The seasonal variability and spatial distribution of precipitation are the main cause of flood and drought events. The study of spatial distribution and temporal trend of precipitation in river basins has been paid mo...The seasonal variability and spatial distribution of precipitation are the main cause of flood and drought events. The study of spatial distribution and temporal trend of precipitation in river basins has been paid more and more attention. However, in China, the precipitation data are measured by weather stations （WS） of China Meteorological Administration and hydrological rain gauges （RG） of national and local hydrology bureau. The WS data usually have long record with fewer stations, while the RG data usually have short record with more stations. The consistency and correlation of these two data sets have not been well understood. In this paper, the precipitation data from 30 weather stations for 1958-2007 and 248 rain gauges for 1995-2004 in the Haihe River basin are examined and compared using linear regression, 5-year moving average, Mann-Kendall trend analysis, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Z test and F test methods. The results show that the annual precipitation from both WS and RG records are normally distributed with minor difference in the mean value and variance. It is statistically feasible to extend the precipitation of RG by WS data sets. Using the extended precipitation data, the detailed spatial distribution of the annual and seasonal precipitation amounts as well as their temporal trends are calculated and mapped. The various distribution maps produced in the study show that for the whole basin the precipitation of 1958-2007 has been decreasing except for spring season. The decline trend is significant in summer, and this trend is stronger after the 1980s. The annual and seasonal precipitation amounts and changing trends are different in different regions and seasons. The precipitation is decreasing from south to north, from coastal zone to inland area.展开更多
在全球变暖的背景下,海河流域作为我国重要工农业生产地,气候正在发生重大变化.利用1960年-2010年海河流域30个气象站点的气温和降水资料,将每个站点的气温和降水量展布到全流域,采用线性倾向估计、Mann-Kendall非参数检验、滑动T检验...在全球变暖的背景下,海河流域作为我国重要工农业生产地,气候正在发生重大变化.利用1960年-2010年海河流域30个气象站点的气温和降水资料,将每个站点的气温和降水量展布到全流域,采用线性倾向估计、Mann-Kendall非参数检验、滑动T检验和小波分析等方法分析海河流域气候的变化特征.结果表明：海河流域气温呈明显上升趋势,其中西部和东部明显高于南部和北部,年平均气温在1988年发生突变,气温变化存在7a和10～15a2个周期;整个流域的降水量呈下降趋势,其中北部的内蒙古地区和河南的北部地区降水减少趋势最为明显,降水量在1997年发生突变,降水变化存在5～7 a和10～15 a 2个周期.展开更多
基金National Basic Research Program of China, No.2010CB428406 The Key Knowledge Innovation Project of the CAS, No.KZCX2-YW-126 Key Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.40730632
文摘The seasonal variability and spatial distribution of precipitation are the main cause of flood and drought events. The study of spatial distribution and temporal trend of precipitation in river basins has been paid more and more attention. However, in China, the precipitation data are measured by weather stations （WS） of China Meteorological Administration and hydrological rain gauges （RG） of national and local hydrology bureau. The WS data usually have long record with fewer stations, while the RG data usually have short record with more stations. The consistency and correlation of these two data sets have not been well understood. In this paper, the precipitation data from 30 weather stations for 1958-2007 and 248 rain gauges for 1995-2004 in the Haihe River basin are examined and compared using linear regression, 5-year moving average, Mann-Kendall trend analysis, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Z test and F test methods. The results show that the annual precipitation from both WS and RG records are normally distributed with minor difference in the mean value and variance. It is statistically feasible to extend the precipitation of RG by WS data sets. Using the extended precipitation data, the detailed spatial distribution of the annual and seasonal precipitation amounts as well as their temporal trends are calculated and mapped. The various distribution maps produced in the study show that for the whole basin the precipitation of 1958-2007 has been decreasing except for spring season. The decline trend is significant in summer, and this trend is stronger after the 1980s. The annual and seasonal precipitation amounts and changing trends are different in different regions and seasons. The precipitation is decreasing from south to north, from coastal zone to inland area.
文摘在全球变暖的背景下,海河流域作为我国重要工农业生产地,气候正在发生重大变化.利用1960年-2010年海河流域30个气象站点的气温和降水资料,将每个站点的气温和降水量展布到全流域,采用线性倾向估计、Mann-Kendall非参数检验、滑动T检验和小波分析等方法分析海河流域气候的变化特征.结果表明：海河流域气温呈明显上升趋势,其中西部和东部明显高于南部和北部,年平均气温在1988年发生突变,气温变化存在7a和10～15a2个周期;整个流域的降水量呈下降趋势,其中北部的内蒙古地区和河南的北部地区降水减少趋势最为明显,降水量在1997年发生突变,降水变化存在5～7 a和10～15 a 2个周期.
