Objective:To examine the potent of water as a solvent agent in the preparation of traditional herbal medicine.Methods:Water extracts of 18 plants were prepared through reflux and examined(25μg/mL) to evaluate their p...Objective:To examine the potent of water as a solvent agent in the preparation of traditional herbal medicine.Methods:Water extracts of 18 plants were prepared through reflux and examined(25μg/mL) to evaluate their possibility for inhibiting protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B(PTP1B).The determination of IC50 values was performed for the samples possessing more than 80%inhibition.Meanwhile,those exhibiting IC50 values more than 7.0 μg/mL were further profiled for their chemical constituents through nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) measurement.Results:About 44%(8) of the examined samples showed more than 80%inhibition against PTP1 B.The water extracts of Elephantopus scaber,Helicteres isora aerial parts,Elaeocarpus grandiflorus(E.grandiflorus) fruits,Melaleuca leucadendron leaves,and Quercus infectoria gum had IC50 values ranging from 2.05 to 6.90 μg/mL.Meanwhile,Andropogon nardus and Centella asiatica were at the area of δ 3.0-4.0 ppm.Further,the13 C NMR observation of samples possessing the most intensive signals in their proton NMR Cinnamomum burmannii and E.grandiflorus showed the peaks at the area of δ 60-90 ppm as the supportive evidence for sugar group signals.Intriguingly,a disaccharide from E.grandiflorus could be an active inhibitor towards PTB1 B.Conclusions:In contrast to the mainstream solvents currently used in modern herbal manufactures especially Jamu medicine in Indonesia,pure-water-extracted materials should be reconsidered and could be reemerged for future studies and for the manufacture of herbal medicines.In addition,the activity of Jamu components should be confirmed that their antidiabetes and antiobesity activities could be through the inhibition of PTP1 B.展开更多
针对基于单一阈值的大范围水体提取同时存在着漏提与误提的局限性,提出了基于大津法的局部范围阈值自适应确定的方法。通过分析水体与其背景地物的光谱特征,发现归一化水体指数(Normalized Difference Water Index,NDWI)直方图呈现明显...针对基于单一阈值的大范围水体提取同时存在着漏提与误提的局限性,提出了基于大津法的局部范围阈值自适应确定的方法。通过分析水体与其背景地物的光谱特征,发现归一化水体指数(Normalized Difference Water Index,NDWI)直方图呈现明显的双峰分布,对NDWI使用大津法可以较准确地自动计算出水体与非水体的阈值。在初始阈值提取的水体信息的基础上,通过窗体提取局部范围的水体及其背景并进行局部自适应阈值的计算,实现自适应阈值水体信息的提取。使用环境小卫星影像对闽江流域进行水体提取实验,结果表明该方法可实现大范围水体快速提取,提取精度为95.25%,较全局统一阈值提取精度提高5.25%,并能在一定程度上消除地形阴影与建筑物等的影响,对细小水体的提取精度有所提高。展开更多
基金Supported by Faculty of Pharmacy,Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta(Ref.001/DM-I/FF/2014)
文摘Objective:To examine the potent of water as a solvent agent in the preparation of traditional herbal medicine.Methods:Water extracts of 18 plants were prepared through reflux and examined(25μg/mL) to evaluate their possibility for inhibiting protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B(PTP1B).The determination of IC50 values was performed for the samples possessing more than 80%inhibition.Meanwhile,those exhibiting IC50 values more than 7.0 μg/mL were further profiled for their chemical constituents through nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) measurement.Results:About 44%(8) of the examined samples showed more than 80%inhibition against PTP1 B.The water extracts of Elephantopus scaber,Helicteres isora aerial parts,Elaeocarpus grandiflorus(E.grandiflorus) fruits,Melaleuca leucadendron leaves,and Quercus infectoria gum had IC50 values ranging from 2.05 to 6.90 μg/mL.Meanwhile,Andropogon nardus and Centella asiatica were at the area of δ 3.0-4.0 ppm.Further,the13 C NMR observation of samples possessing the most intensive signals in their proton NMR Cinnamomum burmannii and E.grandiflorus showed the peaks at the area of δ 60-90 ppm as the supportive evidence for sugar group signals.Intriguingly,a disaccharide from E.grandiflorus could be an active inhibitor towards PTB1 B.Conclusions:In contrast to the mainstream solvents currently used in modern herbal manufactures especially Jamu medicine in Indonesia,pure-water-extracted materials should be reconsidered and could be reemerged for future studies and for the manufacture of herbal medicines.In addition,the activity of Jamu components should be confirmed that their antidiabetes and antiobesity activities could be through the inhibition of PTP1 B.
文摘针对基于单一阈值的大范围水体提取同时存在着漏提与误提的局限性,提出了基于大津法的局部范围阈值自适应确定的方法。通过分析水体与其背景地物的光谱特征,发现归一化水体指数(Normalized Difference Water Index,NDWI)直方图呈现明显的双峰分布,对NDWI使用大津法可以较准确地自动计算出水体与非水体的阈值。在初始阈值提取的水体信息的基础上,通过窗体提取局部范围的水体及其背景并进行局部自适应阈值的计算,实现自适应阈值水体信息的提取。使用环境小卫星影像对闽江流域进行水体提取实验,结果表明该方法可实现大范围水体快速提取,提取精度为95.25%,较全局统一阈值提取精度提高5.25%,并能在一定程度上消除地形阴影与建筑物等的影响,对细小水体的提取精度有所提高。
