Data analysis guidelines for single‑cell RNA‑seq in biomedical studies and clinical applications

The application of single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)in biomedical research has advanced our understanding of the pathogenesis of disease and provided valuable insights into new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.With the expansion of capacity for high-throughput scRNA-seq,including clinical samples,the analysis of these huge volumes of data has become a daunting prospect for researchers entering this field.Here,we review the workflow for typical scRNA-seq data analysis,covering raw data processing and quality control,basic data analysis applicable for almost all scRNA-seq data sets,and advanced data analysis that should be tailored to specific scientific questions.While summarizing the current methods for each analysis step,we also provide an online repository of software and wrapped-up scripts to support the implementation.Recommendations and caveats are pointed out for some specific analysis tasks and approaches.We hope this resource will be helpful to researchers engaging with scRNA-seq,in particular for emerging clinical applications.

Near-infrared aggregation-induced emission materials:Bibliometric analysis and their application in biomedicalfield

Aggregation-induced emission(AIE)is an intriguing photophysical phenomenon,where specific materials exhibit a remarkable surge in luminescence when brought together in non-ideal solvents or within a solid matrix.Since the concept of AIE wasfirst introduced in 2001,numerous advanced applications have been gradually explored across various domains,including optics,electronics,energy,and the life sciences.Of particular note is the growing interest in the application of AIE systems with near-infrared(NIR)emissive feature in thefield of biomedicine,encompass-ing detection,imaging,and therapeutic interventions.Notably,bibliometric analysis serves as a valuable tool to provide researchers with a comprehensive understand-ing of research achievements and developmental trends in specificfields,which is crucial for academic research.Herein,we present a general bibliometric overview spanning two decades of NIR-AIE development.With the assistance of core scien-tific databases and various bibliometric software tools,we conducted a systematic analysis of annual publications and citations,the most influential countries/regions,leading authors,journals,and institutions,as well as the hot topics related to NIR applications and forward-looking predictions.Furthermore,the application of AIE with NIR properties in the biomedicalfield is also systematically reviewed.

Rational design and functional evolution of targeted peptides for bioanalytical applications

The complicated, highly dynamic and diverse nature of biosystems brings great challenges to the specific analysis of molecular processes of interest. Nature provides antibodies for the specific recognition of antigens, which is a straight-forward way for targeted analysis. However, there are still limitations during the practical applications due to the big size of the antibodies, which accelerate the discovery of small molecular probes. Peptides built from various optional building blocks and easily achieved by chemical synthetic approaches with predictable conformations, are versatile and can act as tailor-made targeting vehicles.In this mini review, we summarize the recent developments in the discovery of novel peptides for bioanalytical and biomedical applications. Progresses in peptide-library design and selection strategies are presented. Recent achievements in the peptide-guided detection, imaging and disease treatment are also focused.

高分辨快原子轰击质谱法及其在生物医学分析中的应用

快原子轰击质谱经过十几年的发展，已成为分析极杜强、难挥发和热不稳定化合物囊常用的质谱方法，然而用快原子轰击质话进行精确质量测定的应用和研究开展还不很广泛．本文简要介绍了高分辨快原子轰击腐语法的方法和特点，并概述了高分辨快原子轰击质谱在生物医学分析几个主要方面（生物小分子、生物大分子、药物代谢产物和临床病理研究等）中的应用．

荧光寿命数据的相量分析及其应用

荧光寿命显微成像技术(fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy,FLIM)具有特异性强、灵敏度高、可定量测量等优点,被广泛应用于生物医学、材料学等领域的研究.为使FLIM技术更好地适用于高通量数据的快速分析,近年来涌现出多种荧光寿命分析的新算法.其中,相量分析法(phasor analysis,PA)通过将时间域的拟合转化为频率域的直接计算来获得荧光寿命值,与传统的最小二乘拟合法相比,不仅更加简便快速,适用于低光子数情形,而且便于使数据内容可视化和对数据进行聚类分析,因此越来越受到科研人员的青睐.本文详细阐述了相量分析法的基本原理及运用方法,并在此基础上介绍了该方法在细胞代谢状态测量、蛋白质相互作用研究、细胞微环境测量,以及辅助病理诊断和提高超分辨成像分辨率等方面的应用,着重讨论了PA法在这些FLIM应用实例中的优势所在,为相关领域的研究提供有益的参考.最后,对荧光寿命数据的相量分析及其应用的发展方向进行展望.

基于专利数据的碳纳米材料生物医用技术发展趋势分析

以大为Innojoy专利检索系统收录的全球碳纳米材料在生物医疗领域应用的专利作为数据源,利用定量、定性、可视化分析方法对该领域专利技术生命周期、全球专利布局、申请人、关键技术、技术功效矩阵进行分析。结果显示,碳纳米材料生物医用技术集中在骨组织工程、神经组织、血管支架、药物载体、抗肿瘤、生物成像几大方面,技术进入调整期,但仍然是全球研发热点,并未出现技术衰退的迹象。中国在该领域的专利申请数量排名第一,但是核心专利较少,美国和日本已在全球布局专利,中国仍然主要针对本国市场。

A bibliometric analysis: Research progress and prospects on transition metal dichalcogenides in the biomedical field

Recent years have witnessed the wide contributions made by transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDCs)to various fields, including the biomedical field. Here, to identify and further promote the development of biomedical TMDCs, we provide a bibliometric analysis of literature regarding TMDCs for biomedical applications. Firstly, general bibliometric distributions of the dataset by year, country, institute, Web of Science category and referenced source are recognized. Following, we carefully explore the research hotspots of the TMDC-related biomedical field, among which biosensing, bioelectronics, cancer theranostics, antibacterial and tissue engineering are identified. The functions of TMDCs in each biomedical scenario, the related properties and research challenges are highlighted. Finally, future prospects are proposed to shed light on the design of novel TMDC-related biomaterials, potential new biomedical applications, as well as their clinical translation.

中文生物医学期刊引文查询系统(CMCI)的研究及应用

通过对国内外科学引文数据库的比较及用户需求和潜在的使用前景的分析 ,提出建立中文生物医学期刊引文数据库的必要性。通过对我国中文医学期刊引文现状的调研 ,提出建立医学期刊引文数据库的指导原则和实现方法。同时对创建的生物医学期刊引文查询系统的规模、检索原理、服务方式进行了系统概述 ,并强调了该《查询系统》的特点、实用性以及对我国医药信息领域的影响和作用。

生物医药卫生科技查新中的信息分析研究

介绍了科技查新和信息分析的概念与关系,阐述了生物医药卫生科技查新中涉及到的信息分析研究,对科技查新工作具有重要的指导作用和实用价值,以及培养查新人员的信息分析能力的重要性。

激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱在生物样品定量分析中的研究进展

激光剥蚀-电感耦合等离子体质谱(LA-ICP-MS)作为一种可以直接分析固体材料的元素含量和同位素比值的分析技术,已经历了30多年的迅速发展。本文首先简要介绍了LA-ICP-MS的仪器装置,之后阐述了LA-ICP-MS定量分析中的基体效应、分馏效应以及定量校正方法,重点介绍了其在生物医学研究中的应用。最后对LA-ICP-MS的发展方向和应用前景进行了展望。

基于时域光声信号的谱分析技术及其在生物医学领域的应用

基于时域光声信号的谱分析技术是一种能够提供生物组织结构和功能信息的非侵入式检测技术,其结合了光学模态的高对比度和超声模态在深层组织中的高分辨率两重特性,可对不同波长光激发下的目标生物组织的光声信号数据集进行处理分析。相较于传统光谱检测,该技术不易受被测对象形状、形态的限制和光散射的影响,使其对较深层组织的检测仍具有较高灵敏度。相较于光声成像,该技术无需引入图像重建算法且专注于实现定量分析。综述时域光声信号的谱分析技术在生物组织、生物体液、生物呼出气体检测中的应用,介绍相关研究所采用的改进实验系统或不同信号处理方法,阐述该技术的研究进展与发展方向。

非相干拉曼显微技术及其生物医学应用(特邀)

拉曼技术具有非侵入、分子指纹、不受水干扰、制样简单、光谱分辨率高等优点,在很多领域都是一种广受欢迎的研究工具。尤其在生物医学领域,拉曼技术不仅可以本征地捕捉正常生理或病理所携带的不同化学信息,而且该技术适用于检测各种常见的生物和临床样品(包括细胞、组织、体液和微生物等),目前很多课题组的研究结果都表明拉曼技术在生物医学领域具有巨大的应用前景。本文首先介绍自发拉曼散射和表面增强拉曼散射的基本工作机理,接着介绍分析处理拉曼数据(光谱和图像)的步骤和算法,然后简单总结了近年来非相干拉曼显微技术在生物医学上的研究成果,最后指出拉曼技术目前面临的挑战并展望了其未来可能的发展方向。

场效应晶体管生物传感器在生物医学检测中的应用研究进展

场效应晶体管生物传感器因其灵敏度高、分析速度快、无标记、体积小、操作简单等特点而受到了很多关注,广泛应用于DNA、蛋白质、细胞、离子等生物识别物的检测。近年来,更有纳米材料和微电子技术在传感器设计中提高传感器的传感性能,场效应晶体管生物传感器朝着高灵敏、微型化、快速化以及多功能化的方向以令人惊叹的速度发展。研究场效应晶体管生物传感器工作原理,阐述近年来场效应晶体管生物传感器在生物医学检测领域中最新的研究进展与应用,探讨场效应晶体管生物传感器克服各种缺陷的应对策略,为该传感器在未来生物医学检测中的开发提供参考。