Purple-leafed plants not only have a higher resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses,but also have higher ornamental value.Anthocyanins are vital for leaf color formation,growth and development of purple leaves.Howev...Purple-leafed plants not only have a higher resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses,but also have higher ornamental value.Anthocyanins are vital for leaf color formation,growth and development of purple leaves.However,the molecular mechanism underlying purple leaf formation in Lagerstroemia indica remains unclear.Metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis of purple-leafed cultivar‘Ebony Embers’and greenleafed cultivar‘Arapahoe’showed that the high expression of anthocyanin structure genes induced hyperaccumulation of cyanidin and pelargonidin derivatives,making the leaves purple.LfiHY5,LfiMYB75 and LfibHLH1 were identified using correlation analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis.In‘Arapahoe’‘Ebony Embers’population,LfiHY5 and LfiMYB75 showed significant positive correlation with leaf anthocyanin content.Transient expression of LfiMYB75 and LfiHY5 in tobacco and purple-leafed crape myrtle indicated that the two genes activated anthocyanin synthesis.Yeast two-hybrid analysis showed that LfiMYB75 and LfibHLH1 could form a complex that enhanced anthocyanin synthesis.Yeast monohybrid and dual-luciferase assays confirmed that LfiHY5 activated the expression of LfiMYB75,to activate the transcription of anthocyanin structural genes LfiCHS and LfiANS.Moreover,there were three alleles of LfiHY5 in crape myrtle,and the different sequences had different activation effects on LfiMYB75.In conclusion,the results showed that LfiHY5 led to upregulate the transcription of LfiMYB75,and LfiMYB75 formed a complex with LfibHLH1,which increased the transcription level of LfiCHS and LfiANS to affect anthocyanin synthesis in crape myrtle.展开更多
The basic leucine zipper(bZIP)transcription factor HY5 plays a multifaceted role in plant growth and development.Here the apple MdHY5 gene was cloned based on its homology with Arabidopsis HY5.Expression analysis demo...The basic leucine zipper(bZIP)transcription factor HY5 plays a multifaceted role in plant growth and development.Here the apple MdHY5 gene was cloned based on its homology with Arabidopsis HY5.Expression analysis demonstrated that MdHY5 transcription was induced by light and abscisic acid treatments.Electrophoretic mobility shift assays and transient expression assays subsequently showed that MdHY5 positively regulated both its own transcription and that of MdMYB10 by binding to E-box and G-box motifs,respectively.Furthermore,we obtained transgenic apple calli that overexpressed the MdHY5 gene,and apple calli coloration assays showed that MdHY5 promoted anthocyanin accumulation by regulating expression of the MdMYB10 gene and downstream anthocyanin biosynthesis genes.In addition,the transcript levels of a series of nitrate reductase genes and nitrate uptake genes in both wild-type and transgenic apple calli were detected.In association with increased nitrate reductase activities and nitrate contents,the results indicated that MdHY5 might be an important regulator in nutrient assimilation.Taken together,these results indicate that MdHY5 plays a vital role in anthocyanin accumulation and nitrate assimilation in apple.展开更多
Light plays a critical role in plant growth and development,but the mechanisms through which light regulates fruit ripening and nutritional quality in horticultural crops remain largely unknown.Here,we found that ELON...Light plays a critical role in plant growth and development,but the mechanisms through which light regulates fruit ripening and nutritional quality in horticultural crops remain largely unknown.Here,we found that ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5(HY5),a master regulator in the light signaling pathway,is required for normal fruit ripening in tomato(Solanum lycopersicum).Loss of function of tomato HY5(SlHY5)impairs pigment accumulation and ethylene biosynthesis.Transcriptome profiling identified 2948 differentially expressed genes,which included 1424 downregulated and 1524 upregulated genes,in the Slhy5 mutants.In addition,genes involved in carotenoid and anthocyanin biosynthesis and ethylene signaling were revealed as direct targets of SlHY5 by chromatin immunoprecipitation.Surprisingly,the expression of a large proportion of genes encoding ribosomal proteins was downregulated in the Slhy5 mutants,and this downregulation pattern was accompanied by a decrease in the abundance of ribosomal proteins.Further analysis demonstrated that SlHY5 affected the translation efficiency of numerous ripening-related genes.These data indicate that SlHY5 regulates fruit ripening both at the transcriptional level by targeting specific molecular pathways and at the translational level by affecting the protein translation machinery.Our findings unravel the regulatory mechanisms of SlHY5 in controlling fruit ripening and nutritional quality and uncover the multifaceted regulation of gene expression by transcription factors.展开更多
Winter rape(Brassica napus L.)is better than other edible oil crops in China,but poor cold resistance is the key factor restricting its development.Hypocotyl length was found closely related to cold tolerance.The corr...Winter rape(Brassica napus L.)is better than other edible oil crops in China,but poor cold resistance is the key factor restricting its development.Hypocotyl length was found closely related to cold tolerance.The correlation between hypocotyl length and semi-lethal low temperature was significant,and the highest correlation between hypocotyl length and LT50 of autumn sowing was 0.9557.When the hypocotyl were treated at low temperature,the cells were seriously damaged and formed cavity structures,with cell walls seriously damaged or merged into each other.The positive regulation gene of hypocotyl length in resistant line of VHTSG 10 was identified as HY5(transcription factor HY5-like)by qPCR,and bZIP transcription factor was found to be its conserved domain.Fused gene by GFP and HY5 from VHTSG 10 was transient transferred into Nicotiana benthamiana cells.Corresponding to the 35S:GFP widely distributed in plasma membrane of leaf epidermis,the fusion protein 35S:HY5-GFP was mainly distributed in nucleus.Thus we regarded BnHY5 gene is a key gene related to cold tolerance and hypocotyl length in B.napus.展开更多
Dwarfing is a pivotal agronomic trait affecting both yield and quality.Citrus species exhibit substantial variation in plant height,among which internode length is a core element.However,the molecular mechanism govern...Dwarfing is a pivotal agronomic trait affecting both yield and quality.Citrus species exhibit substantial variation in plant height,among which internode length is a core element.However,the molecular mechanism governing internode elongation remains unclear.Here,we unveiled that the transcriptional cascade consisting of B-BOX DOMAIN PROTEIN 22(BBX22)and ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5(HY5)finely tunes plant height and internode elongation in citrus.Loss-of-function mutations of BBX22 in an early-flowering citrus(Citrus hindsii“SJG”)promoted internode elongation and reduced pigment accumulation,whereas ectopic expression of BBX22 in SJG,sweet orange(C.sinensis),pomelo(C.maxima)or heterologous expression of BBX22 in tomato(Solanum lycopersicum)significantly decreased internode length.Furthermore,exogenous application of gibberellin A3(GA3)rescued the shortened internode and dwarf phenotype caused by BBX22overexpression.Additional experiments revealed that BBX22 played a dual role in regulation internode elongation and pigmentation in citrus.On the one hand,it directly bound to and activated the expression of HY5,GA metabolism gene(GA2 OXIDASE 8,GA2ox8),carotenoid biosynthesis gene(PHYTOENE SYNTHASE 1,PSY1)and anthocyanin regulatory gene(Ruby1,a MYB DOMAIN PROTEIN).On the other hand,it acted as a cofactor of HY5,enhancing the ability of HY5 to regulate target genes expression.Together,our results reveal the critical role of the transcriptional cascade consisting of BBX22 and HY5 in controlling internode elongation and pigment accumulation in citrus.Unraveling the crosstalk regulatory mechanism between internode elongation and fruit pigmentation provides key genes for breeding of novel types with both dwarf and health-beneficial fortification in citrus.展开更多
基金the National Key R and D Program of China(Grant Nos.2019YFD1000402,2019YFD1001004)the World-Class Discipline Construction and Characteristic Development Guidance Funds for Beijing Forestry University(Grant No.2019XKJS0323).
文摘Purple-leafed plants not only have a higher resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses,but also have higher ornamental value.Anthocyanins are vital for leaf color formation,growth and development of purple leaves.However,the molecular mechanism underlying purple leaf formation in Lagerstroemia indica remains unclear.Metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis of purple-leafed cultivar‘Ebony Embers’and greenleafed cultivar‘Arapahoe’showed that the high expression of anthocyanin structure genes induced hyperaccumulation of cyanidin and pelargonidin derivatives,making the leaves purple.LfiHY5,LfiMYB75 and LfibHLH1 were identified using correlation analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis.In‘Arapahoe’‘Ebony Embers’population,LfiHY5 and LfiMYB75 showed significant positive correlation with leaf anthocyanin content.Transient expression of LfiMYB75 and LfiHY5 in tobacco and purple-leafed crape myrtle indicated that the two genes activated anthocyanin synthesis.Yeast two-hybrid analysis showed that LfiMYB75 and LfibHLH1 could form a complex that enhanced anthocyanin synthesis.Yeast monohybrid and dual-luciferase assays confirmed that LfiHY5 activated the expression of LfiMYB75,to activate the transcription of anthocyanin structural genes LfiCHS and LfiANS.Moreover,there were three alleles of LfiHY5 in crape myrtle,and the different sequences had different activation effects on LfiMYB75.In conclusion,the results showed that LfiHY5 led to upregulate the transcription of LfiMYB75,and LfiMYB75 formed a complex with LfibHLH1,which increased the transcription level of LfiCHS and LfiANS to affect anthocyanin synthesis in crape myrtle.
基金This work was supported by grants from the Natural Science Foundation of China(31325024 and 31601742)the Ministry of Education of China(IRT15R42)and Shandong Province Government(SDAIT-06-03).
文摘The basic leucine zipper(bZIP)transcription factor HY5 plays a multifaceted role in plant growth and development.Here the apple MdHY5 gene was cloned based on its homology with Arabidopsis HY5.Expression analysis demonstrated that MdHY5 transcription was induced by light and abscisic acid treatments.Electrophoretic mobility shift assays and transient expression assays subsequently showed that MdHY5 positively regulated both its own transcription and that of MdMYB10 by binding to E-box and G-box motifs,respectively.Furthermore,we obtained transgenic apple calli that overexpressed the MdHY5 gene,and apple calli coloration assays showed that MdHY5 promoted anthocyanin accumulation by regulating expression of the MdMYB10 gene and downstream anthocyanin biosynthesis genes.In addition,the transcript levels of a series of nitrate reductase genes and nitrate uptake genes in both wild-type and transgenic apple calli were detected.In association with increased nitrate reductase activities and nitrate contents,the results indicated that MdHY5 might be an important regulator in nutrient assimilation.Taken together,these results indicate that MdHY5 plays a vital role in anthocyanin accumulation and nitrate assimilation in apple.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant Nos.31801601,31925035,and 31871855)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2018T110153)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS(2019083).
文摘Light plays a critical role in plant growth and development,but the mechanisms through which light regulates fruit ripening and nutritional quality in horticultural crops remain largely unknown.Here,we found that ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5(HY5),a master regulator in the light signaling pathway,is required for normal fruit ripening in tomato(Solanum lycopersicum).Loss of function of tomato HY5(SlHY5)impairs pigment accumulation and ethylene biosynthesis.Transcriptome profiling identified 2948 differentially expressed genes,which included 1424 downregulated and 1524 upregulated genes,in the Slhy5 mutants.In addition,genes involved in carotenoid and anthocyanin biosynthesis and ethylene signaling were revealed as direct targets of SlHY5 by chromatin immunoprecipitation.Surprisingly,the expression of a large proportion of genes encoding ribosomal proteins was downregulated in the Slhy5 mutants,and this downregulation pattern was accompanied by a decrease in the abundance of ribosomal proteins.Further analysis demonstrated that SlHY5 affected the translation efficiency of numerous ripening-related genes.These data indicate that SlHY5 regulates fruit ripening both at the transcriptional level by targeting specific molecular pathways and at the translational level by affecting the protein translation machinery.Our findings unravel the regulatory mechanisms of SlHY5 in controlling fruit ripening and nutritional quality and uncover the multifaceted regulation of gene expression by transcription factors.
基金Longdong College youth Science and technology innovation project(XYZK2106)the Agriculture Research System Gansu Province(GARS-TSZ-1)+2 种基金Agriculture Research System of China(CARS-12)Study on variety substitution and key technology of cold resistance and high yield of winter rape(GSLK-2021-12)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31860388)。
文摘Winter rape(Brassica napus L.)is better than other edible oil crops in China,but poor cold resistance is the key factor restricting its development.Hypocotyl length was found closely related to cold tolerance.The correlation between hypocotyl length and semi-lethal low temperature was significant,and the highest correlation between hypocotyl length and LT50 of autumn sowing was 0.9557.When the hypocotyl were treated at low temperature,the cells were seriously damaged and formed cavity structures,with cell walls seriously damaged or merged into each other.The positive regulation gene of hypocotyl length in resistant line of VHTSG 10 was identified as HY5(transcription factor HY5-like)by qPCR,and bZIP transcription factor was found to be its conserved domain.Fused gene by GFP and HY5 from VHTSG 10 was transient transferred into Nicotiana benthamiana cells.Corresponding to the 35S:GFP widely distributed in plasma membrane of leaf epidermis,the fusion protein 35S:HY5-GFP was mainly distributed in nucleus.Thus we regarded BnHY5 gene is a key gene related to cold tolerance and hypocotyl length in B.napus.
基金supported by funding from the National Natural Science Foundation of China granted to Q.X.(number 31925034)the National Key Research and Development Program of China granted to Q.X.(number 2022YFF1003100)+3 种基金Major Special Projects and Key R&D Projects in Yunnan Province granted to Q.X.(202102AE090054)the Key Research and Development Program of Hubei granted to X.W.(number 2022BBA155)the Foundation of Hubei Hongshan Laboratory granted to Q.X.(number 2021hszd016)Key Project of Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation granted to Q.X.(number 2021CFA017)。
文摘Dwarfing is a pivotal agronomic trait affecting both yield and quality.Citrus species exhibit substantial variation in plant height,among which internode length is a core element.However,the molecular mechanism governing internode elongation remains unclear.Here,we unveiled that the transcriptional cascade consisting of B-BOX DOMAIN PROTEIN 22(BBX22)and ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5(HY5)finely tunes plant height and internode elongation in citrus.Loss-of-function mutations of BBX22 in an early-flowering citrus(Citrus hindsii“SJG”)promoted internode elongation and reduced pigment accumulation,whereas ectopic expression of BBX22 in SJG,sweet orange(C.sinensis),pomelo(C.maxima)or heterologous expression of BBX22 in tomato(Solanum lycopersicum)significantly decreased internode length.Furthermore,exogenous application of gibberellin A3(GA3)rescued the shortened internode and dwarf phenotype caused by BBX22overexpression.Additional experiments revealed that BBX22 played a dual role in regulation internode elongation and pigmentation in citrus.On the one hand,it directly bound to and activated the expression of HY5,GA metabolism gene(GA2 OXIDASE 8,GA2ox8),carotenoid biosynthesis gene(PHYTOENE SYNTHASE 1,PSY1)and anthocyanin regulatory gene(Ruby1,a MYB DOMAIN PROTEIN).On the other hand,it acted as a cofactor of HY5,enhancing the ability of HY5 to regulate target genes expression.Together,our results reveal the critical role of the transcriptional cascade consisting of BBX22 and HY5 in controlling internode elongation and pigment accumulation in citrus.Unraveling the crosstalk regulatory mechanism between internode elongation and fruit pigmentation provides key genes for breeding of novel types with both dwarf and health-beneficial fortification in citrus.
