Despite enormous efforts to achieve the goal of eliminating mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1, it remains a major challenge for many countries in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly Mali. Our objective is to assess c...Despite enormous efforts to achieve the goal of eliminating mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1, it remains a major challenge for many countries in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly Mali. Our objective is to assess changes in the rate of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1. We conducted a cross-sectional study between January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2018 (10 years) of early diagnosis activity in newborns and children born to HIV-1-positive mothers at the National Institute for Public Health (INSP). The samples came from health and referral centers in mali. All samples were received at the Laboratory of Molecular Biology at the INSP. Proviral DNA extraction was performed from a blood spot sample with a Roche DNA kit, Cobas AmpliPrep/Cobas TaqMan HIV-1 qualitative Test, V2.0 (Roche Molecular System, Inc, USA) following the company procedures. Molecular diagnosis was performed using the same kits using an algorithm of three identical PCRs. The Epi Info version 7 software was used for data analysis with a significance threshold of 5%. A total of 10,714 samples of infants and children born to HIV-positive mothers were analyzed by PCR. Ninety-six percent of mothers were on ARV prophylaxis (AZT 3TC NVP and AZT NVP) and 60% of newborns received the same ARV prophylaxis. Of these children, 956 tested positive with an overall transmission rate of 8.92%, varying between 7.27% in 2009 and 08.01% in 2018. This rate was relatively low among children receiving prophylaxis at 2.04% and remained high for children who received breastfeeding at 5.62%. However, the transmission rate remains low for those who have benefited from mixed and artificial breastfeeding at 1.58% and 1.27% respectively. A significant proportion of children remained infected by their mothers during pregnancy, childbirth or breastfeeding. This study shows the importance of early diagnosis of HIV in children using molecular technology.展开更多
The emergence of antiretroviral resistance mutations represents a major threat to the achievement of national and global goals for the elimination of HIV-1 infection. The global strategy in 2019 in Cte d'Ivoire is...The emergence of antiretroviral resistance mutations represents a major threat to the achievement of national and global goals for the elimination of HIV-1 infection. The global strategy in 2019 in Cte d'Ivoire is a new national policy for the management of people living with HIV with the administration of dolutegravir (DTG)-based fixed-dose combination. The aim of our study was to evaluate HIV-1 resistance to antiretrovirals (ARVs) in infected adult subjects in Cte d’Ivoire in the context of a systematic switch to a DTG-based combination. Between February 2022 and October 2023, a cross-sectional survey with random sampling was conducted in 06 services caring for people living with HIV. A total of 139 participants were included in the study. Adults with a viral load ≥ 1000 copies/mL were tested for HIV-1 ARV resistance mutations. Molecular analyses were performed using protocol of ANRS-MIE (National Agency for Research on AIDS and emerging infectious diseases). The interpretation is performed by HIVGRAD (https://www.hiv-grade.de/cms/grade/). The frequencies of HIV-1 resistance to non-nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), integrase inhibitors (IINTs) and protease inhibitors (PIs) were 82%, 73%, 19% and 11% respectively. The main mutations observed in the different classes were K103N (45%), M184V (64%), E157Q (19%) and L10V/M46I/A71V/I54V (6%) respectively. This study reveals the emergence of resistance to DTG-based fixed-dose combinations, favored by high rates of resistance to NRTIs and NNRTIs. This finding underlines the need for enhanced viral load monitoring and HIV-1 genotyping tests to guide the choice of NRTIs for combination therapy. In addition, monitoring for mutations to second-generation NRTIs is essential, given the scale-up of DTG-based regimens currently underway in Cte d’Ivoire.展开更多
The VP1 protein of foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype A was prokaryotically expressed and purified to replace the traditional virus antigen for estab- lishing a fast, safe, effective indirect ELISA method, so as to...The VP1 protein of foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype A was prokaryotically expressed and purified to replace the traditional virus antigen for estab- lishing a fast, safe, effective indirect ELISA method, so as to detecting antibody of foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype A. Western-Blot test showed that the VP1 recombinant protein could be used as detective antigen as it can be specifically recognized by bovine positive serum of FMDV serotype A. By employing matrix titra- tion method, the optimal parameters were obtained as follows： 1 mg/L VP1 protein as coating antigen, Vserum：Vblocking solution = 1：50 dilution for serum and Vsecondary enzyme-linked antibedies：Vblocking solution ---1：2 000 for enzyme combined antibodies. The results showod that the sensitivity and specificity of this method were 94.32% and 99.09% respectively, the coefficients of variations in intra-assay and inter-assay reproducibility tests was lower than 8%. Compared with liquid phase blocking ELISA kits, the agreement of 201 serum samples reached 92.54%. The VP1-ELISA method established here is specific, sensitive, stable and simple, which can be used to monitor the antibody level of FMD serotype A.展开更多
Introduction: HIV, the human immunodeficiency virus, is the etiological agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The aim of this study was to assess the evolution of the viral load in patients under treatme...Introduction: HIV, the human immunodeficiency virus, is the etiological agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The aim of this study was to assess the evolution of the viral load in patients under treatment. Methodology: This was a study carried out from July 2017 to June 2022 at the Point G University Hospital laboratory. The determination of the viral load of patients was carried out by PCR on the ABOTT M2000sp/rt platform. Results: A total of 129 patients infected with HIV-1, aged 19 to 72 years with a mean age of 40.05 years ± 10.71;all on antiretroviral chemotherapy. The female gender predominated among our patients. The most common treatment regimen was 2INTI + 1INNTI with 72.9% followed by 2INTI + 1INI with 13.2%. As for the combinations of molecules, the combination TDF + 3TC + EFV and TDF + 3TC + DTG predominated, respectively 65.1% and 13.2%. 89.9% of our patients had undetectable viremia after 12 months of treatment (p < 0.005) with an average viral load which had evolved from 681315.65 copies/ml ± 1616908.484 to M0 at 5742.36 copies /ml ± 35756.883 at M12 (p Conclusion: Generally speaking, antiretroviral treatment had contributed to controlling viral loads, however the therapeutic combination TDF + 3TC + DTG had made it possible to obtain more patients with undetectable viremia instead.展开更多
The paper was to obtain the VP1 protein of FMDV serotype A with high activity. With recombinant plasmid pMD19A-T-vp1 as the tem- plate, vpl gene fragment amplified by PCR was connected into prokaryotic expression vect...The paper was to obtain the VP1 protein of FMDV serotype A with high activity. With recombinant plasmid pMD19A-T-vp1 as the tem- plate, vpl gene fragment amplified by PCR was connected into prokaryotic expression vector pET28a to construct recombinant plasmid pET-A-vpl. The E. coli BL21 （DE3） strain containing recombinant plasmid pET-A-vpl were induced by IPTG. SDS-PAGE showed that VP1 protein was ex- pressed in the form of inclusion body, and its molecular weight was about 29 ku. Based on the optimizing IPTG concentration and expression time, the largest expression of VP1 protein was induced by 0.3 mmol/L IPTG for 6 h at 37 ℃. Western-Blot analysis indicated that the expression of VP1 protein could be specifically recognized by positive serum of FMDV serotype A. ELISA test showed that VP1 inclusion body protein had high activity after purification by washing and renaturation by urea concentration gradient dialysis.展开更多
文摘Despite enormous efforts to achieve the goal of eliminating mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1, it remains a major challenge for many countries in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly Mali. Our objective is to assess changes in the rate of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1. We conducted a cross-sectional study between January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2018 (10 years) of early diagnosis activity in newborns and children born to HIV-1-positive mothers at the National Institute for Public Health (INSP). The samples came from health and referral centers in mali. All samples were received at the Laboratory of Molecular Biology at the INSP. Proviral DNA extraction was performed from a blood spot sample with a Roche DNA kit, Cobas AmpliPrep/Cobas TaqMan HIV-1 qualitative Test, V2.0 (Roche Molecular System, Inc, USA) following the company procedures. Molecular diagnosis was performed using the same kits using an algorithm of three identical PCRs. The Epi Info version 7 software was used for data analysis with a significance threshold of 5%. A total of 10,714 samples of infants and children born to HIV-positive mothers were analyzed by PCR. Ninety-six percent of mothers were on ARV prophylaxis (AZT 3TC NVP and AZT NVP) and 60% of newborns received the same ARV prophylaxis. Of these children, 956 tested positive with an overall transmission rate of 8.92%, varying between 7.27% in 2009 and 08.01% in 2018. This rate was relatively low among children receiving prophylaxis at 2.04% and remained high for children who received breastfeeding at 5.62%. However, the transmission rate remains low for those who have benefited from mixed and artificial breastfeeding at 1.58% and 1.27% respectively. A significant proportion of children remained infected by their mothers during pregnancy, childbirth or breastfeeding. This study shows the importance of early diagnosis of HIV in children using molecular technology.
文摘The emergence of antiretroviral resistance mutations represents a major threat to the achievement of national and global goals for the elimination of HIV-1 infection. The global strategy in 2019 in Cte d'Ivoire is a new national policy for the management of people living with HIV with the administration of dolutegravir (DTG)-based fixed-dose combination. The aim of our study was to evaluate HIV-1 resistance to antiretrovirals (ARVs) in infected adult subjects in Cte d’Ivoire in the context of a systematic switch to a DTG-based combination. Between February 2022 and October 2023, a cross-sectional survey with random sampling was conducted in 06 services caring for people living with HIV. A total of 139 participants were included in the study. Adults with a viral load ≥ 1000 copies/mL were tested for HIV-1 ARV resistance mutations. Molecular analyses were performed using protocol of ANRS-MIE (National Agency for Research on AIDS and emerging infectious diseases). The interpretation is performed by HIVGRAD (https://www.hiv-grade.de/cms/grade/). The frequencies of HIV-1 resistance to non-nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), integrase inhibitors (IINTs) and protease inhibitors (PIs) were 82%, 73%, 19% and 11% respectively. The main mutations observed in the different classes were K103N (45%), M184V (64%), E157Q (19%) and L10V/M46I/A71V/I54V (6%) respectively. This study reveals the emergence of resistance to DTG-based fixed-dose combinations, favored by high rates of resistance to NRTIs and NNRTIs. This finding underlines the need for enhanced viral load monitoring and HIV-1 genotyping tests to guide the choice of NRTIs for combination therapy. In addition, monitoring for mutations to second-generation NRTIs is essential, given the scale-up of DTG-based regimens currently underway in Cte d’Ivoire.
基金Supported by Joint Funds of the NSFC and Henan Province(U1204327)Henan Provincial Key Laboratory Construction(122300413217)
文摘The VP1 protein of foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype A was prokaryotically expressed and purified to replace the traditional virus antigen for estab- lishing a fast, safe, effective indirect ELISA method, so as to detecting antibody of foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype A. Western-Blot test showed that the VP1 recombinant protein could be used as detective antigen as it can be specifically recognized by bovine positive serum of FMDV serotype A. By employing matrix titra- tion method, the optimal parameters were obtained as follows： 1 mg/L VP1 protein as coating antigen, Vserum：Vblocking solution = 1：50 dilution for serum and Vsecondary enzyme-linked antibedies：Vblocking solution ---1：2 000 for enzyme combined antibodies. The results showod that the sensitivity and specificity of this method were 94.32% and 99.09% respectively, the coefficients of variations in intra-assay and inter-assay reproducibility tests was lower than 8%. Compared with liquid phase blocking ELISA kits, the agreement of 201 serum samples reached 92.54%. The VP1-ELISA method established here is specific, sensitive, stable and simple, which can be used to monitor the antibody level of FMD serotype A.
文摘Introduction: HIV, the human immunodeficiency virus, is the etiological agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The aim of this study was to assess the evolution of the viral load in patients under treatment. Methodology: This was a study carried out from July 2017 to June 2022 at the Point G University Hospital laboratory. The determination of the viral load of patients was carried out by PCR on the ABOTT M2000sp/rt platform. Results: A total of 129 patients infected with HIV-1, aged 19 to 72 years with a mean age of 40.05 years ± 10.71;all on antiretroviral chemotherapy. The female gender predominated among our patients. The most common treatment regimen was 2INTI + 1INNTI with 72.9% followed by 2INTI + 1INI with 13.2%. As for the combinations of molecules, the combination TDF + 3TC + EFV and TDF + 3TC + DTG predominated, respectively 65.1% and 13.2%. 89.9% of our patients had undetectable viremia after 12 months of treatment (p < 0.005) with an average viral load which had evolved from 681315.65 copies/ml ± 1616908.484 to M0 at 5742.36 copies /ml ± 35756.883 at M12 (p Conclusion: Generally speaking, antiretroviral treatment had contributed to controlling viral loads, however the therapeutic combination TDF + 3TC + DTG had made it possible to obtain more patients with undetectable viremia instead.
基金Supported by NSFC-Joint Personnel Training Fund of Henan Province(U1204327)Special Fund for Construction of Provincial Key Laboratory in Henan Province(122300413217)
文摘The paper was to obtain the VP1 protein of FMDV serotype A with high activity. With recombinant plasmid pMD19A-T-vp1 as the tem- plate, vpl gene fragment amplified by PCR was connected into prokaryotic expression vector pET28a to construct recombinant plasmid pET-A-vpl. The E. coli BL21 （DE3） strain containing recombinant plasmid pET-A-vpl were induced by IPTG. SDS-PAGE showed that VP1 protein was ex- pressed in the form of inclusion body, and its molecular weight was about 29 ku. Based on the optimizing IPTG concentration and expression time, the largest expression of VP1 protein was induced by 0.3 mmol/L IPTG for 6 h at 37 ℃. Western-Blot analysis indicated that the expression of VP1 protein could be specifically recognized by positive serum of FMDV serotype A. ELISA test showed that VP1 inclusion body protein had high activity after purification by washing and renaturation by urea concentration gradient dialysis.
