Stratification of the Degree of Hepatic Involvement in HIV-HCV Coinfection Using Two Biomarkers: APRI and FIB-4

Hepatitis C infection in people living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) poses management challenges. Of the world’s population, 3% are estimated to have chronic Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection, which is responsible for about 70% of cases of chronic hepatitis (accelerated chronicity in the presence of HIV and for such major complications as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The fibrosis 4 (FIB-4) and Aspartate aminotransferase/platelet ratio index (APRI) scores are simple, inexpensive tests accessible to most people, and their performance has not yet been studied in C?te d’Ivoire. Objective: To prospectively evaluate the diagnostic performance of APRI and FIB-4 scores in liver damage in those co-infected with HIV/HCV in C?te d’Ivoire. Methods: This study was conducted over three months. The patients came from national blood transfusion center of the cities of Man and Daloa. The criteria for selecting respondents were at least 18 years of age and a positive test for HIV and HCV. APRI and FIB-4 scores were calculated for each patient from biological data obtained by COBAS C311 (Roche Hitachi, Japan). Statistical analyses were performed using GraphPad and MED-CALC software. Results: Our study involved 30 patients (men) of middle age (25 - 52 years), with extremes ranging from 0.67 to 8 for APRI and 0.201 to 22 for FIB-4. A predictive APRI and FIB4 score of significant hepatic fibrosis was observed in 23% of patients;however, 46% and 54% of patients for the APRI and FIB-4 score, respectively, would not have significant fibrosis. An APRI and FIB4 score not included in the classification limits of the type of fibrosis hepatitis was observed in 31% and 23% of patients, respectively. Conclusion: The performance of the APRI and FIB-4 biological scores analyzed according to the interpretation of their cut-off values would enable classifying about 70% and 77%, respectively, of the patient population in the stages of hepatitis C fibrosis.

芯片技术对南昌地区HIV-HCV合并感染者的HCV基因型研究

目的了解芯片技术对南昌地区HIV-HCV合并感染者的HCV基因型分布。方法 2008年10月至2013年11月期间,在南昌地区就诊的285例HIV感染患者进行HCV筛查,并对HCV阳性患者的基因型进行芯片技术检测,将其检测结果与测序结果进行比对;同时对HIV-HCV合并感染者进行流行病学调查。结果芯片技术可检测出约900拷贝/ml的丙型肝炎病毒的基因型,HIV感染者中,HCV阳性比率为19.3%,HIV-HCV合并感染者的HCV基因型分布情况为1b型41例,2a型9例;3b型1例,6型1例,还有1 b+2a型3例;芯片检测结果与基因测序结果完全一致。结论芯片技术灵敏度高,准确性好,HCV基因型分布以1b基因型为主,其次为2a型;HIV感染者的感染传播途径有了新变化,性传播感染HIV比例在增加,但性传播合并感染的比例较低。

在法国饮用咖啡对HIV-HCV共同感染者全因死亡率的影响

【据《J Hepatol》2017年12月报道】题：在法国饮用咖啡对HIV-HCV共同感染者全因死亡率的影响：一项法国全国性前瞻性队列研究（作者Carrieri MP等）咖啡具有抗炎和保肝的作用。在普通人群中,每天喝3杯或更多杯咖啡已被发现与全因死亡风险的大幅降低有关（14%）。本研究的目的是调查饮用咖啡与HIV和HCV共同感染者的全因死亡率之间的关系。ANRS CO13 HEPAVIH是一项法国正在进行的全国前瞻性队列研究,

HIV-HCV共同感染患者肝移植术后HCV复发和肝脏线粒体损害

Background/Aims: As life expectancy in HIV- HCV co- infected patients impro ves, end stage liver disease requiring liver transplantation (LT) may become an emerging problem. We report the Paul Brousse Hospital experience of transplantat ion for end stage cirrhosis in HIV- HCV co- infected patients. Methods: Seven consecutive HIV- HCV co- infected patients were transplanted between December 1999 and December 2002 for end stage liver disease due to HCV. All patients were treated by highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), HIV plasma viral load was < 400 copies/ml and median CD4 lymphocyte count was 306 cells/mm3 (range, 10 3- 510) before LT. At the time of evaluation (March 2003), the median follow- up was 21 months (range, 4- 40). Results: Two patients died, 4 and 22 months, r espectively after LT. At the last biopsy, METAVIR score was staged F4 in two pat ients, F3 in two, and F1 in one. Microvesicular steatosis was noted in nearly al l patients. The ratio of mitochondrial to nuclear DNA was low in three of four p atients examined as compared with the amount of liver mtDNA found in eight HIV- negative, HCV- infected controls (P=0.01). Conclusions: A significant defect i n the activity of the respiratory chain complex IV was noted in all five patient s studied. Mitochondrial hepatotoxicity and severe HCV recurrence occur in HIV- HCV co- infected patients after LT.

Elevated Linoleic Acid (A Pro-Inflammatory PUFA) and Liver Injury in a Treatment Naive HIV-HCV Co-Infected Alcohol Dependent Patient

HIV and HCV co-infection is a unique disease condition, and medical management of such condition is difficult due to severity and systemic complications. Added with heavy alcohol drinking, risk of liver injury increases due to several pro-inflammatory responses that subsequently get involved with alcohol metabolism. Elevated levels of fatty acids have been reported both in viral infections as well as alcoholic liver disease though such investigations have not addressed the adverse event with dual viral infection of HIV and HCV along with heavy drinking. This case report of a patient with excessive alcohol drinking and first time diagnosis of HIV and HCV dual infection, elaborating concurrent alteration in Linoleic Acid (LA) levels and pro-inflammatory shift in ω-6/ω-3 ratio along with the elevations in liver injury markers. Elevated LA has been recently studied extensively for its role in alcoholic liver disease;and in the present case, we also found it to be clinically relevant to liver injury.

布拖县艾滋病高流行地区HIV-HCV共感染患者HCV分子传播簇分析

目的了解凉山州布拖县特木里镇、木尔乡和九都乡(后称“两乡一镇”)HIV-HCV共感染人群中的HCV毒株亚型分布,分析当地HCV流行特征、传播规律及其影响因素,为针对性的制定HCV防治措施提供科学依据。方法收集2017—2020年布拖县“两乡一镇”HIV-HCV共感染人群血浆,按照基因型检测操作规程,获得HCV基因NS5B区序列。用比对的基因序列构建系统发育树,应用基因距离法构建分子传播网络。采用χ^(2)检验分析HCV分布情况,使用多元回归模型分析分析传播网络中边数≥2的影响因素。结果HIV-HCV抗体阳性样本HCV NS5B区测序检测617份,成功获得序列324份(52.51%)。其中6u、3a、3b和其他亚型,分别为117例(36.11%)、87例(26.85%)、55例(16.98%)、和65例(20.06%)。在基因距离为0.015时,成簇数最多(20个),构建HCV分子网络,共计132条(40.74%)序列进入网络。多因素Logistic回归分析显示:研究分子网络传播簇中边数≥2的影响因素,其他职业是农民的的0.34倍(95%CI:0.13~0.90),HIV治疗前CD4+T淋巴细胞在200~350个/μl是≤200个/μl的2.4倍(95%CI:1.08~5.34),感染3b亚型和其他亚型分别是6u亚型的0.221倍(95%CI:0.09~0.56)和0.428倍(95%CI:0.20~0.91)。结论凉山彝族地区HCV基因类型复杂多样,应加强6u亚型、农民的长期与动态监测,采取有效干预,精准防控。

Dynamics of tuberculosis in HIV-HCV co-infected cases

This work presents a compartmental mathematical model describing transmission and spread of tuberculosis(TB)in HIV-HCV co-infected cases.The novelty of this work comes through mathematical modeling of the dynamics of TB not only in HIV but also in HIV-HCV co-infected cases.We analyze the formulated model by proving the existence of disease-free equilibrium solution.We calculate the basic reproduction number Ro,of the model and construct Lyapunov-Lasalle candidate function to explore the global asymptotic stability of the disease-free equilibrium solution.Result from the mathematical analysis indicates that the disease-free equilibrium solution is globally asymptotically stable if Ro<1.The existence of unique endemic equilibrium solution is established through numerical investigation.Further,the model is reformulated as an optimal control problem,considering time-dependent controls(vaccination and public health education)to minimize the spread of tuberculosis in HIV-HCV co-infected cases,using Pontryagin's maximum principle.Numerical simulations and cost-effectiveness analysis are carried out which reveal that vaccination combined with public health education would reduce the spread of tuberculosis when HIV-HCV co-infected cases have been successfully controlled in the population.

Multiplex Rapid Test with Acceptable Diagnosis Performance as a Solution to Increase Diagnosis of Hepatitis B and C Viruses in Pregnant Women in an Area of High Prevalence of Both Hepatitis Viruses Associated with HIV

Background and Objective: HIV, hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are very widespread in the world, however, less than 20% of the people affected are diagnosed and treated. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of HIV, HCV and HBV co-infections in pregnant women at Bangui Community University Hospital and the cost of screening. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving consenting pregnant women who came for antenatal care was performed. HIV, HCV antibodies and HBV antigens were detected using Exacto Triplex? HIV/HCV/HBsAg rapid test, cross-validated by ELISA tests. Sociodemographic and professional data, the modes of transmission and prevention of HIV and both hepatitis viruses were collected in a standard sheet and analyzed using the Epi-Info software version 7. Results: Pregnant women aged 15 to 24 were the most affected (45.3%);high school girls (46.0%), and pregnant women living in cohabitation (65.3%) were the most represented. Twenty-five (16.7%) worked in the formal sector, 12.7% were unemployed housewives and the remainder in the informal sector. The prevalence of HIV, HBV, and HCV viruses was 11.8%, 21.9% and 22.2%, respectively. The prevalence of co-infections was 8.6% for HIV-HBV, 10.2% for HIV-HCV, 14.7% for HBV-HCV and 6.5% for HIV-HBV-HCV. All positive results and 10% of negative results by the rapid test were confirmed by ELISA tests. The serology of the three viruses costs 39,000 FCFA (60 Euros) by ELISA compared to 10,000 FCFA (15.00 Euros) with Exacto Triplex? HIV/HCV/AgHBs (BioSynex, Strasbourg, France). Conclusion: The low level of education and awareness of hepatitis are barriers to development and indicate the importance of improving the literacy rate of women in the Central African Republic (CAR). Likewise, the high prevalence of the three viruses shows the need for the urgent establishment of a national program to combat viral hepatitis in the CAR.

云南595例HIV/HCV共感染者的HCV基因型及临床特征分析

目的 分析云南省传染病医院抗病毒门诊595例HIV/HCV共感染者的HCV基因型及临床特征,为HIV/HCV防治提供参考。方法 选取2022年1月~2023年7月在云南省传染病医院抗病毒门诊就诊的HIV/AIDS患者为研究对象,采用横断面研究,收集患者基本信息,检测HCV抗体、HCV RNA、HCV基因型、生化指标,并进行分析。结果 筛查5709例HIV/AIDS患者,HCV抗体阳性率10.42%(595/5709),HCV RNA检测率86.72%(516/595),HCV RNA阳性率47.09%(243/516)。95.47%HCV RNA阳性完成HCV基因检测,其中各型占比为:1b型(14.66%)、2a型(0.86%)、3a型(27.59%)、3b型(40.95%)、6型(14.66%)、未分型(1.29%)。HCV RNA阳性者中FIB-4评分> 3.25为37.86%。不同感染途径的HIV/HCV共感染者丙肝基因分型差异有统计学意义(P <0.05),基因分型为3a、3b的FIB-4指数均高于其他基因型,两两比较差异均有统计学意义(均P <0.05)。结论 HIV/AIDS患者中HCV抗体、HCV RNA阳性率较高,HCV基因型以3b型、3a型为主要流行株,发生进展性肝脏纤维化占比较高。在HIV/AIDS患者中进行HCV感染的筛查对早期诊断及早期治疗丙型肝炎具有重要意义。

Seroprevalence of HBV and HCV among People Living with HIV in Burkina Faso and Diagnostic Performance of HIV/HCV/HBsAg Combined Rapid Test in Comparison with Architect Assays

Background: The diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) remains a constraint for some populations in sub-Saharan Africa. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of HBV and HCV in people living with HIV and to evaluate the performance of a combined rapid test for the simultaneous detection of HIV, HBV, and HCV. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that took place from February 2017 to November 2018 and included 139 HIV-infected individuals followed up at different medical centers in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. HBV and HCV serology tests were performed on-site using finger prick whole blood with HIV/HCV/HBsAg combined rapid test and then serum with two reference tests “Architect HBsAg Qualitative” and “Architect HIV Ag/Ab Combo”. Results: The mean age of the participants was 57 ± 8 years. Of the 139 participants, 10% (14/139) were HIV-1 positive, 71.9% (100/139) were HIV-2 positive, and 18.0% (25/139) were HIV-1/HIV-2 coinfected. The sensitivity and specificity of the HIV/HCV/HBsAg combined rapid test were 33.33% vs 99.11% and 20% vs 99.25% compared to Architect HBsAg Qualitative and Architect HIV Ag/Ab Combo, respectively. The Kappa and Youden Index values were 0.4262 and 0.3244 and 0.2707 and 0.1925, respectively, compared to each of the two reference tests. Conclusion: The results show that the HIV/HCV/HBsAg combined rapid test has poor diagnostic efficiency and should not be recommended for the diagnosis of these viruses.

HIV/HCV双感患者病毒载量与生化指标研究

目的:探讨HIV/HCV双感患者与HIV/AIDS患者病毒载量、生化指标之间的差异,以及与HIV单纯感染者HCV病毒载量(HCV-RNA)之间的关系,分析病毒载量与细胞免疫水平及生化指标间相关性,为HIV/HCV共感染的临床诊断、治疗提供依据。方法:收集伊宁市传染病医院2023年入院的HIV/AIDS感染者、HCV感染者、HIV/HCV双感患者血清样本,检测丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、总胆红素(TBIL)等生化指标;采用流式细胞术对CD4+T淋巴细胞进行计数,采用PCR技术检测HCV-RNA及HIV-RNA。结果:共收集HIV/AIDS感染者、HCV感染者和HIV/HCV共感染者及正常人群共481例,其中HIV/AIDS感染组192例,HCV感染组162例,HIV/HCV共感染组111例,正常对照组16例。HIV/HCV组的HIV-RNA检出率(51.35%)高于HIV组(25.52%)(P<0.001),HCV-RNA检出率高于HCV组(P<0.001),CD4+T淋巴细胞水平低于HIV/AIDS感染组(P<0.001),ALT和AST均极显著高于对照组、HIV组、HCV组(P<0.001),HIV病毒载量与CD4+T淋巴细胞计数及ALT、AST、GGT水平未存在相关性(P>0.05),与CD4+T%存在负相关性(P<0.05),HCV病毒载量与ALT、AST、GGT水平均存在正相关性(P<0.05),而HIV病毒载量与HCV病毒载量间未存在相关性(P=0.145)。结论:HCV感染机体后,ALT、AST、GGT等肝功能指标异常增高,HIV/HCV共感染后机体免疫抑制加重,免疫功能更加低下,肝脏的损伤严重,机体对HIV及HCV病毒的复制控制能力下降。

2017-2021年15691例孕妇首次产前筛查感染性指标分析

目的 探讨北京市昌平地区建档孕妇首次产前筛查感染性指标阳性情况。方法 对2017-2021年间,在北京积水潭医院回龙观院区建档并进行首次产前筛查的15 691例孕妇进行HBsAg、抗HCV抗体、抗TP抗体和抗HIV抗体检测,对抗TP抗体阳性样本进行确认实验和滴度检测,并进行统计分析。结果 15 691例孕妇首次产前筛查HBsAg阳性率为2.09%(328/15 691)、抗HCV抗体阳性率为0.42%(66/15 691)、抗TP抗体阳性率为0.61%(95/15 691)、抗HIV抗体初筛阳性率为0.08%(12/15 691),其中抗HIV抗体初筛12例阳性,经北京市疾病预防控制中心复检确诊1例感染。2017-2021年,孕妇HBsAg、抗TP抗体阳性率逐年降低(P <0.05);各年份间抗HCV抗体阳性率相比,差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05);HBs Ag阳性率随孕妇年龄升高增加(P <0.05),抗HCV抗体、抗TP抗体、抗HIV抗体在各年龄组之间相比,差异均无统计学意义(P均> 0.05);95例TP抗体阳性样本中,TPPA确证6例阳性,TRUST试验中4例检出抗体滴度。结论 北京昌平地区孕妇2017-2021年乙型肝炎、梅毒感染性指标阳性率逐年降低,HBs Ag阳性率随孕妇年龄升高而增加,对感染性指标进行筛查和监测有助于掌握孕妇传染病感染状况,及时进行母婴阻断和治疗,对孕产妇及新生儿的传染病防治和优生优育有重要意义。

HIV合并肝炎病毒感染肝功能相关指标及免疫功能变化分析

目的探讨HIV感染者合并肝炎病毒感染后,肝功能及淋巴细胞亚群的变化,为单纯性HIV感染和HIV合并肝炎病毒感染的研究提供相关依据。方法选取苏州市第五人民医院HIV感染者460例,用实时荧光定量PCR的方法检测乙肝DNA载量(HBV-DNA)和丙肝病毒RNA载量(HCV-RNA),以HBV-DNA含量大于500IU/mL为乙肝病毒感染,以HCV-RNA含量大于500IU/mL为丙肝病毒感染,将460例HIV感染者分为HIV单纯感染、HIV合并HBV、HIV合并HCV 3组。全自动生化分析仪检测3组HIV感染中血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)和γ-谷氨酰基转移酶(GGT-γ);应用流式细胞仪检测外周血淋巴细胞及亚群分布;同时用五分类血细胞分析仪检测外周血淋巴细胞的数量,采用双平台检测的方法得出CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞的绝对值。对数据进行性别、年龄、病毒载量、肝功能、淋巴细胞及亚群等多因素分析。结果(1)460例HIV感染者,单纯HIV感染为208例(45.2%),HIV合并HBV感染为173例(37.6%),HIV合并HCV感染为79例(17.2%),3组分布与性别、年龄构成差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。(2)3组患者中HIV合并HBV组ALT、AST均高于其余两组,且差异存在统计学意义(P<0.05)。(3)CD3^(+)T细胞的比例和绝对计数HIV合并HBV组显著低于其余两组(P<0.05);而CD4^(+)T的比例则在HIV合并HBV组中最高,显著高于其余两组(P<0.05);CD8^(+)T的比例与CD4^(+)T相反,在HIV合并HBV组中最低(P<0.05)。(4)对CD4^(+)T细胞绝对计数值划分区间,可见单纯HIV感染的患者69%在<200个/μL的区间内,而其余两组均以200~400个/μL区间为主。结论HIV感染者合并肝炎病毒(HBV或HCV)感染后发生肝功能损害更为严重,同时合并感染后可能更高水平的增加淋巴细胞的激活,淋巴细胞亚群的变化更为复杂,导致机体免疫功能的多样化。

427例HIV/AIDS患者合并HCV感染的临床分析

目的探讨广西住院HIV/AIDS患者合并HCV感染现状及临床特点。方法回顾性分析2018—2022年在我院首次住院治疗的13142例HIV/AIDS患者合并HCV的感染率。收集HIV/AIDS合并HCV感染患者(HIV/HCV组)的一般及临床资料,探讨感染途径和直接抗病毒药物(direct-acting antivirals,DAAs)治疗情况;纳入354例同期收治单纯HCV感染者作为对照;分析2组患者重症肝病的发生率和重症肝病致死率。结果13142例HIV/AIDS患者中,427例合并HCV感染,感染率达3.25%。HIV/HCV组感染途径85.71%为异性性传播。与单纯HCV组相比,HIV/HCV组肝衰竭的发生率和重症肝病致死率更高(P均<0.05)。对51例HIV/AIDS合并HCV感染患者进行HCV基因分型:la型占19.61%、lb型占13.73%、2a型占3.92%、3a型占11.76%、3b型占17.65%、6a型占29.41%,6d型占1.96%、6e型占1.96%。427例患者中入院前接受DAAs治疗者仅占1.41%(6/427)。对106例未行DAAs治疗患者分析显示,农民占53.77%,城镇无固定职业者占34.91%;首次在我院检查发现抗-HCV阳性者占64.15%(68/106),院外已确证丙型肝炎多年的37例患者中,不愿意治疗者占83.78%(31/37)。结论广西HIV/AIDS患者合并HCV感染比例高,性传播是合并HCV感染的主要途径,HCV基因型以1、3、6型为主,HIV合并HCV感染易导致肝病重症化,可增加病死率,入院前接受DAAs治疗率很低。因此,对合并HCV感染的HIV/AIDS患者,应加强宣教,提高其依从性,应尽早进行DDAs治疗,改善其预后。

凉山州某县HIV合并HCV感染者HCV基因型及临床特征分析

目的 分析凉山州某县HIV合并HCV感染者HCV基因型及临床特征。方法 采用回顾性研究,收集并分析2021年04月至2021年12月在四川凉山州越西县抗病毒治疗中心随访的55例HIV合并HCV感染者的基本信息、HCV基因型、HCV RNA定量结果和肝功能结果。结果 55例感染者中,以男性感染者为主(70.91%);年龄主要分布在21~40岁(70.91%);感染途径以静脉吸毒传播为主(61.82%)。55例感染者中,32例完成了HCV基因分型,共发现3种基因型-1型(包括1b型)、3型和6型,其中以3型为主。HCV各基因型在不同性别、年龄及感染途径中的分布差异均无统计学意义(P=0.350;P=0.893;P=0.765)。55例感染者中,HCV基因6型感染者的HCV RNA定量结果高于其他组的感染者,但各组间差异均无统计学意义(P=0.111)。肝功能结果在各组间的差异均无统计学意义(P=0.165;P=0.321;P=0.905;P=0.104)。结论 凉山州某县HIV合并HCV感染者中HCV基因型以3型相对较多,不同基因型的HCV RNA定量结果和肝功能结果无明显差异。

乌鲁木齐某中医三甲医院2020年HCV、TP、HIV的感染现状分析

目的 了解乌鲁木齐市中医医院患者的丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)、梅毒螺旋体(TP)、人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)的感染情况,为防止院内感染和乌鲁木齐市相关部门采取相应的干预措施提供参考资料。方法 收集2020年在乌鲁木齐市中医医院进行HCV、TP、HIV筛查的7 504例患者,整理患者的病例资料,并对析患者近3个月是否与临时性伴发生过性行为、婚姻状况以及文化程度进行深入分析。结果 HCV、TP、HIV的感染率为1.199%(90/7 504)、0.399%(30/7 504)、0.280%(21/7 504)。HCV的感染情况,少数民族、男性明显高于非少数民族和女性,比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),≤40岁的感染率低于>40岁的,在年龄上呈老龄化趋势;TP感染在性别、年龄上差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),在汉族、少数民族间的感染情况差异明显(χ^(2)=6.308,P<0.05),非本市人口的感染率(0.554%)要高于本市人群(0.282%);HIV的感染情况,在性别、户籍地、民族间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在对TP、HIV患者的调查分析中,未婚或者离异以及学历在高中以下人群TP、HIV的患病率较高。结论 2020年乌鲁木齐市中医医院患者中HCV感染率较于我国一般人群低,TP、HIV感染率较之偏高;非本市户籍、少数民族、男性、无固定性伴侣者、学历低者为TP、HIV感染特征。

海南省吸毒人员吸毒方式与HIV、HCV、HBV和梅毒感染调查分析

采用血清流行病学方法和行为问卷对 3市县戒毒所5 1 4名吸毒人员进行调查。结果 :单纯口吸者占 6 6 1 5 % ,静脉注射吸毒者占 33 85 % ,共用注射器占静脉吸毒者 2 4 71 % ,检出抗HIV、抗HCV、HBsAg和梅毒阳性率分别为 0 1 95 %、2 9 6 7%、2 2 85 %、7 0 3%。表明 :吸毒者是 4种传染病感染的高危人群 ,静脉 (共用针具 )吸毒方式对HIV、HCV感染较HBV。

凉山州吸毒人群HIV和HCV感染情况调查

目的了解吸毒人群中人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)和丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)共感染情况以及影响其感染的因素。方法对四川省凉山地区356名吸毒人员进行流行病学调查,并检测其HIV和HCV抗体。结果356名吸毒人员中HCV抗体阳性者210例,占59.0%;HIV抗体阳性者31例,占8.7%,其中同时感染HIV和HCV者25例,占7.0%;少数民族和受教育程度低的吸毒人群中HIV的感染明显高于其他人群(P<0.05)。采取静脉共感染注射吸毒的人群中HCV的感染者高于其他人群,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论通过提高其文化水平减少吸毒人群,或改变吸毒方式,可以控制或减少HIV和HCV的传播和扩散。

深圳地区无偿献血者HIV合并乙肝、丙肝、梅毒感染情况与特征分析

目的了解深圳地区无偿献血者HIV合并乙肝、丙肝、梅毒感染情况与特征。方法深圳市血液中心于2003-2013年采用酶联免疫吸附法与病毒核酸检测(NAT)检测乙肝、丙肝、艾滋病毒,对梅毒与艾滋初筛检测为阳性的献血者样品分别送至深圳市疾病控制中心和深圳市慢性病防治中心实验室进行确认;调查探索这11年来HIV确认阳性献血者合并乙肝、丙肝、梅毒感染的流行情况与特点,并分析该类献血者的基本特征。结果 2003-2013年献血者梅毒、艾滋的感染率总体呈明显上升趋势,乙肝流行率趋于平稳状态,而丙肝感染率呈下降态势;11年来HIV确认阳性献血者有142例,其中合并其他病毒或梅毒感染共有47例(0.009%,47/142),其中以HIV/TP合并感染最为显著,占28.87%(41/142),HIV/HBV、HIV/HCV 2项感染分别有2、3例,只有1例为三项感染(HIV/HBV/TP)。通过与HIV阴性献血者比对,HIV确认阳性献血者合并感染其他病毒的比率均高于HIV阴性献血者(P<0.05);47例HIV合并感染者基本特征以男性、18-30岁、未婚、学历高中/中专、职业工人为主,初次献血者占82.98%。结论深圳地区无偿献血HIV感染人群中有较高的梅毒感染率,亦间接反映HIV献血者的以性接触途径感染为主;本数据为献血招募和安全人群的选择提供重要信息,保障血液输血安全,为血源性传染病的防控提供实用性数据。