infection (13 at two months post-1st-trimester visit, 23 in the 2nd trimester and 18 in the 3rd trimester). Lastly, 10 (2%) were co-infected with syphilis and HIV of which 8 occurred during 2nd trimester and 2 in the 3rd trimester. The factors associated with contracting new syphilis infections include;younger age group aOR (1.302, 95% CI), leaving in an urban area aOR (3.158, 95% CI), lower level of education (Primary and no formal) with aOR of (9.055, 95% CI) (P = 0.001) and (6.764, 95% CI) (P = 0.006) respectively, inadequate knowledge on the diseases aOR (2.176, 95% CI), women unaware of their partner status aOR (3.190, 95% CI). Most factors associated with contracting new HIV infections were similar to the factors associated with contracting new syphilis infections post 1st ANC visit aOR (1.174, 95% CI) and pregnant women with more than one sexual partner aOR (7.342, 95% CI) were observed for HIV infection.. There is an increased incidence of new infection of syphilis and HIV post first ANC screening in the Buea Health District, Cameroon. The need for constant education on the identifiable factors and these diseases, and screening during every ANC visit irrespective of their previous laboratory results is warranted.

Follow-Up Care of HIV-Positive Pregnant Women in North Central Nigerian: A 15-Year Review

Background: Pregnant women bear the greatest burden of people living with HIV in the West Africa sub-region, and the country requires continuous optimal follow-up care for their disease after delivery. Documentation of such very important services is rarely done in this high-burden environment, and hence the present study. Method: A 15-year retrospective review of medical records of HIV-positive pregnant women who attended antenatal care services from January 2006 to December 2020 at the prevention of the mothers-to-child transmission unit of the health facility was carried out to document the HIV service provided at the unit, and the follow-up care at the adult HIV special treatment clinic for the continuation of their HIV treatment. Results: Of the 1245 HIV-positive pregnant mothers reviewed during the period, 702 (56.4%) were between the ages of 26 - 35 years, 1043 (83.8%) were on HIV treatment before their index pregnancy, 202 (16.2%) were diagnosed of HIV infection during their last trimester and labor, while 878 (70.5%) continued their HIV services at adult HIV special treatment clinic after delivery. The predictors of continuous care include: maternal parity with [OR] 0.51 (0.35 - 0.73), p = 0.02, time of presentation in trimester with [OR] 1.54 (1.15 - 2.06), p = 0.003, duration on antiretroviral therapy [OR] 2.14 (1.57 - 2.9) p Conclusion: The high rate of optimal follow-up care of HIV-positive mothers after delivery in the adult special treatment clinic in this study speaks of the preparedness and good supportive services provided to these mothers in the health facility. However, the high rate of loss to follow-up among this cohort of women requires a more focused intervention during their postpartum period for a better outcome.

HIV Status Disclosure Rate to a Sexual Partner, Associated Factors and Outcomes among Pregnant Women in PMTCT Care in Two Large HIV Facilities in Abuja, Nigeria

HIV status disclosure to partners is critical in improving the health and well-being of mother-infant dyad in the prevention of HIV transmission from mother to child (PMTCT) program. This study assesses the HIV disclosure rate to intimate partners, associated factors, and outcomes among women in the PMTCT program in two large HIV clinics in Abuja, Nigeria. A descriptive cross-sectional study employed a multi-stage sampling technique in selecting 220 pregnant women enrolled in PMTCT care in two clinics. Outcomes measures include HIV status disclosure to intimate partner, women’s viral suppression status (suppressed < 1000 copies/mL, unsuppressed ≥ 1000 copies/mL), and previous MTCT experience. Exposure variables include the participant’s socio-demographic characteristics and HIV care history. Data were presented using frequency tables. Simple and multivariate logistic regression was done to ascertain the predictors of HIV status disclosure and assess the association between HIV disclosure, viral suppression, and MTCT experience at a p-value of less than 0.05. Only 205 (96.7%) entries were completed and analyzed A larger percentage of the participants were married women, 158 (77.1%), within the age group 26 - 35 years (53.3%). Women’s HIV status disclosure rate to intimate partners was 49.3% (101/205). Factors associated with HIV disclosure rate to intimate partners at the univariate level were the participant’s age, Christian religion [COR: 1.80, 95%CI: 1.04 - 3.21, p = 0.04], full employment [COR: 1.92, 95%CI: 1.10 - 3.34, p = 0.02], HIV positivity prior to PMTCT enrollment [COR: 2.88, 95%CI: 1.26 - 6.59, p < 0.01], duration on antiretroviral therapy [COR: 1.07, 95%CI: 1.01 - 1.13, p = 0.03], and knowledge of partner’s HIV status [COR: 0.20, 95%CI: 0.08 - 0.51, p < 0.01]. Only HIV positivity prior to PMTCT enrollment [AOR: 3.27, 95%CI: 1.23 - 8.70, p < 0.01] and awareness of the partner’s HIV status, [AOR: 0.17, 95%CI: 0.06 - 0.49, p < 0.01] were significant predictors of HIV status disclosure after controlling for confounder. The two study outcomes;women’s viral suppression and MTCT experience were not significantly associated with participants’ HIV status disclosure to intimate partners. Our study shows that HIV disclosure to intimate partners is still a big challenge among pregnant women in PMTCT settings in Nigeria, with awareness of the partner’s HIV status and the type of patient enrollment in the PMTCT setting being the two strong predictors of pregnant women’s HIV disclosure status to partners.

HIV暴露儿童血清逆转影响因素分析

目的研究HIV暴露儿童血清逆转相关影响因素。方法收集2019年1月至2021年12月期间深圳市第三人民医院管理的49例HIV感染孕产妇及所生HIV暴露儿童的一般情况、临床资料及血清结果等。结果49例HIV暴露儿童在出生后48 h、6周、3月龄HIV核酸检测均为阴性。在12、18、21月龄时血清逆转率分别为59.18%、93.87%和100.00%。HIV暴露儿童在12月龄血清是否逆转与母亲分娩方式、抗反转录病毒开始时间、孕期核酸检测结果、CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞计数无关;与HIV暴露儿童的性别、出生胎龄与体重、阻断药物使用种类等也无关。结论未发现12月龄HIV暴露儿童血清逆转的明确影响因素,其3月龄核酸检测与最终血清逆转结果一致性为100%。为尽早排除HIV感染,减少家属顾虑,未来可考虑HIV暴露儿童3月龄前3次核酸阴性结果代替血清逆转。

Pregnant women's knowledge of perinatal HIV infection in a resource limited setting

The purpose of the study was to assess pregnant women s knowledge of perinatal human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.A descriptive study involving 100 consecutive and consenting patients at the antenatal clinic of Abia State University Teaching Hospital(ABSUTH),Aba,South Eastern Nigeria,over the period 1st November, 2007 to 15th January,2008 was done.Using a structured questionnaire,the respondents’sociodemographic data were recorded as well as their knowledge of perinatal HTV infection.Although 85%of the pregnant women were aware of perinatal HTV transmission,only 69%knew that if a baby tested positive to HIV at delivery,it meant that the mother is infected with HIV.Fifty one percent of the pregnant women wrongly thought that all babies bom to mothers with HIV also get infected whilst 83%knew that HTV can be transmitted through breast feeding.The pregnant women demonstrated an incomplete knowledge of perinatal HTV transmission. The findings of this study underscore the continued need for intensified health education about prevention of perinatal HTV infection in our community in order to reduce the impact of HIV,especially in

HIV感染孕妇的应对方式及相关因素分析

目的调查HIV感染孕妇的应对方式并分析其影响因素。方法选取2019年5月—2022年1月在广州医科大学附属市八医院就诊的HIV感染孕妇300例作为样本,采用自编人口学调查问卷、自评抑郁量表(self-rated depression scale,SDS)、焦虑自评量表(self-ratedanxietyscale,SAS)、Buffalo艾滋病相关生活事件调查表(buffalo hiv life events survey,BHLES)、社会支持评定量表(social support rating scale,SSRS)以及医学应对方式问卷(medical coping modes questionnaire,MCMQ)进行调查。结果与全国常模比较,HIV感染孕妇面对应对方式得分低于常模(P<0.001),回避和屈服应对方式得分高于常模(均P<0.001)。多元线性回归分析结果显示,HIV感染孕妇面对应对方式的影响因素有孕前HIV感染知情、计划怀孕、艾滋病症状及SAS总分;回避应对方式的影响因素有家庭月收入、BHLES总分及支持总分;屈服应对方式的影响因素是SDS总分。结论HIV感染孕妇多采用回避和屈服应对方式。应加强患者心理疏导以及社会支持。

Humoral Response to Toxoplasma gondii in Pregnant Women in Bangui Central African Republic

Toxoplasmosis is a cosmopolitan antrhropozoonosis widespread in mammals and birds. Normally asymptomatic in the subject health, it can have serious consequences for the fetus in the first trimester of pregnancy in the pregnant woman. It is in this context that we propose to assess the immune response to T. gondii in pregnant women in Bangui. This was a retrospective analytical study that consulted the records of pregnant women received in prenatal consultations at the Bangui Community Hospital Maternity ward from January 2019 to December 2019. Socio-demographic and laboratory data (IgM, IgG response to T. gondii) and results of HIV serology were collected from January to June 2021. Chi2 test was used. A total of 307 pregnant women were analyzed. The average age of the women included was 28 (±6) years. The average parity of the entire sample was 2.18 (±1.93). Toxoplasmosis infectious was 14.65%. Women with a positive IgM response accounted for 17.58% and those with an IgG-positive response for 42.99%. Patients with a positive HIV were 5.86%. Patients aged 20 - 29 had a serological profile suggesting a probable ongoing infection (p = 0.010). The paucipares were more represented with no statistically significant difference (p = 0.23). Pregnant women were not significantly exposed to toxoplasmosis infectious (p = 0.96). Immunized and non-immunized subjects were similarly exposed [OR = 0.97;CI 95% 0.4 = 6 - 2.05]. Toxoplasmosis remains particularly serious during pregnancy. Seroprevalence was significantly higher in the 20 - 24 year age group. Women were similarly exposed depending on whether they were immunized or not. This requires the establishment of a specific prevention program against this disease.

HIV感染孕妇妊娠结局的选择及影响因素分析

目的：了解我国高发地区HIV感染孕妇对妊娠结局的选择现状,分析相关影响因素。方法：在HIV感染相对高发的4省15个县、市、区,对2004～2006年6月间307名感染HIV的孕妇,进行面对面的问卷调查,调查内容包括人口学特征,相关行为,感染途径,预防艾滋病母婴传播（PMTCT）知识,接受PMTCT服务情况和最终的妊娠结局。结果：在研究期间,孕期已知HIV感染的妇女307名共妊娠320次,24.38%（78/320）自愿选择终止妊娠。其中,2004年自愿终止妊娠率为11.76%（10/85）,2005年24.31%（35/144）,2006年上半年36.26%（33/91）。选择终止妊娠的比例随着时间变化呈现出上升趋势（P〈0.01）。多元Logistic回归分析显示,预防艾滋病母婴传播知识的知晓情况以及家庭现有孩子数目对妊娠结局的选择情况具有影响作用（P〈0.05）。结论：需高度重视HIV感染妇女的生殖健康,避免非意愿妊娠并提供安全流产服务。同时,提供优质的咨询服务,注重知情选择妊娠结局,对保障感染HIV妇女的身心健康具有重要意义。

农村孕产妇HIV自愿咨询检测现状及影响因素分析

目的:了解云南农村孕产妇HIV自愿咨询检测现状,分析影响农村孕产妇接受HIV检测的因素。方法:采用入户形式对223名农村孕28周至产后3个月妇女及310名相关人群进行横断面调查,辅以孕产妇个人深入访谈。结果:孕产妇HIV检测率为57.4%,孕28周前HIV自愿咨询检测率为15.2%。孕产妇回答未检测的原因主要是没有必要(46.9%),其次是检测相关知识信息不足(33.7%),如担心收费贵、不知道到哪里检测。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,产检时接受过艾滋病知识宣教,知晓孕产妇艾滋病咨询和初筛检测是免费的及HIV检测地点与孕产妇检测有相关性。结论:云南农村孕产妇在孕早、中期的HIV自愿咨询检测率较低,“进村入社”采血送检方式在促进农村孕妇早期检测中发挥着重要作用,缺乏感染的危险意识、羞辱和歧视以及检测相关知识信息不足是影响孕产妇检测的主要原因。

我国4省区HIV感染孕产妇流行病学特征差异分析

目的比较我国艾滋病高发地区2013—2015年与2004—2006年HIV感染孕产妇流行病学特征的差异。方法收集2013—2015年河南、广西、云南和新疆4省区492名确诊感染HIV孕产妇的社会人口学特征、感染途径等流行病学信息,并与在2004—2006年同省份调查的572名HIV感染孕产妇相应的流行病学数据指标进行对比分析。结果与2004—2006年相比,2013—2015年孕产妇年龄增大,年龄中位数为30岁,农村户口所占比例由68.01%增加至84.35%,87.80%孕产妇仍为初中及以下文化程度,农民或无职业者比例由83.39%上升至93.49%,孕产妇再婚比例由22.03%升至40.45%。86.65%孕产妇报告经性传播感染HIV,而2004—2006年为47.55%,比例较之前增幅近一半。2013—2015年数据显示,广西、云南、新疆的HIV感染孕产妇感染途径相似,16~35岁年龄段HIV感染孕产妇随着年龄段升高,经性传播感染比例增加。结论 HIV感染孕产妇农村户口所占比例进一步提高,文化程度仍然较低,绝大多数仍是农民和无职业者,高龄孕产妇增多,再婚比例大幅提高,孕产妇主要通过性传播途径感染HIV且占比大幅提高。

云南省4个地区780名孕产妇预防HIV/AIDS母婴垂直传播知识态度调查

目的 了解云南省艾滋病病毒 (HIV)不同流行地区孕妇时艾滋病 (AIDS)的知识、态度及行为 ,为开展宣传教育、阻断母婴垂直传播自愿咨询、检测提供依据。方法 选择省、地区、县不同地理分布 ,孕妇HIV感染率高、中、低的 4个地区孕产妇为调查对象 ,用问卷调查表收集关于AIDS ,特别是母婴垂直传播有关的知识、态度及行为方面资料。结果 4个地区共调查 780名孕产妇 ,其中 6 41人听说过AIDS ,占 82 2 %,有关三种传播途径的正确回答率为 5 5 0 %～ 83 7%,但 73%的孕产妇认为日常生活中共餐、接吻、握手或入厕等会传播 ,37 2 %的人对婚前性行为的观念表示接受 ,77 2 %～ 81 8%的孕产妇认为婚检及产前检查中应加入HIV检测 ,91 4%的孕产妇愿意医生为其提供有关HIV知识宣传 ;83 6 %～ 84 5 %孕产妇愿意接受人工流产术、剖腹产及降低垂直传播的药物治疗。6 2 1%的孕产妇认识到安全套可预防AIDS传播。结论 孕产妇对AIDS的认识比较低 ,但愿意积极参与降低HIV垂直传播的工作。应加强预防AIDS宣传教育 ,特别是尽快在重点地区探索开展降低孕妇HIV垂直传播的工作 ,以预防AIDS的母婴垂直传播。

感染HIV的孕产妇预防艾滋病母婴传播服务利用及影响因素分析

目的了解感染艾滋病病毒(HIV)的孕产妇对预防艾滋病母婴传播(PMTCT)服务的利用状况,分析影响因素。方法在河南、广西、新疆、云南省(自治区)的15个县/市/区,对2004年1月至2006年6月检测发现的感染HIV的孕产妇346人,通过问卷调查方式,结合相关医疗记录在孕期、产时和产后分阶段完成调查。调查内容包括人口学特征、相关行为、感染途径、PMTCT服务的利用情况等。结果346名感染HIV的孕产妇中94.80%接受过产前检查,95.95%住院分娩,其希望住院分娩的原因是医院医疗技术水平高(58.28%),服务质量好(47.27%),收费低(33.33%),能够提供PMTCT服务(33.03%),保密性好(26.97%),交通方便(23.33%)等。87.57%的母婴应用抗艾滋病病毒药物,规范应用抗病毒药物者占46.82%。感染HIV的孕产妇所娩婴儿中,89.02%采取人工喂养方式,满18月龄时进行HIV检测者占93.75%。检测后咨询包含PMTCT内容、民族和文化程度对规范应用抗病毒药物有影响作用(P<0.05)。结论感染HIV的孕产妇对PMTCT服务的需求特殊,PMTCT服务利用尚不足,检测后咨询及咨询内容影响抗病毒药物的规范应用。建议加强HIV/ADIS高发地区基础妇幼保健服务,提高妊娠妇女早期和孕中期HIV抗体检测水平,重视感染HIV孕产妇抗病毒药物的规范应用和安全助产,为感染HIV的孕产妇及所娩婴儿提供个性化的、综合的PMTCT服务。

2076例HIV感染孕产妇流行病学特征分析

目的：调查我国15省85县（市、区）HIV感染孕产妇的基本人口学特征和感染途径。方法：对我国15省85县（市、区）20042008年检测发现并确认感染的2076例HIV感染孕产妇进行问卷调查和登记。结果：（1）HIV感染孕产妇的平均年龄28.58±5.87岁,66.4%为汉族,91.4%为农民或无业,58.6%为小学及以下文化程度,初婚占76.1%;（2）53.3%的HIV感染孕产妇通过异性性行为感染,24.7%通过采血（浆）感染,通过输血、使用血制品感染占3.8%,通过注射吸毒感染占3.4%;（3）性传播比例逐年增加,由2004年的21.9%增加到2008年的67.7%（χ2M-H=130.56,P〈0.01）。结论：绝大多数感染HIV孕产妇的文化水平较低,在家务农或者无业者比例较大。性传播是孕产妇HIV感染的主要途径,并逐年增加。应针对感染人群不同的流行病学特征,采取有针对性的艾滋病综合防治措施与策略,特别要遏制性传播途径比例的进一步增加。

不同孕期HIV孕妇接受抗病毒治疗的妊娠结局分析

目的 探讨不同孕期HIV感染孕妇启用抗病毒治疗(ART))后妊娠结局情况。方法 对本院2012年至2017年50例HIV阳性且未经规范高效抗转录病毒治疗(HAART)的孕晚期孕妇(感染组)的分娩情况进行分析,并随机选取本院孕前已确诊HIV感染且孕前经ART治疗及孕中期14周后经HAART规范治疗的孕妇50例作为治疗组,同时随机选取本院未感染HIV的孕妇50例作为正常组,比较三组孕妇妊娠并发症、分娩时产后出血以及新生儿早产儿及体质量等指标。结果 感染组新生儿出生体质量(2.61±0.41)kg,治疗组(2.93±0.38)kg,正常组(3.25±0.37)kg,三组间差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。感染组胎儿生长受限(FGR)、早产低体质量儿及新生儿窒息发生率分别为12%、18%和16%(χ2=7.39、13.15、13.47,均P<0.05);感染组产妇胎膜早破、早产儿发生率分别为20%、18%(χ2=7.27、10.27,均P<0.05);治疗组妊娠合并贫血发生率52%,明显高于感染组及正常组(χ2=14.44,P<0.05);3组产妇产后出血发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.00,P >0.05)。结论 孕妇感染HIV会导致不良妊娠结局,孕前经ART治疗及孕中期应用HAART治疗可使HIV感染孕产妇获得较好的妊娠结局。

194名HIV阳性孕妇临床特征分析

目的 对广西4个市、县在产前门诊发现的194例艾滋病病毒（HIV）阳性孕产妇的人口学、流行病学临床及实验室特征进行描述性分析,了解HIV对孕产妇的影响.方法 针对在2006年10月到2009年2月广西省4个市、县发现的194例HIV阳性孕产妇人口学、流行病学、临床和实验室特征进行分析.结果 194名HIV阳性的孕妇的平均年龄（26±4.4）岁,大部分经性感染,其中孕早期和孕晚期发现的比例分别为14.4%和45.9%;孕产妇发现时的中位CD4和病毒载量分别为317个/mL和23 600拷贝/mL,CD4＜350和病毒载量≥100 000的病人所占比例超过54%和19%;61.9%和16.0%的孕妇发现时有贫血和机会性感染症状,机会性感染主要表现为反复发热、皮肤损害、呼吸道感染、结核和慢性腹泻;4.61%和67.01%的阳性孕产妇分别在怀孕前和怀孕期间接受高效抗逆转录病毒治疗,9.28%接受复方新诺明预防相关机会性感染.结论 尽早发现HIV阳性孕产妇,了解阳性孕产妇的流行病、人口学、临床及实验室特征是开展HIV阳性孕产妇干预和关怀的前提.

妊娠期HIV感染者的分娩方式和母婴结局分析

目的:探究妊娠期人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染者的分娩方式对母婴结局的影响。方法:回顾性研究2012年1月至2016年6月我院收治的87名孕产妇作为研究对象,根据分娩方式分为阴道产组和剖宫产组,其中阴道产组53名孕妇,生产54名新生儿;剖宫产组34名孕妇,生产34名新生儿,对比分析两组HIV感染孕产妇的一般资料、产程时间、产后出血量、先兆子宫破裂及分娩结果,并对结果进行分析研究。结果:两组HIV感染孕产妇一般资料无显著性差异,剖宫产组在产程时间、先兆子宫破裂、新生儿感染率方面均优于阴道产组,且差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),但是在孕妇产后并发症(产褥感染、产后出血量)和新生儿窒息率不及阴道产组,且差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:不同分娩方式对孕产妇和新生儿的影响不同,剖宫产可大大降低新生儿感染HIV病毒的几率。

四川省艾滋病高发区孕妇HIV感染及相关危险因素调查分析

目的 了解艾滋病高发区孕妇HIV感染现状及相关危险因素。方法 对凉山州第一医院和妇幼保健院的82 4名门诊孕妇进行调查 ,同一孕妇不能调查第二次。结果 HIV抗体均为阴性 ,有 0 5 %的人吸毒 ,2 3 %人献血 ,12 6%的人曾外出打工 ,1 84%的人患性病。在她们的丈夫中 ,有 0 9%的人吸毒 ,1 8%的人献血 ,11 9%的人外出打工 ,夫妻双方都患性病的 14对中有 12对人不使用避孕套。结论 这些孕妇存在感染HIV的诸多危险因素 。

HIV感染孕产妇生育意愿及影响因素研究

目的了解HIV阳性孕产妇生育意愿及影响因素。方法对全省9个市(州)26个县2011至2013年确诊的HIV阳性孕产妇进行问卷调查。结果 162例HIV阳性孕产妇中,21例(12.96%)选择终止妊娠,原因主要是担心小孩被感染、受歧视或自己不能照顾小孩;141例(87.04%)选择继续妊娠,主要原因是担心以后怀不上、迫切想当母亲等;终止妊娠意愿与HIV感染孕产妇的职业有关(P=0.017),与孕产妇及其配偶的年龄、民族、户籍、居住情况、文化程度、月收入等无关(P>0.05);2011至2013年选择终止妊娠的HIV阳性孕产妇比例呈逐年上升趋势。结论不同地区影响妊娠结局选择意愿的因素差异较大,医务人员应该在充分告知的基础上,尊重、理解HIV感染孕产妇的生育意愿和妊娠结局选择。

昆明地区孕产妇、医务人员HIV母婴垂直传播相关知识、态度对比分析

为了解孕妇及医务人员对HIV母婴垂直传播的知识、态度 ,为开展孕产妇宣传教育 ,开展阻断母婴垂直传播自愿检测、咨询及药物治疗提供依据。采用问卷对昆明地区 2 38名孕产妇及 2 2 7名医务人员进行了HIV母婴传播相关知识、态度及行为的调查。结果发现 :昆明地区大部分孕产妇及医务人员了解并认识艾滋病相关认识 ,赞同将HIV检测列入婚检、产前检查 ,并自愿接受检测。但医务人对阻断母婴垂直传播知识了解甚少 ,还存在歧视HIV感染者现象 ,临床服务中存在较高职业危险暴露行为。建议逐步在婚检、产前检查中试行HIV自愿检测 ,加强医务人员对HIV垂直传播及HIV职业暴露防护的知识技能培训 ,尽快在重点地区探索开展降低孕产妇HIV垂直传播模式。

HIV感染孕产妇配偶相关情况调查

目的了解HIV感染孕产妇配偶的相关情况,为制订综合预防艾滋病母婴传播策略提供依据。方法利用专门的调查表对云南省6家妇幼保健机构2005年5月~2006年10月管理的191例HIV感染孕产妇的丈夫进行调查,共收到有效问卷184份。结果HIV感染孕产妇的丈夫平均年龄29岁,70%以上是初中和小学文化,60%以上是农民,29.2%HIV抗体检测为阴性,60%以上有生育孩子的愿望,HIV感染丈夫的生育欲望强于非感染者,丈夫对艾滋病非传播途径的认识不足。结论在预防艾滋病母婴传播工作中对HIV感染孕产妇的配偶进行HIV抗体检测和咨询是十分必要的。