Psychophysiological Effects of Bamboo Plants on Adults

The present study was conducted to clarify the psychophysiological relaxation effects of viewing bamboo on university students. Forty healthy Chinese participants enrolled in this study to clarify the psychophysiological relaxation effects of viewing bamboo. The effects of visual stimulation using a pot both with and without a bamboo were recorded by measuring the student＇s blood pressure, EEG and STAI. We observed that viewing bamboo plants resulted in significantly lower systolic（female, P 〈 0.001; male, P 〈 0.001; P 〈 0.05） and diastolic（female,P 〈 0.001; male, P 〈 0.001; P 〈 0.05） blood pressures, but no changes in the pulse rate（female, P = 0.09; male, P = 0.07; P 〉 0.05） were observed. The results of the EEG analysis indicated brainwave variation（all P 〈 0.05） and lower anxiety scores（P 〈 0.01） after 3 min of viewing bamboo compared with the control. These findings indicate that visual stimulation with bamboo plants induced psychophysiological relaxation effects on adults.

Using Vibraimage Technology to Analyze the Psychophysiological State of a Person during Opposite Stimuli Presentation

The vibraimage technology is applied to evaluate the multiple intelligences by presenting the line-opposite stimuli. The analysis of testing results of 161 and 91 first-year students from two technical universities, St. Petersburg, Russia, is presented. A new method has been introduced for the assessment of the level of introversion and extraversion of a person being tested. Various equations for calculating the psychophysiological state have been studied and common patterns of the psychophysiological responses to the stimuli were revealed. The experiments showed a prevailing negative correlation between the parameters of a person’s energy consumption and information exchange detected by the vibraimage technology. The article discusses the possibility of extending the obtained results to other psychophysiological tests.

Possibility of “Comet-Like” Transport of Acetylcholine Receptors in Command <i>Helix</i>Neurons in Cellular Analog of Habituation

The presence of "comet-like" radial transport of acetylcholine receptors by actin microfilaments without the participation of myosin motors in the depression of acetylcholine-induced inward chloric current (ACh-current) in command neurons of defensive behavior of the land snail, Helix lucorum, in a cellular analog of habituation was investigated. For that purpose the effects of CK548, CK-636 (inhibitors of actin-related protein complex Arp2/3, whose activation triggers rapid actin polymerization and the formation of the "comet-like" tail on the actinic filament) and wiskostatin (an N-WASP protein inhibitor, activating Arp2/3) on the depression of ACh-current were studied. The attenuation of ACh-current depression was observed upon the addition of CK548. At the same time, CK-636 and wiskostatin irreversibly strengthened the depression of this current and suppressed its spontaneous recovery. The results of CK-548 action and its mathematical modeling allow suggesting the presence of "comet-like" transport of acetylcholine receptors, initiated by Arp2/3 protein complex in receptor endo and exocytosis in command neurons of Helix lucorum in a cellular analog of habituation. Irreversible inhibition of vital metabolic processes of the neuron by wiskostatin and CK-636, which lead to the decrease in the level of ATP, could have caused irreversible effects of these blockers on current depression.

Psychophysiological Effects of a Combination of Sideritis and Bacopa Extract (memoLoges®) in 32 Subjects Suffering from Mild Cognitive Impairment. A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, 2-Armed Study with Parallel Design

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) can be regarded as a non-demented transitional stage during the development of Alzheimer’s disease. Early recognition of this stage might increase the chance of prevention by early treatment. Within a pilot study, two plant-derived preparations and mixtures thereof were tested successfully in subjects suffering from MCI. A combination of Sideritis scardica and Bacopa monnieri extract (memoLoges®) was chosen now for a repetitive dosing during 4 weeks. Thirty-two subjects aged 50 to 80 years and suffering from MCI (having a DemTect questionnaire score between 8 and 13) were recruited for intake of 2 capsules of the preparation per day. Quantitative EEG recording during relaxation and concomitant performance of three 5 minutes lasting psychometric tests (d2-concentration test, arithmetic calculation test and memory test) was achieved at the first day and one day after the last repetitive intake. Seventeen channels of EEG and one channel EOG (for artefact rejection) were recorded. After frequency analysis (FFT) current source density was calculated as reported earlier. One, two and three hours after intake of the herbal extract or placebo the whole procedure was repeated. Brain imaging was achieved by conversion of numerical values of spectral EEG power into spectral colors and additive color mixture according to RGB as used in TV settings. Intake of memoLoges® induced a trend of improvement of performance in psychometric testing (all three tests). During relaxation quantitative assessment of EEG data revealed attenuation of delta and theta spectral power in frontal brain as likewise reported in the presence of the Alzheimer drug rivastigmine, bringing the spectrum back to “normality”. During mental work memoLoges® induced statistically significant increases of beta power. Since MCI subjects produce less beta power in comparison to healthy subjects, this increase must likewise be seen as a positive effect pointing to a healthier spectrum.

Psychophysiological Effects of Zembrin®Using Quantitative EEG Source Density in Combination with Eye-Tracking in 60 Healthy Subjects. A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, 3-Armed Study with Parallel Design

The endemic South African succulent plant Sceletium tortuosum (L.) N.E. Br., family Mesembryathemaceae, is known as kanna in Nama, kougoed in Afrikaans, and sceletium in English. The plant has been used as a tea and as a masticatory for millennia by indigenous San hunter-gatherers and Nama pastoralists for endurance and well-being. It has been reported that the plant “gives strength to their limbs, and takes away pain, and makes their memory strong”. The current investigation aimed at the psychophysiological characterization of 25.0 and 50.0 mg of a special extract marketed as Zembrin® in comparison to placebo using a new methodology called “EnkephaloVision”. This combination of EEG Neurocode-Tracking and Eye-Tracking allows for concomitant analysis of time epochs of only 364 ms duration. Spectral EEG analysis during cognitive and emotional challenges revealed statistically significant increases of delta (p < 0.01 during arithmetic calculation and watching a boring animal video) and theta spectral power (p < 0.10 during these same challenges) in the presence of Zembrin® within the frontal brain. It is these same increases of slow waves in the frontal brain that are described in the literature during performance of mental tests. This indicates a positive effect of Zembrin® on the electrical activity of the brain during cognitive processing. In addition, alpha1 and alpha2 spectral power in the frontal brain was increased during several challenges including brain teasing, arithmetic calculations and performance of a memory test. From the literature, increases of spectral alpha1 power indicate a greater degree of calmness and may represent decreased depressive symptoms, while increases in alpha2 waves have been related to memory. Beta2 waves increased during mental performance in the presence of the higher dosage of Zembrin® in parietal, occipital and temporal brain regions. In comparison to placebo, Zembrin® induced frequency changes in the brain, which have been related to enhanced attention and memory. These results may represent a positive action of Zembrin® on cognitive and emotional processes in the brain.

Comprehensive evaluation method for plateau driving fatigue based on psychophysiological indicators

To investigate the effects of plateau environments on driving fatigue,heart rate and electroencephalogram(EEG)signals were chosen as indicators to characterize driving fatigue.The study analyzed the variation in these indicators as drivers transitioned into fatigued stages.By examining the sample entropy of EEG signals and the heart rate variation coefficient,a complex indicator of driving fatigue(CIDF)was established using principal component analysis to overcome the limitations of single-indicator methods.According to the CIDF values,the driving fatigue states in plateau areas were subdivided into three categories,including alertness,mild fatigue,and severe fatigue,by cluster analysis.Optimal binning determined thresholds for different driving fatigue states,which were validated through variance analysis.The results indicate that the CIDF values effectively distinguish the driving fatigue states of drivers in plateau areas.The CIDF thresholds for the alertness and the mild fatigue states are 0.34 and 0.50,respectively.A CIDF value greater than 0.50 indicates that the driver is in a severe fatigue state.

Revealing driver psychophysiological response to emergency braking in distracted driving based on field experiments

Purpose–The purpose of this paper is to characterize distracted driving by quantifying the response time and response intensity to an emergency stop using the driver’s physiological states.Design/methodology/approach–Field tests with 17 participants were conducted in the connected and automated vehicle test field.All participants were required to prioritize their primary driving tasks while a secondary nondriving task was asked to be executed.Demographic data,vehicle trajectory data and various physiological data were recorded through a biosignalsplux signal data acquisition toolkit,such as electrocardiograph for heart rate,electromyography for muscle strength,electrodermal activity for skin conductance and force-sensing resistor for braking pressure.Findings–This study quantified the psychophysiological responses of the driver who returns to the primary driving task from the secondary nondriving task when an emergency occurs.The results provided a prototype analysis of the time required for making a decision in the context of advanced driver assistance systems or for rebuilding the situational awareness in future automated vehicles when a driver’s take-over maneuver is needed.Originality/value–The hypothesis is that the secondary task will result in a higher mental workload and a prolonged reaction time.Therefore,the driver states in distracted driving are significantly different than in regular driving,the physiological signal improves measuring the brake response time and distraction levels and brake intensity can be expressed as functions of driver demographics.To the best of the authors’knowledge,this is the first study using psychophysiological measures to quantify a driver’s response to an emergency stop during distracted driving.

Plasticity of Xyloglucan Composition in Bean （Phaseolus vulgaris）-Cultured Cells during Habituation and Dehabituation to Lethal Concentrations of Dichlobenil

Bean cells that have been habituated to grow in a lethal concentration （12 μM） of 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile （dichlobenil or DCB, a cellulose biosynthesis inhibitor） are known to have decreased cellulose content in their cell walls. Xyloglucan, which is bound to cellulose and together with it forms the main loading network of plant cell walls, has also been described to decrease in habituated cells, but whether the change on cellulose affects the xyloglucan structure besides its abundance has not been analyzed. Fragmentation analysis with xyloglucan-specific endoglucanase （XEG） and endocellulase revealed that habituation to DCB caused a change in the fine structure of xyloglucan, namely a decrease in fucosyl residues attached to the galactosyl-xylosyl residues along the glucan backbone. After the removal of herbicide from the medium （dehabituated cells）, xyloglucan recovered its fucosyl residues. In addition, some cello-oligosaccharides could be detected only in habituated cells＇ xyloglucan digested by XEG and endocellulase, corresponding to a glucan co- valently bound or co-precipitated with the hemicelluloses. These results show that structural flexibility of cell walls relies in part on the plasticity of xyloglucan composition and opens up new perspectives to further research in this field.

Ethos and Habituation in Aristotle

This paper is concerned with Aristotle＇s theory of habituation, focusing on the following three issues： （1） the relation between habit and reason, （2） human nature and habituation, and （3） the roles of family and politics in habituation. Aristotle＇s theory of habituation has been a topic of interest recently. Yet so far, most debates about this topic are about the first issue. This paper will bring in the second and the third issues, in order to provide a complete picture of the theory. To be more specific, the paper seeks to better understand the following three claims of Aristotle, corresponding to the three issues mentioned above： （1） ＂We become just by doing just acts, temperate by doing temperate acts, brave by doing brave acts＂ （NE 1103a34-bl）1. （2） ＂We are adapted by nature to receive virtues, and are made perfect by habit＂ （teleuioumenois de dia tou ethous） （1103a25-26）. （3） ＂One＇s own good cannot exist without household management, nor without a form of government＂ （1142a9-11）.

Responses to threat in a freshwater invader： longitudinal data reveal personality, habituation, and robustness to changing water temperatures in the ＂killer shrimp＂ Dikerogammarus villosus （Crustacea： Amphipoda）

Freshwater biodiversity and ecosystem integrity are under threat from biological invasions. The ＂killer shrimp＂ Dikerogammarus villosus is a highly predatory amphipod that has spread readily across Central Europe and recently the UK and its arrival has been associated with the significant loss of resident species. Despite this, studies of its behavioral ecology are sparse, even though its be- havior may contribute to its invasion success. For the first time, we investigated antipredator ＂fleeing＂ behavior in D. villosus and how this changed with water temperature. Three key patterns emerged from our analysis. First, within a particular temperature condition there are moderate but consistent among-individual differences in behavior. These are driven by a combination of mean level among-individual differences and within-individual relative consistency in behavior, and pro- vide the key marker for animal personalities. Second, the fleeing responses were not influenced by temperature and third, regardless of temperature, all individuals appeared to habituate to a repeated nondangerous stimulus, indicating a capacity for individual learning. We suggest that the antipreda- tor behavior of D. villosus contributes to its rapid spread and that consistent among-individual differ- ences in behavior may promote biological invasions across heterogeneous conditions. Robustness to changing water temperatures may also be potentially advantageous, particularly in an era of glo- bal climate change, where average temperatures could be elevated and less predictable.

Creating Character： Aristotle on Habituation, the Cognitive Power of Emotion, and the Role of Prudence

For Aristotle creating a virtuous character means habituating a stable emotional state or disposition （hex＆）, which enables the agent to feel and act rightly, and to have the intellectual virtue prudence （phron^sis） complete this habituation. But because feeling or emotion （pathos） is a passive state, it is not clear in what way we can make ourselves be affected correctly. This paper tries to solve this apparent difficulty by emphasizing the cognitive power of emotion. It also examines the role of prudence in the acquisition of ethical virtue, supporting an anti-intellectualist understanding of practical motivation.

利益诉求与实践逻辑:冰球场域多元主体行为研究

基于场域理论视角,运用参与式观察和半结构式访谈的质性研究方法,对S市冰球场域中多元主体的利益诉求与实践逻辑进行分析。研究认为:冰球场域中多元主体不同的利益诉求产生特定的实践逻辑。地方政府的利益诉求表现为政绩与平稳,凭借政治资本占据场域的主导权,生成支配惯习和行政干预逻辑;占据经济资本、文化资本和社会资本的冰球俱乐部、教练员和学员家长在场域中处于弱势地位,是场域规则的被动执行者,话语权有限。政策执行存在利益冲突、行动主体独立性缺失、地方政府行为异化成为制约S市冰球运动高质量发展的主要因素,其推动路径在于重建场域秩序、发挥协会作用、重塑政府惯习。

复发性流产辨治经验

复发性流产(RSA)是一种临床较为常见的妇产科疾病,易导致反复性妊娠失败,常规西医治疗效果欠佳,使女性生殖健康受到严重损害的同时,亦对其家庭幸福稳定造成不良影响。随着临床对中医治疗RSA相关研究的逐渐增加,RSA病因复杂,临证时在进行查诊的同时需结合“不治已病治未病”的理念进行辨证论治,以减少RSA的发生。此文旨在从RSA病因病机、辨证论治等角度探讨中医治疗RSA临证思路及临床经验,以期为改善患者预后提供依据。

心理生理学数据的教育应用:科学释义、实践探索与发展趋向

心理生理学数据逐渐成为多模态学习分析中重要的数据来源,为理解教育中错综复杂的认知情感机制提供了重要支持。心理生理学数据是人体受到情感刺激或认知加工时机体感知与应对情况的生理表征,能够解释行为、认知、情感等要素与大脑活动、循环系统以及激素释放的相互作用机理,可以被划分为神经系统数据、心血管系统数据、皮肤系统数据、感官系统数据四种类型。目前教育研究中使用较多的心理生理学数据包括心率数据、皮肤电数据、脑电数据、fNIRS数据以及眼动数据,并在应用情境、研究对象、任务主题、数据收集与分析以及研究结论等方面体现了心理生理学数据在教育研究中的实践探索与应用价值,但同时面临着数据采集准确性低、数据处理影响因素多、数据解释关系复杂以及数据伦理保护机制不健全等挑战。未来,随着智能感知技术与智能分析技术的不断成熟,基于心理生理学数据的教育研究将呈现采集设备专业化、实验研究情境化、多源数据融合化、实验设计精细化以及数据保护标准化等发展趋势,推动教育学、脑科学、心理学以及认知神经科学之间的交叉融合发展。

基于RNA-seq不明原因复发性流产绒毛组织mRNA基因差异性表达研究

目的:构建不明原因复发性流产(unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion,URSA)孕妇绒毛组织的mRNA差异性表达谱并进行功能分析,为阐明URSA的发生发展机制提供依据。方法:收集2022年3月于新疆医科大学第一附属医院妇科门诊收治的4例URSA(试验组)和4例选择性终止妊娠孕妇(对照组)的绒毛组织样本。应用转录组测序技术(RNA-seq)筛选2组差异表达基因(differentially expressed genes,DEGs),并对其进行GO功能注释、KEGG通路分析及蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用(PPI)网络分析,进一步研究差异表达mRNA的功能,并筛选出URSA的关键基因。结果:RNA-seq分析共筛选出3350个DEGs,其中上调基因2259个,下调基因1091个。通过PPI网络分析,筛选出与URSA有关的前10个关键基因:TYROBP、CD74、GH1、GH2、STAT5A、HLA-DRA、STAT5B、HLA-DRB1、CISH和HLA-A。通过GO和KEGG生物学功能分析,发现差异性表达的mRNA参与到多种白细胞分化相关免疫反应通路和同种异体免疫应答等生物学过程。结论:利用RNA-seq获得的URSA的mRNA差异性表达谱,筛选出可能与URSA有关的关键基因及生物学通路,为进一步研究URSA的发病机制和诊疗靶点提供了理论依据。

习惯性流产患者接受KY3H健康状态辨识-评估-干预系统指导下的中医特色治疗的效果分析

目的探讨习惯性流产患者接受KY3H健康状态辨识-评估-干预系统指导下的中医特色治疗的效果。方法选取2019年1月至2022年6月于浙江中医药大学附属温州市中医院就诊的96例习惯性流产患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,各48例。对照组给予常规治疗,观察组在对照组基础上给予KY3H健康状态辨识-评估-干预系统指导下的中医特色治疗。比较两组治疗效果、治疗前后体质评分及中医证候积分、妊娠期并发症、妊娠结局情况。结果观察组总有效率为93.75%,高于对照组的72.92%(P<0.05);观察组治疗1、3个月后平和体质评分高于对照组,偏颇体质评分及阴道出血、腹痛、腰膝酸软积分低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组妊娠期并发症发生率、流产率、早产率低于对照组,足月分娩率高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论习惯性流产患者接受KY3H健康状态辨识-评估-干预系统指导下的中医特色治疗效果显著,可纠正偏颇体质,改善临床症状,降低妊娠期并发症发生率,改善妊娠结局。

血栓弹力图检测在复发性流产治疗中的指导意义

目的探讨血栓弹力图检测在复发性流产(RSA)治疗中的指导意义。方法选择2021年7月至2023年7月在本院生殖医学科收治的复发性流产患者80例作为观察组,随机数字表法分为常规治疗组(40例)和联合治疗组(40例),常规治疗组是在确认宫内妊娠后予以小剂量阿司匹林片治疗,服用至妊娠20周;联合治疗组在常规治疗组基础上予以低分子肝素钙注射液治疗,用至妊娠12周。对比治疗前后2组患者的凝血五项指标,血栓弹力图指标、血常规指标。同时筛选本院健康体检育龄期女性80名为对照组,并比较对照组与观察组治疗前的凝血5项指标,血栓弹力图指标,血常规指标。结果与对照组比较,在治疗前观察组(常规治疗组和联合治疗组)凝血指标中D-二聚体、纤维蛋白原(FIB)升高,活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)下降(FIB、APTT始终在正常参考区间范围内),血栓弹力图参数反应时间(R)值下降,最大振幅(MA)及综合凝血指数(CI)值增加,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),血常规各指标差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组2种治疗方法比较,在治疗前凝血5项指标,血栓弹力图,血常规差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),在治疗后2组方法中均表现为D-二聚体下降,血栓弹力图R值增加,MA及CI值下降,并且联合治疗组改善效果更为明显,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),2组治疗前后APTT变化差异也具有统计学意义(P<0.05),但变化并不超过参考区间。2种治疗方法均随访至妊娠28周,联合组治疗方法流产发生率7.5%(3/40),常规组流产发生率15.0%(6/40),联合治疗低于常规治疗。结论血栓弹力图检测可以更灵敏地反映RSA患者非妊娠期是否处于血栓前状态,能够更有效地指导用药,经小剂量阿司匹林联合低分子肝素治疗,RSA患者流产率下降。

场域中的译者自主

文化学派过分强调文化因素对翻译活动的影响,使得外部规约之于译者自主有一种形而上学决定论的倾向,是对译者自主的否定。布迪厄主张方法论上的关系主义,强调关系的首要地位,避免陷入主观主义和客观主义的二元对立,文章以布迪厄的文化社会学理论模式为框架,将译者自主放置在其发生空间(场域)当中,从其运行逻辑(资本)和生发机制(惯习)的双向关系中对译者自主的本质进行解读,进而提出:场域中的译者自主是包含客观的主观,是资本争夺的结果。

Brandt-Daroff习服训练联合Epley耳石复位法治疗耳源性眩晕患者的效果

目的:探究Brandt-Daroff习服训练联合Epley耳石复位法治疗耳源性眩晕患者的效果。方法:选择2022年2月—2023年10月济南市第三人民医院收治的88例耳源性眩晕患者为研究对象,按随机数字表法将其分为对照组与研究组,各44例。对照组采用Epley耳石复位法治疗,研究组在对照组基础上联合Brandt-Daroff习服训练治疗。比较两组前庭症状、眩晕残障程度、治疗后,研究组Berg平衡量表及生活质量。结果:治疗后,研究组前庭症状评分及眩晕残障程度评分均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,研究组Berg平衡量表评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,研究组生活质量综合评分问卷中生活状态、躯体功能、心理功能、社会功能4个维度评分均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:Brandt-Daroff习服训练联合Epley耳石复位法治疗耳源性眩晕患者可有效改善前庭症状及眩晕残障程度,提高平衡能力及生活质量。