Even though switching in vacuum is a technology with almost 100 years of history,its recent develop-ments are still changing the future of power transmission and distribution systems.First,current switch-ing in vacuum...Even though switching in vacuum is a technology with almost 100 years of history,its recent develop-ments are still changing the future of power transmission and distribution systems.First,current switch-ing in vacuum is an eco-friendly technology compared to switching in SF 6 gas,which is the strongest greenhouse gas according to the Kyoto Protocol.Vacuum,an eco-friendly natural medium,is promising for reducing the usage of SF 6 gas in current switching in transmission voltage.Second,switching in vacuum achieves faster current interruption than existing alternating current(AC)switching technolo-gies.A vacuum circuit breaker(VCB)that uses an electromagnetic repulsion actuator is able to achieve a theoretical limit of AC interruption,which can interrupt a short-circuit current in the first half-cycle of a fault current,compared to the more common three cycles for existing current switching technologies.This can thus greatly enhance the transient stability of power networks in the presence of short-circuit faults,especially for ultra-and extra-high-voltage power transmission lines.Third,based on fast vacuum switching technology,various brilliant applications emerge,which are benefiting the power systems.They include the applications in the fields of direct current(DC)circuit breakers(CBs),fault current lim-iting,power quality improvement,generator CBs,and so forth.Fast vacuum switching technology is promising for controlled switching technology in power systems because it has low variation in terms of opening and closing times.With this controlled switching,vacuum switching technology may change the“gene”of power systems,by which power switching transients will become smoother.展开更多
To enhance nominal current of high voltage vacuum circuit breakers （VCBs）, a gravity heat pipe was proposed to replace stationary conducting rod of a high voltage vacuum interrupter. The heat pipe is composed of two...To enhance nominal current of high voltage vacuum circuit breakers （VCBs）, a gravity heat pipe was proposed to replace stationary conducting rod of a high voltage vacuum interrupter. The heat pipe is composed of two coaxis tubes： the external tube is made of oxygen-free copper and the inner tube is made of stainless steel. The bottom end of the inner stainless steel tube is connected to the external copper tube by holes. Transient and static thermal performance of the heat pipe was measured, and the thermal resistance of it was compared with that of a solid copper rod with the same dimensions. Experimental results showed that thermal resistance of the heat pipe was about 1/3 of that of the copper rod, and it decreased slightly with the rising of the input heat flux. 3D thermal simulation on a 126 kV/2000 A single break VCB was done to compare the thermal performance between the proposed gravity heat pipe and the copper rod serving as the stationary conducting rod of the vacuum interrupter. Simulation results revealed that in the heat pipe case, the maximum temperature between contacts was 67 ℃ lower than that in the copper rod case.展开更多
基于强迫换流原理的混合型直流真空断路器(hybrid direct current vacuum circuit breaker,HDCVCB)是直流开断技术的有效方式之一,其参数设计及开断能力决定于真空灭弧室的特性。介绍了混合型直流真空断路器的典型拓扑结构及其工作原理...基于强迫换流原理的混合型直流真空断路器(hybrid direct current vacuum circuit breaker,HDCVCB)是直流开断技术的有效方式之一,其参数设计及开断能力决定于真空灭弧室的特性。介绍了混合型直流真空断路器的典型拓扑结构及其工作原理,对真空电弧理论和真空灭弧室触头结构的研究概况进行了阐述。分析了直流分断中电流波形与交流中的正弦波不同、电流下降率大、燃弧时间可控等特点,得到了其分断能力与换流电流投入时电弧形态和电极状态密切相关的结论。对不同触头结构下的真空电弧形态演化规律,不同条件下的真空灭弧室的强迫换流分断特性与介质恢复规律等实验研究工作进行了综述,最后对直流真空灭弧室的研发进行了展望。展开更多
为将真空断路器应用于更高电压等级,多断口真空断路器的研究成为行业内的热点问题。在分析总结此前研究成果的基础上,设计了一种由3个光控真空断路器模块(FCVIM)串联组成的126 k V真空断路器。断路器按照U形方式串联光控真空断路器模块...为将真空断路器应用于更高电压等级,多断口真空断路器的研究成为行业内的热点问题。在分析总结此前研究成果的基础上,设计了一种由3个光控真空断路器模块(FCVIM)串联组成的126 k V真空断路器。断路器按照U形方式串联光控真空断路器模块,光控真空断路器模块主要由外绝缘部件、真空灭弧室、均压电容、永磁操动机构及其控制器和操动电源等部分组成,在低电位通过光纤控制技术对工作于高电位的永磁操动机构进行控制。对三断口真空断路器和单断口真空断路器模块分别施加雷电冲击电压,结果显示三断口真空断路器相对单断口真空断路器的击穿电压增益倍数为1.59;在并联不同均压电容和人为制造三断口不同步分断情况下研究三断口真空断路器暂态电压分布特性,发现低分散性操动机构和均压电容的应用可以有效提高其开断能力。三断口真空断路器在额定电压下成功开断40 k A短路电流,在不同试验方式下完成重合闸操作,并已顺利通过挂网试运行。展开更多
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51937009 and 51877166)the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province (2019ZDLGY18-04)
文摘Even though switching in vacuum is a technology with almost 100 years of history,its recent develop-ments are still changing the future of power transmission and distribution systems.First,current switch-ing in vacuum is an eco-friendly technology compared to switching in SF 6 gas,which is the strongest greenhouse gas according to the Kyoto Protocol.Vacuum,an eco-friendly natural medium,is promising for reducing the usage of SF 6 gas in current switching in transmission voltage.Second,switching in vacuum achieves faster current interruption than existing alternating current(AC)switching technolo-gies.A vacuum circuit breaker(VCB)that uses an electromagnetic repulsion actuator is able to achieve a theoretical limit of AC interruption,which can interrupt a short-circuit current in the first half-cycle of a fault current,compared to the more common three cycles for existing current switching technologies.This can thus greatly enhance the transient stability of power networks in the presence of short-circuit faults,especially for ultra-and extra-high-voltage power transmission lines.Third,based on fast vacuum switching technology,various brilliant applications emerge,which are benefiting the power systems.They include the applications in the fields of direct current(DC)circuit breakers(CBs),fault current lim-iting,power quality improvement,generator CBs,and so forth.Fast vacuum switching technology is promising for controlled switching technology in power systems because it has low variation in terms of opening and closing times.With this controlled switching,vacuum switching technology may change the“gene”of power systems,by which power switching transients will become smoother.
基金Project (No. 200806981005) supported by the New Teacher Foundation of MOE, China
文摘To enhance nominal current of high voltage vacuum circuit breakers （VCBs）, a gravity heat pipe was proposed to replace stationary conducting rod of a high voltage vacuum interrupter. The heat pipe is composed of two coaxis tubes： the external tube is made of oxygen-free copper and the inner tube is made of stainless steel. The bottom end of the inner stainless steel tube is connected to the external copper tube by holes. Transient and static thermal performance of the heat pipe was measured, and the thermal resistance of it was compared with that of a solid copper rod with the same dimensions. Experimental results showed that thermal resistance of the heat pipe was about 1/3 of that of the copper rod, and it decreased slightly with the rising of the input heat flux. 3D thermal simulation on a 126 kV/2000 A single break VCB was done to compare the thermal performance between the proposed gravity heat pipe and the copper rod serving as the stationary conducting rod of the vacuum interrupter. Simulation results revealed that in the heat pipe case, the maximum temperature between contacts was 67 ℃ lower than that in the copper rod case.
文摘基于强迫换流原理的混合型直流真空断路器(hybrid direct current vacuum circuit breaker,HDCVCB)是直流开断技术的有效方式之一,其参数设计及开断能力决定于真空灭弧室的特性。介绍了混合型直流真空断路器的典型拓扑结构及其工作原理,对真空电弧理论和真空灭弧室触头结构的研究概况进行了阐述。分析了直流分断中电流波形与交流中的正弦波不同、电流下降率大、燃弧时间可控等特点,得到了其分断能力与换流电流投入时电弧形态和电极状态密切相关的结论。对不同触头结构下的真空电弧形态演化规律,不同条件下的真空灭弧室的强迫换流分断特性与介质恢复规律等实验研究工作进行了综述,最后对直流真空灭弧室的研发进行了展望。
文摘为将真空断路器应用于更高电压等级,多断口真空断路器的研究成为行业内的热点问题。在分析总结此前研究成果的基础上,设计了一种由3个光控真空断路器模块(FCVIM)串联组成的126 k V真空断路器。断路器按照U形方式串联光控真空断路器模块,光控真空断路器模块主要由外绝缘部件、真空灭弧室、均压电容、永磁操动机构及其控制器和操动电源等部分组成,在低电位通过光纤控制技术对工作于高电位的永磁操动机构进行控制。对三断口真空断路器和单断口真空断路器模块分别施加雷电冲击电压,结果显示三断口真空断路器相对单断口真空断路器的击穿电压增益倍数为1.59;在并联不同均压电容和人为制造三断口不同步分断情况下研究三断口真空断路器暂态电压分布特性,发现低分散性操动机构和均压电容的应用可以有效提高其开断能力。三断口真空断路器在额定电压下成功开断40 k A短路电流,在不同试验方式下完成重合闸操作,并已顺利通过挂网试运行。
