Approach Thermal Habitat Assessment in N’Djamena in Chad

For the earth material construction is the most used one in Chad, the object of this work is the assessment of the thermal quality of earthen adobe mixed with straw. Different simulation software analyzes the CoDyBa which is conducted to determine the behavior of this material compared to living comfort thanks to the Fanger model, which is a method of approach to thermal comfort standpoint. The study focused on two configurations on the formation of the walls of a room. The first of these configurations led to the definition of a first cell constructed earthen adobe named Batter roofing sheet aluminum and a second cell built in blocks named Batbet which had the same geometric characteristics (thickness, dimensions and side openings) and covered in the same manner as the ground cell. The different comfort indices PMV and PPD values of these two configurations of habitat were identified and were used to determine their thermal comfort rating.

Assessment of habitat suitability of the snow leopard (Panthera uncia) in Qomolangma National Nature Reserve based on MaxEnt modeling

Habitat evaluation constitutes an important and fundamental step in the management of wildlife populations and conservation policy planning. Geographic information system （GIS） and species presence data provide the means by which such evaluation can be done. Maximum Entropy （MaxEnt） is widely used in habitat suitability modeling due to its power of accuracy and additional descriptive properties To survey snow leopard populations in Qomolangma （Mt. Everest） National Nature Reserve （QNNR）, Xizang （Tibet）, China, we pooled 127 pugmarks, 415 scrape marks, and 127 non-invasive identifications of the animal along line transects and recorded 87 occurrences through camera traps from 2014-2017. We adopted the MaxEnt model to generate a map highlighting the extent of suitable snow leopard habitat in QNNR. Results showed that the accuracy of the MaxEnt model was excellent （mean AUC=0.921）. Precipitation in the driest quarter, ruggedness, elevation, maximum temperature of the warmest month, and annual mean temperature were the main environmental factors influencing habitat suitability for snow leopards, with contribution rates of 20.0%, 14.4%, 13.3%, 8.7%, and 8.2% respectively The suitable habitat area extended for 7 001.93 km^2, representing 22.72% of the whole reserve. The regions bordering Nepal were the main suitable snow leopard habitats and consisted of three separate habitat patches Our findings revealed that precipitation, temperature conditions, ruggedness, and elevations of around 4 000 m a.s.I, influenced snow leopard preferences at the landscape level in QNNR. We advocate further research and cooperation with Nepal to evaluate habitat connectivity and to explore possible proxies of population isolation among these patches. Furthermore, evaluation of subdivisions within the protection zones of QNNR is necessary to improve conservation strategies and enhance protection.

Use a Spatial Analysis Model to Assess Habitat Quality in Lashihai Watershed

Habitat quality assessments are of great significance for protecting biodiversity.This study analyzes the changing habitat quality of Lashihai watershed based on SPOT satellite images.We extracted the land use data for Lashihai watershed in Yunnan province for the years 2000 and 2015,and then used an INVEST model to evaluate habitat degradation,habitat quality and habitat scarcity in the study area from 2000 to 2015.Spatial statistical methods were used to determine changes to spatial dynamics.Results indicate that the number of areas with habitat degradation was generally small,and that both the number of areas with habitat degradation and the degree of degradation had fallen noticeably during the fifteen-year study period.In general,the quality of habitats was main- tained or improved,while the quality of habitats decreased in only a few areas.The scarcity of habitats for cultivated land had increased,the tension between people and land use was relatively prominent.The reason habitat quality in Lashihai watershed has improved can be attributed to three factors:1)The policy of returning farmland to forests since 2000 has been well implemented and has achieved remarkable results.Loss of forests from logging and deforestation has basically been eliminated,and great progress has been made restoring the ecological environment.2)High background value of quality habitat suitability benefits from the research area's high vegetation coverage.3)The development of the local tourism economy has transformed the area's ecological advantages into an economic bonus,greatly increasing the income level and living standards of residents.At the same time,the ecological resource bonus has increased the enthusiasm of residents for ecological protection and has helped to promote the protection of local eco-systems,both reducing ecological degradation and improving habitat quality.At the same time,increasing conflicts between land and people should be addressed.Support is needed to promote development of the ecological economy while continuously reducing ecological degradation and further increasing residents'income.There must be less reliance on industry and less pressure on both land and people,all the while ensuring that the local economy and ecology can more forward together in a sustainable way.