A high performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrome try(HPLC-ESI-MS/MS) method was developed for the analysis and identification of ginsenosides in the extracts of raw...A high performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrome try(HPLC-ESI-MS/MS) method was developed for the analysis and identification of ginsenosides in the extracts of raw Panax ginseng(RPG) and steamed Panax ginseng at high temperatures(SPGHT). A total of 25 ginsenosides were extracted include of which 10 low-polar ginsenosides, such as ginsenosides F4, Rk3, Rh4, 20S-Rg3, 20R-Rg3 and so on, were identified according to their HPLC retention time and MS/MS data. The results indicated that the low polar ginsenosides were seldom found in RPG. For the exploration of the transformation pattern of the ginsenosides in steam processing, the standards of ginsenosides Re, Rg1, Rb1, Rc, Rb2, Rb3 and Rd were selected and hydrolyzed at a temperature of 120 oC. The results show that these polar ginsenosides can be converted to low-polar ginsenosides such as Rg2, Rg6, F4, Rk3 and Rg5 by hydrolyzing the sugar chains.展开更多
Panax ginseng C.A.Mey.is an important plant species used in traditional Chinese medicine,whose primary active ingredient is a ginsenoside.Ginsenoside biosynthesis is not only regulated by transcription factors but als...Panax ginseng C.A.Mey.is an important plant species used in traditional Chinese medicine,whose primary active ingredient is a ginsenoside.Ginsenoside biosynthesis is not only regulated by transcription factors but also controlled by a variety of structural genes.Nonetheless,the molecular mechanism underlying ginsenoside biosynthesis has always been a topic in the discussion of ginseng secondary metabolites.Squalene epoxidase(SQE)is a key enzyme in the mevalonic acid pathway,which affects the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites such as terpenoid.Using ginseng transcriptome,expression,and ginsenoside content databases,this study employed bioinformatic methods to systematically analyze the genes encoding SQE in ginseng.We first selected six PgSQE candidates that were closely involved in ginsenoside biosynthesis and then identified PgSQE08-01 to be highly associated with ginsenoside biosynthesis.Next,we constructed the overexpression vector pCAMBIA3301-PgSQE08-01 and the RNAi vector pART27-PgSQE08-01 and transformed ginseng adventitious roots using Agrobacterium rhizogenes,to obtain positive hairy-root clones.Thereafter,quantitative reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction and high-performance liquid chromatography were used to determine the expression of relevant genes and ginsenoside content,respectively.Then,we focused on the function of PgSQE08-01 gene,which was noted to be involved in ginsenoside biosynthesis.Thus,these findings not only provided a molecular basis for the identification of important functional genes in ginseng but also enriched genetic resources for the biosynthesis of ginsenosides using synthetic biology.展开更多
A high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) with UV detection was established for simultaneous determination of saponins in the leaf of Panax ginseng C. A. Mey. Nine ginsenosides(Rbl, Rb2, Rb3, Rc, Rd, F1, F2, F...A high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) with UV detection was established for simultaneous determination of saponins in the leaf of Panax ginseng C. A. Mey. Nine ginsenosides(Rbl, Rb2, Rb3, Rc, Rd, F1, F2, F3, F5) and notoginsenoside Fe(NFe) were studied. Among the saponins, the ginsenosides F1, F2, F3, F5 and NFe were determined by HPLC-UV method for the first time. The determination of the ginsenosides via the HPLC-UV method was performed on a reversed-phase C18 column with gradient elution in 40 min. The linearity, precision, accuracy, and detection limit for determining the saponins were studied and the samples from different areas in China were analyzed. The HPLC-ESI-MS was used to identify the saponins. The results indicate that the HPLC-UV provided a good accuracy, reproducibility and sensitivity for the determination of the ten saponins.展开更多
Objective:Fusarium oxysporum is a common pathogenic fungus in ginseng cultivation.Both pathogens and antagonistic fungi have been reported to induce plant resistance responses,thereby promoting the accumulation of sec...Objective:Fusarium oxysporum is a common pathogenic fungus in ginseng cultivation.Both pathogens and antagonistic fungi have been reported to induce plant resistance responses,thereby promoting the accumulation of secondary metabolites.The purpose of this experiment is to compare the advantages of one of the two fungi,in order to screen out more effective elicitors.The mechanism of fungal elicitor-induced plant resistance response is supplemented.Methods:A gradient dilution and the dural culture were carried out to screen strains.The test strain was identified by morphology and 18 s rDNA.The effect of different concentrations(0,50,100,200,400 mg/L)ofPenicillium sp.YJM-2013 and F.oxysporum on fresh weight and ginsenosides accumulation were tested.Signal molecules transduction,expression of transcription factors and functional genes were investigated to study the induction mechanism of fungal elicitors.Results:Antagonistic fungi ofF.oxysporum was identified as Penicillium sp.YJM-2013,which reduced root biomass.The total ginsenosides content of Panax ginseng adventitious roots reached the maximum(48.95±0.97 mg/g)treated with Penicillium sp.YJM-2013 at 200 mg/L,higher than control by 2.59-fold,in which protopanoxadiol-type ginsenosides(PPD)were increased by 4.57 times.Moreover,Penicillium sp.YJM-2013 activated defense signaling molecules,up-regulated the expression of PgWRKY 1,2,3,5,7,9 and functional genes in ginsenosides synthesis.Conclusion:Compared with the pathogenic fungi F.oxysporum,antagonistic fungi Penicillium sp.YJM-2013 was more conducive to the accumulation of ginsenosides in P.ginseng adventitious roots.Penicillium sp.YJM-2013 promoted the accumulation of ginsenosides by intensifying the generation of signal molecules,activating the expression of transcription factors and functional genes.展开更多
A new panaxadiol (compound 1) was obtained from the acid hydrolysate of the total ginsenosides of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer (Araliaceae). On the basis of spectroscopic data and single-crystal X-ray diffraction dat...A new panaxadiol (compound 1) was obtained from the acid hydrolysate of the total ginsenosides of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer (Araliaceae). On the basis of spectroscopic data and single-crystal X-ray diffraction data, its chemical structure was elucidated to be dammar-(E)-20(22)-ene-3β,12β,25 -tfiol.展开更多
A novel dammarane-type triterpene oligoglycoside, named ginsenoside-Rg6 3, was isolated from the stem-leaves of Panax ginseng C. A. Mey., together with two known ones, 20(S)-ginsenoside-Rg2 1 and 20(R)-ginsenoside-Rg2...A novel dammarane-type triterpene oligoglycoside, named ginsenoside-Rg6 3, was isolated from the stem-leaves of Panax ginseng C. A. Mey., together with two known ones, 20(S)-ginsenoside-Rg2 1 and 20(R)-ginsenoside-Rg2 2. On the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence , the structure of ginsenoside-Rg6 have been elucidated as 6-O-(-L-rhamnosyl-(1?2)-(-D-glucopyranosyl-dammarane-(E)-20(22), 24-diene-3(, 6(, 12(-triol.展开更多
From the dried flower-buds of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer, a new ndnor dammaranetype triterpene saponin named ginsenoside III was iso1ated. On the basis of spectral and chemical evidence, the structure of the new saponin...From the dried flower-buds of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer, a new ndnor dammaranetype triterpene saponin named ginsenoside III was iso1ated. On the basis of spectral and chemical evidence, the structure of the new saponin was elucidated as 3 -O- [β-D -glucopyranosyl (1→2 ) - βD- glucopyranosyl] - 20-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl 3 β, 12β- 20(S) -trihydroxydammar- 25 - en- 24-one.展开更多
Aim:To develop a rapid,effective method for the detemination of flavonoids and ginsenosides in one injection and evaluate the flavonoids and ginsenosides content to control the ratio of Epimedium and Ginseng herbs in ...Aim:To develop a rapid,effective method for the detemination of flavonoids and ginsenosides in one injection and evaluate the flavonoids and ginsenosides content to control the ratio of Epimedium and Ginseng herbs in botanical combinations.Methods: The quality evaluation was determinatted using reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatog raphy(HPLC),referred by the major flovonoids from Epimedium,epimedin A,epimedin B,epimedin C,and icariin as the standards,and the major ginsenosides Rg1,Re,Rf,Rb1,Rb2,and Rd as the standards,included Epimedium brevicornum Maxim.,E.sagittatum(Sieb.et Zucc)Maxim.,E.koreanum NaKai,P.ginseng C.A.Meyer,P.quinquefolium L.,P.notoginseng and some products containing the above herbs.Results:The main flavonoids and ginsenosides could be clearly resolved in the single analysis.Conclusion.The results can be effectively used in evaluating qualitatively and quantitatively the ration of Epimdium and Ginseng contained products.展开更多
OBJECTIVE Panax ginseng C.A.Meyer(ginseng)is a well-known medicinal plant worldwide and a key ingredient in many commercially-available health products.It is used as a tonic for invigoration and for tification in time...OBJECTIVE Panax ginseng C.A.Meyer(ginseng)is a well-known medicinal plant worldwide and a key ingredient in many commercially-available health products.It is used as a tonic for invigoration and for tification in times of fatigue and debility or declining capacity for work and concentration.Previous in-house study has surveyed over three hundred ginseng and ginseng products(including P.ginseng,P.quinquefolius,P.notoginseng,P.pseudoginseng)available in Singapore.This review presents an overview of the pharmacological activities and herb-drug interactions of P.ginseng and its ginsenosides.METHODS Literature searches of PubMed and ScienceDirect were done to identify pharmacological activities and herb-drug interactions of P.ginseng,its extracts and its chemical components,including ginsenosides.Studies of whole plant extracts include both White ginseng and Red ginseng.The studies for the pharmacological activities of whole plant extract were limited to those published from 2009 to 2015.There was no restriction on the time frame of other studies.Terms such as″P.ginseng″,″Ginsenosides″were searched.Studies found included in vitro assays,in vivo animal studies,human clinical trials as well as individual case reports.RESULTS A total of 112 studies were found on whole plant extracts and 257 studies on its individual components.Whole plant extracts of ginseng were found to possess over fifty different pharmacological activities,while its individual components exhibit parts of this spectrum.P.ginseng was found to interact with drugs such as 5-fluorouracil,irinotecan,mitomycin C,docetaxel,cisplatin,alcohol,midazolam,warfarin,phenelzine,raltegravir and imatinib.CONCLUSION P.ginseng and its components exhibit a wide range of pharmacological activities and interact with some drugs.There remain much opportunities for future research.展开更多
Ginsenosides, the main pharmacologically active natural compounds in ginseng (Panax ginseng), are mostly the glycosylated products of protopanaxadiol (PPD) and protopanaxatriol (PPT). No uridine diphosphate glyc...Ginsenosides, the main pharmacologically active natural compounds in ginseng (Panax ginseng), are mostly the glycosylated products of protopanaxadiol (PPD) and protopanaxatriol (PPT). No uridine diphosphate glycosyltransferase (UGT), which catalyzes PPT to produce PPT-type ginsenosides, has yet been reported. Here, we show that UGTPgl, which has been demonstrated to regio-specifically glycosylate the C20-OH of PPD, also specifically glycosylates the C20-OH of PPT to produce bioactive ginsenoside FI. We report the characterization of four novel UGT genes isolated from P. ginseng, sharing high deduced amino acid identity (〉84%) with UGTPgl. We demonstrate that UGTPgl00 specifically glycosylates the C6-OH of PPT to produce bioactive ginsenoside Rhl, and UGTPgl01 catalyzes PPT to produce F1, followed by the generation of ginsenoside Rgl from FI. However, UGTPgl02 and UGTPgl03 were found to have no detectable activity on PPT. Through structural modeling and site-directed mutagenesis, we identified several key amino acids of these UGTs that may play important roles in determining their activities and substrate regio-specificities. Moreover, we constructed yeast recombinants to biosynthesize F1 and Rhl by introducing the genetically engineered PPT-producing pathway and UGTPgl or UGTPgl00. Our study reveals the possible biosynthetic pathways of PPT-type ginsenosides in Panax plants, and provides a sound manufacturing approach for bioactive PPT-type ginsenosides in yeast via synthetic biology strategies.展开更多
Five minor compounds isolated from the leaves of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer were characterized as 20(R)-protopanaxatriol (1), daucosterin (2), 3β, 12β-dihydroxy-dammar-20 (22), 24-diene-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosi...Five minor compounds isolated from the leaves of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer were characterized as 20(R)-protopanaxatriol (1), daucosterin (2), 3β, 12β-dihydroxy-dammar-20 (22), 24-diene-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), 20 (R)-protopanaxadiol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (4) and ginsenoside-Rh2 (5), respectively, on the basis of spectral analyses and chemical evidence. The two new saponins, 3 and 4, were named as ginsenoside-Rh3 and 20(R)-ginsenoside-Rh2.Nine other major saponins obtained simultaneously were identical with ginsenoside-Rh1(6),-Rg3 (7), -Rg2 (8), -Rg1 (9),-Re(10),-Rd (11), -Rc (12), -Rb2(13) and Rb1 (14), respectively.展开更多
基金Supported by the Key Project of Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Department, China(No.20090908)the Project of Changchun Science and Technology Bureau, China(No.2008256)the Special Cooperative Project for Hitech Industrializa-tion of Jilin Provincial Science and Chinese Academy of Sciences, China(No.2009SYHZ0026)
文摘A high performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrome try(HPLC-ESI-MS/MS) method was developed for the analysis and identification of ginsenosides in the extracts of raw Panax ginseng(RPG) and steamed Panax ginseng at high temperatures(SPGHT). A total of 25 ginsenosides were extracted include of which 10 low-polar ginsenosides, such as ginsenosides F4, Rk3, Rh4, 20S-Rg3, 20R-Rg3 and so on, were identified according to their HPLC retention time and MS/MS data. The results indicated that the low polar ginsenosides were seldom found in RPG. For the exploration of the transformation pattern of the ginsenosides in steam processing, the standards of ginsenosides Re, Rg1, Rb1, Rc, Rb2, Rb3 and Rd were selected and hydrolyzed at a temperature of 120 oC. The results show that these polar ginsenosides can be converted to low-polar ginsenosides such as Rg2, Rg6, F4, Rk3 and Rg5 by hydrolyzing the sugar chains.
基金This work was supported by an award from the Department of Science and Technology of Jilin Province(20210402043GH and 20210204063YY).
文摘Panax ginseng C.A.Mey.is an important plant species used in traditional Chinese medicine,whose primary active ingredient is a ginsenoside.Ginsenoside biosynthesis is not only regulated by transcription factors but also controlled by a variety of structural genes.Nonetheless,the molecular mechanism underlying ginsenoside biosynthesis has always been a topic in the discussion of ginseng secondary metabolites.Squalene epoxidase(SQE)is a key enzyme in the mevalonic acid pathway,which affects the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites such as terpenoid.Using ginseng transcriptome,expression,and ginsenoside content databases,this study employed bioinformatic methods to systematically analyze the genes encoding SQE in ginseng.We first selected six PgSQE candidates that were closely involved in ginsenoside biosynthesis and then identified PgSQE08-01 to be highly associated with ginsenoside biosynthesis.Next,we constructed the overexpression vector pCAMBIA3301-PgSQE08-01 and the RNAi vector pART27-PgSQE08-01 and transformed ginseng adventitious roots using Agrobacterium rhizogenes,to obtain positive hairy-root clones.Thereafter,quantitative reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction and high-performance liquid chromatography were used to determine the expression of relevant genes and ginsenoside content,respectively.Then,we focused on the function of PgSQE08-01 gene,which was noted to be involved in ginsenoside biosynthesis.Thus,these findings not only provided a molecular basis for the identification of important functional genes in ginseng but also enriched genetic resources for the biosynthesis of ginsenosides using synthetic biology.
文摘A high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) with UV detection was established for simultaneous determination of saponins in the leaf of Panax ginseng C. A. Mey. Nine ginsenosides(Rbl, Rb2, Rb3, Rc, Rd, F1, F2, F3, F5) and notoginsenoside Fe(NFe) were studied. Among the saponins, the ginsenosides F1, F2, F3, F5 and NFe were determined by HPLC-UV method for the first time. The determination of the ginsenosides via the HPLC-UV method was performed on a reversed-phase C18 column with gradient elution in 40 min. The linearity, precision, accuracy, and detection limit for determining the saponins were studied and the samples from different areas in China were analyzed. The HPLC-ESI-MS was used to identify the saponins. The results indicate that the HPLC-UV provided a good accuracy, reproducibility and sensitivity for the determination of the ten saponins.
基金The work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China NSFC(No.81703639).
文摘Objective:Fusarium oxysporum is a common pathogenic fungus in ginseng cultivation.Both pathogens and antagonistic fungi have been reported to induce plant resistance responses,thereby promoting the accumulation of secondary metabolites.The purpose of this experiment is to compare the advantages of one of the two fungi,in order to screen out more effective elicitors.The mechanism of fungal elicitor-induced plant resistance response is supplemented.Methods:A gradient dilution and the dural culture were carried out to screen strains.The test strain was identified by morphology and 18 s rDNA.The effect of different concentrations(0,50,100,200,400 mg/L)ofPenicillium sp.YJM-2013 and F.oxysporum on fresh weight and ginsenosides accumulation were tested.Signal molecules transduction,expression of transcription factors and functional genes were investigated to study the induction mechanism of fungal elicitors.Results:Antagonistic fungi ofF.oxysporum was identified as Penicillium sp.YJM-2013,which reduced root biomass.The total ginsenosides content of Panax ginseng adventitious roots reached the maximum(48.95±0.97 mg/g)treated with Penicillium sp.YJM-2013 at 200 mg/L,higher than control by 2.59-fold,in which protopanoxadiol-type ginsenosides(PPD)were increased by 4.57 times.Moreover,Penicillium sp.YJM-2013 activated defense signaling molecules,up-regulated the expression of PgWRKY 1,2,3,5,7,9 and functional genes in ginsenosides synthesis.Conclusion:Compared with the pathogenic fungi F.oxysporum,antagonistic fungi Penicillium sp.YJM-2013 was more conducive to the accumulation of ginsenosides in P.ginseng adventitious roots.Penicillium sp.YJM-2013 promoted the accumulation of ginsenosides by intensifying the generation of signal molecules,activating the expression of transcription factors and functional genes.
基金supported by Changchun Science and Technology Program Project(No.08YJ41)
文摘A new panaxadiol (compound 1) was obtained from the acid hydrolysate of the total ginsenosides of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer (Araliaceae). On the basis of spectroscopic data and single-crystal X-ray diffraction data, its chemical structure was elucidated to be dammar-(E)-20(22)-ene-3β,12β,25 -tfiol.
基金The Ninth 5-year Plan" Key Science and Technique R & D Programme Foundation of China (96-901-01-12A).
文摘A novel dammarane-type triterpene oligoglycoside, named ginsenoside-Rg6 3, was isolated from the stem-leaves of Panax ginseng C. A. Mey., together with two known ones, 20(S)-ginsenoside-Rg2 1 and 20(R)-ginsenoside-Rg2 2. On the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence , the structure of ginsenoside-Rg6 have been elucidated as 6-O-(-L-rhamnosyl-(1?2)-(-D-glucopyranosyl-dammarane-(E)-20(22), 24-diene-3(, 6(, 12(-triol.
文摘From the dried flower-buds of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer, a new ndnor dammaranetype triterpene saponin named ginsenoside III was iso1ated. On the basis of spectral and chemical evidence, the structure of the new saponin was elucidated as 3 -O- [β-D -glucopyranosyl (1→2 ) - βD- glucopyranosyl] - 20-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl 3 β, 12β- 20(S) -trihydroxydammar- 25 - en- 24-one.
文摘Aim:To develop a rapid,effective method for the detemination of flavonoids and ginsenosides in one injection and evaluate the flavonoids and ginsenosides content to control the ratio of Epimedium and Ginseng herbs in botanical combinations.Methods: The quality evaluation was determinatted using reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatog raphy(HPLC),referred by the major flovonoids from Epimedium,epimedin A,epimedin B,epimedin C,and icariin as the standards,and the major ginsenosides Rg1,Re,Rf,Rb1,Rb2,and Rd as the standards,included Epimedium brevicornum Maxim.,E.sagittatum(Sieb.et Zucc)Maxim.,E.koreanum NaKai,P.ginseng C.A.Meyer,P.quinquefolium L.,P.notoginseng and some products containing the above herbs.Results:The main flavonoids and ginsenosides could be clearly resolved in the single analysis.Conclusion.The results can be effectively used in evaluating qualitatively and quantitatively the ration of Epimdium and Ginseng contained products.
基金The project supported by Lee Foundation Grant(TCH and KHL,R-184-000-200-720)and research scholarship(WHN)
文摘OBJECTIVE Panax ginseng C.A.Meyer(ginseng)is a well-known medicinal plant worldwide and a key ingredient in many commercially-available health products.It is used as a tonic for invigoration and for tification in times of fatigue and debility or declining capacity for work and concentration.Previous in-house study has surveyed over three hundred ginseng and ginseng products(including P.ginseng,P.quinquefolius,P.notoginseng,P.pseudoginseng)available in Singapore.This review presents an overview of the pharmacological activities and herb-drug interactions of P.ginseng and its ginsenosides.METHODS Literature searches of PubMed and ScienceDirect were done to identify pharmacological activities and herb-drug interactions of P.ginseng,its extracts and its chemical components,including ginsenosides.Studies of whole plant extracts include both White ginseng and Red ginseng.The studies for the pharmacological activities of whole plant extract were limited to those published from 2009 to 2015.There was no restriction on the time frame of other studies.Terms such as″P.ginseng″,″Ginsenosides″were searched.Studies found included in vitro assays,in vivo animal studies,human clinical trials as well as individual case reports.RESULTS A total of 112 studies were found on whole plant extracts and 257 studies on its individual components.Whole plant extracts of ginseng were found to possess over fifty different pharmacological activities,while its individual components exhibit parts of this spectrum.P.ginseng was found to interact with drugs such as 5-fluorouracil,irinotecan,mitomycin C,docetaxel,cisplatin,alcohol,midazolam,warfarin,phenelzine,raltegravir and imatinib.CONCLUSION P.ginseng and its components exhibit a wide range of pharmacological activities and interact with some drugs.There remain much opportunities for future research.
文摘Ginsenosides, the main pharmacologically active natural compounds in ginseng (Panax ginseng), are mostly the glycosylated products of protopanaxadiol (PPD) and protopanaxatriol (PPT). No uridine diphosphate glycosyltransferase (UGT), which catalyzes PPT to produce PPT-type ginsenosides, has yet been reported. Here, we show that UGTPgl, which has been demonstrated to regio-specifically glycosylate the C20-OH of PPD, also specifically glycosylates the C20-OH of PPT to produce bioactive ginsenoside FI. We report the characterization of four novel UGT genes isolated from P. ginseng, sharing high deduced amino acid identity (〉84%) with UGTPgl. We demonstrate that UGTPgl00 specifically glycosylates the C6-OH of PPT to produce bioactive ginsenoside Rhl, and UGTPgl01 catalyzes PPT to produce F1, followed by the generation of ginsenoside Rgl from FI. However, UGTPgl02 and UGTPgl03 were found to have no detectable activity on PPT. Through structural modeling and site-directed mutagenesis, we identified several key amino acids of these UGTs that may play important roles in determining their activities and substrate regio-specificities. Moreover, we constructed yeast recombinants to biosynthesize F1 and Rhl by introducing the genetically engineered PPT-producing pathway and UGTPgl or UGTPgl00. Our study reveals the possible biosynthetic pathways of PPT-type ginsenosides in Panax plants, and provides a sound manufacturing approach for bioactive PPT-type ginsenosides in yeast via synthetic biology strategies.
文摘Five minor compounds isolated from the leaves of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer were characterized as 20(R)-protopanaxatriol (1), daucosterin (2), 3β, 12β-dihydroxy-dammar-20 (22), 24-diene-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), 20 (R)-protopanaxadiol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (4) and ginsenoside-Rh2 (5), respectively, on the basis of spectral analyses and chemical evidence. The two new saponins, 3 and 4, were named as ginsenoside-Rh3 and 20(R)-ginsenoside-Rh2.Nine other major saponins obtained simultaneously were identical with ginsenoside-Rh1(6),-Rg3 (7), -Rg2 (8), -Rg1 (9),-Re(10),-Rd (11), -Rc (12), -Rb2(13) and Rb1 (14), respectively.